CN109799279A - A kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring method, 1) collection conduit basic information, the position that stress concentration may occur tentatively is judged；2) determine pipeline route and buried depth: range estimation pipeline path clears up sundries, using pipe locator detective path, plays status stake, while measuring buried depth of pipeline；3) data the acquisition of magnetic signal: are acquired along the routing demarcated using non-contact scanning magnetometer；4) the analysis processing of data: determine that pipe stress concentrates axial position and the circumferential direction position at position；5) pipe stress detection and monitoring: in the stress concentration point surface of pipeline circumferentially adhering resistance strain sheets, it can determine the stress concentration point stress value then in conjunction with stress-strain relation；Carried out data transmission using general packet radio service technology, realizes the remote transmission and control of data.The present invention overcomes the deficiency that pipe stress centrostigma and its stress value can not be accurately positioned in existing ferromagnetic pipeline stress mornitoring, omission factor is substantially reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of detection method fields, and in particular to the stress mornitoring of the buried ferromagnetic conduit of petroleum gas with
Monitoring method.
Background technique
The destruction that material occurs under alternate stress effect is known as fatigue rupture, and the alternate stress that usual material is born is far small
When strength degree under its dead load, destruction may occur, and in addition material can cause stress since sectional dimension changes
Part increase, this phenomenon be known as stress concentration.For ferromagnetic conduit buried for petroleum gas, stress concentration is easy to make
Its mechanical property changes, and corrosion resistance decline, fatigue strength enhancing, fatigue life reduction etc. is finally caused to influence, and this is often
It is difficult to be found, therefore is badly in need of a kind of method that ferromagnetic conduit stress concentration portion position can be accurately positioned.
Metal magnetic memory detection technology can be divided into contactless and contact Magnetic testi technology, and testing principle is when ferromagnetic
Property component by external load act on when, under the excitation in earth magnetic field, will stress and deformation concentrated area have
The magnetic domain tissue orientation of magnetoelastic properties and irreversible reorientation, and the reorientation of magnetic field tissue will lead in component
Portion generates new magnetic state, and the position that microdefect has been remembered in this magnetic state of metal component surface or stress is concentrated is that is, golden
Belong to Metal magnetic memory (Metal Magnetic Memory effect) ISO 24497-1-2007 " non-destructive testing-metallic magnetic note
Recall ".The axial position of the stress concentration portion position of pipeline, contact Magnetic testi skill can be accurately positioned in Non-contact Magnetic detection technique
Art can be accurately positioned pipe stress and concentrate the circumferential position at position that outlet pipe can be accurately positioned by the combined use of the two
Road stress concentration point.
After pipe stress centrostigma has been accurately positioned, by combining ess-strain electric detecting technology, it may be implemented to this
The remote real-time monitoring of point stress-strain state, provides realistic basis for pipeline operation management.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring methods, overcome existing ferromagnetism
Pipe stress detection and various drawbacks in monitoring method, can not such as be accurately positioned pipe stress centrostigma and its stress value；Benefit
Uniform magnetization is carried out to ferromagnetic pipeline with earth magnetic field, magnetic field signal when in conjunction with ferromagnetic pipeline by stress is special
Point can accurately find pipe stress centrostigma, enormously simplify detection process；Meanwhile omission factor substantially reduces, and safe operation
Devoid of risk is easy to field conduct.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring method, comprising the following steps:
1) collection conduit basic information: checking pipe design, conduit running and the operation file analyzed in region to be measured,
According to pipe design pressure and operating pressure, and combine pipeline own characteristic, to pipeline may occur the position of stress concentration into
The preliminary judgement of row；
2) pipeline route and buried depth are determined: the path of pipe under test is estimated, and by the sundries of conduit axis both sides
It is cleared up, while the landform of pipeline (banker, marshland, highway, river etc.) is recorded with building, after being convenient for
The detection calibration of continuous pipeline path；Using test pile as starting point, pipeline path is detected using pipe locator, in addition, in order to make acquisition
Magnetic signal can more acurrate performance pipe stress situation, at interval of beating status from 50 meters and channel bend since the starting point of path
Stake, while buried depth of pipeline is measured at each status stake；The progress that work is backtracked for the ease of subsequent excavation, utilizes global location
System (GPS) demarcates pipeline route, and records to detection zero point (and routing starting point), status stake point and milestone；
3) acquisition of magnetic signal: data are acquired along the routing demarcated using non-contact scanning magnetometer, and are remembered in real time
Record the relevant informations such as the relative distance of ground interference mark；
4) the analysis processing of data: magnetic flux leakage can be had according to stress raiser, and the tangential component of the magnetic flux leakage can go out
Existing maximum value, normal component can reindexing and the phenomenon that zero-crossing values point, amplitude in conjunction with magnetic signal exception and in background value
The distribution shape of upper magnetic intensity vector, and then determine that pipe stress concentrates the axial position at position, it is then excavated, later
Using contact Magnetic testi technology similarly determine pipe stress concentrate position circumferential position, i.e., what time direction；
5) pipe stress detects: in the stress concentration point surface of pipeline circumferentially adhering resistance strain sheets, then in conjunction with answering
Stress-strain relationship can determine the stress concentration point stress value；
6) pipe stress monitors: the change in resistance generated by resistance strain gage with pipe deforming, by data conversion treatment
Device and automatic control box complete amplification, conversion, transmission, storage and the automatic measurement of data jointly, and utilize general grouped wireless
Service technology (GPRS) mode carries out data transmission, and realizes the remote transmission and control of data.
