CN111996483A - Method for coating zinc protective layer on surface of workpiece - Google Patents
Method for coating zinc protective layer on surface of workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111996483A CN111996483A CN202010638741.8A CN202010638741A CN111996483A CN 111996483 A CN111996483 A CN 111996483A CN 202010638741 A CN202010638741 A CN 202010638741A CN 111996483 A CN111996483 A CN 111996483A
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- steel workpiece
- workpiece
- temperature
- protective layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for coating a zinc protective layer on the surface of a workpiece. The key is that the method comprises the following steps: a. heating the steel workpiece to be processed to 350-450 ℃, and removing stains on the surface of the steel workpiece; b. b, performing sand blasting and scouring on the steel workpiece obtained in the step a to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the steel workpiece; c. and c, carrying out zinc spraying on the steel workpiece by using high-temperature atomized zinc particles formed by the arc atomized zinc wires in the high-temperature environment of 300-380 ℃ to form a zinc protective layer on the surface of the steel workpiece. The invention implements zinc spraying operation when the workpiece is in a high-temperature state and the environment for spraying zinc is in a high temperature state, so that zinc-iron can be mutually dissolved to form a zinc-iron mutual soluble alloy layer more quickly.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for coating a protective layer on the surface of a workpiece, in particular to a method for spraying a zinc protective layer on the surface of the workpiece.
Background art:
the corrosion-prone materials are subject to corrosion to varying degrees in various applications, for example the most commonly used steel materials are very susceptible to corrosion, some of which can lead to serious accidents. Therefore, it is not only necessary but also important to add a protective or corrosion-resistant layer to the corrosion-prone material, for example, applying a zinc protective layer to a steel material member is of great significance for long-term use. At present, a plurality of process methods are used for applying a zinc layer on the surface of a steel material member, such as a solution spraying method, a wire flame spraying method, a powder flame spraying method, an explosion spraying method, a plasma spraying method and the like, wherein the process methods are generally carried out at normal temperature, the zinc layer has insufficient adhesive force on the surface of the steel material member, is easy to peel or fall off, and has low corrosion resistance; another method is a hot dipping zinc process, which is to dip a steel material member in a high-temperature zinc solution at about 500 ℃ for a period of time, so that zinc ions can diffuse into the surface layer of the steel surface to form a lamellar zinc-iron mutual soluble alloy layer, and a zinc layer is also arranged on the outer surface of the mutual soluble alloy layer. However, the hot dip galvanizing process also has some defects, such as large consumed heat energy, easy environmental pollution, and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to disclose a method for forming a zinc protective layer on the surface of a workpiece made of a corrosion-prone material by thermally spraying zinc.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: a. heating the steel workpiece to be processed to 350-450 ℃, and removing stains on the surface of the steel workpiece; b. b, performing sand blasting and scouring on the steel workpiece obtained in the step a to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the steel workpiece; c. and c, carrying out zinc spraying on the steel workpiece by using high-temperature atomized zinc particles formed by the arc atomized zinc wires in the high-temperature environment of 300-380 ℃ to form a zinc protective layer on the surface of the steel workpiece.
And c, applying a high-speed airflow with a restricted speed of 50-100 m/s to the formed high-temperature atomized zinc particles, so that the high-temperature atomized zinc particles collide with the surface of the steel workpiece at the high speed to realize collision spraying on the surface of the steel workpiece.
The restrained high-speed airflow is high-temperature high-speed airflow at the temperature of 400-450 ℃.
The heat generated by heating in the step a is transmitted to the step c by a heat circulation system, and forms a heat circulation with the step a.
And the sand grains in the step b are formed by mixing 95 percent of stainless steel sand grains and 5 percent of diamond grains or ceramic sand grains with the grain size of 100-200 mu m according to weight percentage.
And (c) after the step (b), cleaning the surface of the steel workpiece by using high-speed air flow.
