CN111994768B - Multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction hanger - Google Patents
Multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction hanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN111994768B CN111994768B CN202010958383.9A CN202010958383A CN111994768B CN 111994768 B CN111994768 B CN 111994768B CN 202010958383 A CN202010958383 A CN 202010958383A CN 111994768 B CN111994768 B CN 111994768B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
- B66C1/06—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means electromagnetic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction crane, and belongs to the field of hoisting and transporting machinery. The left sector gear and the idle gear are fixedly connected with the small shaft through keys, the reversing gear is installed on the mandrel, the rack is connected with the middle magnetic system through bolts, the right sector gear and the outer pinion are connected with the upper magnetic system, the inner pinion is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through keys, the outer gearwheel is connected with a shaft, and the inner gearwheel is connected with the hollow shaft; the left sector gear is meshed with the rack; the reversing gear is simultaneously meshed with the outer small gear and the outer large gear; the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel is connected with the hollow shaft, the right rotating arm round ratchet wheel is connected with the shaft, the upper magnetic system is positioned in the one-way bearing assembly, the middle magnetic system is installed below the middle magnetizer, and the lower magnetic system is installed between the inner magnetizer and the outer magnetizer. The advantage has stronger magnetic attraction and higher weight ratio, reduces mechanical structure load, and then reduces the part size, reduction in production cost practices thrift valuable installation space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hoisting and transporting machinery, and particularly relates to a multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction crane.
Background
Among the prior art, patent application "both arms drive formula jack-up permanent magnet" publication No. CN107416662A, utility model patent "anti inclined jack-up permanent magnet" publication No. CN206798945U and patent application "two drive formula jack-up permanent magnet" publication No. CN109704183A, utility model patent "two pole coordinated type jack-up permanent magnet" publication No. CN209352415U disclose two kinds of jack-up permanent magnets that have anti inclined function, nevertheless above-mentioned two kinds of jack-up permanent magnets all have some shortcomings: firstly, the bevel gear of the anti-tilt mechanism of the first dual-arm driving type lifting permanent magnet in the prior art is small in size, and the damage rate of the bevel gear is high due to the fact that the reluctance torque of the lifting permanent magnet is large and the bearing capacity of the bevel gear is weak, and the expected service life cannot be achieved; secondly, the two sets of bevel tooth anti-inclination mechanisms of the first double-arm driving type lifting permanent magnet in the prior art are provided, so that enough longitudinal space is required for installing the upper part of the lifting permanent magnet; thirdly, the second double-drive type lifting permanent magnet in the prior art has two sets of cylindrical gear mechanisms which are respectively driven by two sets of driving shafts and rotating arms, and the structure needs that the upper part of the lifting permanent magnet must be ensured to be installed by enough transverse space; fourthly, the two types of lifting permanent magnets adopt an anti-reverse mechanism which is designed independently so as to ensure that the lifting permanent magnets cannot lose magnetism due to reverse of the dynamic magnetic system in the working process. However, as the lifting permanent magnet has more specifications, repeated design needs to be carried out for many times, and the workload of designers is greatly increased. Fifth, the magnetic system of the prior art adopts a dual magnetic system structure, i.e., a set of fixed magnetic system and rotating magnetic system. Because magnetic circuit structure's restriction, when needing great weight ratio of inhaling, the design size of jack-up permanent magnet then corresponding increase leads to the whole size increase of jack-up permanent magnet, simultaneously, because repulsion between the magnet is great, when designing actuating mechanism, for guaranteeing safe handling, the size of driver part often is great, and it is more to occupy installation space, and the processing cost is also higher with the degree of difficulty.
