CN112003260B - Active arc extinction method for single-phase earth fault of power distribution network - Google Patents
Active arc extinction method for single-phase earth fault of power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN112003260B CN112003260B CN202010845611.1A CN202010845611A CN112003260B CN 112003260 B CN112003260 B CN 112003260B CN 202010845611 A CN202010845611 A CN 202010845611A CN 112003260 B CN112003260 B CN 112003260B
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- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/08—Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil
Abstract
The invention discloses an active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network, which is used for sampling three-phase power supply voltage and neutral point voltage and judging whether the single-phase earth fault occurs or not; when a single-phase earth fault occurs, a switch K of a fault corresponding station variable power supply in the arc extinction device is closed, and the single-phase inverter and the station variable power supply are simultaneously switched in to enable the voltage of a fault point to be 0, so that the active arc extinction of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network is completed. The method has the advantages of real-time performance, low production cost, simple calculation and higher precision under different fault resistances, control parameters and operating conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric power, and particularly relates to an active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network.
Background
The medium voltage distribution network often adopts the non-effective ground connection mode of neutral point, along with city distribution lines progressively cabling and the flexibility of equipment, when single-phase earth fault takes place, earth fault electric current sharply increases, produces the electric arc that is difficult to extinguish. If the arc is not handled in time, it may cause overvoltage to occur at the fault, causing insulation breakdown of the non-fault line, creating a phase-to-phase fault, which poses a significant challenge to the normal operation of the power system.
The research on the arc problem of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network has some limitations, which are as follows:
1. by a neutral point arc suppression coil grounding mode, also called a passive arc suppression method, the method can only eliminate reactive current of a fault point, and active current and harmonic current cannot be eliminated;
2. the method uses a mode that a single-phase inverter is connected with arc suppression coils in parallel through an active arc suppression method based on the inverter. However, the capacity required by the single-phase inverter is usually about 50KVA, the capacity of the inverter is too large, and the manufacturing cost is high;
3. the three-phase cascade H bridge is connected in parallel on the main circuit to realize the full compensation of the fault point current, and the requirement on the measurement precision of the power grid parameters is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the method is suitable for power distribution networks with different structures and different parameters; arc quenching of the fault point is realized by controlling the voltage of the fault point, and theoretical support can be provided for judging the fault type, selecting lines and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network comprises the following steps:
s1, sampling three-phase power supply voltage and neutral point voltage, and judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs or not;
s2, when the single-phase earth fault occurs, closing a switch K of the station variable power supply corresponding to the fault in the arc extinction device, and simultaneously switching the single-phase inverter and the station variable power supply to enable the voltage of a fault point to be 0 so as to complete active arc extinction of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network.
Specifically, in step S1, when the neutral point voltage deviation exceeds 15%, it is determined as a single-phase ground fault, and the phase with the minimum voltage is determined as a fault phase.
Specifically, in step S2, the arc extinction device includes a main transformer, a single-phase inverter, and an isolation transformer, the station transformer power supply is reversely connected to the main transformer loop through a switch K, and the single-phase inverter is connected to the main transformer loop through the isolation transformer in series.
Further, the main transformer has a transformation ratio of
The transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is
Wherein N is 1 The number of turns on the high-voltage side of the main transformer, N 2 The number of turns on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, N 3 For isolating the high-voltage side turns of the transformer, N 4 To isolate the low side turns of the transformer.
Specifically, in step S2, the control target for completing the active arc suppression of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network is that the neutral point voltage is equal to the opposite number of the fault phase power supply voltage, specifically:
U N ＝-E C
wherein, U N Is neutral point voltage, E C Is the fault phase supply voltage.
Specifically, the output current value of the arc extinction device is:
I 1 ＝(Y A +Y B +Y C )·U N +Y F ·(E C +U N )
wherein YA, YB and YC are zero sequence admittance to ground of power distribution network, Y F For zero sequence admittance of the arc suppression coil to ground, E C For fault phase supply voltage, U N Is the neutral point voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the active arc extinction method for the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network, the full compensation of the current of a fault point can be completed in a short time through the active arc extinction method for the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network, and the method can be suitable for the power distribution networks with different structures and different parameters; the invention has higher precision under different fault resistances, control parameters and operation conditions, realizes arc quenching of a fault point by controlling the voltage of the fault point, and can provide theoretical support for judging fault types, selecting lines and the like.
Further, in order to judge whether the single-phase earth fault is judged, three-phase voltage and neutral point voltage are collected, the neutral point voltage deviation exceeds 15%, the single-phase earth fault is judged, and the phase with the minimum voltage is judged as a fault phase.
