CN111996636A

CN111996636A - Yarn capable of realizing complete degradation, zipper cloth belt and zipper

Info

Publication number: CN111996636A
Application number: CN202010895347.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王鑫
Original assignee: Zhejiang Weixing Industrial Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Weixing Industrial Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-31
Filing date: 2020-08-31
Publication date: 2020-11-27

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary materials of clothing, and provides a yarn capable of realizing complete degradation, a zipper cloth belt and a zipper, wherein the yarn capable of realizing complete degradation is a PLA filament yarn prepared from polylactic acid through a melt spinning process; the monofilament strength of the yarn is more than 2.5 cN/dtex. The invention mainly prepares degradable PLA material into yarn (PLA filament) which can be applied to weaving the zipper cloth belt, and further adjusts corresponding process parameters in the weaving process of the zipper cloth belt to prepare the completely degradable zipper cloth belt. The yarn provided by the invention can be completely degraded after being used, and the manufactured zipper cloth belt meets the use requirements of strength, dyeing and the like, and is beneficial to environmental protection. In addition, the method is simple in process and suitable for industrial popularization.

Description

Yarn capable of realizing complete degradation, zipper cloth belt and zipper

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary materials of clothing, in particular to a yarn, a zipper cloth belt and a zipper which can realize complete degradation.

Background

The zipper is one of the components of the clothing accessories and has wide application in daily clothing. As shown in fig. 1, the zipper is composed of a cloth belt 1, teeth 2 (also called as zipper teeth), a slider, an upper stop and a lower stop (including a front stop and a rear stop) or a locking piece and the like; wherein the cloth belt comprises a mesh belt and a band rib 3. The zipper cloth belt is woven by yarns, is rich in design and color, has various functions, has a decorative effect, and can play a certain functional role, such as bacteriostasis, flame retardance and the like.

At present, the common yarn material of the zipper cloth belt is terylene; polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers, and is a fiber prepared by spinning and post-processing fiber-forming high polymer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). With the development of the society and the changeful wearing function of the existing clothes, the zipper has higher requirements, particularly the environment protection, and the polyester yarns which belong to petroleum products are harmful to the environment due to the substances remained after the use and are to be replaced by the more environment-friendly yarns so as to prepare products such as zipper cloth belts and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides a yarn, a zipper tape, and a zipper, which can be completely degraded after use, and can be made into products such as zipper tapes meeting the use requirements, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

The invention provides a yarn capable of realizing complete degradation, which is a PLA filament yarn prepared by polylactic acid through a melt spinning process; the monofilament strength of the yarn is more than 2.5 cN/dtex.

Preferably, the temperature of the material baking in the melt spinning process is not more than 110 ℃, and the melting temperature is 150-180 ℃.

Preferably, the temperature of the baking material in the melt spinning process is 95-105 ℃; the oiling rate in the melt spinning process is kept between 0.4 and 0.7 percent.

Preferably, the fineness of the yarn is above 75D.

Preferably, the fineness of the yarn is 150-130D, and the F number is 144F.

The invention provides a zipper cloth belt, which comprises the yarn capable of realizing complete degradation.

Preferably, the zipper cloth belt is made of a plurality of strands of yarns capable of realizing complete degradation through a webbing process according to a pattern, and the pattern is a non-uniform pattern.

Preferably, the side lines of the zipper cloth belts are controlled to be 6-12 lines.

Preferably, the speed of the ribbon loom in the ribbon weaving process is 600-900 r/min.

The invention provides a zipper, which comprises the zipper cloth belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the yarn capable of realizing complete degradation, and the yarn is PLA filament yarn prepared from polylactic acid through a melt spinning process; the monofilament strength of the yarn is more than 2.5 cN/dtex. The invention mainly prepares degradable PLA material into yarn (PLA filament) which can be applied to weaving the zipper cloth belt, and further adjusts corresponding process parameters in the weaving process of the zipper cloth belt to prepare the completely degradable zipper cloth belt. The yarn provided by the invention can be completely degraded after being used, and the manufactured zipper cloth belt meets the use requirements of strength, dyeing and the like, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

In addition, the method is simple in process and suitable for industrial popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a zipper construction;

