CN111987449A - Radar antenna array structure with low side lobe - Google Patents
Radar antenna array structure with low side lobe Download PDFInfo
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- CN111987449A CN111987449A CN202010737161.4A CN202010737161A CN111987449A CN 111987449 A CN111987449 A CN 111987449A CN 202010737161 A CN202010737161 A CN 202010737161A CN 111987449 A CN111987449 A CN 111987449A
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- metamaterial
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- wave
- absorbing material
- array structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure which comprises an antenna cover and an antenna, wherein the antenna cover covers the antenna, a metamaterial wave-absorbing material is arranged on the inner surface of the antenna cover, the metamaterial wave-absorbing material comprises a metamaterial layer, a middle dielectric layer and a reference stratum which are arranged in a stacked mode, the reference stratum is attached to the inner wall of the antenna cover, the metamaterial layer faces towards the antenna, the metamaterial layer comprises a plurality of metamaterial units, and the metamaterial units are arranged periodically. The invention can improve the side lobe performance of the radar antenna without influencing the working frequency, the working bandwidth and the gain of the radar antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a radar antenna array structure with low side lobe.
Background
The millimeter wave radar is one of the most important sensors in the field of active safety of automobiles, and has the characteristics of strong capability of penetrating fog, smoke and dust, capability of working all day long and all weather and the like. With the increasing level of automation and intelligence of automobiles and the pursuit of consumers for higher automobile safety, millimeter wave radars are increasingly used in automobiles, especially in auto-driving automobiles.
At present, whole trade all puts into a large amount of manpower and material resources at 77 GHz's radar, but because signal processing is to radar antenna overall arrangement, the phase place between radar transmission and the receiving antenna has special demands, so in order to satisfy these demands, can generally be on the radar line is done specific processing, for example equal phase place or the phase place differs the processing of whole cycle times, influenced the smooth transition of radar line to a certain extent, also caused serious influence to radar antenna performance simultaneously, especially had very big influence to radar antenna's side lobe. Therefore, how to design the millimeter wave radar antenna and improve the performance of the radar antenna while keeping the radar information processing requirement is an important technical difficulty in the design of the millimeter wave radar antenna at present.
When the radar detects a target in a short distance, the radar antenna not only requires a certain working bandwidth, but also requires the side lobe performance of the radar antenna, so that the reflection wave on the ground is reduced, the signal to noise ratio of the radar internal signal is improved, and high-quality signal quality is provided for the radar when the target in the short distance is detected. The existing radar cannot meet the requirement of low side lobe, and the existing method for reducing the side lobe of the radar antenna mainly reduces the side lobe of a single linear array and lacks a scheme for reducing the side lobe of the radar antenna after a feeder line.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radar antenna array structure with low side lobe, which can improve the side lobe performance of a radar antenna while not influencing the working frequency, the working bandwidth and the gain of the radar antenna.
The utility model provides a radar antenna array structure of low side lobe, includes antenna house and antenna, the antenna house cover is in the top of antenna, the internal surface of antenna house is equipped with metamaterial wave-absorbing material, metamaterial wave-absorbing material is including metamaterial layer, middle dielectric layer and the reference stratum of range upon range of setting, the inner wall laminating of reference stratum and antenna house, the metamaterial layer orientation the antenna, the metamaterial layer includes a plurality of metamaterial units, the metamaterial unit is the periodicity and arranges.
Furthermore, the metamaterial unit comprises a plurality of branch structures, the branch structures extend outwards from the center of the metamaterial unit, and the branch structures are arranged at equal angles by taking the center of the metamaterial unit as an axis.
Furthermore, the number of the branch structures is eight, and the included angle between the connecting line of the two adjacent branch structures and the center of the metamaterial unit is 45 degrees.
Further, the metamaterial unit is of an AMC or EBG structure.
Furthermore, a wave-absorbing material is attached to the inner side of the antenna housing, and the wave-absorbing material is arranged on the periphery of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material and covers the inner surface of the antenna housing.
Further, the dielectric constant of the wave-absorbing material is greater than 8.
Further, the loss tangent of the wave-absorbing material is greater than 0.1.
Further, the antenna includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.
Furthermore, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a differential feed structure, a matching structure and a feeder line which are connected in sequence, a plurality of radiating bodies are arranged on the feeder line, and the metamaterial wave-absorbing material is arranged above the differential feed structure and the matching structure.
Further, the width of the radiator is gradually reduced from the middle of the feed line to two sides.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the metamaterial wave-absorbing material is arranged above the antenna housing corresponding to the antenna wiring and matched with the wave-absorbing material to reduce radiation of a radar feeder line, so that radar radiation energy is concentrated on a radar antenna unit, radar side lobes are reduced, and side lobe performance of the antenna is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low sidelobe radar antenna array structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna of the low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a metamaterial wave-absorbing material of a low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metamaterial unit of a low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a metamaterial wave-absorbing material and an antenna of a low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure of the invention.
