CN111999176A - Buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device and monitoring method - Google Patents
Buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111999176A CN111999176A CN202011014214.6A CN202011014214A CN111999176A CN 111999176 A CN111999176 A CN 111999176A CN 202011014214 A CN202011014214 A CN 202011014214A CN 111999176 A CN111999176 A CN 111999176A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/12—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in the magnetic properties of materials resulting from the application of stress
- G01L1/127—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in the magnetic properties of materials resulting from the application of stress by using inductive means
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention relates to a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device and a monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of pipeline monitoring. The device comprises a magnetic flux sensor, a data acquisition instrument, a computer and a solar power supply system, wherein the magnetic flux sensor is arranged on the surface of a buried pipeline to be detected, the magnetic flux sensor is connected with the data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument is connected with the computer, and the data acquisition instrument is externally connected with the solar power supply system. The invention is based on the magnetoelastic effect principle of ferromagnetic materials, namely when the external mechanical load born by the ferromagnetic materials changes, the internal strain is generated, so that stress sigma is generated, the magnetization intensity (magnetic permeability) changes, and the stress of the ferromagnetic materials is effectively measured by measuring the magnetic permeability change of the ferromagnetic material members. The invention can solve the problem that the stress change of the buried pipeline is difficult to measure, provides real-time detection data, has simple and convenient operation and high reliability, and does not damage the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device and a monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of pipeline monitoring.
Background
Buried steel pipeline transportation is the main means of oil gas transportation at present. However, the buried oil and gas pipeline is subjected to a local load during service, so that a stress concentration area is generated at a stress position, and cracks are easily induced in the stress concentration area, so that the pipeline is failed and even accidents occur. Therefore, the stress concentration area is monitored and evaluated, the ferromagnetic pipeline can be diagnosed at an early stage, and the safe operation of the pipeline is powerfully guaranteed.
However, no device and method for monitoring and measuring the stress of the buried pipeline in a nondestructive mode exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device and a monitoring method aiming at the defects of stress monitoring of a gas pipeline in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the utility model provides a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device, magnetic flux sensor 1, data acquisition instrument 5, computer 9 and solar power supply system 11, magnetic flux sensor 1 sets up on 2 surfaces of buried pipeline under survey, and magnetic flux sensor 1 is connected with data acquisition instrument 5, and data acquisition instrument 5 is connected with computer 9, and data acquisition instrument 5 external solar power supply system 11.
The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device further comprises a wireless transmitter/receiver 6, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is in wireless connection with the computer 9 through the wireless transmitter/receiver 6.
The magnetic flux sensor 1 comprises a temperature sensor 12, a protective shell 13, an excitation coil 14, a measuring coil 15 and a data transmission interface 16, wherein the temperature sensor 12 and the measuring coil 15 are arranged on the inner side of the excitation coil 14, the protective shell 13 is arranged on the outer side of the excitation coil 14, the data transmission interface 16 penetrates through the side end face of the protective shell 13, the temperature sensor 12, the excitation coil 14 and the measuring coil 15 are connected with the data transmission interface 16, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is connected with the data transmission interface 16 through a signal transmission line 3.
Further, the data acquisition instrument 5 is provided with a sensor interface 4, a remote data interface 7 and a power supply interface 8, the sensor interface 4 is connected with a data transmission interface 16 of the magnetic flux sensor 1 through a signal transmission line 3, the remote data interface 7 is connected with a computer 9, and the power supply interface 8 is externally connected with a solar power supply system 11.
The solar power supply system 11 comprises a solar panel 17, a solar charging and discharging controller 19, a storage battery 18 and a direct/alternating current inverter 20, wherein the solar panel 17, the storage battery 18 and the direct/alternating current inverter 20 are all connected with the solar charging and discharging controller 19, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is externally connected with the direct/alternating current inverter 20 of the solar power supply system 11.