As Villari (Villari) effect of physics it is found that metallurgy present on ferromagnetic conduit and mechanical defect meeting
Cause the variation of the region inner tube body stress, and then field of magnetic forece in neighbouring and neighboring area is caused to change；In conjunction with ferromagnetic
When property workpiece is by stress, there can be magnetic flux leakage in stress raiser, and the tangential component of the magnetic flux leakage will appear maximum
The phenomenon that value, normal component reindexing and zero-crossing values point, pipe stress concentrated part can be accurately found, at this time with patch strain
Piece method measures its stress value, and the monitoring to ferromagnetic conduit stress can be realized；Thus, it does not need in operation special
Magnetizing equipment, but this huge natural magnet magnetizes ferromagnetic conduit using the earth.
Since Non-contact Magnetic detection technique uses the very high sensor of sensitivity, in order to avoid doing for externally-applied magnetic field
It disturbs, operator cannot dress ferromagnetism ornaments and other electronic products with it, simultaneously because non-contact scanning magnetometer
With GPS positioning function, therefore do not have to the travel speed during control magnetic signal acquisition, improves detection accuracy and efficiency；
In addition to this, it is also necessary to remove the sundries of conduit axis, and ensure to beat status stake right above conduit axis (right above pipeline
Magnetic field more can reflect pipeline feature)；
In order to keep detection data more accurate, at interval of beating status from 50 meters and channel bend since the starting point of path
Stake, to avoid missing inspection；In data processing, the ferromagnetic structure building pair above pipeline should be rejected as far as possible
As a result influence；
Under the premise of stress concentration point circumferential direction position has been determined, only need to paste a foil gauge can be carried out measuring,
What time square strain gauge adhesion direction and the circumferential position for the pipe stress centrostigma for using contact Magnetic testi technology to determine be (i.e.
To) be consistent.
Monitoring system is integrated by hardware platform, module, software systems and development platform form.Wherein (1) hardware platform master
Include: foil gauge, connection bridge, digital analog converter, amplifier, data collecting instrument, screening arrangement, battery pack, lightning protection device,
Automatic collection and long-range transmission to resistance-strain data may be implemented in wireless transport module and computer composition；(2) module collection
At mainly including hardware system module: strain acquirement device, automatic control box, unlimited GPRS transmission module, solar cell for supplying power
Module, lightning protection device and monitoring host computer；(3) software system module: data acquisition module, map data module, database maintenance
Module, automatic alarm module and network control module.Professional software is the system management software, should have storage, analysis, display each
The function of kind of data, element include mathematical mechanical model building, the determination of space-time frame of reference, the input of metadata, feature and
Analysis, data acquisition, data analysis, graphic analyses, space querying, Visualization and graphical user circle of relationship between layer
Face etc.；(4) development platform is provided mainly to the mathematical mechanical model building of various pipeline GIS-Geographic Information System and risk environment
Platform, analysis platform and user interface based on various theories of mechanics.
The effect of data translation processor is under the action of microprocessor by the A/D converter of acquisition, temperature sensor
Data be converted into unified industrial bus interface, and carry out data transmission under the instruction of component computer control, data are deposited
The operation such as storage and initial value design.The wherein function that there is automatic control box control sensor to realize automatic measurement, automatically save data
Can, and the remote transmission and control of data can be realized in the place of mobile network's covering by adjunction wireless GPRS module.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention overcomes pipe stress can not be accurately positioned in existing ferromagnetic pipeline stress mornitoring and monitoring method
Centrostigma and the deficiency for measuring stress value；
2, the present invention utilizes uniform magnetization of the earth magnetic field to ferromagnetic pipeline, is answered masterpiece in conjunction with ferromagnetic pipeline
The magnetic field signal feature of used time can accurately find pipe stress centrostigma, enormously simplify detection process；
3, the present invention combine metal magnetic memory detection technology and ess-strain electric detecting technology, the stress monitoring system of design,
Pipe stress can be monitored in real time and concentrate position stress-strain state, and realize the remote transmission and control of data.