Fig. 6 is an in-phase reflection frequency range diagram of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material of the low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a comparison graph of an E-plane directional diagram of the antenna TX3 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material arranged and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 8 is a comparison graph of an E-plane pattern of the antenna TX2 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 9 is a comparison graph of an E-plane pattern of the antenna RX1 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material arranged and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 10 is a comparison graph of an E-plane pattern of the antenna RX2 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material arranged and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 11 is a comparison graph of an E-plane pattern of the antenna RX3 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material arranged and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Fig. 12 is a comparison graph of an E-plane pattern of the antenna RX4 in fig. 2 with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material arranged and without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in a preferred embodiment, the low-sidelobe radar antenna array structure of the present invention mainly includes a radome 1 and an antenna 2, wherein the radome 1 is covered above the antenna 2.
Wherein, the inner surface of the antenna housing 1 is provided with a metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3. It should be understood that the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 is a special shape etched above the PCB, thereby forming a material with wave-absorbing function. The metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 comprises a metamaterial layer 31, a middle dielectric layer 32 and a reference stratum 33 which are arranged in a stacked mode, the reference stratum 33 is attached to the inner wall of the antenna housing 1, and the metamaterial layer 31 faces the antenna 2. The metamaterial layer 31 comprises a plurality of metamaterial units 4, and the metamaterial units 4 are arranged periodically.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the metamaterial unit 4 includes a plurality of branch structures 5, the branch structures 5 extend outward from the center of the metamaterial unit 4, and the branch structures 5 are arranged at equal angles with the center of the metamaterial unit 4 as an axis. In this embodiment, the number of the branch structures 5 is eight, and an included angle between a connecting line between two adjacent branch structures 5 and the center of the metamaterial unit 4 is 45 °. It should be understood that the shape of the metamaterial unit 4 directly affects the wave-absorbing effect at a large angle, and in this embodiment, the number of the branch structures 5 of the metamaterial unit 4 is eight, and the included angle between the connecting line between two adjacent branch structures 5 and the center of the metamaterial unit 4 is 45 °, so that the wave-absorbing effect at a large angle can be effectively increased.
The metamaterial unit 4 can be implemented with an AMC or EBG structure, it being understood that the EBG structure has a via ground in the middle of the metamaterial unit 4, while the AMC structure has no via. The AMC or EBG structure is a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, but is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the metamaterial unit 4 may adopt other forms of structures.
The specific principle of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 is as follows: equivalent capacitance is formed between the metamaterial layer 31 and the reference ground layer 33, and equivalent inductance is formed between adjacent metamaterial units 4. The metamaterial units 4 are periodically arranged according to a certain rule, so that an in-phase reflecting surface can be formed, when the frequency is low, the planar structure is equivalent to an ideal metal plate, the reflecting phase is pi, the reflecting phase is gradually reduced along with the increase of the frequency, and when the frequency reaches a certain frequency, the reflecting phase is changed into-pi. The range of the reflection phase between pi/2 to-pi/2 is called as in-phase reflection, when electromagnetic waves enter the electromagnetic waves, most energy is absorbed, and the effect of reducing the side lobe of the antenna can be achieved.
The inner side of the antenna housing 1 is provided with the wave-absorbing material 6 in an attached mode, and the wave-absorbing material 6 is arranged on the periphery of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 and covers the inner surface of the antenna housing 1. Specifically, the wave-absorbing material 6 is a material with a wave-absorbing function formed by adding carbon powder to one or more of PA, PC or PBT. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the wave-absorbing material 6 is preferably greater than 8, and the loss tangent is preferably greater than 0.1. The dielectric constant is larger than 8, so that the impedance matching effect can be improved, the binding capacity of the substance to the electromagnetic wave can be enhanced, and the loss tangent is larger than 0.1, so that the electromagnetic wave can be completely absorbed when passing through the wave-absorbing material, and the wave-absorbing effect is improved.
It should be understood that the wave-absorbing material 6 has a good wave-absorbing effect when the electromagnetic waves are incident normally, and has a poor wave-absorbing effect when the electromagnetic waves are incident from a large angle, and the volume of the wave-absorbing material 6 is large. The metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 has good wave-absorbing performance at a large angle and small volume. Through the matching of the wave-absorbing material 6 and the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3, the wave-absorbing effect of electromagnetic waves incident from different angles can be considered, and the reduction of side lobes is further ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the antenna 2 includes a transmitting antenna including an antenna TX1 and an antenna TX2, and a receiving antenna including an antenna RX1, an antenna RX2, an antenna RX3, and an antenna RX 4. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna respectively comprise a differential feed structure 7, a matching structure 8 and a feeder 9 which are sequentially connected, a plurality of radiating bodies 10 are arranged on the feeder 9, and the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 is arranged above the differential feed structure 7 and the matching structure 8. In this embodiment, the width of the radiator 10 gradually decreases from the middle of the feed line 9 to both sides, so that the radar antenna has a larger antenna aperture, and while providing a larger gain, the size of the antenna is ensured to be as small as possible, and the sidelobe level is lower.