FIG. 2 is a view showing a weave structure of a woven pattern in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pattern repeat unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a weave of a woven pattern in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pattern repeat unit shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a weave pattern of a woven fabric in comparative example 1.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The yarn provided by the invention can be completely degraded after being used, and can be made into products such as zipper cloth belts and the like which meet the use requirements, thereby being beneficial to environmental protection.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid serving as a main raw material, has sufficient and renewable raw material sources, and is a synthetic fiber prepared by fermenting corn, cassava and the like serving as raw materials, converting the raw materials into lactic acid, polymerizing and spinning; belongs to a completely natural circulation type, and is biodegradable fiber. The fiber does not use chemical raw materials such as petroleum and the like, and the waste of the fiber can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of microorganisms in soil and seawater, so that the earth environment is not polluted. PLA fibers are burned with little carbon monoxide, and the heat of combustion is about one third of that of polyethylene and polypropylene. The production process of polylactic acid is pollution-free, and the product can be biodegraded, so that the polylactic acid can be recycled in nature, and is an ideal green high polymer material.

At present, polylactic acid fiber is mainly applied to military industry and national defense non-woven fabrics, packaging materials, medical health and health care non-woven fabrics and the like, and is usually short fiber. The conventional PLA staple fiber is mainly 75D in specification and 2.4-2.5cN/dtex in strength; when the method is used for the zipper manufacturing process, the following defects mainly exist: the strength is too small, the breaking is easy, and the production of the woven rib and the woven belt is not easy; dyeing can not be carried out; the cloth belt cannot be ironed and is easy to deform; defective products are easy to occur in tooth implantation; the strength of the finished cloth tape does not reach the standard.

The invention mainly prepares the degradable PLA material into the PLA filament yarn which is suitable for the zipper, and the prepared zipper has practicability and environmental protection. That is, the yarn capable of achieving complete degradation is a PLA filament made of polylactic acid; the preparation method of the yarn is mainly a melt spinning method, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:

after drying PLA slices, heating and extruding to melt, extruding melt from a spinneret orifice, solidifying and forming, oiling, winding, stretching and shaping, and the like to obtain PLA filaments.

In the melt spinning process, the baking material of the common material is kept at least above 120 ℃, while the temperature of the baking material of the PLA material in the embodiment of the invention is not more than 110 ℃. The invention can carry out vacuum drying on the PLA slices, the temperature is adjusted to 95-105 ℃, and the time can be 6-8 hours, so as to obtain the dried PLA material.

When the embodiment of the invention is used for melt spinning, the dried PLA material is arranged in a screw rod sleeve, heated, extruded and melted, and pressure is supplied by a metering pump, so that melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice; wherein the temperature of the screw is controlled to be 200-240 ℃ for melting and drawing the material, and the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet of the metering pump can be 220-270bar, preferably 250-270 bar. The melting temperature of the PLA material in the embodiment of the invention is generally 150-180 ℃, which is far lower than that of the common spinning process (at least 230-250 ℃), so that the yarn performance is ensured.

Then, the embodiment of the invention carries out cooling forming and oiling: and (4) spinning, extruding, solidifying, forming and oiling. Wherein, the wind speed for cooling and forming can be 0.3-0.7m/s, preferably 0.4-0.6m/s, the temperature is generally 20-30 ℃, and the humidity is 55-75%; the mixture is solidified and formed under the cooling of the side blowing air, and a slow cooling plate is preferably added to ensure that the mixture is not cooled suddenly after extrusion. Further, the oiling rate is preferably kept at 0.4% to 0.7%, such as 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.65%, etc.

In the embodiment of the invention, the oiled as-grown filament is wound to prepare the PLA pre-oriented yarn (POY). The invention has no special limitation on the winding, stretching and shaping processes, and the spinning speed can be 2000-3000r/min, such as 2000r/min, 2100r/min, 2400r/min and the like.

According to the embodiment of the invention, DTY protofilament can be prepared by stretching and twisting, and then the DTY protofilament is inverted to prepare DTY loose yarn; and finally, heating for shaping, and performing heat preservation and dehydration to obtain a finished yarn product in a tube for subsequent application. The heating and shaping and the like are steps well known to those skilled in the art; wherein, the yarn can be sealed by water injection, and the temperature is raised to 90-110 ℃ to shape the yarn. The heat preservation dehydration specifically comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ and 110 ℃ for 15-25 minutes, and dehydrating the mixture for 20-30 minutes by a centrifugal dehydrator.

