CN111992705B - Preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017818 Cu—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910018167 Al—Be Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018566 Al—Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910007565 Zn—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009878 intermolecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/182—Graphene
- C01B32/194—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
Abstract
A preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder relates to a preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder. The method aims to solve the problems of nonuniform dispersion of graphene and serious damage of graphene in the method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder. The method comprises the following steps: adding graphene into an ammonia water solution, stirring under ultrasonic to obtain a pretreated graphene solution, adding aluminum metal powder into a tin chloride solution, stirring under ultrasonic to obtain a pretreated aluminum metal powder solution, mixing the graphene solution and the pretreated aluminum metal powder solution to obtain a graphene-aluminum dispersion solution, and finally filtering and drying. According to the method, the interface adsorption of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder can be promoted through sensitization treatment, and the combination of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder is improved; the method has no damage to graphene, the components of the prepared graphene-aluminum mixed powder can be accurately controlled, the production is convenient, and the cost is low. The method is suitable for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder.
Background
The graphene is a novel nano reinforcement, and ideally, the graphene is sp2The two-dimensional layered structure formed by connecting carbon atoms in a hybrid state has extremely high mechanical property (tensile strength is more than 130GPa) and thermoelectric property (thermal conductivity is more than 5 multiplied by 10)-3W/mK). The aluminum metal powder is an important raw material required for preparing the aluminum-based material, and the graphene serving as a brand-new two-dimensional nano reinforcement is often added into an aluminum matrix to improve the comprehensive performance of the material; the graphene is added in a mode that the graphene is mixed with aluminum metal powder to prepare graphene-aluminum mixed powder, and then sintering molding is carried out. At present, the preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder mainly comprises a mechanical ball milling method, a stirring dispersion method, an in-situ self-generation method and the like. The mechanical dispersion method has high production efficiency, but the impact effect of mechanical ball milling can cause the nano-scale of the grapheneThe structure is destroyed, and a large number of void defects (partial sp) are generated in the complete crystal lattice2Conversion of carbon atoms to sp3Carbon atoms) and the existence of the hole defects lead to the great reduction of the stress transfer, the electron transmission and the phonon heat conduction capability of the graphene. The dispersion degree of the stirring dispersion method is low, the wettability of graphene and aluminum metal powder is poor, the graphene is not easy to adsorb and disperse on the surface of the aluminum metal powder, and agglomeration is easy to occur. Graphene grown by the in-situ autobiogenesis method is well combined with aluminum metal, but the cost is high and the yield is low. Therefore, a method for preparing graphene-aluminum mixed powder with high dispersion efficiency, no damage to graphene, high dispersion degree and low cost is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder, aiming at solving the problems of nonuniform dispersion of graphene and serious damage of graphene in the preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder.
The preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, weighing materials: respectively weighing graphene powder and aluminum metal powder according to mass fractions;
secondly, graphene pretreatment: adding the graphene weighed in the step one into an ammonia water solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated graphene solution;
thirdly, preprocessing aluminum metal powder: adding the aluminum metal powder weighed in the step one into a tin chloride solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated aluminum metal powder solution;
fourthly, mixing:
mixing the graphene solution pretreated in the step two with the aluminum metal powder solution pretreated in the step three, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid;
fifthly, filtering and drying the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid obtained in the step four to obtain graphene-aluminum mixed powder, and thus completing the preparation.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method adopts the aqueous solution of tin chloride to sensitize the surface of the aluminum metal powder, so that the surface of the aluminum metal powder adsorbs cations and is positively charged; treating the surface of the graphene by ammonia water to enable the surface of the graphene to adsorb anions and to be negatively charged; and mixing the pretreated aluminum powder and the graphene, performing ultrasonic stirring and dispersion, and finally performing vacuum filtration and drying to obtain the graphene-aluminum mixed powder. The sensitization treatment can promote the interface adsorption of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder, and promote the combination of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder, so that the graphene-aluminum mixed powder has higher stability and is not easy to desorb and separate;