Referring to fig. 6, the structure of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material 3 of the present invention can have good in-phase reflection characteristics (-50 °) in the frequency range of 73-80GHz, and good in-phase reflection characteristics (-90 °) in the frequency range of 71-82GHz, which can not only meet the requirements of the current 77GHz radar for wave-absorbing application, but also meet the requirements of the 79GHz radar for wave-absorbing application.
Referring to fig. 7 to 12, it can be seen from comparison of the graphs that the antenna side lobe of the antennas TX1, TX2, RX1, RX2, RX3 and RX4 loaded with the metamaterial wave-absorbing material is reduced by about 5dB compared with the radar antenna side lobe without the metamaterial wave-absorbing material, and has no influence on the gain and beam width of the radar antenna, which indicates that the structure of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material effectively reduces the radar antenna side lobe, and after the radome is added with the radome 1, the antenna side lobe is not deteriorated, so that the quality of the internal signal of the radar can be well improved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, which indicate orientations or positional relationships, are used based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for the simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a radar antenna array structure of low side lobe, its characterized in that, includes antenna house and antenna, the antenna house cover is in the top of antenna, the internal surface of antenna house is equipped with metamaterial wave-absorbing material, metamaterial wave-absorbing material is including the metamaterial layer, middle dielectric layer and the reference stratum of range upon range of setting, the inner wall laminating of reference stratum and antenna house, the metamaterial layer orientation the antenna, the metamaterial layer includes a plurality of metamaterial units, the metamaterial unit is the periodicity and arranges.
2. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 1, wherein the metamaterial unit includes a plurality of branch structures extending outward from a center of the metamaterial unit, the branch structures being equiangularly arranged about the center of the metamaterial unit.
3. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 2, wherein the number of the branch structures is eight, and an angle between two adjacent branch structures and a connecting line of the metamaterial unit centers is 45 °.
4. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 2, wherein the metamaterial units are AMC or EBG structures.
5. The radar antenna array structure with low sidelobe according to claim 1, wherein a wave-absorbing material is attached to the inner side of the radome, and the wave-absorbing material is arranged on the periphery of the metamaterial wave-absorbing material and covers the inner surface of the radome.
6. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 5, wherein said wave absorbing material has a dielectric constant greater than 8.
7. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 5, wherein said wave absorbing material has a loss tangent greater than 0.1.
8. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 1, wherein said antennas comprise transmit and receive antennas.
9. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 8, wherein the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna each comprise a differential feed structure, a matching structure and a feeder line connected in sequence, the feeder line is provided with a plurality of radiators, and the metamaterial wave-absorbing material is disposed above the differential feed structure and the matching structure.
10. The low sidelobe radar antenna array structure of claim 9, wherein the width of the radiators is gradually reduced from the middle of the feed line to both sides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010737161.4A CN111987449A (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Radar antenna array structure with low side lobe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010737161.4A CN111987449A (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Radar antenna array structure with low side lobe |
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| CN111987449A true CN111987449A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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| CN202010737161.4A Pending CN111987449A (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Radar antenna array structure with low side lobe |
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| US6911957B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-06-28 | Harris Corporation | Dynamically variable frequency selective surface |
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| CN205194854U (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-04-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Super surperficial circular polarization ware of ultra wide band electromagnetism |
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| CN111430929A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-17 | 长春师范大学 | Design method of wide stop band frequency selection surface |
-
2020
- 2020-07-28 CN CN202010737161.4A patent/CN111987449A/en active Pending
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| US6911957B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-06-28 | Harris Corporation | Dynamically variable frequency selective surface |
| CN103490171A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Composite wave-absorbing material with wide frequency bands |
| CN205194854U (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-04-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Super surperficial circular polarization ware of ultra wide band electromagnetism |
| CN107317102A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-11-03 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of integrated high-gain band cover antenna coupled system and its design method |
| CN109273863A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司济南特种结构研究所 | A kind of three frequency absorbent structure of Meta Materials based on EMR electromagnetic resonance |
| CN108134192A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-08 | 成都聚利中宇科技有限公司 | Inhibit the Anneta module of antenna parasite sidelobe |
| CN111430929A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-17 | 长春师范大学 | Design method of wide stop band frequency selection surface |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |