CN111986533A - Virtual fire drill system - Google Patents
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- CN111986533A CN111986533A CN202010850338.1A CN202010850338A CN111986533A CN 111986533 A CN111986533 A CN 111986533A CN 202010850338 A CN202010850338 A CN 202010850338A CN 111986533 A CN111986533 A CN 111986533A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual fire-fighting drill system. The system comprises: the fire extinguisher comprises an entity fire extinguisher, a locator, a light tower, a VR helmet and a controller; the physical fire extinguisher is used for controlling the switch state and the spraying direction by user operation, the locator is installed on the physical fire extinguisher, and the light tower is arranged at a drilling place and used for emitting infrared signals; utilize light tower, locator and VR helmet to gather the position and the direction of spraying of entity fire extinguisher and the position and the visual angle direction of VR helmet, the dynamic generation VR image shows on the VR helmet. The invention can provide real training for the use of fire extinguishing equipment for the trainees, can dynamically generate VR images based on the actions of the trainees, and provides comprehensive and vivid training environment and equipment for the trainees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting, and particularly relates to a virtual fire-fighting drill system.
Background
Fire fighting skills are basic skills that professional fire fighters must master, and even for the vast majority of the average citizens, knowledge about the relevant knowledge and some basic experiences are required.
In order to improve the learning and training effects, a vivid scene is indispensable. Even for professional firefighters, the construction of a fire scene is not a simple and easy matter. Firstly, a real fire scene has certain danger; secondly, a certain field is needed for a real fire scene; thirdly, the cost of training in real fire scene is high. Therefore, even professional fire training can only be performed in real fire scene when necessary. For non-professionals, the basic knowledge is not always in place, so that the risk of performing live-action exercises is higher.
Therefore, there is a great demand for realistic, safe and low-site fire-fighting training, and with the progress of virtual reality technology (VR), virtual fire-fighting training using a computer is becoming an important way to solve the problem.
Most of the existing fire-fighting training systems are focused on solving the aspects of scene construction, fire scene simulation, fire escape and the like, scene simulation, simulation calculation and fire-fighting knowledge application are comprehensively applied, and a physical semi-physical building system is combined to achieve the purpose of fire-fighting training. The existing fire-fighting training systems are different in the aspects of technical approaches, training scenes, training contents, training emphasis and the like, and the aspects of technology, training emphasis, applicability and the like presented by the final product are also emphasized.
According to the method and the system for virtual simulation and emergency escape training for fire accidents outside the mine of patent CN201811491083.3, dynamic simulation is carried out on a fire scene by adopting a fire accident numerical simulation method mainly aiming at the characteristics of a mine object, a scene is constructed by adopting virtual reality, training is guided by combining related knowledge of emergency escape, and experience and training can be carried out in a more vivid scene.
Patent CN201810763717.X is a forest fire fighting virtual simulation system construction method based on a Unity 3D technology, aiming at training of forest fires, a forest fire numerical simulation method is adopted to carry out dynamic simulation on fire smoke and the like, a forest scene is constructed by adopting virtual reality, and trainers can provide a vivid forest fire training scene for judging the fire and the correctness of a fire extinguishing process.
Patent CN201710786256.3 is a virtual reality-based simulation training system for building automatic fire fighting equipment, which trains the ability of accurate judgment and correct action of personnel in the fire fighting process by constructing a virtual environment and fire fighting equipment according to the use requirements of building fire fighting equipment.
Patent 201810401718X a fire control emulation virtual platform, through the scene of simulation IM virtual environment and the scene of conflagration scene, application semi-physical fire control instrument realizes the training of putting out a fire, mainly used fire rescue simulation training.
The patent CN201810307701.8 fire-fighting scene simulation system and method, while simulating a fire scene, focus on simulating the temperature change of the fire scene by using a method of heating clothes, so as to enhance the fidelity of the fire scene.
Patent CN201810404463.2 is a fire-fighting teaching training system with evaluation function, which is used for simulating a fire accident scene and mainly aims at solving the problem of cooperative operation of multiple roles of fire-fighting multiple persons.
Patent CN201310180231.0 panorama fire emergency escape's virtual reality system under the prerequisite of the three-dimensional virtual fire scene of constructing the predetermined place, focuses on solving equipment roaming in the scene, including seat, signal acquisition equipment etc. experience person is just immersive study and can't carry out the exercise of relevant operation.
