CN111995350B - Sound-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Sound-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111995350B
CN111995350B CN202010692428.2A CN202010692428A CN111995350B CN 111995350 B CN111995350 B CN 111995350B CN 202010692428 A CN202010692428 A CN 202010692428A CN 111995350 B CN111995350 B CN 111995350B
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sound
absorbing material
mixed
material according
mixed solution
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CN111995350A (en
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佘颖
孙保
李悦欣
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Beijing Yingde Chemical Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • C04B18/025—Grog
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a sound-absorbing material and a preparation method and application thereof. The sound-absorbing material provided by the invention comprises microporous ceramsite and a mixed solution C, wherein the mixed solution C comprises modified epoxy resin, titanium dioxide, inorganic silicon, a flame retardant, zirconium dioxide, water-based silica sol and ethanol.

Description

Sound-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sound-absorbing materials, in particular to a sound-absorbing material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, noise becomes a main environmental pollution, the sound environmental problem of buildings is more and more concerned and emphasized by people, and the selection of good sound-absorbing materials for sound absorption and sound absorption of buildings is one of important technical measures. The existing material commonly used for sound absorption is sound absorption cotton. The sound-absorbing cotton is an artificial inorganic fiber, which is prepared by using natural ores such as quartz sand, limestone, dolomite and the like as main raw materials and matching with chemical raw materials such as sodium carbonate, borax and the like to be melted into glass. In the preparation process of the sound-absorbing cotton, raw materials in a melting state are blown and thrown into flocculent fine fibers by means of external force, and the fibers are crossed and intertwined with each other to form a plurality of fine gaps. However, such sound absorbing materials have some inherent drawbacks, including poor sound absorption and sound absorption; the environment is polluted and the human body is harmed; the flame retardant property is low, and harmful gas is generated by combustion; there is no adhesion to the structure.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a new acoustical absorbent.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sound-absorbing material which has enhanced sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effects, is environmentally friendly, has strong adhesion, is non-toxic, pollution-free, and non-releasing.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows.
On one hand, the invention provides a sound-absorbing material which comprises microporous ceramsite and a mixed solution C, wherein the mixed solution C comprises modified epoxy resin, titanium dioxide, inorganic silicon, a flame retardant, zirconium dioxide, aqueous silica sol and ethanol.
Optionally, the sound absorbing material further comprises a curing agent, wherein the curing agent is a normal-temperature curing agent, such as a water dispersible polyisocyanate curing agent; further preferably, the weight ratio of the added curing agent to the total weight of the mixed liquor C and the microporous ceramsite is 0.2-0.3: 10.
preferably, the weight ratio of the microporous ceramsite to the mixed liquor C is 5: 1;
preferably, the microporous ceramsite can be microporous ceramsite with a single particle size or microporous ceramsite with a mixed particle size, and further preferably, the microporous ceramsite is microporous ceramsite with a mixed particle size;
preferably, the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size comprises microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size of 1mm and 2mm, 2mm and 3mm, and 3mm and 4mm, and further preferably, the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size is microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size of 3mm and 4 mm;
preferably, the weight ratio of the microporous ceramsite with the particle size of 4mm to the microporous ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm in the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size is 6-8:2-4, and more preferably 7: 3;
preferably, in the mixed solution C,
the modified epoxy resin is selected from flame-retardant modified epoxy resin, preferably organosilicon modified epoxy resin;
the titanium dioxide is selected from rutile type titanium dioxide;
the inorganic silicon is selected from silicon dioxide;
the flame retardant is selected from inorganic flame retardants, more preferably additive flame retardants, most preferably silicon-based flame retardants;
the aqueous silica sol is selected from silicic acid hydrosol, more preferably inorganic silicic acid aqueous solution, and most preferably a reinforcing agent type aqueous silica sol;
the ethanol is absolute ethanol;
preferably, in the mixed solution C,
the weight percentage content of the modified epoxy resin is 7% -10%, more preferably 7.4% -9.8%, and still more preferably 7.8% -9.7%; most preferably 9.2%.
The weight percentage content of the titanium dioxide is 11% -18%, more preferably 11.4% -17.7%, and further preferably 11.8% -17.2%; most preferably 16.1%.