In the prior art, a CG-type roller overrunning clutch is disclosed in JB/T9130-2002, and when an outer ring of the overrunning clutch is fixed, the overrunning clutch can be used as a one-way bearing. The anti-reverse mechanism has the functions of unidirectional rotation and reverse rotation prevention, can be used for replacing the anti-reverse mechanism of the lifting permanent magnet, and simplifies the design procedure of the lifting permanent magnet to a certain extent. However, the strong attraction and repulsion between the magnetic systems and the overall gravity of the moving magnetic system cause the radial force born by the one-way bearing to be larger, and the common one-way bearing cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction lifter, which aims to solve the problems of unexpected service life, large volume and repeated design of an anti-reversing mechanism.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the left sector gear and the idle gear are fixedly connected with a small shaft through keys, the small shaft is arranged between the front guard plate and the gear shaft supporting plate, the reversing gear is arranged on a mandrel, and the mandrel is fixed on the front guard plate through bolts; the rack is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole slide block of the middle magnetic system through a bolt, the right sector gear is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the outer pinion is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the inner pinion is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the outer gearwheel is fixedly connected with a shaft through a key, and the inner gearwheel is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft through a key; the left sector gear is meshed with the rack; the reversing gear is simultaneously meshed with the outer small gear and the outer large gear; the right sector gear is meshed with the rack; the inner side pinion is respectively meshed with the inner side gearwheel and the idle gear; the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft through a key, the right rotating arm round ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the shaft through a key, the inner hole surfaces of a left rotating arm round pawl and a right rotating arm round pawl which work in cooperation with the two round ratchet wheels are respectively provided with a through rectangular groove, the outer surfaces of small cylindrical parts at the inner sides of the left rotating arm and the right rotating arm are respectively provided with a convex rectangular slideway, and the rectangular grooves of the left rotating arm round pawl and the right rotating arm round pawl are respectively arranged on the convex rectangular slideways of the left rotating arm and the right rotating arm so as to be capable of synchronously rotating with the rotating arms and realizing axial movement; the two return springs are respectively sleeved between the left rotating arm and the left rotating arm circular pawl and between the right rotating arm and the right rotating arm circular pawl to ensure that the two circular pawls can be tightly pressed on the circular ratchet wheel; the unidirectional bearing assembly is fixedly connected with the rear guard plate, and the left magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system is positioned in the unidirectional bearing assembly; the upper magnetic system is arranged between the middle magnetizer and the outer magnetizer, the middle magnetic system is arranged below the middle magnetizer, and the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel are respectively arranged between the inner magnetizer and the outer magnetizer.
The two ends of the outer magnetizer, the middle magnetizer and the inner magnetizer are respectively and fixedly connected with the front guard plate and the rear guard plate, and the upper magnetic system rotates in a circular cavity formed by the middle magnetizer and the outer magnetizer; the middle magnetic system moves left and right on the slide ways of the front guard plate and the rear guard plate; the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel jointly form a lower magnetic system.
The hollow shaft is of a hollow structure, the hollow shaft is sleeved in the hollow shaft, and the two shafts are not in contact with each other.
The mounting end of the rack is a rectangular groove, the front end of the right magnetic pole sliding block is a rectangular lug, and the rack and the right magnetic pole sliding block are fixedly connected through bolts.
The medium magnetic system structure of the invention is as follows: the left magnetic pole slider and the right magnetic pole slider are respectively fixedly connected with the middle magnetic system left magnetizer and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer through bolts, and the middle magnetic system magnetic steel is arranged between the middle magnetic system left magnetizer and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer.
The upper magnetic system structure of the invention is as follows: the left magnetic pole half shaft and the right magnetic pole half shaft are fixed with the upper magnetic system magnetizer through bolts and positioning pins, and the upper magnetic system magnetic steel is installed between the upper magnetic system magnetizer I and the upper magnetic system magnetizer II.
The one-way bearing assembly structure of the invention is as follows: the inner ring and the outer ring are both provided with a key groove and a slideway, the key groove and the slideway are sleeved and installed, the spring is installed in the inner ring, the roller is positioned on the slope of the inner ring, the ball is installed on the slideway of the inner ring and the outer ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected with a left magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the bearing seat through a key.
