Tread brake device convenient to wearing and tearing discernment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking systems, in particular to a tread braking device convenient for wear identification.
Background
With the increasing development of technology, the brake system of most rail vehicles uses a tread brake structure; patent CN 206327382U discloses a rail vehicle electric tread stopper promptly, it includes the brake shoe, along with the position pushing head, the dust cover, the casing, the power seat, the drive division, a sensor, adjust the pole, the spacing ring, the compensation motor, compensation mechanism, the wiring box, automatically controlled storehouse, brake spring, the push rod, power seat and drive division set up in the open chamber of casing, the front end of adjusting the pole inserts the step hole of drive division until inserting in the cavity of power seat, rear end and sensor UNICOM, the rear end of push rod inserts in the centre bore of adjusting the pole, the front end can be freely removed insert along with the position pushing head in the centre bore, brake spring overlaps and establishes on the push rod, automatically controlled storehouse sets up in the space on casing upper portion.
In the tread braking structure, the kinetic energy of the rail vehicle is converted into frictional heat energy through the friction between the wheel tread and the brake shoe block, and the aim of stopping the vehicle is finally fulfilled, so that the brake shoe block is abraded; with the increase of the braking times, the brake pad will be gradually thinned until the use limit of the brake pad is reached; at present, wear detection of a brake pad is generally a mode of using an electronic control alarm, such as patent CN204704298U or patent CN207080537U, but the cost is high, and the method is difficult to popularize and apply.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the tread braking device convenient for wear identification, which is beneficial to identifying the brake shoe reaching the wear limit in the maintenance process, thereby ensuring the driving safety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tread braking device convenient for wear identification comprises a rod seat, a push rod driven by a power mechanism to penetrate through the rod seat in a reciprocating sliding mode and a brake shoe assembly, wherein the brake shoe assembly comprises a mounting seat and a shoe body which is fixed on the mounting seat and used for being in contact with a wheel tread to generate braking friction force, and the tail end of the push rod is connected with the mounting seat; the middle part of the outer side surface of the mounting seat is provided with a first groove, the middle part of the inner side surface of the tile body is provided with a second groove corresponding to the first groove, and the first groove and the second groove are communicated and jointly form a closed coating chamber for filling colored coating.
Still further, the height of the second groove is less than 1/10 the thickness of the pad body.
Furthermore, a feeding hole is formed in the inner side surface of the mounting seat and communicated with the first groove, and a sealing bolt matched with the feeding hole in a threaded mode is arranged in the feeding hole.
Further, the depth of the chip grooves is 1/2-4/5 of the thickness of the tile body.
Furthermore, the chip grooves are uniformly distributed on the tile body.
Furthermore, an upper sliding groove and a lower sliding groove are symmetrically formed in the rod seat from top to bottom, an arc-shaped sliding groove communicated with the upper sliding groove and the lower sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the right end in the rod seat, and an oil feeding mechanism and an oil collecting mechanism are respectively arranged on the upper side of the left part and the lower side of the left part of the rod seat;
the oil feeding mechanism comprises an oil storage cavity which is arranged on the upper side of the left part of the rod seat and communicated with the upper chute, an oil control ring which is arranged between the oil storage cavity and the upper chute, an oil ring which is fixedly connected into the upper part of the oil storage cavity and an oil control ball which is connected to the lower side of the oil ring through a spring, the bottom ball side of the oil control ball is attached to the inner side wall of the oil control ring, and the bottommost part of the oil control ball is positioned in the upper chute;
the oil collecting mechanism comprises an oil collecting channel which is arranged on the lower side of the left part of the rod seat and communicated with the lower chute, an oil collecting cavity which is arranged on the lower side of the left part of the rod seat and communicated with the oil collecting channel and positioned on the lower side of the oil collecting channel, a piston which is arranged in the oil collecting cavity and matched with the oil collecting cavity, and a plug rod which is arranged on the bottom side of the piston, wherein a one-way oil inlet valve is arranged between the oil collecting channel and the oil collecting cavity, an oil guide channel which is communicated with the oil collecting cavity and the oil storage cavity is arranged in the left part of the rod seat, a one-way oil outlet valve is arranged between the oil guide channel and the oil collecting cavity, and the bottom end of the plug rod penetrates out of the oil collecting cavity and is provided with guide rods in the front and the back;
the side wall of the circumference of the middle part of the push rod is provided with a slide block in sliding fit with the upper sliding groove, the lower sliding groove and the arc-shaped sliding groove, the left part of the push rod is vertically and rotatably connected with a connecting piece through a rotating ring, the bottom end of the connecting piece is vertically provided with a guide piece, and a guide opening which is inclined and is in sliding fit with the guide rod is formed in the guide piece.