Furthermore, the arc extinction device realized by the inverter and the transformer reduces the capacity of the inverter, reduces the production cost of the arc extinction device and obtains a general conclusion of the magnitude of the fault current.
Further, a main transformer transformation ratio is set
And the station variable power supply is connected into a main transformer loop. Setting the transformation ratio of an isolation transformer
The current and voltage sustained by the inverter are reduced.
Further, controlling the fault point voltage to 0 can be equivalent to controlling the neutral point voltage to be equal to the opposite of the fault phase power supply voltage.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of instantaneity, low production cost, simple calculation and higher precision under different fault resistances, control parameters and operating conditions.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an active arc extinction structure of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an arc extinction method of the active arc extinction device according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a simplified dual closed-loop control method after series-connection of inverters;
FIG. 4 is a Bode plot of the current inner loop closed loop transfer function;
FIG. 5 is a Bode plot of the voltage outer loop closed loop transfer function;
FIG. 6 is a simulation diagram of a steady-state fault point current waveform compensated by the method of the present invention when the transition resistance is 0, i.e., a metallic fault;
fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of the current waveform of the steady-state fault point compensated by the method of the present invention when the transition resistance is 100 Ω.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network.
The main transformer is connected with a station variable power supply, the main transformer is connected to the side of an arc suppression coil of a power distribution network, and the station variable power supply is reversely connected to the main transformer; after the single-phase earth fault, closing the fault-changing phase power supply voltage switch for the station;
the neutral point voltage control specifically comprises: the reference voltage is the opposite number of the fault phase power supply voltage, and the given voltage is the output voltage of the arc suppression device, so that the neutral point voltage is equal to the opposite number of the fault phase power supply voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, the active arc extinction method for the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, sampling three-phase power supply voltage and neutral point voltage, and judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs or not;
please refer to FIG. 1,E X (X = A, B, C) is the three-phase supply voltage of the distribution network, U N Assuming that the C phase has single-phase earth fault and the transition resistance of the fault point is R f 。
S2, if a single-phase earth fault occurs, closing a silicon controlled switch K of a variable power supply for a fault corresponding station in the arc extinction device; the principle of the voltage arc extinction method is that the voltage of a fault point is 0, so that the current of the fault point is 0, and the arc extinction function is realized.
The arc extinction device comprises a main transformer, a single-phase inverter, an isolation transformer and a station transformer power supply.
The station variable power supply is connected into the main transformer loop through the silicon controlled switch K, the station variable power supply is reversely connected into the main transformer loop, and the single-phase inverter is connected into the main transformer loop in series through the isolation transformer.
The main transformer has a transformation ratio of
The transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is
Wherein N is 1 The number of turns on the high-voltage side of the main transformer, N 2 The number of turns on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, N 3 For isolating the high-voltage side turns of the transformer, N 4 To isolate the transformer low side turns, the inverter has a capacity of thousands of volt-amperes.
The single-phase inverter and the station transformer power supply are simultaneously put into use to enable the voltage of a fault point to be 0, and active arc extinction of the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network is completed; the control objective is therefore that the neutral point voltage be equal to the opposite of the fault phase supply voltage, i.e.
U N ＝-E C
Wherein, U N Is neutral point voltage, E C Is the fault phase supply voltage.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
When the system detects three-phase voltage and neutral point voltage, and finds that single-phase earth fault occurs, the phase selection of the fault phase is carried out rapidly, and the switch K corresponding to the fault is closed rapidly. For example, if a single-phase earth fault occurs in the phase C, the switch K after the station transformer power supply corresponding to the phase C is closed.
Since the station transformer is connected in reverse in the main transformer loop, the inverter access is not considered for the first time, and ideally, the neutral point voltage is equal to the opposite number of the C-phase power voltage after passing through the main transformer.
Considering that certain error exists between the phase occupied by the variable power supply and the actual fault phase of the power distribution network, a single-phase inverter is connected in series in a main transformer loop for fine adjustment, so that the neutral point voltage is strictly equal to the opposite number of the fault phase power supply voltage.
After neutral points are compensated by arc suppression coils according to actual experience in the field, 2-7A of residual reactive current, active current and harmonic current I still exist 1 Compensation is required;
and then passes through the transformation ratio of the main transformer, so that the current in the main transformer loop can reach hundreds of amperes. The reduction of the current is achieved by an isolation transformer, taking into account the capability of the inverter IGBTs to carry the current;
since the voltage to which the inverter circuit is subjected is also small, the capacity of the whole inverter only needs thousands of volt-amperes.
Therefore, the method greatly reduces the capacity of the inverter and reduces the production cost.