2. according to the invention, the dispersion of graphene and aluminum metal powder is realized through high-frequency ultrasound and stirring, the ultrasound has a cavitation effect, when the solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasound uniformly acts between graphene layers and generates fine bubbles, so that a agglomeration structure is opened, therefore, the stirring process is matched with the ultrasound effect, the graphene and the aluminum metal powder are uniformly mixed, and the dispersion degree of a finished product is high;
3. the method adopts ultrasonic waves for dispersion, does not relate to mechanical action, has no damage to graphene, and retains the complete mechanical property of the graphene to the maximum extent;
4. the ultrasonic power adopted by the invention is higher, the intermolecular interaction can be promoted to a great extent, when the multilayer graphene is used as a raw material, the ultrasonic dispersion can cause the vibration among the multilayer graphene layers, the opening among the multilayer graphene layers is realized, the conversion of the multilayer graphene to the few-layer graphene is further realized, and the graphene quality is improved; the high-energy ultrasonic action can also crush the agglomerated aluminum metal powder with large particle size and untight combination, and the diameter of the powder is thinned;
5. the components of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder prepared by the method can be accurately controlled, the production is convenient, and the cost is low; the method is also suitable for dispersing other nano carbon reinforcements such as carbon nano tubes, amorphous carbon and the like, and has larger application potential.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a microstructure photograph of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder obtained in example one.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and any reasonable combination of the specific embodiments is included.
The first embodiment is as follows: the preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder of the embodiment is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, weighing materials: respectively weighing graphene powder and aluminum metal powder according to mass fractions;
secondly, graphene pretreatment: adding the graphene weighed in the step one into an ammonia water solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated graphene solution;
thirdly, preprocessing aluminum metal powder: adding the aluminum metal powder weighed in the step one into a tin chloride solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated aluminum metal powder solution;
fourthly, mixing:
mixing the graphene solution pretreated in the step two with the aluminum metal powder solution pretreated in the step three, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid;
fifthly, filtering and drying the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid obtained in the step four to obtain graphene-aluminum mixed powder, and thus completing the preparation.
1. In the embodiment, the surface of the aluminum metal powder is sensitized by adopting the aqueous solution of tin chloride, so that the surface of the aluminum metal powder adsorbs cations and is positively charged; treating the surface of the graphene by ammonia water to enable the surface of the graphene to adsorb anions and to be negatively charged; and mixing the pretreated aluminum powder and the graphene, performing ultrasonic stirring and dispersion, and finally performing vacuum filtration and drying to obtain the graphene-aluminum mixed powder. The sensitization treatment can promote the interface adsorption of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder, and promote the combination of the graphene and the aluminum metal powder, so that the graphene-aluminum mixed powder has higher stability and is not easy to desorb and separate;
2. according to the embodiment, the dispersion of the graphene and aluminum metal powder is realized through high-frequency ultrasound and stirring, the ultrasonic waves have a cavitation effect, when the solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasonic waves uniformly act between graphene layers and generate fine bubbles, so that a agglomeration structure is opened, therefore, the stirring process is matched with the ultrasonic effect, the graphene and aluminum metal powder are uniformly mixed, and the dispersion degree of a finished product is high;
3. the embodiment adopts ultrasonic waves for dispersion, does not relate to mechanical action, has no damage to graphene, and retains the complete mechanical property of the graphene to the maximum extent;
4. the ultrasonic power adopted by the embodiment is high, the intermolecular interaction can be promoted to a great extent, when the multi-layer graphene is used as a raw material, vibration is generated among the multi-layer graphene layers due to ultrasonic dispersion, the multi-layer graphene layers are opened, the conversion from the multi-layer graphene to the few-layer graphene is further realized, and the graphene quality is improved; the high-energy ultrasonic action can also crush the agglomerated aluminum metal powder with large particle size and untight combination, and the diameter of the powder is thinned;