The temperature sensor is arranged in the exciting coil to measure the temperature of the tube body in real time, the protective shell plays a role in protecting the temperature sensor, the exciting coil, the measuring coil and the data transmission interface, the measuring coil is arranged on the inner side of the exciting coil, alternating current exciting signals are added to two ends of the exciting coil, namely the primary coil, and the measuring coil can generate induced electromotive force after the exciting coil, namely the primary coil, applies the exciting signals;
the data acquisition instrument acquires induced electromotive force generated by the measuring coil and transmits the induced electromotive force to the computer, and the computer processes the measured data to obtain the stress change condition of the buried pipeline, so that the problem that the stress change of the buried pipeline is difficult to measure can be solved, real-time detection data is provided, the operation is simple and convenient, and the reliability is high;
the solar panel of the solar power supply system charges the storage battery through the solar charging and discharging controller by sunlight irradiation current, the solar controller automatically controls the storage battery to be charged and the storage battery to supply power to loads of the direct current inverter and the alternating current inverter, when the discharge value of the storage battery is lower than a standard value, the controller stops discharging for protecting the storage battery, and the power supply is automatically recovered after the discharge value of the storage battery is raised to a specified value; the storage battery has an electric quantity storage function, the electric quantity is gradually accumulated under the condition of illumination, and when the solar cell panel is not used for charging the storage battery any more in rainy days, the storage battery can stably provide a power supply to enable the system to continue to work; the direct-current inverter and the alternating-current inverter can convert electric energy of the solar panel and the storage battery into 220v alternating current for the data acquisition instrument.
A buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring method adopts a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the mathematical model of the relation between the magnetic permeability change delta mu and the stress sigma of the ferromagnetic material is
Wherein λmThe magnetostriction coefficient, mu, of the ferromagnetic material in a state of saturation of magnetization1Magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials in the absence of external forces, BmMagnetic induction in the saturation state of magnetization, i.e. when λ of ferromagnetic materialmAnd BmWhen the stress is not sensitive, the delta mu and the stress sigma are in a linear relation; namely, it is
Calculating a stress value by measuring the magnetic conductivity variation of the buried pipeline;
(2) an AC excitation signal is applied to both ends of the primary coil of the magnetic flux sensor to generate an alternating magnetic field varying with time, and an induced voltage V is generated in the secondary coilind(t)，
(3) The magnetic flux passing through the coil is along the direction of the tested piece, the total magnetic flux is composed of the magnetic flux passing through the medium in the steel pipe and the magnetic flux passing through the steel pipe during the test, and the induced voltage Vind(t) is
In the formula of0The magnetic permeability of the medium in the tube;
is the surface area of the medium in the tube in the coil, SμThe surface area of the occupied part of the steel pipe; the induced voltage is integrated with respect to time to obtain an average time output voltage of
In the formula, Δ H is the magnetic field strength at time interval t2-t1Δ B is the magnetic field strength and the magnetic flux density at time interval t2-t1The coil has more turns and is arranged closely, so that the magnetic field is distributed uniformly, therefore
In the formula S0Is the total cross-sectional area of the coil; sfIs the cross-sectional area of the steel tube; t is the time constant of the RC circuit; in the case of no steel pipe being discharged from the coil, the integral of the output voltage over time is
Therefore, the temperature of the molten steel is controlled,
determination of the integral voltage V over a certain period of time by means of a magnetic flux sensoroutAnd V0And calculating the changed magnetic conductivity, and then calculating the stress sigma of the pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device for monitoring and measuring the stress of the buried pipeline in a nondestructive way has reasonable and simple structure, can realize nondestructive and non-contact monitoring on the bearing stress of the pipeline, and does not damage the pipeline;
(2) the buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device can remotely monitor and measure the stress of the buried pipeline in real time on a computer;
(3) the buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device can perform automatic temperature compensation, and monitor the stress condition of the buried pipeline after interaction with the soil body when the buried pipeline is subjected to the combined action of soil load, internal pressure and temperature difference in real time;
(4) the buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device can support a plurality of magnetic flux sensors to monitor and measure a plurality of areas of the buried pipeline body;