And the steel workpiece coated with the zinc protective layer is subjected to heat preservation for 0.2-0.5 hour at the temperature of 300-380 ℃, and then is naturally cooled to the normal temperature state.
And c, spraying a layer of high polymer material on the surface of the steel workpiece with the zinc protective layer after the step c.
The invention discloses a technical scheme that zinc material is sprayed on the surface of a steel workpiece which is easy to corrode, because in the technical scheme, the workpiece removes surface stains such as oil stains at a higher temperature and removes an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece by a sand blasting method, the removal efficiency is very high, the sand blasting operation of the workpiece at the higher temperature is easier to form extremely fine concave parts on the surface of the workpiece, then high-temperature zinc particles atomized by electric arc at the high temperature and the surface of the steel workpiece at the high temperature are easier to form an alloy area which mutually permeates or dissolves, or other zinc wire atomizing modes such as laser zinc wire high-temperature atomization and the like can be used, because the active energy and the active radius of iron atoms, zinc atoms or zinc ions of the steel workpiece at the high temperature are larger, particularly, atomized zinc particles at a certain speed impact the surface of the steel workpiece, and zinc particles can be formed at an interface to be embedded into the surface of the steel, in addition, the extremely fine concave parts on the surface of the steel workpiece greatly increase the bonding force between the zinc protective layer and the surface of the steel workpiece, greatly improve the corrosion resistance of the steel workpiece, and compared with various process methods in the prior art, the technical scheme can greatly reduce energy consumption and pollution particularly compared with a hot dip galvanizing process. The key point of the technical scheme is that zinc spraying operation is implemented when the workpiece is in a high-temperature state and the environment for spraying zinc is high temperature, so that zinc-iron can be mutually dissolved to form a zinc-iron mutual soluble alloy layer more quickly.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is given to note that the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is intended to facilitate the deep understanding of the technical spirit of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The technical solution of the specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
a. heating the steel workpiece to be processed to 300-450 ℃, and removing stains on the surface of the steel workpiece;
b. b, performing sand blasting and scouring on the steel workpiece obtained in the step a to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the steel workpiece;
c. and c, carrying out zinc spraying on the steel workpiece by using high-temperature atomized zinc particles formed by the arc atomized zinc wires in the high-temperature environment of 300-380 ℃ to form a zinc protective layer on the surface of the steel workpiece.
In the step a, the steel workpiece to be processed is firstly heated to 300-450 ℃, at the temperature, stains on the surface of the steel workpiece can be burnt or carbonized at high temperature to be removed, or residual stains are loosened and hardened, the preferred heating temperature is 400 ℃, so that the stains can be basically removed, and the steel workpiece can reach a specific temperature, thereby being beneficial to the operation of the subsequent process. In the step b, the steel workpiece is still kept at a certain high temperature and is gradually pushed by the conveying device, through the sand blasting operation of the step b, sand ejected at a certain speed washes away dirt residues and oxide layers on the surface of the steel workpiece so as to meet the requirements of the next process, in order to further improve the surface cleanliness of the steel workpiece, a brush body is arranged after the step b to brush the surface of the steel workpiece so as to remove micro floating dust possibly remaining on the surface, or the surface of the steel workpiece is cleaned by high-speed air flow, in the step c, because the steel workpiece is in a high-temperature state in the step a, when the steel workpiece enters the step c, the steel workpiece is still kept at a corresponding temperature, in order to keep the steel workpiece at a proper and specific temperature, the working environment temperature of the step c is 300-380 ℃ so as to keep the temperature of the steel workpiece within the temperature range, the zinc wire is atomized into high-temperature zinc particles by high-voltage electric arc, the zinc particles are coated on the surface of a high-temperature steel workpiece, and the zinc particles are in a high-temperature state, so that zinc atoms or zinc ions can rapidly permeate into the surface layer of the steel workpiece, and the zinc atoms or the zinc ions and the surface layer form a mutual soluble alloy layer, thereby greatly improving the adhesive force between a zinc protective layer and the steel workpiece, improving the corrosion resistance strength of the steel workpiece, and the high-voltage electric arc atomized zinc wire is the conventional electric arc discharge to atomize the end part of the zinc wire at high temperature. In addition to the arc atomized zinc wire described above, laser atomized zinc wire and the like can be used.