The weight percentage of the inorganic silicon is 9% -16%, more preferably 9.3% -15.7%, and still more preferably 9.6% -15%; more preferably 14.4%.
The weight percentage content of the flame retardant is 9% -15%, more preferably 9.2% -14.6%, and further preferably 9.6% -14.4%; most preferably 12.7%.
The content of zirconium dioxide is 12-16% by weight, more preferably 12.3-15.8% by weight, and still more preferably 13-15.6% by weight; most preferably 15%.
The weight percentage content of the aqueous silica sol is 10% -20%, more preferably 10.2% -16.7%, and still more preferably 12.4% -16.5%; most preferably 16%.
The weight percentage content of the ethanol is 11% -18%, more preferably 14.6% -17.6%, and further preferably 15.2% -17.2%; most preferably 16.6%. In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the sound absorbing material, the method comprising: 1) preparing a mixed solution C;
2) pouring the mixed solution C prepared in the step 1) into the microporous ceramsite at a constant speed, and stirring to obtain the microporous ceramsite.
Preferably, in step 1), the preparation method of the mixed solution C includes:
i) putting the fire retardant and the inorganic silicon into a reaction tank in sequence, and heating to T31Stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to obtain a 1 st mixture;
ii) adding titanium dioxide, aqueous silica sol, zirconium dioxide and modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the 2 nd mixture obtained in the step ii) twice by a pin-and-rod type sand mill, adding ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C.
Preferably, in step i), said T31From 160 ℃ to 200 ℃, more preferably from 185 ℃ to 200 ℃, most preferably 175 ℃;
preferably, in step i), the cooling is to about 26 ℃;
preferably, in the step 2), the microporous ceramsite is a microporous ceramsite with a mixed particle size, and further preferably, the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size is a microporous ceramsite with a mixed particle size which is uniformly mixed in advance; more preferably, the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size is microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size of 3mm and 4 mm;
preferably, in step 2), the stirring rate is 80 rpm.
Preferably, in the step 2), before stirring, a step of adding a curing agent may be further included, and more preferably, the curing agent is an ordinary temperature curing agent commonly used in the art, such as a water dispersible polyisocyanate curing agent; further preferably, the weight ratio of the added curing agent to the total weight of the mixed liquor C and the microporous ceramsite is 0.2-0.3: 10.
in still another aspect, the present invention provides an acoustic panel prepared from the above acoustic material, which is obtained by pouring the acoustic material of the present invention into a mold to be molded, dried, placed, and polished to form openings.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a use of the sound-absorbing material of the present invention or a sound-absorbing panel made of the sound-absorbing material of the present invention for noise reduction, sound absorption, or the like. For example, the sound-absorbing material can be widely applied to airports, television stations, theaters, gymnasiums, textile factories, rail transit and other important projects at home and abroad; the sound absorption structure can be applied to occasions such as urban light rails, elevated roads, power equipment, mechanical equipment, railways, highways, bridges, tunnels, aviation, navigation, elevated highways and the like; the sound insulation board can also be applied to indoor sound insulation places such as offices, bars, KTVs, hotels, hotel restaurants, cinemas, houses, conference rooms, clubs, studios, recording rooms, conference halls, dance halls, gymnasiums, business halls, karaoke halls, rehearsal halls, libraries, auditoriums, home theater studios and the like, and can also be used for fire prevention, sound insulation doors, sound insulation rooms, sound insulation covers and sound insulation of anechoic rooms.