(5) the device for monitoring and measuring the stress of the buried pipeline in a nondestructive way is simple in installation and operation, convenient to load, high in measurement precision and high in automation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nondestructive stress monitoring and measuring device for a buried pipeline in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a magnetic flux sensor of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross section A-A of a magnetic flux sensor of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a B-B section of a magnetic flux sensor of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a solar power supply system according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a nondestructive stress monitoring and measuring device for a buried pipeline in embodiment 2;
in the figure: the system comprises a magnetic flux sensor 1, a tested buried pipeline 2, a signal transmission line 3, a sensor interface 4, a data acquisition instrument 5, a wireless transmitting/receiving device 6, a remote data interface 7, a power interface 8, a computer 9, a power supply wire 10, a solar power supply system 11, a temperature sensor 12, a protective shell 13, an exciting coil 14, a measuring coil 15, a data transmission interface 16, a solar cell panel 17, a storage battery 18, a solar charging and discharging controller 19 and a direct/alternating current inverter 20.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device comprises a magnetic flux sensor 1, a data acquisition instrument 5, a computer 9 and a solar power supply system 11, wherein the magnetic flux sensor 1 is arranged on the surface of a to-be-measured buried pipeline 2, the magnetic flux sensor 1 is connected with the data acquisition instrument 5, the data acquisition instrument 5 is connected with the computer 9, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is externally connected with the solar power supply system 11; the buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device also comprises a wireless transmitter/receiver 6, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is wirelessly connected with a computer 9 through the wireless transmitter/receiver 6;
as shown in fig. 2-4, the magnetic flux sensor 1 includes a temperature sensor 12, a protective shell 13, an excitation coil 14, a measurement coil 15 and a data transmission interface 16, the temperature sensor 12 and the measurement coil 15 are both disposed inside the excitation coil 14, the protective shell 13 is disposed outside the excitation coil 14, the data transmission interface 16 passes through a side end face of the protective shell 13, the temperature sensor 12, the excitation coil 14 and the measurement coil 15 are all connected with the data transmission interface 16, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is connected with the data transmission interface 16 through a signal transmission line 3;
the data acquisition instrument 5 is provided with a sensor interface 4, a remote data interface 7 and a power interface 8, the sensor interface 4 is connected with a data transmission interface 16 of the magnetic flux sensor 1 through a signal transmission line 3, the remote data interface 7 is connected with a computer 9, the power interface 8 is externally connected with a solar power supply system 11 through a power supply wire 10 so as to ensure the normal work of the system, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is used for supplying power to an excitation coil 14 and a wireless transmitting/receiving device 6 at the end of the data acquisition instrument 5;
as shown in fig. 5, the solar power supply system 11 includes a solar panel 17, a solar charging and discharging controller 19, a storage battery 18 and a dc/ac inverter 20, the solar panel 17, the storage battery 18 and the dc/ac inverter 20 are all connected to the solar charging and discharging controller 19, and the data acquisition instrument 5 is externally connected to the dc/ac inverter 20 of the solar power supply system 11;
the temperature sensor is arranged in the exciting coil to measure the temperature of the pipe body in real time, the protective shell plays a role in protecting the temperature sensor, the exciting coil, the measuring coil and the data transmission interface, the measuring coil is arranged on the inner side of the exciting coil, alternating current exciting signals are added to two ends of the exciting coil, namely the primary coil, and the measuring coil can generate induced electromotive force after the exciting coil, namely the primary coil, applies the exciting signals; the data acquisition instrument acquires induced electromotive force generated by the measuring coil and transmits the induced electromotive force to the computer, and the computer processes the measured data to obtain the stress change condition of the buried pipeline, so that the problem that the stress change of the buried pipeline is difficult to measure can be solved, real-time detection data is provided, and the operation is simple and convenient and the reliability is high;
the solar panel of the solar power supply system charges the storage battery through the solar charging and discharging controller by sunlight irradiation current, the solar controller automatically controls the storage battery to be charged and the storage battery to supply power to the loads of the direct current inverter and the alternating current inverter, when the discharge value of the storage battery is lower than a standard value, the controller stops discharging for protecting the storage battery, and the power supply is automatically recovered after the discharge value of the storage battery is raised to a specified value; the storage battery has an electric quantity storage function, the electric quantity is gradually accumulated under the condition of illumination, and when the solar cell panel is not used for charging the storage battery any more in rainy days, the storage battery can stably provide a power supply to enable the system to continue to work; the direct-current inverter and the alternating-current inverter can convert electric energy of the solar panel and the storage battery into 220v alternating current for the data acquisition instrument to use.