The fire-fighting training systems disclosed in the above patents have the following disadvantages: (1) most of the fire extinguishing systems adopt a virtual fire extinguishing model in a VR environment for simulation or are developed in an explanation training mode, and the systems are applied for training, so that trainees lack training for using real fire extinguishing equipment; (2) the capturing and feedback of the operation action of the trainee is insufficient, and the activity performance of the trainee in the scene is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the drawbacks or needs for improvement of the prior art, the present invention provides a virtual fire drill system, which can provide trainees with real training for fire fighting equipment, and can dynamically generate VR images based on the trainees' movements, thereby providing trainees with a more comprehensive and realistic training environment and equipment.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a virtual fire drill system including: the fire extinguisher comprises an entity fire extinguisher, a locator, a light tower, a VR helmet and a controller;
the physical fire extinguisher is used for controlling the switch state and the spraying direction by user operation, the locator is installed on the physical fire extinguisher, and the light tower is arranged at a drilling place and used for emitting infrared signals;
the locator is used for receiving the infrared signal transmitted by the light tower, determining the position and the injection direction of the entity fire extinguisher according to the received infrared signal, and sending the position, the injection direction signal and the switch signal of the entity fire extinguisher to the control system;
the VR helmet is used for receiving the infrared signals emitted by the light tower, determining the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet according to the received infrared signals, and sending the position and the visual angle direction signals of the VR helmet to the control system;
and the control system is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the position and the injection direction of the entity fire extinguisher and the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet and sending the VR image to the VR helmet for display.
Preferably, the control system comprises:
the VR environment construction module is used for constructing a VR environment in an initial state, and a fire point is arranged in the VR environment;
the fire extinguishing agent calculating module is used for calculating the thickness of the accumulated fire extinguishing agent at the ignition point position in the VR environment according to the position, the spraying direction and the spraying duration of the entity fire extinguisher;
the flame spread speed calculation module is used for calculating according to the ignition point position and the accumulated amount of the fire extinguishing agent on the ignition point position to obtain the flame spread speed;
and the VR dynamic generation module is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the flame spread speed and the position and the visual angle direction of the helmet.
Preferably, the control system further includes an evaluation module, configured to predefine a calculation method of the fire drill effect evaluation parameter, generate the fire drill effect evaluation parameter, and send the fire drill effect evaluation parameter to the VR headset.
Preferably, the locator has a mounting interface such that the locator can be mounted on or removed from the physical fire extinguisher.
Preferably, there is no object block between the light tower and the physical fire extinguisher, so that the locator can receive the infrared signal emitted by the light tower.
Preferably, the control system is a backpack computer, the backpack computer being wired to the VR headset.
Preferably, the control system comprises a management platform providing one or more of virtual ignition, remaking of VR scenes, removal of building envelope of VR environment, view following functionality.
Preferably, the fire drill performance evaluation parameter includes one or more of a fire passing range ratio, a remaining combustible ratio, and an effective fire extinguishing agent foam coverage ratio.
In general, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts an entity fire extinguisher which can be operated and controlled by a user, and is combined with a space positioning system, so that the real fire extinguishing equipment use training can be provided for the trainee, and the action, particularly the interactive operation of the user can be fed back to the virtual interactive system in real time; virtual-real combination is supported, VR images can be dynamically generated and fed back to the trainees based on the actions of the trainees, a comprehensive and vivid training environment and equipment can be provided for the trainees, and the training experience of what you see is what you get and what you see is what you feel is realized; can be when providing lifelike training environment, the personnel of being trained can also observe the fire extinguishing effect directly perceivedly and decide the action of putting out a fire next step. The entity fire extinguisher is different from a virtual fire extinguisher model in a software system, the entity fire extinguisher can be a simulation fire extinguisher similar to the appearance of a real fire extinguisher, and also can be a real fire extinguisher actually used in actual fire fighting, and the operation of a trained person on the entity fire extinguisher can be reflected in a VR system.
(2) The invention considers different installation requirements on various fire extinguishing equipment and adopts the form of installing the interface piece, so that the system can be used for various types of fire extinguishing equipment after simple transformation work is carried out, and better transportability is ensured.
(3) The space positioning system adopts an infrared positioning mode, applies the infrared positioning mode to the scene, and has the advantages of more stable signals, more accurate positioning, strong environmental adaptation and easy area expansion.
(4) The invention is portable and independent, the required fire drill conditions are easy to meet, and the invention has better applicability.
(5) The invention can carry out quantitative evaluation on the training result and can feed back the result to the fire commander and the fire fighter so as to improve the training effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a virtual fire drill system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the virtual fire drill system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: entity fire extinguisher, locator, light tower, VR helmet and controller. The physical fire extinguisher is used for controlling the switch state and the spraying direction by the operation of a user, the locator is installed on the physical fire extinguisher, and the light tower is arranged at the exercise site for emitting infrared signals.
The entity fire extinguisher is different from a virtual fire extinguisher model in a software system, is real, can be used for a user to operate a control switch and the spraying direction, and can provide real training for using fire extinguishing equipment for trained personnel. The solid fire extinguisher can be a simulated fire extinguisher similar to a real fire extinguisher in shape, and can also be a real fire extinguisher actually used in actual fire fighting.