Detailed Description
Generally, ceramics may be produced from clay, china clay, shale, fly ash, or other solid waste, respectively. The microporous ceramsite is a round or oval spherical granular substance, the surface layer of the microporous ceramsite is very hard, and the outer shell of the microporous ceramsite is ceramic or enamel. The microporous ceramsite has the advantages of low price and a series of excellent performances. The common specifications of the microporous ceramsite are 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and 4 mm. The density of the microporous ceramsite with the particle size of 3-4mm used in the invention is less than 800kg/m3。
In the development process of the invention, the inventor firstly studies the influence of the particle size of the microporous ceramsite on the performance of the product. The inventor discovers that sound absorbing materials prepared from the microporous ceramsite with different sizes have different sound absorbing effects by adopting the microporous ceramsite with the sizes of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm and the like. Specifically, the inventors studied the influence of the single-particle-size microporous ceramic particles and the mixed-particle-size microporous ceramic particles of two or more particle sizes on the sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effects of the sound-absorbing material at different ratios. In detail, the inventors carried out the particle sizes of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4 mm; 1mm and 2mm, 1mm and 3mm, 1mm and 4mm, 2mm and 3mm, 2mm and 4mm, 3mm and 4mm (figure 1), 1mm and 2mm and 3mm, 1mm and 2mm and 4mm, 1mm and 3mm and 4mm, 2mm and 3mm and 4mm, 1mm and 2mm and 3mm and 4mm according to a plurality of experiments of different proportions, thereby selecting the proportion of the particle size with the best sound absorption effect and the weight ratio of the microporous ceramsite with different particle sizes.
In addition, in the sound-absorbing material provided by the present invention, another important component is a mixed liquid C mainly including a modified epoxy resin, inorganic silicon, a flame retardant, and the like. The mixed solution C provided by the invention takes zirconium dioxide and silica sol as main film forming bases, and finds out critical points among molecules at a specific temperature in the preparation process, thereby successfully solving the technical problems that the silica sol and a flame-retardant material are difficult to be compatible with each other, and the high temperature resistance and the water resistance are difficult to be compatible with each other.
The mixed liquid C used in the sound-absorbing material is determined by the inventor through a large amount of screening experiments on various raw materials, in the preparation process of the mixed liquid C, the inventor finds that the selection of the temperature has important influence on the performance of the finally obtained sound-absorbing material, and through a large amount of temperature screening experiments, the inventor successfully finds the temperature critical point of each component, so that the mixed liquid C is obtained, and the mixed liquid C perfectly matches the effect to be achieved.
In addition, the mixed liquid C adopts alcohol as a solvent, is non-toxic, can be dried by air, has strong cohesive force, is water-resistant, acid-base-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, flame-retardant and fireproof, is environment-friendly, has no pollution and is free of release.
The sound-absorbing material consists of microporous ceramsite and mixed liquid C, and has the following characteristics: excellent adhesion, light weight and high strength. The sound-absorbing material provided by the invention has flame retardance and can resist high temperature of 800 ℃; and has the performances of acid resistance, alkali resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and long-term durability.
In addition, the sound-absorbing material (shown in figure 2) is convenient to construct, can adapt to various architectural design shapes, and can adjust the length, width and thickness of the coating adjusting plate according to different sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effects, so that the sound-absorbing cotton cannot achieve better sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effects.
When the sound-absorbing material is poured into a mold for molding, the sound-absorbing plate can be manufactured after drying, placing and polishing the holes (figure 3). The microporous ceramsite used in the sound-absorbing material disclosed by the invention has good air permeability, the ceramsite with proper particle size is adhered together, the mixture is poured into a mold for molding after being stirred, the sound-absorbing plate is formed after being dried and placed, then the ceramsite on the surface layer of the sound-absorbing plate is polished to open pores, surface capillary pores are opened, internal gaps of the ceramsite are better communicated with the outside to be in an open pore shape, outside sound is gathered into the ceramsite with the particle size of each pore, the sound penetrates inwards through the capillary pores of the ceramsite after entering, and the energy of the sound waves is gradually lost after being transmitted inwards through the ceramsite layer by layer, so that the sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effects are achieved. The steps of polishing and perforating further enhance the sound absorption and sound absorption effects of the ceramsite, and simultaneously enable the sound absorption plate to have good air permeability. The sound-absorbing plate can be made into a specification of 1200mm × 600mm, 2400mm × 1200mm and the like according to the use requirement, and can be made into plates with different thicknesses of 12mm, 15mm, 18mm and the like.