The single-filament strength of the PLA yarn obtained by the preparation process of the embodiment of the invention is more than 2.5cN/dtex, and preferably between 3.0 and 3.5 cN/dtex. The fineness of the yarn is more than 75D, such as 150-130D. In some embodiments of the invention, the PLA yarn has a gauge of 150D/144F; in other embodiments, the two strands are combined to form a 300D/144F specification.

It should be noted that (D), also called "denier" or (denier), refers to the gram weight of 9000 meters of yarn or fiber at a given moisture regain, which is fixed to a fixed length unit, and the larger the gram weight, the thicker the yarn or fiber, which is usually used to represent the fineness of chemical fiber filament, real silk, etc. The yarn tex is the weight gram number of 1000m yarn at a official moisture regain, and the calculation formula is as follows: tex is 1000G/L; tex represents the warp or weft yarn tex, G represents the weight (G) at the official moisture regain, and L represents the length (m).

The PLA yarn obtained by the embodiment of the invention has the characteristics of good strength, degradability, dyeability and the like, and can be used for producing woven bars and woven belts.

The invention provides a zipper cloth belt, which comprises the yarn capable of realizing complete degradation. The zipper cloth belt can be made of pure spinning or blended fabric, preferably PLA pure spinning, can realize complete degradation, and is better in environmental protection.

In the embodiment of the invention, the zipper cloth belt is made of a plurality of yarns which can realize complete degradation through a weaving process according to patterns; the specific process is as follows:

the yarns which can realize complete degradation are led in, a pan head is beaten, then a series of procedures such as drawing-in, warping and the like are carried out according to patterns, and the woven belt obtains the zipper cloth belt with primary color.

In the embodiment of the invention, the patterns are non-uniform patterns; due to the adoption of the PLA yarn, patterns with compact structures are inconvenient to weave at present, for example, the effect of pattern cloth belts with consistent warp and weft densities is not good enough.

In addition, the speed of the ribbon loom in the ribbon weaving process is preferably 600-900 r/min; the embodiment of the invention requires low-speed production, for example, the high speed is not beneficial to weaving belts.

The zipper cloth belt comprises a woven belt (also called a cloth belt) and a band rib, namely the woven belt process comprises the woven belt and the rib weaving process. The weaving of the cloth belt and the band rib is carried out by a plurality of strands of PLA yarns according to the mode of weaving a rope; the sideline of the cloth belt is used for implanting teeth of a subsequent zipper, and the teeth are tightly meshed with the sideline. In the process of weaving the ribs (woven belts), the sidelines of the ribs are preferably controlled to be 6-12 threads in cooperation with the shrinkage rate for the smoothness and the strength effect of the cloth belt effect.

In addition, the zipper cloth belt can be made of original colors, and various colors and additional functions can be obtained through a dyeing and finishing process.

The invention provides a zipper, which comprises the zipper cloth belt. According to the embodiment of the invention, the zipper product can be prepared by carrying out tooth arrangement, size fixing, zipper head threading and the like on the finished zipper cloth belt. The environmental protection nature of zip fastener product promotes to through reducing PLA yarn shrinkage, and reduce the thickness of belted muscle, realized when the zip fastener can dye, indeformable, do not arch, do not influence zip fastener practical function, have extensive application prospect.

In order to further understand the present application, the yarn provided by the present application and the zipper tape and the zipper thereof capable of realizing complete degradation are specifically described below with reference to the examples. It should be understood, however, that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the following examples.

In the following examples, PLA slices were purchased from Natureworks, usa.

Example one

The production process of the zipper comprises the following steps: yarn making → yarn guiding → disc driving → warping → weaving → dyeing → band ironing → row of the Chinese character mi → size fixing → puller penetrating → cutting; the method comprises the following specific steps:

step one-vacuum drying: putting the PLA slices into a vacuum drier, adjusting the temperature to 97 ℃ and the time to 7.5 hours;

step two-melt extrusion: introducing the dried slices into a screw overstock machine, heating the slices through a heating element arranged on a screw sleeve, extruding and melting the slices, and controlling the temperature of the screw at 228 ℃;

step three-spinning metering: after the melt is extruded out, the melt is conveyed to a metering pump through a spinning box body, pressure is supplied through the metering pump, the melt is extruded from a spinning nozzle, and the pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the metering pump is 260 bar;

