CN112003516A - Short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology - Google Patents
Short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112003516A CN112003516A CN202010789027.9A CN202010789027A CN112003516A CN 112003516 A CN112003516 A CN 112003516A CN 202010789027 A CN202010789027 A CN 202010789027A CN 112003516 A CN112003516 A CN 112003516A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/02—Details of the control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-circuit voltage regulator using a synchronous rectification technology, which comprises a rectifier bridge consisting of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, a power supply loop, a voltage sampling loop, a phase detection loop, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) driving loop, wherein a magnetor is installed at the input end of the regulator; the power supply loop is used for providing a stable power supply for the MCU circuit and the MOS drive loop; the voltage sampling loop is used for sampling the voltage of the output end of the voltage regulator by the MCU; the phase detection loop is used for identifying phase voltage zero crossing points so that the MCU controls the on-off time; the MCU is used for voltage sampling, so that high-precision voltage control is realized; the voltage regulator uses an MOS tube as a power device, has low internal resistance, and greatly reduces the heat productivity compared with SCR; because the heat productivity is reduced, the heat dissipation shell of the product can be smaller, the aluminum material is saved, and the cost is reduced; due to the fact that the MCU is used, voltage consistency is good, manual matching of parameters is not needed during mass production, and production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power fuel motorcycles/general internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a short-circuit voltage regulator using a synchronous rectification technology.
Background
The voltage regulator is used for rectifying and stabilizing alternating current of the magneto and charging a vehicle-mounted direct current load and a storage battery.
In the prior art of the industry, a voltage stabilizing tube is generally used as a voltage stabilizing element, an SCR (silicon controlled rectifier) or a diode is used as a rectifying device, or an MOS tube is used in a lower half bridge, but the prior art has the following defects in use:
1. the voltage-stabilizing tube has low precision, the output voltage consistency of mass production products is not good, manual testing and parameter matching are usually required to meet the precision requirement, and the production efficiency is low;
2. the SCR tube has high voltage drop and serious heating, and when the SCR tube is applied to a high-power voltage regulator, a larger shell is required for heat dissipation; the same is true for the diode;
3. the MOS tube is only used in the lower half bridge, the voltage regulator of the diode is used in the upper half bridge, and under the condition of large load, the current mainly flows through the diode, so that the problem of high heating still exists;
4. the analog quantity control mode of the voltage stabilizing tube is free triggering, three phases of the magneto cannot be output in a balanced mode when the load is light or half, the heat loss of a power device is unbalanced, and meanwhile, the magneto can generate noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology comprises a rectifier bridge consisting of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, a power supply loop, a voltage sampling loop, a phase detection loop, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) drive loop, wherein a magnetor is installed at the input end of the regulator;
the power supply loop is used for providing a stable power supply for the MCU circuit and the MOS drive loop;
the voltage sampling loop is used for sampling the voltage of the output end of the voltage regulator by the MCU;
the phase detection loop is used for identifying phase voltage zero crossing points so that the MCU controls the on-off time;
the MOS driving circuit is used for amplifying and enhancing the control signal output by the MCU so as to push the MOS tube to work.
Preferably, the MCU includes an MCU and a peripheral basic configuration circuit, and is configured to provide stable operating conditions for an MCU core.
Preferably, the input end of the regulator is also provided with a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with the MOS tube.
Preferably, the back electromotive force generated by the magneto charges the storage battery through a rectifier bridge formed by a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube.
Preferably, the current flow in the MOS transistor flows from the drain to the source.