Furthermore, an oil injection pipe communicated with the oil storage cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the upper side of the left part of the rod seat, and a threaded cover is connected to the upper end of the oil injection pipe in a threaded manner; lubricating oil can be conveniently injected into the oil storage cavity.
Furthermore, the inner side wall of the circumference of the oil control ring is provided with a binding surface which is attached to the spherical surface of the oil control ball; the sealing performance between the oil control ring and the oil control ball is improved, and therefore the oil control effect is achieved.
Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged between the one-way oil outlet valve and the oil collecting cavity; prevent materials such as oil residue from entering the oil guide passage, and improve the cleanliness of lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity.
Furthermore, the left part of the push rod is provided with an annular concave sliding groove, and the circumferential inner side wall of the rotating ring is rotatably connected with a plurality of groups of balls in sliding fit with the annular concave sliding groove through a plurality of groups of rotating shafts; the rotary ring is connected with the push rod in a rotating way.
Furthermore, a limiting hole is formed in the middle of the connecting piece, a limiting rod is arranged on the lower portion of the left side of the rod seat, and the left end of the limiting rod penetrates through the limiting hole; the connecting piece can only move along the direction of the limiting rod, so that the moving stability of the guide vane is improved.
Further, the oil guide passage is arc-shaped.
In summary, compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, through the arrangement of the coating chamber, after the tile body is fixedly connected to the mounting seat, the first groove and the second groove are matched to form the closed coating chamber, the coating chamber is filled with the colored coating, when the tile body is worn to expose the second groove, the colored coating flows out and dyes the wheel tread with colors, and a worker can quickly judge the wear degree of the brake tile through the color of the wheel tread during maintenance, so that the brake tile reaching the wear limit is identified, the maintenance efficiency is improved, and the driving safety is ensured.
Secondly, the invention enables the sliding block to intermittently enter the upper chute by setting the interval time for rotating the push rod, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the push rod, realizing the intermittent injection of lubricating oil between the push rod and the rod seat by the oil feeding mechanism, and reducing the abrasion between the push rod and the rod seat.
Thirdly, the oil collecting mechanism is used for recycling the lubricating oil and reducing the loss of the lubricating oil when the push rod moves in a reciprocating mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the invention with the exception of the brake shoe assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the stick base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 3;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Examples
The tread braking device convenient for wear identification of the embodiment is as follows, referring to FIGS. 1-4: the brake shoe assembly comprises a rod seat 1, a push rod 2 driven by a power mechanism to penetrate through the rod seat 1 in a reciprocating sliding mode and a brake shoe assembly, wherein the brake shoe assembly comprises a mounting seat 31 and a shoe body 32 which is fixed on the mounting seat 31 and used for being in contact with a wheel tread to generate braking friction force, and the tail end of the push rod 2 is connected to the mounting seat 31; the middle part of the outer side surface of the mounting seat 31 is provided with a first groove 31a, the middle part of the inner side surface of the pad body 32 is provided with a second groove 32a corresponding to the first groove 31a, and the first groove 31a and the second groove 32a are communicated and jointly form a closed coating chamber 33 for filling colored coating.
The rod seat 1 can be cylindrical, and the middle part of the rod seat is axially provided with a sliding pore channel matched with the push rod 2; the power mechanism may be an inductive structure shown in CN 206327382U, or an electric push rod structure (the head end of the push rod 2 is in transmission connection with the electric push rod), and only the reciprocating movement of the push rod 2 is required. The mounting seat 31 is used for mounting the pad body 32, and the pad body 32 is a friction piece. The first groove 31a is formed by recessing the outer surface of the mounting seat 31 inward (toward the push rod 2), and the second groove 32a is formed by recessing the inner surface of the pad body 32 outward (toward the tread surface). The tile body 32 can be fixedly connected to the mounting seat 31 through a countersunk head bolt, after the tile body 32 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 31, the first groove 31a and the second groove 32a are matched to form a closed (relatively sealed with the outside world) coating chamber 33, colored coating (for example, red coating) is filled in the coating chamber 33, when the tile body 32 is worn to expose the second groove 32a, the colored coating flows out and dyes the wheel tread with color, a worker can quickly judge the wear degree of the brake tile 32 through the color of the wheel tread during maintenance, so that the brake tile reaching the wear limit is identified, the maintenance efficiency is improved, and the driving safety is guaranteed. For example, the height of the second groove 32a may be less than 1/5 of the thickness of the pad body 32.