The output current value of the whole arc suppression device is as follows:
I 1 ＝Y A ·(E A +U N )+Y B ·(E B +U N )+(Y C +Y f )·(E C +U N )
assuming that the three-phase power supply is symmetrical, there are: e A +E B +E C =0, the above formula can be simplified
I 1 ＝(Y A +Y B +Y C )·U N +Y F ·(E C +U N )
Wherein YA, YB and YC are zero sequence admittance to ground of power distribution network, Y F For zero sequence admittance of the arc suppression coil to ground, E C For fault phase supply voltage, U N Is the neutral point voltage.
Referring to fig. 3, a simplified block diagram of a dual closed-loop control method after the inverter is connected in series is shown, the dual closed-loop PI control is adopted in the present invention, and the inverter only needs a fine tuning function to accurately realize that the neutral point voltage is equal to the opposite number of the fault phase power voltage.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, bode plots of the current inner loop closed loop transfer function and the voltage outer loop closed loop transfer function are shown, respectively. The output current of the active arc suppression device is a control object of the current inner ring, the output of the voltage outer ring is used as a reference value, and the high-precision real-time control of the output current is realized through the PI regulator. Neutral point voltage U N For the control objective of the double closed loop, in order to suppress the ground fault voltage to zero, the reference voltage should satisfy the relationship of equal amplitude and opposite phase with the fault phase power supply voltage. It can be seen that the closed loop system of the current inner loop and the voltage outer loop has very small gain and phase errors at the fundamental frequency, and the control effect is very good.
In order to verify the correctness and the applicability of the method provided by the invention, a simulation diagram of a fault point current waveform when the transition resistance is 0, namely the metallic fault, is obtained through software simulation, and the simulation diagram is shown in FIG. 6. Fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of the current waveform at the fault point when the transition resistance is 100 Ω. After the active arc-extinguishing device is put into operation, the fault point current can be quickly reduced to 0 after the steady state, so that the fault point arc is extinguished.
In conclusion, the active arc extinction method for the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network, provided by the invention, provides a novel active voltage arc extinction method device, reduces the capacity and the production cost of an inverter, provides a basis for line selection and protection of single-phase earth permanent faults, and has the advantages of instantaneity, low production cost, simplicity in calculation, and higher precision under different fault resistances, control parameters and operation conditions.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An active arc extinction method for a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sampling three-phase power supply voltage and neutral point voltage, and judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs or not;
s2, when a single-phase ground fault occurs, a switch K of a fault corresponding station variable power supply in an arc extinction device is closed, the single-phase inverter and the station variable power supply are simultaneously switched in to enable the voltage of a fault point to be 0, and active arc extinction of the single-phase ground fault of the power distribution network is completed; the main transformer has a transformation ratio of
The transformation ratio of the isolation transformer is
Wherein N is 1 The number of turns on the high-voltage side of the main transformer, N 2 The number of turns on the low-voltage side of the main transformer, N 3 For isolating the high-voltage side turns of the transformer, N 4 To isolate the low side turns of the transformer.
2. The active arc suppression method for the single-phase ground fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, when the neutral point voltage deviation exceeds 15%, the single-phase ground fault is determined, and the phase with the minimum voltage is determined as the fault phase.
3. The active arc extinction method for the power distribution network single-phase ground fault according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the control target for completing the active arc extinction of the power distribution network single-phase ground fault is that the neutral point voltage is equal to the opposite number of the fault phase power supply voltage, specifically:
U N ＝-E C
wherein, U N Is neutral point voltage, E C Is the fault phase supply voltage.
4. The active arc extinction method for the single-phase ground fault of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein output current values of the arc extinction device are as follows:
I 1 ＝(Y A +Y B +Y C )·U N +Y F ·(E C +U N )
wherein Y is A 、Y B 、Y C Zero sequence admittance, Y, to the ground for a distribution network F For zero sequence admittance of the arc suppression coil to ground, E C For fault phase supply voltage, U N Is the neutral point voltage.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102222889A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-19 | 重庆大学 | Controller for circuit asymmetrical earth fault current and control method thereof |
| CN106655144A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Dual-closed-loop control-based active voltage arc extinction method and apparatus for power distribution network in fault |
| CN111262250A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-09 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Compensation adjustment method for self-generated power supply ground fault compensation system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102222889A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-10-19 | 重庆大学 | Controller for circuit asymmetrical earth fault current and control method thereof |
| CN106655144A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-05-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Dual-closed-loop control-based active voltage arc extinction method and apparatus for power distribution network in fault |
| CN111262250A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-06-09 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Compensation adjustment method for self-generated power supply ground fault compensation system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 基于寻优控制的配电网单相接地故障有源消弧方法;张健等;《广东电力》;20170228;第30卷(第2期);第129-136页 * |
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