Preferably, the MCU also comprises an ADC with higher precision, and the ADC is used for flexible programming to realize rich control logic.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the MCU is used for voltage sampling, so that high-precision voltage control is realized;
2. the voltage regulator uses an MOS tube as a power device, has low internal resistance, and greatly reduces the heat productivity compared with SCR;
3. because the heat productivity is reduced, the heat dissipation shell of the product can be smaller, the aluminum material is saved, and the cost is reduced;
4. due to the use of the MCU, the voltage consistency is very good, manual matching of parameters is not needed during mass production, and the production cost is reduced;
5. the upper bridge MOS tube is opened when phase current is output, so that the heating of the voltage regulator is reduced, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, a novel control method of single-cycle complete output/short circuit is used for controlling, the original free trigger conduction angle control is replaced, the torque pulsation of a magneto can be reduced, and the noise is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between phase voltage and phase signal of the magneto;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectified and stabilized voltage waveform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an overvoltage control waveform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a software flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a technical solution: a short-circuit voltage regulator using a synchronous rectification technology comprises a rectifier bridge consisting of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, a power supply loop, a voltage sampling loop, a phase detection loop, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) driving loop, wherein a magneto is installed at the input end of the regulator, the MOS tubes are used as power devices of the voltage regulator, the internal resistance is low, and compared with an SCR (silicon controlled rectifier), the heat productivity is greatly reduced;
the power supply loop is used for providing a stable power supply for the MCU circuit and the MOS drive loop, and the MCU is used for voltage sampling, so that high-precision voltage control is realized;
the voltage sampling loop is used for sampling the voltage at the output end of the voltage regulator by the MCU, and the voltage consistency is very good due to the use of the MCU, so that the manual matching of parameters is not needed during mass production, and the production cost is reduced;
the phase detection loop is used for identifying phase voltage zero crossing points so that the MCU controls the on-off time;
the MOS driving circuit is used for amplifying and enhancing the control signal output by the MCU so as to push the MOS tube to work.
In this embodiment, preferably, the MCU includes an MCU and a peripheral basic configuration circuit, and is configured to provide stable operating conditions for the MCU core.
In this embodiment, preferably, a storage battery is further mounted on the input end of the regulator, and the storage battery is connected with the MOS transistor.
In this embodiment, preferably, the back electromotive force generated by the magneto charges the storage battery through the rectifier bridge formed by the MOS transistor, and the upper bridge MOS transistor is turned on when the phase current is output, so that heat generation of the voltage regulator is reduced, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, the control is performed by using a novel control method of single-cycle complete output/short circuit, the original control of a free trigger conduction angle is replaced, torque pulsation of the magneto can be reduced, and noise is reduced.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the current flow in the MOS transistor flows from the drain to the source.
In this embodiment, preferably, the MCU includes an ADC with high precision in the home, which is used for flexible programming to implement rich control logic, easily implement precise control and three-phase balanced output, and implement a fault self-checking function.
In the working process of the invention, the corresponding relation between the phase voltage and the phase signal of the magnetor shown in figure 2, in the positive half cycle, the phase voltage is higher than the reference ground, even if the MOS tube is opened, the current flows from the drain electrode to the source electrode of the MOS tube due to the internal resistance of the MOS tube, and the voltage of the drain electrode is slightly higher than the reference ground; in the negative half cycle, the MOS tube is in an open state, the current flows from the source electrode to the drain electrode, and the voltage of the drain electrode is lower than the reference ground; the voltage signal is conditioned into a high-low level signal which can be identified by an MCU I/O port through a phase sampling circuit and is sent to the MCU for processing;
the rectified and controlled waveform of the phase voltage is as shown in figure 3, if the battery voltage is lower than the set value, the phase voltage is output in a half-wave 1 interval; the specific implementation mode is as follows: when the phase voltage crosses zero from negative to positive, closing the lower tube; starting an upper tube after waiting for a start delay to realize synchronous rectification; due to the clamping effect of the storage battery, the phase voltage is stabilized at the voltage of the storage battery plus the voltage drop of the diode; the MCU can calculate the half-wave time in advance, so that the turn-off advance time of the upper tube can be calculated, the upper tube is turned off when the counter electromotive force of the phase line approaches the voltage of the storage battery, the current is prevented from being reversely injected into the phase line of the magnetor, and the turn-on delay and the turn-off advance calculation of the upper tube are one of the difficulties of the technical scheme; in the embodiment, the control of the start delay and the stop advance is realized by adopting a calculation mode; the calculation method is
Wherein T is the electrical cycle at the current rotation speed; vbatt is the battery voltage; e is the back electromotive force under the current rotating speed;
as shown in fig. 3, in the half-wave 2 interval, the U-phase voltage is negative for half cycle, the V-phase/W-phase current flows from the ground via the U-phase MOS transistor back to the coil, and at this time, the U-phase MOS transistor is turned on to reduce the voltage drop on the MOS transistor, thereby reducing the heating of the voltage regulator;
when the voltage of the storage battery is higher than a set value, closing an upper tube at a positive half wave and opening a lower tube; the lower tube is still opened in the negative half-wave interval to reduce heat generation, as shown in fig. 4;
as shown in fig. 5, the software control flow calls an initialization program when the voltage regulator is initially powered on or the watchdog is in effect, and configures each peripheral parameter and software parameter of the MCU, including ADC (analog-to-digital converter) sampling configuration, MOS transistor turn-on signal configuration, and phase zero-crossing sampling interrupt configuration;
as shown in fig. 5, the control of the voltage regulator is completed in the main program loop and the phase detection interrupt; when the MCU detects that the phase passes through zero, an interruption is generated, after the interruption is started, a zero-crossing signal is read to judge whether the zero-crossing phase (U phase passes through zero or V/W phase) passes through zero, then a new phase zero-crossing value is recorded to prepare for calculating the speed and the conduction angle next time, the conduction angle is written into an MOS control making timer, and when the conduction angle reaches the moment, the MOS tube is automatically started, so that the control is realized; since each phase zero-crossing signal can be accurately detected, the three-phase output can be balanced and controlled according to different output powers;
as shown in fig. 5, in the main cycle, voltage sampling and voltage mean value calculation need to be performed periodically, and then the speed is calculated according to the phase value recorded in the phase zero-crossing interruption, and the control uses PI control (proportional-integral control); in the main cycle, fault judgment and working condition judgment are required, if the zero-crossing sequence of the phase is not correct, whether the phase line falls off can be judged, and information such as alarm can be provided for a user if necessary; and the working condition judgment is to determine whether the voltage regulator needs to start working according to the calculated rotating speed, if the rotating speed of the magneto is lower than a set value, the engine stops working, and at the moment, the MCU and the external circuit enter a low power consumption mode so as to reduce the power consumption of the storage battery.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology, characterized in that: the regulator comprises a rectifier bridge consisting of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, a power supply loop, a voltage sampling loop, a phase detection loop, an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) drive loop, wherein a magnetor is installed at the input end of the regulator;
the power supply loop is used for providing a stable power supply for the MCU circuit and the MOS drive loop;
the voltage sampling loop is used for sampling the voltage of the output end of the voltage regulator by the MCU;
the phase detection loop is used for identifying phase voltage zero crossing points so that the MCU controls the on-off time;
the MOS driving circuit is used for amplifying and enhancing the control signal output by the MCU so as to push the MOS tube to work.
2. A short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MCU comprises an MCU and a peripheral basic configuration circuit and is used for providing stable working conditions for an MCU kernel.
3. A short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the regulator is also provided with a storage battery, and the storage battery is connected with the MOS tube.
4. A short-circuited voltage regulator using synchronous rectification according to claim 3, characterized in that: the back electromotive force generated by the magnetor charges the storage battery through a rectifier bridge formed by MOS tubes.
5. A short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the current flow in the MOS transistor flows from the drain to the source.
6. A short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the MCU also comprises an ADC with higher precision, and the ADC is used for flexibly programming to realize rich control logic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010789027.9A CN112003516A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010789027.9A CN112003516A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology |
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| CN112003516A true CN112003516A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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| CN202010789027.9A Pending CN112003516A (en) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Short-circuit voltage regulator using synchronous rectification technology |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108063571A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-22 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | Current phase controls formula pressure regulator |
| CN110311578A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | A kind of magnetic motor for motorcycle output voltage segmentation method for rectifying and pressure regulator |
| CN110690814A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | Control method and control system for full MOS tube synchronous rectification voltage regulator for motorcycle |
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2020
- 2020-08-07 CN CN202010789027.9A patent/CN112003516A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108063571A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-22 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | Current phase controls formula pressure regulator |
| CN110311578A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-08 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | A kind of magnetic motor for motorcycle output voltage segmentation method for rectifying and pressure regulator |
| CN110690814A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 重庆和诚电器有限公司 | Control method and control system for full MOS tube synchronous rectification voltage regulator for motorcycle |
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