The monitoring measurement process is as follows:
respectively installing and fixing the magnetic flux sensors 1 on the buried pipelines 2 to be detected, and communicating the data acquisition instrument 5 with the solar power supply system 11; the data acquisition instrument 5 provides pulse current for the exciting coil 14, the measuring coil 15 can generate induced electromotive force, meanwhile, the temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the pipe body in real time, the data acquisition instrument 5 acquires the temperature and the induced electromotive force transmitted by the magnetic flux sensor 1 through the transmission signal wire 3, the remote operation computer 9 reads information processed by the data acquisition instrument 5 through the wireless transmitting/receiving device 6, and the stress data borne by the pipeline is directly displayed after calculation. The data recording process is real and reliable, and the process data which is regarded as the optimal process data can be stored, so that the inspection is convenient;
the buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and calculating method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the mathematical model of the relation between the magnetic permeability change delta mu and the stress sigma of the ferromagnetic material is
Wherein λmThe magnetostriction coefficient, mu, of the ferromagnetic material in a state of saturation of magnetization1Magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials in the absence of external forces, BmMagnetic induction in the saturation state of magnetization, i.e. when λ of ferromagnetic materialmAnd BmWhen the stress is not sensitive, the delta mu and the stress sigma are in a linear relation; namely, it is
Calculating a stress value by measuring the magnetic conductivity variation of the buried pipeline;
(2) an AC excitation signal is applied to both ends of the primary coil of the magnetic flux sensor to generate an alternating magnetic field varying with time, and an induced voltage V is generated in the secondary coilind(t)，
(3) The magnetic flux passing through the coil is along the direction of the tested piece, the total magnetic flux is composed of the magnetic flux passing through the air and the magnetic flux passing through the steel pipe during the test, and the induced voltage Vind(t) is
In the formula of0The magnetic permeability of the medium in the tube;
is the surface area of the medium in the tube in the coil, SμThe surface area of the occupied part of the steel pipe; the induced voltage is integrated with respect to time to obtain an average time output voltage of
In the formula, Δ H is the magnetic field strength at time interval t2-t1Δ B is the magnetic field strength and the magnetic flux density at time interval t2-t1The coil has more turns and is arranged closely, so that the magnetic field is distributed uniformly, therefore
In the formula S0Is the total cross-sectional area of the coil; sfIs the cross-sectional area of the steel tube; t is the time constant of the RC circuit; in the case of no steel pipe being discharged from the coil, the integral of the output voltage over time is
Therefore, the temperature of the molten steel is controlled,
determination of the integral voltage V over a certain period of time by means of a magnetic flux sensoroutAnd V0And calculating the changed magnetic conductivity, and then calculating the stress sigma of the pipeline.
Example 2: the structure of the nondestructive monitoring and measuring device for the stress of the buried pipeline in the embodiment is basically consistent with that of the nondestructive monitoring and measuring device for the stress of the buried pipeline in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the data acquisition unit 5 is connected directly to the computer 9 (see fig. 6) using a signal transmission line instead of the wireless transmitter/receiver 6, and this embodiment is suitable for use at observation stations near pipelines and for monitoring pipe stress in remote areas where there is no or poor communication signal.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a magnetic flux sensor (1), a data acquisition instrument (5), a computer (9) and a solar power supply system (11), wherein the magnetic flux sensor (1) is arranged on the surface of a buried pipeline (2) to be detected, the magnetic flux sensor (1) is connected with the data acquisition instrument (5), the data acquisition instrument (5) is connected with the computer (9), and the data acquisition instrument (5) is externally connected with the solar power supply system (11).
2. The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a wireless transmitter/receiver (6), and the data acquisition instrument (5) is wirelessly connected with the computer (9) through the wireless transmitter/receiver (6).