A feeding hole 34 is formed in the inner side surface of the mounting seat 31, the feeding hole 34 is communicated with the first groove 31a, and a sealing bolt 35 in threaded fit with the feeding hole 34 is arranged in the feeding hole; the colored paint can be filled through the feeding hole 34, so that the operation is convenient.
In this embodiment, the upper chute 41 and the lower chute 42 are symmetrically provided in the rod base 1, and the arc chute 5 communicating the upper chute 41 and the lower chute 42 is provided in the right end side wall in the rod base 1. The upper chute 41, the lower chute 42 and the arc chute 5 are all arranged in the sliding pore passage. The directions of "up", "down", "left" and "right" are based on the directions shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The upper side of the left part and the lower side of the left part of the rod seat 1 are respectively provided with an oil feeding mechanism and an oil collecting mechanism.
The oil feeding mechanism comprises an oil storage cavity 6 which is arranged on the upper side of the left part of the rod seat 1 and communicated with the upper chute 41, an oil control ring 7 which is arranged between the oil storage cavity 6 and the upper chute 41, an oil ring 8 which is fixedly connected in the upper part of the oil storage cavity 6 and an oil control ball 10 which is connected to the lower side of the oil ring 8 through a spring 9, wherein the bottom ball side of the oil control ball 10 is attached to the inner side wall of the oil control ring 7, and the bottommost part of the oil control ball is positioned in the upper chute 41. The oil ring 8 can be fixedly sleeved with a cross and is fixedly connected to the upper part of the oil storage cavity 6 through the cross.
The oil collecting mechanism comprises an oil collecting channel 11 which is arranged on the lower side of the left part of the rod seat 1 and communicated with the lower chute 42, an oil collecting cavity 12 which is arranged on the lower side of the left part of the rod seat 1 and communicated with the oil collecting channel 11 and is positioned on the lower side of the oil collecting channel 11, a piston 13 which is arranged in the oil collecting cavity 12 and is matched with the oil collecting cavity, and a plug rod 14 which is arranged on the bottom side of the piston 13, wherein a one-way oil inlet valve 15 is arranged between the oil collecting channel 11 and the oil collecting cavity 12, an oil guide channel 16 which is communicated with the oil collecting cavity 12 and the oil storage cavity 6 is arranged in the left part of the rod seat 1, a one-way oil outlet valve 17 is arranged between the oil guide channel 16 and the oil collecting cavity 12, and the bottom end of the plug rod 14 penetrates through the oil collecting cavity 12 and is provided with guide rods 18 in the front and back. The oil guide passage 16 is preferably arc-shaped.
The side wall of the circumference of the middle part of the push rod 2 is provided with a slide block 19 which is in sliding fit with the upper chute 41, the lower chute 42 and the arc chute 5, the left part of the push rod 2 is vertically and rotatably connected with a connecting piece 21 through a rotating ring 20, the bottom end of the connecting piece 21 is vertically provided with a guide vane 22, and the guide vane 22 is provided with a guide opening 23 which is inclined and is in sliding fit with the guide rod 18. The guide vanes 22 may be two sets symmetrically arranged front and back, and the guide bar 18 is rotatably sleeved on the upper sliding sleeve, so as to improve the smoothness of the sliding.
Wherein, the outer wall of the upper side of the left part of the rod seat 1 is provided with an oil injection pipe 24 communicated with the oil storage cavity 6, and the upper end of the oil injection pipe 24 is in threaded connection with a threaded cover 25; the lubricating oil can be conveniently injected into the oil storage chamber 6. The inner side wall of the circumference of the oil control ring 7 is provided with a binding surface which is attached to the spherical surface of the oil control ball 10; the joint surface is arc-shaped, so that the sealing performance between the oil control ring 7 and the oil control ball 1 is improved, and the oil control effect is achieved. A filter screen 26 is arranged between the one-way oil outlet valve 17 and the oil collecting cavity 12; prevents oil residue and other substances from entering the oil guide passage 16, and improves the cleanliness of lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 6. The left part of the push rod 2 is provided with an annular concave chute, and the circumferential inner side wall of the rotating ring 20 is rotationally connected with a plurality of groups of balls 27 which are in sliding fit with the annular concave chute through a plurality of groups of rotating shafts; the rotary ring 20 is connected with the push rod 2 in a rotating way. A limiting hole is formed in the middle of the connecting piece 21, a limiting rod 28 is arranged at the lower part of the left side of the rod seat 1, and the left end of the limiting rod 28 penetrates through the limiting hole; so that the connecting piece 21 can only move along the direction of the limiting rod 28, thereby improving the moving stability of the guide vane 22.