The left small lifting chain connects the left rotating arm with the lifting appliance, the right small lifting chain connects the right rotating arm with the lifting appliance, and the four lifting chains are uniformly distributed at four corners of the lifting permanent magnet and are respectively connected with the lifting appliance.
The invention has the advantages that:
in order to further improve the weight absorption ratio of the lifting permanent magnet and reduce the volume of the lifting permanent magnet, the magnetic circuit is provided with three groups of magnetic systems, namely an upper magnetic system, a middle magnetic system and a lower magnetic system, and the lifting permanent magnet has stronger magnetic attraction and higher weight absorption ratio, but the volume of the lifting permanent magnet is smaller than that of the lifting permanent magnet with a double-magnetic system structure in the same specification. In addition, the upper magnetic system and the middle magnetic system are combined, so that the size of the lower magnetic system can be reduced, the repulsive force among the magnetic systems can be balanced, the load of a mechanical structure can be reduced, the size of parts can be further reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the precious installation space can be saved.
In the aspect of mechanical structure, according to the action characteristics of each group of magnetic systems, the cylindrical gear mechanism for driving the upper magnetic system to overturn is transformed into the cylindrical gear anti-inclination mechanism, the two sets of cylindrical gear anti-inclination mechanisms are respectively driven by a hollow shaft nested with a solid shaft, and only a circular ratchet wheel, a circular pawl and a rotating arm are reserved in a longitudinal space, so that the installation space of the hoisting permanent magnet is greatly saved, the anti-inclination of the hoisting permanent magnets of various specifications is realized, and the workload of designers is greatly reduced. The hollow shaft and the shaft of the hoisting permanent magnet are respectively driven by two sets of circular ratchet wheels and circular pawls and respectively drive two sets of cylindrical gear mechanisms to act, and the reversing gear of the outer cylindrical gear set can ensure that the rotating directions of the inner and outer small cylindrical gears are consistent. The left sector gear and the right sector gear are used for realizing the reciprocating movement of the middle magnetic system.
In order to solve the problem that a common one-way bearing cannot bear radial force, the structure of the existing one-way bearing is modified, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing are provided with the slide ways and the balls, so that the inner ring and the outer ring are separately supported, when the radial force is large, the inner ring is in contact with the outer ring through the balls, the abrasion problem caused by direct contact between the inner ring and the outer ring is avoided, and the service life of the one-way bearing is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view D-D of FIG. 2; ,
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the upper magnetic system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of the magnetic system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the magnetic system configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the present invention in a working state when a horizontally disposed workpiece is hoisted;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the present invention in a working state when a workpiece is lifted and placed obliquely;
FIG. 13 is a magnetic circuit diagram illustrating the suck state of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a magnetic circuit diagram illustrating the unloading state of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the construction of the one-way bearing of the present invention, shown without the bearing seat 24-6;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the one-way bearing of the present invention;
the labels in the figures are: the device comprises a left sector gear 1, an idler gear 2, an outer large gear 3, a left rotating arm 4, an inner large gear 5, a right rotating arm 6, a gear shaft supporting plate 7, a reversing gear 8, a right sector gear 9, an outer small gear 10, a rack 11, a front guard plate 12, a middle magnetic system 13, an upper magnetic system 14, an inner small gear 15, a shaft 16, a hollow shaft 17, a left rotating arm circular ratchet wheel 18, a left rotating arm circular pawl 19, a right rotating arm circular ratchet wheel 20, a right rotating arm circular pawl 21, a reset spring 22, an outer magnetizer 23, a one-way bearing 24, a middle magnetizer 25, a rear guard plate 26, an inner magnetizer 27, a small shaft 28, a mandrel 29, a lower magnetic system left magnetic steel 30, a lower magnetic system right magnetic steel 31, a left small hanging chain 32, a hanger 33, a right small hanging chain 34, a lifting hanging chain 35 and a workpiece 36;
a left magnetic pole slider 13-1, a middle magnetic system left magnetizer 13-2, a middle magnetic system magnetic steel 13-3, a right magnetic pole slider 13-4 and a middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5;
the magnetic field generator comprises a left magnetic pole half shaft 14-1, an upper magnetic system upper magnetizer 14-2, upper magnetic system magnetic steel 14-3, a right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 and an upper magnetic system lower magnetizer 14-5;
the inner ring 24-1, the spring 24-2, the roller 24-3, the ball 24-4, the outer ring 24-5 and the bearing seat 24-6.