5. the components of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder prepared by the embodiment can be accurately controlled, the production is convenient, and the cost is low; the method of the embodiment is also suitable for dispersing other nano carbon reinforcements such as carbon nano tubes, amorphous carbon and the like, and has great application potential.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: when the graphene and the aluminum metal powder are respectively weighed according to the mass fraction in the first step, the mass fraction of the graphene is 0.1-5%, and the balance is the aluminum metal powder.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: step two NH in the ammonia solution3·H2The mass fraction of O is 5-30%.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: and the solvent of the ammonia water solution in the second step is water, absolute ethyl alcohol or a mixed solution of water and absolute ethyl alcohol in any proportion.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: step three, SnCl in the stannic chloride solution2The mass fraction of (A) is 0.5-10%.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: and the solvent of the stannic chloride solution in the third step is water, absolute ethyl alcohol or a mixed solution of water and absolute ethyl alcohol in any proportion.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: and in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, the ultrasonic power is 250-1000W, the stirring speed is 50-300 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-5 h.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: and in the fifth step, the drying process of the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid is freeze drying for 0.5-12 h at-10 to-120 ℃, or drying for 1-24 h under vacuum or protective atmosphere at 50-200 ℃.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment differs from the first to eighth embodiments in that: in the first step, the aluminum metal powder is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder; the aluminum alloy is one or the combination of several of Al-Si alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mg alloy, Al-Si-Cu alloy, Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Zn-Cu alloy, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Al-Be alloy, Al-Li alloy and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si alloy is 0.5-25%; the mass fraction of Cu in the Al-Cu alloy is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Mg in the Al-Mg alloy is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Cu alloy is 0.5-25%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Mg alloy is 0.5-25%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Cu in the Al-Cu-Mg alloy is 0.5-53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Cu alloy is 0.5-55%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is 0.5-55%, the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Be in the Al-Be alloy is 0.5-20%; the mass fraction of Li in the Al-Li alloy is 0.5-35%; the mass fraction of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy Si is 0.5-25%, the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, weighing materials: weighing 2% of graphene and 98% of aluminum metal powder according to mass fraction;
in the first step, the aluminum alloy powder is Al-Mg-Si alloy; in the Al-Mg-Si alloy, Mg accounts for 4.5 percent, Si accounts for 2.5 percent and Cu accounts for 0.8 percent;
secondly, graphene pretreatment: adding the graphene weighed in the step one into an ammonia water solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated graphene solution;
step two NH in the ammonia solution3·H2The mass fraction of O is 5 percent;
the solvent of the ammonia water solution in the step two is water;
secondly, the ultrasonic power is 600W, the stirring speed is 100r/min, and the stirring time is 1 h;
thirdly, preprocessing aluminum metal powder: adding the aluminum metal powder weighed in the step one into a tin chloride solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated aluminum metal powder solution;
step three, SnCl in the stannic chloride solution2The mass fraction of (A) is 5%;
the solvent of the stannic chloride solution in the third step is water;
thirdly, the ultrasonic power is 350W, the stirring speed is 100r/min, and the stirring time is 1 h;
fourthly, mixing:
mixing the graphene solution pretreated in the step two with the aluminum metal powder solution pretreated in the step three, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid;
fourthly, the ultrasonic power is 300W, the stirring speed is 100r/min, and the stirring time is 3 h;
fifthly, filtering and drying the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid obtained in the step four to obtain graphene-aluminum mixed powder, and thus completing the preparation.
Drying the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid at 90 ℃ in vacuum or protective atmosphere for 24 hours in the step five;
fig. 1 is a microstructure photograph of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder obtained in example one. Fig. 1 shows that graphene nanoplatelets are uniformly adsorbed on the surface of aluminum metal powder, and no agglomeration phenomenon or graphene desorption phenomenon occurs.