4, the present invention is by demarcating pipeline route, and status stake is played at 50 meters and channel bend, drops significantly
Low omission factor, and safe operation devoid of risk, are easy to field conduct.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 8000 underground pipeline finder pictorial diagram of Lei Di；
Fig. 2 is that contactless Magnetic testi technological orientation pipe stress concentrates position operation chart；
Fig. 3 is MMM equipment pictorial diagram；
Fig. 4 is data collection and signal A/D transfer principle figure.
Specific embodiment
A kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring of the invention and monitoring method, comprising the following steps:
(1) pipeline foundation information is determined
Check pipe design, conduit running and the operation file analyzed in region to be measured, and the characteristics of according to pipeline, it is right
The position that stress concentration may occur for pipeline is tentatively judged.
(2) pipeline route and buried depth are determined
The path of pipe under test is estimated, and the sundries of conduit axis both sides is cleared up, while to pipeline week
The landform enclosed is recorded with building, is demarcated convenient for the detection in subsequent pipeline path；Use 8000 underground pipeline finder of thunder enlightening
Pipeline path is detected, global positioning system (GPS) is recycled to determine path clustering point or temporal reference mark position, Yi Jijian
Zero point is surveyed, it, need to be at interval of 50 meters and channel bend in order to enable the more acurrate performance pipe stress situation of magnetic signal of acquisition
Status stake is played at place, and buried depth of pipeline is measured at each status stake.
8000 underground pipeline finder of thunder enlightening connects the anode of transmitter as shown in Figure 1, during detecting pipeline path
Cathode protection device, cathode ground connection are connect, and selects frequency for 33KHz, then carries out inserting tube using receiver, first selection valley
Mode finds the specific location of pipeline, and after finding pipeline, reselection peak-mode determines the trend and buried depth of pipeline, repeats
Positioning accuracy can be improved in aforesaid operations, and status stake is finally played right above determining conduit axis and carries out routing indicator.
(3) acquisition of magnetic signal
Operator acquires data, magnetometer automatic sensing pipe using non-contact scanning magnetometer along the routing demarcated
Magnetic field stress value right above road axis, and input and complete to save in the memory of magnetometer；Record ground interference in real time simultaneously
The relevant informations such as the relative distance of mark, and starting point to data collected and terminal should have apparent mark (as tested
Stake, milestone etc.), the development for surveying stress work is excavated convenient for the later period, process is as shown in Figure 2.
(4) the analysis processing of data
1) identified sign concentrates axial position: the amplitude in conjunction with magnetic signal exception and the magnetic intensity vector on background value
Distribution shape determines that pipe stress concentrates the axial position at position.
2) identified sign concentrates circumferential position: concentrating axial position to be excavated in pipe stress, then utilizes contact
Magnetic testi technology (MMM equipment) determine pipe stress concentrate position circumferential position, i.e., what time direction.
MMM equipment is in kind as shown in figure 3, in the detection process, connecting equipment first and being switched on, trolley is placed on pipeline
Then surface presses " start/stop " button and enters data acquisition scheme, then press " enter " button and start to acquire, at this time with small
Sensor is installed below the speed sliding machine for being equal to 1cm/s, the trolley, automatic collection is understood in sliding process and is saved
Data press " start/stop " button again after the completion of acquisition, complete acquisition, import data to computer, analyzed using MMM soft
The analysis and processing of part progress data.It needs to keep trolley driving path and conduit axis in the same plane in the detection process
In parallel, it and since the diameter change of pipeline is larger, in the actual operation process, in order to ensure the integrality of data acquisition, needs
Change small truck position and repeat the above steps and is detected.
Foil gauge is pasted in the stress concentration point pipe surface having determined, patch direction is concentrated with pipe stress is had determined that
The circumferential position consistency at position can determine the stress concentration point stress value then in conjunction with stress-strain relation, wherein
Stress concentration point stress: σ=E ε；
In formula: E --- elasticity modulus, MPa；
ε --- stress concentration point strain, dimensionless are usually indicated with %；
σ --- stress concentration point stress, MPa.
Data collection and signal A/D conversion: select the standard of precision voltage source of high stable that can guarantee the standard of test result
True property, this detection use amplification factor for 100 times of meter specially amplifier.A/D converter selects 16 to have I2C interface
The benchmark of micro energy lose converter, A/D converter selects the external reference-voltage source of electric bridge to reduce reference voltage to measurement result
Bring influences, and working principle is as shown in Fig. 4.
(5) signal wireless transmission and reception (control room) real-time display:
Position is concentrated to install 2 groups of wireless GPRS module in pipe stress, 2 groups of power module, power supply is using lithium battery and too
Positive energy battery pack switching mode power supply, all monitoring data are sent to monitoring center by wireless GPRS network, soft by monitoring
Part carries out generating date, publication, realizes real-time online monitoring to the pipeline stress condition at scene.Monitoring software have transfinite
Warning function after setting the alarm threshold of strain gauge, when measurement data exceeds the thresholding, can send real-time measurement values to
On specified phone number.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring and monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
1) collection conduit basic information: checking pipe design, conduit running and the operation file analyzed in region to be measured, according to
Pipe design pressure and operating pressure, and pipeline own characteristic is combined, the position that stress concentration may occur to pipeline carries out just
Step judgement；
2) pipeline route and buried depth are determined: the path of pipe under test is estimated, and the sundries of conduit axis both sides is carried out
Cleaning, while the landform and building of pipeline are recorded, it is demarcated convenient for the detection in subsequent pipeline path；It is with test pile
Starting point detects pipeline path using pipe locator, in addition, the more acurrate performance pipe stress situation of magnetic signal in order to enable acquisition,
Since the starting point of path at interval of beaten from 50 meters and channel bend status stake, while at each status stake measurement pipeline bury
It is deep；Backtrack the progress of work for the ease of subsequent excavate, demarcate pipeline route using global positioning system, and to detection zero point,
Status stake point and milestone are recorded；
3) acquisition of magnetic signal: data are acquired along the routing demarcated using non-contact scanning magnetometer, and record ground in real time
The relative distance information of face interference mark；
4) the analysis processing of data: magnetic flux leakage can be had according to stress raiser, and the tangential component of the magnetic flux leakage will appear most
The phenomenon that big value, normal component meeting reindexing and zero-crossing values point, the amplitude in conjunction with magnetic signal exception and the magnetic on background value
The distribution shape of field intensity vector, and then determine that pipe stress concentrates the axial position at position, it is then excavated, is used later
Contact Magnetic testi technology similarly determine pipe stress concentrate position circumferential position, i.e., what time direction；
5) pipe stress detects: in the stress concentration point surface of pipeline circumferentially adhering resistance strain sheets, answering then in conjunction with stress
Change relationship can determine the stress concentration point stress value；
6) pipe stress monitor: the change in resistance generated by resistance strain gage with pipe deforming, by data translation processor with
Automatic control box completes amplification, conversion, transmission, storage and the automatic measurement of data jointly, and utilizes general packet radio service
Technology carries out data transmission, and realizes the remote transmission and control of data.
2. a kind of ferromagnetic conduit stress mornitoring as described in claim 1 and monitoring method, which is characterized in that the status stake is set
Right above conduit axis.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110702778A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-17 | 沈阳工业大学 | Oil-gas pipeline surface crack defect safety assessment method based on weak magnetic method |
| CN111637367A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-08 | 西南石油大学 | Detection and evaluation method for corrosion defects in mountain gas transmission pipeline |
| CN111985133A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | 湖南机油泵股份有限公司 | Method for measuring internal pressure of hydraulic rotating machine and stress strain of rotating component |
| CN111999176A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-11-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device and monitoring method |
| CN113375846A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-10 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for quickly detecting axial stress of pipeline |
| CN115932031A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-04-07 | 国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司油气储运技术分公司 | Non-contact pipe stress measuring device |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110702778A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-17 | 沈阳工业大学 | Oil-gas pipeline surface crack defect safety assessment method based on weak magnetic method |
| CN111637367A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-08 | 西南石油大学 | Detection and evaluation method for corrosion defects in mountain gas transmission pipeline |
| CN111637367B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-03-09 | 西南石油大学 | Detection and evaluation method for corrosion defects in mountain gas transmission pipeline |
| CN111985133A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-24 | 湖南机油泵股份有限公司 | Method for measuring internal pressure of hydraulic rotating machine and stress strain of rotating component |
| CN111999176A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-11-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Buried pipeline stress nondestructive monitoring and measuring device and monitoring method |
| CN113375846A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-10 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for quickly detecting axial stress of pipeline |
| CN113375846B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-12-03 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for quickly detecting axial stress of pipeline |
| CN115932031A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-04-07 | 国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司油气储运技术分公司 | Non-contact pipe stress measuring device |
| CN115932031B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-07-28 | 国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司油气储运技术分公司 | Non-contact type pipe stress measuring device |
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Application publication date: 20190524 |
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