The light tower continuously emits infrared signals. 2 light towers may be installed on both sides or diagonal of the arena. In order to realize the accurate collection of signal, let light tower and entity fire extinguisher room no object shelter from when arranging for the infrared signal of light tower transmission can be stably received to the locator, let light tower and VR helmet room no object shelter from, make the infrared signal of light tower transmission can be received to the VR helmet. The infrared positioning mode is applied to the scene, and the method has the advantages of more accurate positioning, more stable signal, strong environmental adaptation and easy area expansion. The light tower provides transverse and longitudinal light beams to facilitate accurate positioning, and the light scanning frequency is high, so that the continuity of signals can be ensured. Meanwhile, the positioning mode has lower requirement on the environment, is easy to expand and is also suitable for large-area fire drill places.
The locator is used for receiving the infrared signal that the light tower transmitted, confirms the position and the injection direction of entity fire extinguisher according to the infrared signal that receives to send the position of entity fire extinguisher, injection direction signal and switching signal to control system. Through installing the locator at the entity fire extinguisher, can gather the action of the operation entity fire extinguisher of the personnel of being trained for the personnel of being trained can react out in the VR system to the operation of entity fire extinguisher.
The locator can directly send the position and the injection direction signal of the entity fire extinguisher to the control system, and can also indirectly send the signal to the control system through the VR helmet, for example, the position and the injection direction of the entity fire extinguisher are sent to the VR helmet, and the VR helmet is sent to the control system.
Preferably, the locator has a mounting interface such that the locator can be mounted on or removed from the physical fire extinguisher. The mode that the installation interface is installed on the entity fire extinguisher is adopted, the transplantation of the system is facilitated, and when training of other equipment is needed, only one installation interface needs to be manufactured.
The VR helmet adopts the same positioning mode, receives the infrared signal that the light tower transmitted, confirms self position and visual angle direction according to the infrared signal that receives to send self position and visual angle direction signal to control system.
The control system is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the position and the spraying direction of the entity fire extinguisher and the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet, sending the VR image to the VR helmet and displaying the VR image on a display interface of the VR helmet.
Preferably, the control system is a backpack computer, which is wired to the VR headset. The dynamically generated VR images may also be displayed on a computer.
The working principle of the system, including the data acquisition and the dynamic generation of VR scenes, is described in detail below.
Data acquisition: the light tower continuously transmits infrared positioning signals. VR helmet and fix the locator on entity fire extinguisher, through receiving positioning signal, can calculate the spatial position and the direction of fire extinguisher and VR helmet in real time. The position and direction signals of the locator can be transmitted to the VR helmet through wireless, and the VR helmet is transmitted to the control system through a data line. In addition, the switch valve on the fire extinguisher prop sends corresponding signals outwards when being opened/closed, and the signals can also be transmitted to the helmet through wireless and then transmitted to the backpack computer through the helmet.
The control system realizes dynamic generation of VR images, and integrates environment simulation, fire extinguishing simulation and other software. The control system includes: the VR environment construction module is used for constructing a VR environment in an initial state, and a fire point is arranged in the VR environment; the fire extinguishing agent calculating module is used for calculating the thickness of the accumulated fire extinguishing agent at the ignition point position in the VR environment according to the position, the spraying direction and the spraying duration of the entity fire extinguisher; the flame spread speed calculation module is used for calculating according to the ignition point position and the accumulated amount of the fire extinguishing agent on the ignition point position to obtain the flame spread speed; and the VR dynamic generation module is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the flame spread speed and the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet.
The process of dynamically generating a VR image is as follows. The acquisition signals provided to the control system include: a fire extinguisher switch signal, a helmet position and viewing direction signal, and a locator position and spray direction signal. When the system is in operation, the switch signal of the fire extinguisher is in an on state, and the system is in a state of spraying the fire extinguishing agent; meanwhile, the collected position and the spray direction signals of the positioner are followed, the positions where the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, dropped and accumulated are calculated, and the thickness of the accumulated fire extinguishing agent on the surface/ground of the object is calculated according to the accumulated spray time; the fire spreading speed is calculated according to the position of fire and the accumulated amount of the fire extinguishing agent on the position, if the accumulated fire extinguishing agent amount of the fire is insufficient, the fire of the fire extinguishing point is gradually expanded, otherwise, the fire is gradually extinguished. After the control system receives the position and direction signals of the helmet, the system dynamically generates visual angle image signals according to the VR model of the scene and the current fire and transmits the visual angle image signals to the helmet.