Detailed Description
The left sector gear 1 and the idle gear 2 are fixedly connected with a small shaft 28 through keys, the small shaft 28 is arranged between the front guard plate 12 and the gear shaft supporting plate 7, the reversing gear 8 is arranged on a mandrel 29, and the mandrel 29 is fixed on the front guard plate 12 through bolts; the rack 11 is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole slide block 13-4 of a middle magnetic system 13 through a bolt, the right sector gear 9 is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 of an upper magnetic system 14 through a key, the outer pinion 10 is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 of the upper magnetic system 14 through a key, the inner pinion 15 is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 of the upper magnetic system 14 through a key, the outer gearwheel 3 is fixedly connected with a shaft 16 through a key, and the inner gearwheel 5 is fixedly connected with a hollow shaft 17 through a key; the left sector gear 1 is meshed with the rack 11; the reversing gear 8 is simultaneously meshed with the outer small gear 10 and the outer large gear 3; the right sector gear 9 is meshed with the rack 11; the inner small gear 15 is respectively meshed with the inner large gear 5 and the idle gear 2; referring to fig. 6 and 7, a left rotating arm round ratchet wheel 18 is fixedly connected with a hollow shaft 17 through a key, a right rotating arm round ratchet wheel 20 is fixedly connected with a shaft 16 through a key, the inner hole surfaces of a left rotating arm round pawl 19 and a right rotating arm round pawl 21 which work in cooperation with the two round ratchet wheels are respectively provided with a through rectangular groove, the outer surfaces of small cylindrical parts at the inner sides of a left rotating arm 4 and a right rotating arm 6 are respectively provided with a convex rectangular slideway, and the rectangular grooves of the left rotating arm round pawl 19 and the right rotating arm round pawl 21 are respectively arranged on the convex rectangular slideways of the left rotating arm 4 and the right rotating arm 6 so as to enable the rectangular slideways to synchronously rotate with the rotating arms and realize axial movement; the two return springs 22 are respectively sleeved between the left rotating arm 4 and the left rotating arm round pawl 19 and between the right rotating arm 6 and the right rotating arm round pawl 21 and used for ensuring that the two round pawls can be tightly pressed on the round ratchet wheel; the unidirectional bearing assembly 24 is fixedly connected with the rear guard plate 26, and the left magnetic pole half shaft 14-1 of the upper magnetic system 14 is positioned in the unidirectional bearing assembly 24; the upper magnetic system 14 is arranged between the middle magnetizer 25 and the outer magnetizer 23, the middle magnetic system 13 is arranged below the middle magnetizer 25, and the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel 30 and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel 31 are respectively arranged between the inner magnetizer 27 and the outer magnetizer 23;
the two ends of the outer magnetizer 23, the middle magnetizer 25 and the inner magnetizer 27 are respectively and fixedly connected with the front guard plate 12 and the rear guard plate 26, and the upper magnetic system 14 rotates in a circular cavity formed by the middle magnetizer 25 and the outer magnetizer 23; the middle magnetic system moves left and right on the slide ways of the front guard plate 12 and the rear guard plate 26; the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel 30 and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel 31 jointly form a lower magnetic system;
the hollow shaft 17 is of a hollow structure, the shaft 16 is sleeved in the hollow shaft 17 in an empty way, and no contact exists between the two shafts;
the mounting end of the rack 11 is a rectangular groove, the front end of the right magnetic pole sliding block 13-4 is a rectangular lug, and the two are fixedly connected through a bolt;