In order to further improve the binding force between the zinc protective layer coated on the surface of the steel workpiece and the surface of the steel workpiece, in step c, a high-speed airflow with a restricted speed of 50-100 m/s is applied to the formed high-temperature atomized zinc particles, so that the high-temperature atomized zinc particles collide with the surface of the steel workpiece at the high speed to realize collision spraying on the surface of the steel workpiece, according to the mechanism of impact mechanics, a large number of tiny impact points are formed by the collision of the tiny zinc particles moving at the high speed and the surface of the steel workpiece, a certain high pressure is formed at the impact points, the high pressure enables a large number of tiny concave parts to be formed on the surface of the steel workpiece, and zinc fills the tiny concave parts, namely, a boundary surface with a large number of concave parts and embedded zinc-iron is formed, so that the binding force of zinc. The above-mentioned constrained high-speed airflow means that the airflow is constrained, and the movement of the airflow is not random scattering, but is blown to the atomized zinc particles under a constraint condition, for example, the airflow comes from an airflow duct or an airflow cover body, so as to avoid random scattering of the atomized zinc particles. In order to further improve the binding force between the zinc protective layer and the surface of the steel workpiece, the high-speed airflow is a high-temperature high-speed airflow at 450 ℃, namely, a high-temperature constraint channel is arranged, the high-speed airflow is heated to the high temperature when passing through the high-temperature constraint channel, the high-temperature constraint channel is the prior art and can be selectively adopted, when the high-temperature high-speed airflow impacts atomized zinc particles, the zinc particles are driven to move at high speed, the phenomenon that the atomized zinc particles are changed into solid particles is avoided, the molecular thermal motion energy of the zinc particles is improved, mutual permeation or mutual dissolution of zinc and iron is facilitated, and the binding force between the zinc protective layer and the steel workpiece is improved.
In the step c, the electric arc atomization of the zinc wires and the zinc particle spraying of the steel workpiece are carried out in the environment of 300-380 ℃, in order to save energy, the heat generated by heating in the step a is transmitted to the step c by a heat circulating system so as to maintain the temperature of the working environment in the step c, and the heat circulating system and the step a form heat circulation; the heat cycle system comprises a suction device for sucking hot air and a cycle pipeline for conveying the hot air, wherein the suction device is arranged in the step a.
And b, spraying sand grains on the surface of the steel workpiece, wherein in order to improve the bonding force between the zinc protective layer and the surface of the steel workpiece, the sand grains are formed by mixing 95% of stainless steel sand grains and 5% of diamond grains or ceramic sand grains with the grain size of 100-200 microns in percentage by weight, wherein the diamond grains or the ceramic grains have extremely high hardness, when the mixed sand grains are washed on the surface of the steel workpiece, a large number of tiny pits are formed on the surface of the steel workpiece by the small diamond grains or the ceramic grains, so that the zinc in the step c is embedded into the tiny pits, the bonding force between the zinc protective layer and the surface of the steel workpiece is enhanced, the contact area is increased, and the corrosion resistance of the steel workpiece is improved.
It has been discussed above that when zinc is coated on the surface of the steel workpiece, the temperature of the environment, the temperature of the workpiece, and the temperature of the atomized zinc particles are very important for mutual zinc-iron solubility or molecular diffusion between the zinc protective layer and the surface of the steel workpiece, and in order to improve the mutual zinc-iron solubility or molecular diffusion, the steel workpiece coated with the zinc protective layer after step c is kept at 300-380 ℃ for 0.2-0.5 hour, and then is naturally cooled to the normal temperature. The heat preservation process can increase the mutual solubility and molecular diffusion degree of the zinc and the iron in a short time, and greatly improve the combination of the zinc and the iron.