step four, cooling and forming: solidifying and forming under the cooling of side air blowing after spinning and extruding; wherein, a slow cooling plate is additionally arranged, the wind speed is 0.5m/s, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the humidity is 60 percent;

step five, oiling: the oiling rate is kept at 0.65%;

step six-winding: preparing PLA pre-oriented yarn (POY) with the spinning speed of 2000 r/min;

step seven, stretching and shaping: the DTY protofilament (about 260D) is prepared by drawing and twisting, and the specification is 233dtex/54 f;

step eight-yarn reversing: loosening the DTY protofilaments into the mesh rubber tube, controlling the yarn pouring speed at 210m/min, and forming the DTY loose yarns with the uniform weight of 0.95 KG;

step nine-sizing: stringing DTY loose yarns on a yarn rod, uniformly putting the yarn rod into a setting device, injecting pure soft water until the top of the yarn rod is covered, and sealing;

step ten-temperature rise: heating to 60 ℃ from the normal temperature, namely 2 ℃ per minute, changing the temperature to 1 ℃ per minute and heating to 90 ℃;

step eleven-heat preservation and dehydration: heating to 100 ℃, stopping heating, keeping the temperature unchanged for 16 minutes, then decompressing, cooling to normal temperature, and dehydrating for 25 minutes by using a centrifugal dehydrator;

step twelve-yarn guiding: guiding the dehydrated yarn by using yarn forming equipment, and forming the yarn into a tube at a speed of 420 m/min to 1.6 kg;

thirteen steps of pan head beating: using a precise grooved drum machine to beat pan heads, weaving 9 pan heads with ribbon ribs, wherein each pan head has one yarn, weaving the ribbon with 1 pan head, and 90 yarns;

step fourteen-warping-weaving: a series of drafting and warping work is carried out according to the patterns (shown in figures 2-3), and finally the ribbon weaving is carried out, wherein the speed of the ribbon loom is 600 r/min.

Fig. 2 is a pattern diagram, in fig. 2, white represents warp structure points, and black represents weft structure points. Fig. 3 is a brown block diagram, in which white in fig. 3 represents the fall and black in fig. 3 represents the rise, which is the movement pattern of the heald frame.

Pre-shrinking test is carried out after the cloth belt is woven: continuously ironing the cloth belt with a length of one meter by using steam at 90-95 ℃ for 3 minutes, wherein the shrinkage is 97-99 cm, the shrinkage is about 1-3%, and the zipper is relatively flat.

And dyeing is carried out next step, low-temperature dye of Desida company is adopted, the temperature is 80-100 ℃, the obtained cloth tape can be colored, and the subsequent tape ironing can be carried out (the tape ironing temperature is 90-100 ℃). The horizontal pulling strength of the zipper is 280 plus 310N, so that the use requirement of the zipper industry is met.

Example two

step one-vacuum drying: putting the PLA slices into a vacuum drier, adjusting the temperature to 100 ℃ and the time to 6 hours;

step two-melt extrusion: putting the dried slices into a screw overstock machine, heating the slices through a heating element arranged on a screw sleeve, extruding and melting the slices, and controlling the temperature of the screw at 240 ℃;

step three-spinning metering: after the melt is extruded out, the melt is conveyed to a metering pump through a spinning box body, pressure is supplied through the metering pump, the melt is extruded from a spinning nozzle, and the pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the metering pump is 270 bar;

step four, cooling and forming: solidifying and forming under the cooling of side air blowing after spinning and extruding; wherein, a slow cooling plate is additionally arranged, the wind speed is 0.37m/s, the temperature is 30 ℃, and the humidity is 65%;

step five, oiling: the oiling rate is kept at 0.4%;

step six-winding: preparing PLA pre-oriented yarn (POY) at the spinning speed of 2400 r/min;

step seven, stretching and shaping: the DTY protofilament is made by drawing and twisting, and the specification is 335dtex/72 f;

step eight-yarn reversing: loosening the DTY protofilaments into the mesh rubber tube, controlling the yarn-pouring speed at 250m/min, and forming the DTY loose yarns with the uniform weight of 1.5 KG;

step nine-sizing: stringing DTY loose yarns on a yarn rod, uniformly putting the yarn rod into a setting device, injecting pure soft water, flooding the top of the yarn rod, and sealing;