Filling the graphene-aluminum mixed powder obtained in the embodiment 1 into a mold, pressing to obtain a preform, preheating the preform to 620 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; taking an aluminum alloy with the same material as the aluminum metal powder in the step one, and heating the aluminum alloy to be 150 ℃ above the melting point in a protective atmosphere to obtain aluminum metal liquid; adding aluminum metal liquid into a mold, carrying out pressure infiltration, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a cluster type graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composite ingot; and (3) placing the graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite ingot into a hot extrusion machine for hot extrusion, heating to 450 ℃ after the hot extrusion, and preserving heat for 1.5 hours to obtain the graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite. The pressing process of the prefabricated body comprises the following steps: pressurizing to 20MPa at a pressurizing speed of 0.1mm/min and maintaining the pressure for 15 min; the pressure during the pressure infiltration is 100KN, and the infiltration speed is 1 mm/s; the hot extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extrusion speed is 2mm/s, the extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 13: 1;
the bending strength of the obtained graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite material is 680MPa, the yield strength is 320MPa, the tensile strength is 420MPa, the elongation is 13%, and the fracture toughness is 41MPa/m1/2。
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of graphene-aluminum mixed powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the graphene-aluminum mixed powder is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, weighing materials: respectively weighing graphene powder and aluminum metal powder according to mass fractions;
secondly, graphene pretreatment: adding the graphene weighed in the step one into an ammonia water solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated graphene solution;
thirdly, preprocessing aluminum metal powder: adding the aluminum metal powder weighed in the step one into a tin chloride solution, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a pretreated aluminum metal powder solution;
fourthly, mixing:
mixing the graphene solution pretreated in the step two with the aluminum metal powder solution pretreated in the step three, and stirring under an ultrasonic condition to obtain a graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid;
fifthly, filtering and drying the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid obtained in the step four to obtain graphene-aluminum mixed powder, and finishing;
and in the second step, the third step and the fourth step, the ultrasonic power is 250-1000W, the stirring speed is 50-300 r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5-5 h.
2. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: when the graphene and the aluminum metal powder are respectively weighed according to the mass fraction in the first step, the mass fraction of the graphene is 0.1-5%, and the balance is the aluminum metal powder.
3. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: step two NH in the ammonia solution3·H2The mass fraction of O is 5-30%.
4. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: and the solvent of the ammonia water solution in the second step is water, absolute ethyl alcohol or a mixed solution of water and absolute ethyl alcohol in any proportion.
5. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: step three, SnCl in the stannic chloride solution2The mass fraction of (A) is 0.5-10%.
6. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: and the solvent of the stannic chloride solution in the third step is water, absolute ethyl alcohol or a mixed solution of water and absolute ethyl alcohol in any proportion.
7. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the drying process of the graphene-aluminum dispersion liquid is freeze drying for 0.5-12 h at-10 to-120 ℃, or drying for 1-24 h under vacuum or protective atmosphere at 50-200 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the aluminum metal powder is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy powder; the aluminum alloy is one or the combination of several of Al-Si alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Mg alloy, Al-Si-Cu alloy, Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al-Cu-Mg alloy, Al-Zn-Cu alloy, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy, Al-Be alloy, Al-Li alloy and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy.
9. The method for preparing the graphene-aluminum mixed powder according to claim 8, wherein: the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si alloy is 0.5-25%; the mass fraction of Cu in the Al-Cu alloy is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Mg in the Al-Mg alloy is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Cu alloy is 0.5-25%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Si in the Al-Si-Mg alloy is 0.5-25%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Cu in the Al-Cu-Mg alloy is 0.5-53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Cu alloy is 0.5-55%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Zn in the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is 0.5-55%, the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%, and the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%; the mass fraction of Be in the Al-Be alloy is 0.5-20%; the mass fraction of Li in the Al-Li alloy is 0.5-35%; the mass fraction of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy Si is 0.5-25%, the mass fraction of Cu is 0.5-53%, and the mass fraction of Mg is 0.5-38%.
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