3. The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the magnetic flux sensor (1) comprises a temperature sensor (12), a protective shell (13), an excitation coil (14), a measuring coil (15) and a data transmission interface (16), the temperature sensor (12) and the measuring coil (15) are arranged on the inner side of the excitation coil (14), the protective shell (13) is arranged on the outer side of the excitation coil (14), the data transmission interface (16) penetrates through the side end face of the protective shell (13), the temperature sensor (12), the excitation coil (14) and the measuring coil (15) are connected with the data transmission interface (16), and a data acquisition instrument (5) is connected with the data transmission interface (16) through a signal transmission line (3).
4. The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device of claim 3, characterized in that: the data acquisition instrument (5) is provided with a sensor interface (4), a remote data interface (7) and a power supply interface (8), the sensor interface (4) is connected with a data transmission interface (16) of the magnetic flux sensor (1) through a signal transmission line (3), the remote data interface (7) is connected with a computer (9), and the power supply interface (8) is externally connected with a solar power supply system (11).
5. The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the solar power supply system (11) comprises a solar panel (17), a solar charging and discharging controller (19), a storage battery (18) and a direct/alternating current inverter (20), wherein the solar panel (17), the storage battery (18) and the direct/alternating current inverter (20) are all connected with the solar charging and discharging controller (19), and a data acquisition instrument (5) is externally connected with the direct/alternating current inverter (20) of the solar power supply system (11).
6. The buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device for monitoring and measuring the stress of the buried pipeline in a nondestructive mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the mathematical model of the relation between the magnetic permeability change delta mu and the stress sigma of the ferromagnetic material is
Wherein λmThe magnetostriction coefficient, mu, of the ferromagnetic material in a state of saturation of magnetization1Magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials in the absence of external forces, BmMagnetic induction in the saturation state of magnetization, i.e. when λ of ferromagnetic materialmAnd BmWhen the stress is not sensitive, the delta mu and the stress sigma are in a linear relation; namely, it is
Calculating a stress value by measuring the magnetic conductivity variation of the buried pipeline;
(2) an AC excitation signal is applied to both ends of the primary coil of the magnetic flux sensor to generate an alternating magnetic field varying with time, and an induced voltage V is generated in the secondary coilind(t)，
(3) The magnetic flux passing through the coil is along the direction of the tested piece, the total magnetic flux is composed of the magnetic flux passing through the air and the magnetic flux passing through the steel pipe during the test, and the induced voltage Vind(t) is
In the formula of0The magnetic permeability of the medium in the tube;
is the surface area of the medium in the tube in the coil, SμThe surface area of the occupied part of the steel pipe; the induced voltage is integrated with respect to time to obtain an average time output voltage of
In the formula, Δ H is the magnetic field strength at time interval t2-t1Δ B is the magnetic field strength and the magnetic flux density at time interval t2-t1The coil has more turns and is arranged closely, so that the magnetic field is distributed uniformly, therefore
In the formula S0Is the total cross-sectional area of the coil; sfIs the cross-sectional area of the steel tube; t is the time constant of the RC circuit; in the case of no steel pipe being discharged from the coil, the integral of the output voltage over time is
Therefore, the temperature of the molten steel is controlled,
determination of the integral voltage V over a certain period of time by means of a magnetic flux sensoroutAnd V0And calculating the changed magnetic conductivity, and then calculating the stress sigma of the pipeline.
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| CN112504112A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 西南石油大学 | Safety pipe ring and method for monitoring pipeline strain in mountainous area |
| CN112924080A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 西南石油大学 | Pipeline stress monitoring system and method |
| CN113670482A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 山东大学 | Nondestructive testing device and method for stress of inner wall of pipeline |
| CN114060610A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-02-18 | 西南石油大学 | Buried pipeline protection device for heavy vehicle rolling |
| CN115290227A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-04 | 四川大学 | Method and device for detecting stress of shale gas pipeline in mountainous area |
| CN116702564A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-05 | 西南石油大学 | Self-leakage magnetic field calculation method considering pipeline characteristics |
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