the structure of the middle magnetic system 13 is as follows: the left magnetic pole slider 13-1 and the right magnetic pole slider 13-4 are respectively fixedly connected with the middle magnetic system left magnetizer 13-2 and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5 through bolts, and the middle magnetic system magnetic steel 13-3 is arranged between the middle magnetic system left magnetizer 13-2 and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5;
the upper magnetic system 14 has the structure that: the left magnetic pole half shaft 14-1 and the right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 are fixed with an upper magnetic system magnetizer 14-2 through bolts and positioning pins, and an upper magnetic system magnetic steel 14-3 is arranged between the upper magnetic system magnetizer I14-2 and the upper magnetic system magnetizer II 14-5;
the one-way bearing assembly 24 structure is: the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5 are both provided with a key groove and a slideway and are sleeved, the spring 24-2 is arranged in the inner ring 24-1, the roller 24-3 is positioned on the slope of the inner ring 24-1, the ball 24-4 is arranged on the slideway of the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5, the inner ring 24-1 is fixedly connected with the left magnetic pole half shaft 14-1 of the upper magnetic system through a key, and the outer ring 24-5 is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 24-6 through a key;
the left small sling chain 32 connects the left rotating arm 4 with the sling 33, the right small sling chain 34 connects the right rotating arm 6 with the sling 33, and the four hoisting sling chains 35 are uniformly distributed at four corners of the hoisting permanent magnet and are respectively connected with the sling 33.
Principle of operation
The permanent magnetic circuit of the invention has three groups of magnetic systems including an upper magnetic system, a lower magnetic system and a middle magnetic system, and has stronger magnetic attraction force compared with the common double-magnetic system lifting permanent magnet, thereby further improving the weight attraction ratio of the lifting permanent magnet. The driving structure part adopts a mode of nesting a hollow shaft into a solid shaft to respectively drive two sets of cylindrical gear mechanisms to act and the sector gear mechanisms, thereby realizing the anti-inclination function of the composite magnetic system hoisting permanent magnet; aiming at the problem that the one-way bearing cannot bear axial force, the ball bearing is added between the inner ring and the outer ring, so that the one-way bearing can still normally work under the condition of larger radial force.
The working principle of the composite magnetic system absorber is as follows:
when attracting, as shown in fig. 13, the S pole of the upper magnetic system 14 faces upward, the middle magnetic system 13 is located on the left side of the magnetic circuit, and at this time, the magnetic force lines emitted from the N pole of the upper magnetic system 14 return to the S pole of the upper magnetic system 14 through the upper magnetic system lower magnetizer 14-5, the middle magnetizer 25, the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5, the inner magnetizer 27, the workpiece 36, the outer magnetizer 23, and the upper magnetic system upper magnetizer 14-2 to form a closed magnetic loop. The magnetic force lines emitted from the N pole of the middle magnetic system 13 pass through the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5, the inner magnetizer 27, the workpiece 36, the outer magnetizer 23 and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-2 to return to the S pole of the middle magnetic system 13, so as to form a closed magnetic loop. Taking the left magnetic steel 30 of the lower magnetic system as an example, the magnetic force lines emitted from the N pole of the lower magnetic system return to the S pole of the lower magnetic system after passing through the inner magnetizer 27, the workpiece 36 and the outer magnetizer 23 to form a closed magnetic loop, and the lifting permanent magnet can realize the attraction by the action of the closed magnetic loop with the consistent directions of the three paths.