The microporous ceramsite sound-absorbing material/sound-absorbing board is mainly used for sound absorption and sound absorption (sound is reflected in the inner wall of a sponge in a messy way after entering a material structure, and is changed into heat energy until most of the energy of the sound wave is consumed, so that the sound-absorbing effect is achieved), and the microporous ceramsite sound-absorbing material/sound-absorbing board has A-level fireproof performance, can resist high temperature of 800 ℃, is 100 percent, is environment-friendly, has no pollution, and has no release.
Therefore, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following aspects:
1. the sound-absorbing material of the invention obviously improves the quality of the existing sound-absorbing product, has no pollution to the environment and no harm to human body;
2. the sound-absorbing material also obviously improves the flame retardance of sound-absorbing products, achieves A-level non-combustion, and effectively protects a building structure from being damaged by fire while absorbing sound;
3. the preparation method of the sound-absorbing material and/or the sound-absorbing board is simple, and the prepared sound-absorbing material and/or the prepared sound-absorbing board is simple and convenient to use, so that the labor cost can be greatly saved;
4. the sound-absorbing material and/or the sound-absorbing board take the microporous ceramsite as the raw material, so that the energy is saved indirectly, and the recycling of wastes is promoted.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a mixture of 3mm and 4mm microporous ceramic particles;
FIG. 2 shows a sound absorbing material of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a sound-absorbing panel according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Experimental materials:
microporous ceramsite: jinze Zhong resource comprehensive utilization company;
modified epoxy resin: the product is purchased from Shanghai Xiaji soil novel material Co., Ltd, and has the model of XT-802;
titanium dioxide: rutile type titanium dioxide, purchased from galleries, cyanobacterial chemical ltd;
inorganic silicon: silica, available from Gallery, Sanjia chemical Co., Ltd;
flame retardant: inorganic silicon flame retardant, purchased from New materials of Shandong Taxing, Inc.;
zirconium dioxide: purchased from aites optical materials ltd, tezhou;
aqueous silica sol: inorganic silicic acid hydrosol available from linyi city, cohn, silicon products, ltd;
ethanol: purchased from Cangzhou Xin An chemical products, Inc.;
pin-bar sand mill: chongqing red flag chemical machinery, model: BX30-1
Curing agent: dongguan Jiangxing industries, Ltd.
Example 1
The sound-absorbing material of the present example was prepared from the following materials:
microporous ceramsite: microporous ceramsite with different particle sizes are adopted and mixed according to different proportions (as shown in Table 1).
Modified epoxy resin: 1.84 kg; titanium dioxide: 3.22 kg; inorganic silicon: 2.88 kg; flame retardant: 2.54 kg; zirconium dioxide: 3 kg; aqueous silica sol: 3.2 kg; ethanol: 3.32 kg.
Curing agent: 2.4 kg.
i) Sequentially putting 2.54kg of flame retardant and 2.88kg of inorganic silicon into a reaction tank, heating to 175 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to 26 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
ii) adding 3.22kg of titanium dioxide, 3.2kg of water-based silica sol, 3kg of zirconium dioxide and 1.84kg of modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the 2 nd mixture obtained in the step ii) twice by a pin-and-rod type sand mill, and then adding 3.32kg of ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C.
Then pouring the mixed solution C into 100kg of microporous ceramsite with mixed particle size at constant speed, adding 2.4kg of curing agent, and stirring to obtain the composite material.
Method for measuring sound absorption effect of sound absorbing material:
the sound-absorbing materials are prepared according to the method by adopting the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size shown in the table 1, then the prepared sound-absorbing materials are poured into a mould, and sound-absorbing boards with different specifications of 1m multiplied by 1.2m, 80cm multiplied by 80cm, 50cm multiplied by 50cm and the like are manufactured by molding, drying, placing, polishing and perforating, and the sound-absorbing effect of the manufactured sound-absorbing boards is tested by an acoustic tester.
Table 1: sound absorption effect of sound absorption plate prepared from microporous ceramsite with different particle sizes and different proportions under same frequency
Figure BDA0002589782020000081
Tests show that the sound-absorbing material prepared by the weight ratio of 7:3 can achieve better effect by adopting the microporous ceramsite with the particle size of 4mm and the particle size of 3mm according to the requirements of cost performance and market popularization sound-absorbing indexes.