step ten-temperature rise: heating to 85 ℃ from normal temperature, namely heating to 1 ℃ per minute and 110 ℃ from 3 ℃ per minute;

step eleven-heat preservation and dehydration: heating to 110 ℃, stopping heating, keeping the temperature unchanged for 35 minutes, then decompressing, cooling to normal temperature, and dehydrating for 45 minutes by using a centrifugal dehydrator;

step twelve-yarn guiding: introducing the dehydrated yarn by using yarn forming equipment, and forming into a tube at 480 m/min to 2.5 kg;

thirteen steps of pan head beating: using a precise grooved drum machine to beat pan heads, weaving 8 pan heads with ribbon ribs, wherein each pan head has one yarn, weaving the ribbon with 1 pan head, and 85 yarns;

step fourteen-warping-weaving: a series of drafting and warping operations are carried out according to the pattern (as shown in fig. 4-5), and finally the webbing is carried out, with the speed of the ribbon loom being 1000 r/min.

In the pattern diagram 4, white represents warp structure points, and black represents weft structure points. In fig. 5, white indicates falling and black indicates rising, which is the motion pattern of the heald frame.

Pre-shrinking test after weaving the belt: continuously ironing the cloth belt with a length of one meter by using steam at 90-95 ℃ for 3 minutes, wherein the shrinkage is 97-99 cm, the shrinkage is about 1-3%, and the zipper is relatively flat.

And dyeing is carried out next step, low-temperature dye of Desida company is adopted, the temperature is 80-100 ℃, the obtained cloth tape can be colored, and the subsequent tape ironing can be carried out (the tape ironing temperature is 90-100 ℃). The horizontal pulling strength of the zipper is 550-600N, so that the industrial use requirement of the zipper is met.

Comparative example 1

Braiding with PLA staple fibers (30S/2): a series of drafting and warping work is carried out according to patterns (as shown in figure 6), and finally, the ribbon weaving machine is carried out, wherein the speed of the ribbon weaving machine is 600 and 700r/min, the machine is broken every 5 minutes on average, and the efficiency is not high.

After weaving, pre-shrinking test is carried out: one-meter long cloth belt is continuously ironed for 3 minutes at the steam temperature of 90-95 ℃, the shrinkage is 85-90 cm, and the shrinkage is about 10-15%. And (3) next dyeing is carried out, the temperature is 80-100 ℃, the cloth belt cannot be dyed, the zipper is seriously arched, the subsequent zipper ironing operation cannot flatten the whole zipper, and the detected cloth belt strength is 220 plus 270N, so that the standard of the common zipper cannot be met.

From the above examples, it can be seen that the yarn provided by the present invention is a PLA filament made of polylactic acid by a melt spinning process; the monofilament strength of the yarn is more than 2.5 cN/dtex. The invention mainly prepares degradable PLA material into yarn which can be applied to weaving the zipper cloth belt, and further adjusts corresponding process parameters in the weaving process of the zipper cloth belt to prepare the completely degradable zipper cloth belt. The yarn provided by the invention can be completely degraded after being used, and the manufactured zipper cloth belt meets the use requirements of strength, dyeing and the like, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that various modifications to these embodiments can be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications should be construed as the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The yarn capable of realizing complete degradation is characterized in that the yarn is PLA filament yarn made of polylactic acid through a melt spinning process; the monofilament strength of the yarn is more than 2.5 cN/dtex.

2. The yarn of claim 1 wherein the melt spinning process is conducted at a temperature of the material baked not exceeding 110 ℃ and a melting temperature of 150-.

3. The yarn of claim 2, wherein the melt spinning process has a bake temperature of 95-105 ℃; the oiling rate in the melt spinning process is kept between 0.4 and 0.7 percent.

4. A yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fineness of the yarn is above 75D.

5. The yarn as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fineness of the yarn is 150-130D and the F number is 144F.

6. A zipper tape comprising the yarn capable of achieving complete degradation according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The fastener tape according to claim 6, wherein the fastener tape is produced by a webbing process from a plurality of the yarns capable of achieving complete degradation according to a pattern, and the pattern is a non-uniform pattern.

8. The fastener tape of claim 7, wherein the side lines of the fastener tape are controlled to 6-12 lines.

9. The zipper tape of claim 7, wherein the tape weaving process has a tape weaving speed of 600-900 r/min.

10. A slide fastener comprising the fastener tape of any one of claims 6 to 9.