The working principle of unloading the composite magnetic system is as follows:
when unloading, as shown in fig. 14, the N pole of the upper magnetic system 14 faces upward, the middle magnetic system 13 is located on the right side of the magnetic circuit, and at this time, the magnetic force lines emitted from the N pole of the upper magnetic system 14 pass through the upper magnetic system upper magnetizer 14-2, the outer magnetizer 23, the workpiece 36, the inner magnetizer 27, the middle magnetic system left magnetizer 13-2, the middle magnetizer 25 and the upper magnetic system lower magnetizer 14-5 to return to the S pole of the upper magnetic system 14, thereby forming a closed magnetic loop. The magnetic lines of force emitted from the N pole of the middle magnetic system 13 pass through the middle magnetic system right magnetizer 13-5, the outer magnetizer 23, the workpiece 36, the inner magnetizer 27 and the middle magnetic system left magnetizer 13-2 to return to the S pole of the middle magnetic system 13, thereby forming a closed loop. And the magnetic force lines emitted from the N pole of the lower magnetic system return to the S pole of the lower magnetic system after passing through the inner magnetizer 27, the workpiece 36 and the outer magnetizer 23 to form a closed magnetic loop. Because the closed magnetic circuit path direction of the lower magnetic system is opposite to that of the upper magnetic system 14 and the middle magnetic system 13, the three closed magnetic circuits interact and offset, and the lifting permanent magnet can realize unloading.
When the workpiece is horizontally placed in a hoisting mode, the hoisting permanent magnet absorbs and unloads the workpiece according to the principle that:
the lifting appliance 33 of the lifting permanent magnet is hung on a lifting hook of a crane or a travelling crane, the lifting permanent magnet is moved to the upper part of the workpiece 36 and is lowered to the surface of the workpiece 36 under the driving of the crane or the travelling crane, the lifting appliance 33 moves downwards, and the left and the right small lifting chains 32 and 34 and the lifting chain 35 are loosened. Under the action of gravity, the left and right arms 4 and 6 fall to the lowest position, and the left and right arm pawls 19 and 21 mounted on the rotating arms slide to the next tooth along the surface of the circular ratchet wheel as the left and right arms rotate. When the lifting appliance 33 moves upwards, the left small lifting chain 32 and the right small lifting chain 34 are simultaneously tensioned to drive the left rotating arm 4 and the right rotating arm 6 to lift upwards, the left rotating arm round pawl 19 arranged on the left rotating arm 4 pushes the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel 18 to rotate clockwise, the inner large gear 5 coaxial with the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel 18 rotates clockwise, and the inner small gear 15 meshed with the inner large gear is pushed to rotate anticlockwise; a right rotating arm round pawl 21 arranged on the right rotating arm 6 pushes a right rotating arm round ratchet wheel 20 to rotate anticlockwise, an outer large gear 3 coaxial with the right rotating arm round ratchet wheel 20 rotates anticlockwise, a reversing gear 8 meshed with the right rotating arm round ratchet wheel is pushed to rotate clockwise, the reversing gear 8 pushes an outer small gear 10 to rotate anticlockwise, and an upper magnetic system 14 rotates anticlockwise by 180 degrees to reach a suction position under the combined action of an inner small gear 15 and the outer small gear 10; meanwhile, the inner pinion 15 pushes the idle gear 2 to rotate clockwise, and the left sector gear 1 coaxial with the idle gear 2 can push the rack 11 to move to the left side and drive the middle magnetic system 13 to move to the object suction position (at this time, the right sector gear 9 is already disengaged from the rack 11), so that the object suction can be realized. After the workpiece 36 reaches the designated position, repeating the hoisting operation to rotate the upper magnetic system 14 by 180 degrees to the unloading position again; meanwhile, the left sector gear 1 is disengaged from the rack 11 along with the rotation of the idle gear 2, and waits for the next action; and the right sector gear 9 fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 is gradually meshed with the rack 11 and pushes the rack 11 to move rightwards, and the rack 11 drives the middle magnetic system 13 to a material unloading position, so that the material unloading can be realized.