Example 2: screening test of mixed solution C for preparing sound-absorbing material
Adopting the raw materials with the weight percentages shown in the table 2, preparing 7 mixed solutions C by the following method:
i) putting the flame retardant and the inorganic silicon into a reaction tank in sequence, heating to 175 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to 26 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
ii) adding titanium dioxide, aqueous silica sol, zirconium dioxide and modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the 2 nd mixture obtained in the step ii) twice by a pin-and-rod type sand mill, adding ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C.
The viscosity, adhesion and impact strength of the resulting mixed solution C samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 were measured by the following methods: the dynamic viscosity is determined according to GB/T9751-1988;
the adhesive force is measured according to the cross-cut method in GB/T9286-88;
the impact strength was determined according to the paint film impact resistance test method of GB/T1732-93.
The results of the measurement are shown in Table 3.
Using samples 1 to 7, sound-absorbing sheets were produced as described in example 1, and the effect of attraction was measured, and the results are shown in table 4.
Table 2: weight percentage of each component in the sample
Figure BDA0002589782020000082
Figure BDA0002589782020000091
Table 3:
Figure BDA0002589782020000092
Figure BDA0002589782020000101
table 4:
sample numbering Sound absorption effect (db)
Sample No. 1 46
Sample 2 48
Sample 3 48
Sample No. 4 58
Sample No. 5 55
Sample No. 6 59
Sample 7 60
Example 3: influence of temperature on the finally obtained acoustical absorbent
i) Putting the fire retardant and the inorganic silicon into a reaction tank in sequence, and heating to T31Stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to 26 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
ii) adding titanium dioxide, aqueous silica sol, zirconium dioxide and modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the 2 nd mixture obtained in the step ii) twice by a pin-and-rod type sand mill, adding ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C.
Shown in Table 5 belowDifferent T31The prepared mixed liquor C is prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1, wherein the corresponding sound-absorbing boards are prepared by adopting the microporous ceramsite with the particle size of 4mm and 3mm according to the weight ratio of 7:3, and then the sound-absorbing effect of each sound-absorbing board is measured.
Table 5:
T31 140℃ 160℃ 175℃ 200℃ 220℃
effect Sound absorption 20db Sound absorption 58db Sound absorption 60db Sound absorption 55db Sound absorption 22db
Example 4: compared with the performance of the prior common sound-absorbing material
The gypsum board used in this example was purchased from Shandong Qiyou building materials, Inc.
Figure BDA0002589782020000111
Example 5: screening of curing Agents
The sound-absorbing material of the present example was prepared from the following materials:
microporous ceramsite: the microporous ceramsite with the mixed particle size is 7:3 in weight ratio of 4mm to 3 mm;
modified epoxy resin: 1.84 kg; titanium dioxide: 3.22 kg; inorganic silicon: 2.88 kg; flame retardant: 2.54 kg; zirconium dioxide: 3 kg; aqueous silica sol: 3.2 kg; ethanol: 3.32 kg.
i) Sequentially putting 2.54kg of flame retardant and 2.88kg of inorganic silicon into a reaction tank, heating to 175 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to 26 ℃ to obtain a mixture 1;
ii) adding 3.22kg of titanium dioxide, 3.2kg of aqueous silica sol, 3kg of zirconium dioxide and 1.84kg of modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the 2 nd mixture obtained in the step ii) twice by a pin-and-rod type sand mill, and then adding 3.32kg of ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C.
Then pouring the mixed solution C into 100kg of microporous ceramsite with mixed particle size at constant speed, and stirring to obtain the composite ceramsite.
And then pouring the sound-absorbing material prepared by the method into a mould, forming, drying, placing, polishing and perforating to manufacture the sound-absorbing board, and testing the sound-absorbing effect of the manufactured sound-absorbing board by an acoustic tester to be 50 dB.
Example 6:comparative example
The sound-absorbing material is prepared by mixing cement and ceramsite, and the performance of the obtained sound-absorbing material is compared with that of the sound-absorbing material disclosed by the invention.
The sound absorption effect is as follows: the sound absorption effect of the sound absorption material reaches 60db, and the sound absorption effect of the sound absorption material prepared by mixing cement and ceramsite is only about 25 db.