Under the ordinary working state, when the push rod 2 is stressed and reciprocates along the axial direction of the rod seat 1, the slide block 19 synchronously reciprocates in the lower chute 42, the push rod 2 drives the pad body 32 to synchronously move, and the friction action between the pad body 32 and the wheel tread forms braking; after tile body 32 worn out to a certain degree, colored coating flowed out promptly and dyed the colour with the wheel tread, and the staff can judge the degree of wear of braking tile 32 fast through the colour of wheel tread when overhauing.
After the push rod 2 normally reciprocates for a period of time, the position of the push rod 2 can be adjusted in a manual or other electric mode, at the moment, the push rod 2 moves rightwards, so that the slide block 19 slides between the lower slide groove 42 and the arc-shaped slide groove 5, then the push rod 2 is driven to rotate 180 degrees, the slide block 19 slides between the arc-shaped slide groove 5 and the upper slide groove 41 along the arc-shaped slide groove 5, then the push rod 2 moves leftwards, so that the slide block 19 moves along the upper slide groove 41, when the slide block 19 moves between the upper slide groove 41 and the oil storage cavity 6, the oil blocking ball 10 is extruded, so that the oil blocking ball 10 moves upwards, and meanwhile, the spring 9 is further compressed, so that a gap appears between the oil blocking ball 10 and the oil blocking ring 7, and lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 6 enters the upper slide groove 41 through the gap, and then enters between the push rod 2 and the rod seat 1; the oiling operation can be completed at one time, and the intermittent oiling operation can be maintained along with the reciprocating movement of the push rod 2 at the position for a period of time, so that the lubricating oil can be automatically and intermittently injected between the push rod 2 and the rod seat 1, and the abrasion between the push rod and the rod seat is reduced; after oiling is finished, the push rod 2 is driven to reset, namely the push rod 2 is moved rightwards, and then the push rod 2 is rotated by 180 degrees, so that the slide block 19 is reset into the lower slide groove 42. By arranging the oil collecting channel 11, redundant lubricating oil between the push rod 2 and the rod seat 1 can be collected; when the push rod 2 reciprocates left and right, the guide vane 22 is driven to reciprocate through the switching action of the swivel 20 and the connecting action of the connecting piece 21, and the plug rod 14 is driven to reciprocate up and down through the sliding fit of the guide rod 18 and the guide port 23 which is obliquely arranged, so that the piston 13 reciprocates up and down in the oil collecting cavity 12; through the cooperation of the one-way oil inlet valve 15 and the one-way oil outlet valve 17, when the piston 13 moves downwards, the lubricating oil in the oil collecting channel 11 is sucked into the oil collecting cavity 12, and when the piston 13 moves upwards, the lubricating oil in the oil collecting channel 11 is squeezed into the oil guide channel 16, so that the recovered lubricating oil is continuously squeezed into the oil guide channel 16 through the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the piston 13 and is finally discharged into the oil storage cavity 6, thereby realizing the recycling of the lubricating oil and reducing the loss of the lubricating oil. After a period of use, the used lubricating oil can be taken out from the oil storage cavity 6 and replaced, and the filter screen 26 is replaced at the same time; it is of course also possible to replace the lubricating oil by removing the piston 13. The system can intermittently enter the upper chute 41 through setting the interval time for rotating the push rod 2, so that the push rod 2 reciprocates, the lubricating oil is intermittently injected between the push rod 2 and the rod seat 1 by the oil feeding mechanism, and the abrasion between the push rod and the rod seat is reduced; meanwhile, through the oil collecting mechanism, when the push rod 2 moves in a reciprocating mode, the lubricating oil is recycled, and the loss of the lubricating oil is reduced.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.