When an inclined workpiece is hoisted, the hoisting permanent magnet material sucking and unloading principle is as follows:
taking the workpiece inclined to the left as an example, as shown in fig. 11, a lifting permanent magnet hanger 33 is hung on a hook of a crane or a traveling crane, the lifting permanent magnet is moved above an inclined workpiece 36 and is lowered to the surface of the workpiece 36 under the drive of the crane or the traveling crane, the lifting permanent magnet hanger 33 is moved downward, the left and right small chains 32 and 34 and the lifting chain 35 are loosened, the left and right booms 4 and 6 are lowered to the lowest position under the action of gravity, and the left boom round pawl 19 and the right boom round pawl 21 mounted on the boom slide to the next tooth along the round ratchet surface along with the rotation of the boom. When the lifting appliance 33 moves upwards, the left small lifting chain 32 is firstly tensioned under the influence of the inclination angle of the workpiece 36, the right small lifting chain 34 is still in a loose state, the left rotating arm 4 is lifted upwards, and the right rotating arm 6 is not moved; a left rotating arm round pawl 19 arranged on the left rotating arm 4 pushes a left rotating arm round ratchet wheel 18 to rotate clockwise, an inner large gear 5 coaxial with the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel 18 rotates clockwise, and an inner small gear 15 meshed with the inner large gear is pushed to rotate anticlockwise, so that the upper magnetic system 14 rotates 180 degrees to a suction position; meanwhile, the inner side pinion 15 pushes the idle gear 2 to rotate clockwise, and the left sector gear 1 which is coaxial with the idle gear 2 can push the rack 11 to move to the left side and drive the middle magnetic system 13 to move to the object suction position leftwards (at this time, the right sector gear 9 is disengaged from the rack 11), so that the object suction can be realized. After the workpiece 35 reaches the designated position, no matter the workpiece is placed obliquely or horizontally, the hoisting action is repeated, so that the upper magnetic system 14 rotates 180 degrees again to the unloading position; meanwhile, the left sector gear 1 is disengaged from the rack 11 along with the rotation of the idle gear 2, and waits for the next action; and the right sector gear 9 fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft 14-4 is gradually meshed with the rack 11 and pushes the rack 11 to move rightwards, and the rack 11 drives the middle magnetic system 13 to a material unloading position, so that the material unloading can be realized.
The improved one-way bearing has the working principle that:
after an inner ring 24-1 and an outer ring 24-5 of the one-way bearing are sleeved and mounted, a wedge-shaped gap is formed between the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5, when the inner ring 24-1 rotates in the positive direction, the roller 24-3 moves to the large end of the wedge-shaped gap, and no obstruction exists between the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5; when the roller 24-3 rotates reversely, the roller moves to the small end of the wedge-shaped gap, so that the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5 are self-locked, and the purpose of unidirectional rotation is achieved; when the one-way bearing 24 bears a large radial force, the balls 24-4 between the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5 can play a role of separation and support, so that the problem of aggravated abrasion of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing caused by direct contact between the inner ring 24-1 and the outer ring 24-5 under the action of the radial force is avoided, the one-way bearing can also normally work when bearing the large radial force, and the service life of the one-way bearing is prolonged.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a ware is inhaled to multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnetism which characterized in that: the left sector gear and the idle gear are fixedly connected with a small shaft through keys, the small shaft is arranged between the front guard plate and the gear shaft supporting plate, the reversing gear is arranged on a mandrel, and the mandrel is fixed on the front guard plate through bolts; the rack is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole slide block of the middle magnetic system through a bolt, the right sector gear is fixedly connected with a right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the outer pinion is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the inner pinion is fixedly connected with the right magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, the outer gearwheel is fixedly connected with a shaft through a key, and the inner gearwheel is fixedly connected with a hollow shaft through a key; the left sector gear is meshed with the rack; the reversing gear is simultaneously meshed with the outer small gear and the outer large gear; the right sector gear is meshed with the rack; the inner side pinion is respectively meshed with the inner side gearwheel and the idle gear; the left rotating arm round ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft through a key, the right rotating arm round ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with the shaft through a key, the inner