The flame retardant effect is as follows: the sound-absorbing material disclosed by the invention can resist high temperature of 800 ℃ and is non-combustible; when the contact temperature of the sound absorbing material prepared by mixing cement and ceramsite reaches above 300 ℃, the strength of the material can be rapidly reduced, and the sound absorbing material is easy to crack.
Acid and alkali resistance: the sound-absorbing material has good corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance and durability, and has obvious effect on use in special environment (with acid and alkali); the sound-absorbing material prepared by mixing cement and ceramsite does not have the performance.
Specific gravity of the sound absorbing material: the sound absorbing material prepared from the microporous ceramsite and the mixed liquid C has light specific gravity (1000-3) The strength influence is low when the high temperature resistance is achieved; the specific gravity of the sound-absorbing material prepared by mixing cement and ceramsite is relatively heavy (1500-3) The strength of the material decreases rapidly when subjected to high temperatures.

Claims (40)

1. The sound absorbing material comprises microporous ceramsite and a mixed solution C, wherein,
the microporous ceramsite is microporous ceramsite with mixed particle size, wherein the microporous ceramsite with mixed particle size comprises microporous ceramsite with mixed particle size of 1mm and 2mm or 2mm and 3mm or 3mm and 4 mm;
the mixed solution C comprises 7-10 wt% of modified epoxy resin, 11-18 wt% of titanium dioxide, 9-16 wt% of inorganic silicon, 9-15 wt% of flame retardant, 12-16 wt% of zirconium dioxide, 10-20 wt% of water-based silica sol and 11-18 wt% of ethanol;
wherein, in the mixed solution C, the inorganic silicon is silicon dioxide; the flame retardant is selected from inorganic flame retardants, and the inorganic flame retardants are silicon flame retardants;
the weight ratio of the microporous ceramsite to the mixed liquor C is 5: 1;
the sound-absorbing material also comprises a curing agent, and the weight ratio of the added curing agent to the total weight of the mixed liquid C and the microporous ceramsite is 0.2-0.3: 10.
2. the sound absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the curing agent is a water dispersible polyisocyanate curing agent.
3. The sound absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed-particle-size microporous ceramic particles are microporous ceramic particles mixed with a particle size of 3mm and 4 mm.
4. The sound-absorbing material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the microporous ceramic grains with the particle size of 4mm to the microporous ceramic grains with the particle size of 3mm in the mixed particle size of the microporous ceramic grains is 6-8: 2-4.
5. The sound-absorbing material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the microporous ceramic grains with the particle size of 4mm to the microporous ceramic grains with the particle size of 3mm in the mixed particle size of the microporous ceramic grains is 7: 3.
6. The sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the modified epoxy resin is selected from flame-retardant modified epoxy resins in the mixed liquid C.
7. The sound absorbing material according to claim 6, wherein the modified epoxy resin is a silicone modified epoxy resin in the mixed solution C.
8. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the titanium dioxide is rutile titanium dioxide in the mixed liquid C.
9. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous silica sol is selected from a silicic acid hydrosol in the mixed solution C.
10. The sound absorbing material according to claim 9, wherein the aqueous silica sol is an inorganic silicic acid aqueous solution in the mixed solution C.
11. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the ethanol in the mixed solution C is absolute ethanol.
12. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the modified epoxy resin is contained in an amount of 7.4 to 9.8 wt% in the mixed solution C.
13. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 12, wherein the modified epoxy resin is contained in an amount of 7.8 to 9.7 wt% in the mixed liquid C.
14. The sound absorbing material according to claim 13, wherein the modified epoxy resin is contained in an amount of 9.2% by weight in the mixed liquid C.
15. The sound absorbing material of claim 1, wherein the titanium dioxide is present in an amount of 11.4 to 17.7 wt% in the mixed solution C.
16. The sound absorbing material of claim 15, wherein the titanium dioxide is present in an amount of 11.8-17.2 wt% in the mixture C.
17. The sound absorbing material according to claim 16, wherein the titanium dioxide is present in an amount of 16.1 wt% in the mixed liquid C.
18. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic silicon is contained in an amount of 9.3 to 15.7 wt% in the mixed liquid C.
19. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 18, wherein the inorganic silicon is contained in an amount of 9.6 to 15 wt% in the mixed liquid C.
20. The sound absorbing material according to claim 19, wherein the mixed solution C contains 14.4 wt% of the inorganic silicon.
21. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the mixed liquid C contains the flame retardant in an amount of 9.2 to 14.6 wt%.
22. The sound absorbing material according to claim 21, wherein the mixed liquid C contains the flame retardant in an amount of 9.6 to 14.4 wt%.
23. The sound absorbing material according to claim 22, wherein the mixed liquid C contains the flame retardant in an amount of 12.7 wt%.
24. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the mixed solution C contains 12.3 to 15.8 wt% of zirconium dioxide.
25. The sound absorbing material as claimed in claim 24, wherein the mixed solution C contains 13 to 15.6 wt% of zirconium dioxide.
26. The sound absorbing material as claimed in claim 25, wherein the mixed solution C contains 15% by weight of zirconium dioxide.
27. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous silica sol is contained in an amount of 10.2 to 16.7 wt% in the mixed solution C.
28. The sound absorbing material according to claim 27, wherein the aqueous silica sol is present in an amount of 12.4 to 16.5 wt% in the mixed solution C.
29. The sound absorbing material according to claim 28, wherein the aqueous silica sol is present in an amount of 16 wt% in the mixed solution C.
30. The sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the mixed liquid C contains 14.6 to 17.6 wt% of ethanol.
31. The sound absorbing material according to claim 30, wherein the mixed liquid C contains 15.2 to 17.2 wt% of ethanol.
32. The sound absorbing material according to claim 31, wherein the mixed liquid C contains 16.6% by weight of ethanol.
33. A method of making the sound absorbing material of any one of claims 1-32, comprising: 1) preparing a mixed solution C;
2) pouring the mixed liquid C prepared in the step 1) into the microporous ceramsite at a constant speed, and stirring to obtain the microporous ceramsite;
wherein, in the step 1), the preparation method of the mixed solution C comprises the following steps:
i) putting the fire retardant and the inorganic silicon into a reaction tank in sequence, and heating to T31Stirring for 20 minutes, and cooling to obtain a 1 st mixture;
ii) adding titanium dioxide, aqueous silica sol, zirconium dioxide and modified epoxy resin into the mixture 1 obtained in the step i), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture 2;
iii) grinding the mixture 2 obtained in the step ii) twice by using a pin-type sand mill, adding ethanol and stirring for 20 minutes to obtain a mixed solution C;
wherein, in step i), said T31160-200 ℃;
wherein, in the step 2), before stirring, a step of adding a curing agent is further included.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein, in step i), T is31Is 185-200 ℃.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein, in step i), T is31The temperature was 175 ℃.
36. The method of claim 33, wherein in step i), the cooling is to about 26 ℃.
37. The method as claimed in claim 33, wherein in step 2), the microporous ceramic particles are microporous ceramic particles with mixed particle size, and the microporous ceramic particles with mixed particle size are microporous ceramic particles with mixed particle size uniformly in advance.
38. The production method according to claim 33, wherein, in step 2), the stirring rate is 80 rpm.
39. An acoustic panel, wherein the acoustic panel is obtained by pouring the acoustic material according to any one of claims 1 to 32 or the acoustic material produced by the production method according to any one of claims 33 to 38 into a mold, molding, drying, placing, and polishing the open pores.
40. Use of the sound absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 32 or the sound absorbing material produced by the production method according to any one of claims 33 to 38 or the sound absorbing panel according to claim 39 for noise reduction and sound absorption.
CN202010692428.2A 2020-07-17 2020-07-17 Sound-absorbing material and preparation method and application thereof Expired - Fee Related CN111995350B (en)

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US3286785A (en) * 1965-05-24 1966-11-22 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp High temperature resistant acoustical board
CN104264596B (en) * 2014-09-30 2017-01-18 四川正升声学科技有限公司 Particle sound barrier and sound absorption and insulation barrier board thereof
WO2018168828A1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-20 Dic株式会社 Method for producing molded body
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