In order to expand the application field of the steel workpiece with the zinc protective layer, in particular to the application in a humid environment, an underwater environment or a marine environment, a layer of high polymer material coating is sprayed on the surface of the steel workpiece with the zinc protective layer, and loose pores of the zinc coating are subjected to closed post-treatment, so that the zinc coating on the surface of the steel workpiece is more compact, the steel workpiece has better moisture-proof and corrosion-proof properties, and the high polymer material is conventionally selected according to technical requirements.
Claims (8)
1. A method for coating a zinc protective layer on the surface of a workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. heating the steel workpiece to be processed to 350-450 ℃, and removing stains on the surface of the steel workpiece;
b. b, performing sand blasting and scouring on the steel workpiece obtained in the step a to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the steel workpiece;
c. and c, carrying out zinc spraying on the steel workpiece by using high-temperature atomized zinc particles formed by the arc atomized zinc wires in the high-temperature environment of 300-380 ℃ to form a zinc protective layer on the surface of the steel workpiece.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step c, a high-speed airflow with a restricted speed of 50-100 m/s is applied to the formed high-temperature atomized zinc particles, so that the high-temperature atomized zinc particles collide with the surface of the steel workpiece at the high speed to realize the collision spraying on the surface of the steel workpiece.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the high velocity gas flow is a high temperature high velocity gas flow of 400 ℃ to 450 ℃.
4. A method for coating a zinc protective layer on a workpiece according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the heat generated by heating in step a is transferred to step c by a heat cycle system, and the heat cycle is formed with step a.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the grit of step b is composed of 95 wt% stainless steel grit and 5 wt% diamond or ceramic grit having a particle size of 100 to 200 μm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein after step b, the surface of the steel workpiece is cleaned by high-speed air flow.
7. The method for coating the zinc protective layer on the surface of the workpiece according to claim 6, wherein the steel workpiece coated with the zinc protective layer is subjected to heat preservation for 0.2-0.5 hours at the temperature of 300-380 ℃, and then is naturally cooled to the normal temperature.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the surface of the steel workpiece with the zinc protective layer after the step C is coated with a layer of polymer material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010638741.8A CN111996483A (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Method for coating zinc protective layer on surface of workpiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010638741.8A CN111996483A (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Method for coating zinc protective layer on surface of workpiece |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111996483A true CN111996483A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010638741.8A Pending CN111996483A (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Method for coating zinc protective layer on surface of workpiece |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102418063A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-04-18 | 上海工程技术大学 | Preparation method of long-acting anti-corrosion zinc spraying coating of nuclear waste storage barrel |
| CN103911620A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method for thermal-shock-resistant metal-based coating |
| JP2017172023A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社栗本鐵工所 | Ferrous metal member having sprayed metal coating layer |
| CN109972071A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-05 | 宁波大智机械科技股份有限公司 | A kind of spray equipment and application have the thermal jet Zn system of the spraying zinc device |
| CN110052378A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-07-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of corrosion-resistant protection reinforcing bar preparation method for building |
-
2020
- 2020-07-02 CN CN202010638741.8A patent/CN111996483A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102418063A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-04-18 | 上海工程技术大学 | Preparation method of long-acting anti-corrosion zinc spraying coating of nuclear waste storage barrel |
| CN103911620A (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method for thermal-shock-resistant metal-based coating |
| JP2017172023A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | 株式会社栗本鐵工所 | Ferrous metal member having sprayed metal coating layer |
| CN109972071A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-05 | 宁波大智机械科技股份有限公司 | A kind of spray equipment and application have the thermal jet Zn system of the spraying zinc device |
| CN110052378A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-07-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of corrosion-resistant protection reinforcing bar preparation method for building |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘爱国: "《低温等离子体表面强化技术》", 30 September 2015, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
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