hole surfaces of a left rotating arm round pawl and a right rotating arm round pawl which work in cooperation with the two round ratchet wheels are respectively provided with a through rectangular groove, the outer surfaces of small cylindrical parts at the inner sides of the left rotating arm and the right rotating arm are respectively provided with a convex rectangular slideway, and the rectangular grooves of the left rotating arm round pawl and the right rotating arm round pawl are respectively arranged on the convex rectangular slideways of the left rotating arm and the right rotating arm so as to be capable of synchronously rotating with the rotating arms and realizing axial movement; the two return springs are respectively sleeved between the left rotating arm and the left rotating arm circular pawl and between the right rotating arm and the right rotating arm circular pawl and used for ensuring that the two circular pawls can be tightly pressed on the circular ratchet wheel; the unidirectional bearing assembly is fixedly connected with the rear guard plate, and the left magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system is positioned in the unidirectional bearing assembly; the upper magnetic system is arranged between the middle magnetizer and the outer magnetizer, the middle magnetic system is arranged below the middle magnetizer, and the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel are respectively arranged between the inner magnetizer and the outer magnetizer.
2. The multi-stage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the outer magnetizer, the middle magnetizer and the inner magnetizer are respectively and fixedly connected with the front guard plate and the rear guard plate, and the upper magnet system rotates in a circular cavity formed by the middle magnetizer and the outer magnetizer; the middle magnetic system moves left and right on the slide ways of the front guard plate and the rear guard plate; the lower magnetic system left magnetic steel and the lower magnetic system right magnetic steel jointly form a lower magnetic system.
3. The permanent magnetic suction crane with a multistage magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow shaft is of a hollow structure, the shaft is sleeved in the hollow shaft, and the two shafts are not in contact with each other.
4. The permanent magnetic suction crane with a multistage magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting end of the rack is a rectangular groove, the front end of the right magnetic pole sliding block is a rectangular convex block, and the rack and the right magnetic pole sliding block are fixedly connected through a bolt.
5. The permanent magnetic suction crane with a multistage magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the medium magnetic system structure is as follows: the left magnetic pole slider and the right magnetic pole slider are respectively fixedly connected with the middle magnetic system left magnetizer and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer through bolts, and the middle magnetic system magnetic steel is arranged between the middle magnetic system left magnetizer and the middle magnetic system right magnetizer.
6. The permanent magnetic suction crane with a multistage magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper magnetic system structure is as follows: the left magnetic pole half shaft and the right magnetic pole half shaft are fixed with the upper magnetic system magnetizer through bolts and positioning pins, and the upper magnetic system magnetic steel is installed between the upper magnetic system magnetizer I and the upper magnetic system magnetizer II.
7. The permanent magnetic suction crane with a multistage magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the one-way bearing assembly structure is as follows: the inner ring and the outer ring are both provided with a key groove and a slideway, the key groove and the slideway are sleeved and installed, the spring is installed in the inner ring, the roller is positioned on the slope of the inner ring, the ball is installed on the slideway of the inner ring and the outer ring, the inner ring is fixedly connected with a left magnetic pole half shaft of the upper magnetic system through a key, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the bearing seat through a key.
8. The multi-stage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left small lifting chain connects the left rotating arm with the lifting appliance, the right small lifting chain connects the right rotating arm with the lifting appliance, and the lifting chains are four in number and are uniformly distributed at four corners of the lifting permanent magnet and respectively connected with the lifting appliance.
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| CN202010958383.9A CN111994768B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction hanger |
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| CN202010958383.9A CN111994768B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Multistage magnetic circuit permanent magnet suction hanger |
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| CN111994768B true CN111994768B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
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| CN111994768A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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