Preferably, the control system further comprises an evaluation module, configured to predefine a calculation method of the fire drill effect evaluation parameter, generate the fire drill effect evaluation parameter, and send the fire drill effect evaluation parameter to the VR headset. During the drilling process or after the drilling is completed, the system may give the evaluation result of the whole drilling, which may include: the proportion of the fire passing range, the proportion of the residual combustible substances, the effective coverage rate of the foam and other parameters, and through repeated drilling and comparison of the parameters, drilling personnel can perfectly adjust the action and the flow so as to achieve the optimal drilling effect. The system can also calculate parameters such as the proportion of the fire passing range, the proportion of the residual combustible substances, the effective foam coverage rate and the like in real time, and update and display the parameters on a VR helmet interface.
Preferably, the control system further comprises a management platform, wherein the management platform is used as a basic platform of the fire drill system and can provide one or more of functions of connecting a network, virtually igniting, reproducing a VR scene, removing a building shell of a VR environment (hiding a building ceiling), following a view angle (following a view angle of a VR user role) and the like.
Connecting a network: a connection is established with the Photon service.
Virtual ignition: after clicking this button, flames can be generated on the fire drill floor in the VR scene.
Resetting the VR scene: the flame in the scene is removed to facilitate re-ignition.
Removing building envelope of VR environment: the outer shell of the building model is removed, and only the internal model is displayed, so that the overlooking visual angle is conveniently provided, the whole scene is overlooked from a high place, and a commander of fire drill is convenient to use.
The visual angle follows: and generating a VR image according to the visual angle direction of the VR helmet.
The operation of the virtual fire drill system does not need an external building, the building/cabin is a virtual VR model, the system only needs a piece of empty space for operators to virtually operate in, and scenes seen by the operators through helmets are virtually generated according to the VR model. The system continuously sends positioning signals through a light tower arranged on the site, and the VR helmet and a positioner arranged on the fire extinguisher receive the positioning signals and calculate various current positions and directions. These signals are transmitted to a control system, and the control system dynamically generates VR images to be transmitted to VR helmets for display.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A virtual fire drill system, comprising: the fire extinguisher comprises an entity fire extinguisher, a locator, a light tower, a VR helmet and a controller;
the physical fire extinguisher is used for controlling the switch state and the spraying direction by user operation, the locator is installed on the physical fire extinguisher, and the light tower is arranged at a drilling place and used for emitting infrared signals;
the locator is used for receiving the infrared signal transmitted by the light tower, determining the position and the injection direction of the entity fire extinguisher according to the received infrared signal, and sending the position, the injection direction and the switch signal of the entity fire extinguisher to the control system;
the VR helmet is used for receiving the infrared signals emitted by the light tower, determining the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet according to the received infrared signals, and sending the position and the visual angle direction signals of the VR helmet to the control system;
and the control system is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the position, the spraying direction and the switching direction of the entity fire extinguisher and the position and the visual angle direction of the VR helmet and sending the VR image to the VR helmet for display.
2. The virtual fire drill system of claim 1, wherein the control system comprises:
the VR environment construction module is used for constructing a VR environment in an initial state, and a fire point is arranged in the VR environment;
the fire extinguishing agent calculating module is used for calculating the thickness of the accumulated fire extinguishing agent at the position of a fire point in the VR environment according to the position of the entity fire extinguisher, the spraying direction and the switching signal;
the flame spread speed calculation module is used for calculating according to the ignition point position and the accumulated amount of the fire extinguishing agent on the ignition point position to obtain the flame spread speed;
and the VR dynamic generation module is used for dynamically generating a VR image according to the flame spread speed and the position and the visual angle direction of the helmet.
3. The virtual fire drill system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the control system further comprises an evaluation module for predefining a calculation method of the fire drill effect evaluation parameter, generating the fire drill effect evaluation parameter and sending the fire drill effect evaluation parameter to the VR headset.
4. A virtual fire drill system as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein said locator has a mounting interface such that said locator can be mounted on or removed from said physical fire extinguisher.
5. The virtual fire drill system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the lighttower is free of object shielding from the physical fire extinguisher such that the locator can receive the infrared signal emitted by the lighttower, and wherein the lighttower is free of object shielding from the VR headset such that the VR headset can receive the infrared signal emitted by the lighttower.
6. The virtual fire drill system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the control system is a backpack computer, the backpack computer being wired to the VR headset.
7. The virtual fire drill system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the control system includes a management platform that provides one or more of virtual ignition, reproduction of VR scenes, removal of building enclosures of the VR environment, view following functionality.
8. The virtual fire drill system as recited in claim 3, wherein the fire drill performance evaluation parameters include one or more of a fire passing range ratio, a remaining combustible ratio, and an effective fire suppressant foam coverage ratio.
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| CN113487929A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-08 | 中国南方航空股份有限公司 | VR multi-person cooperation simulated fire extinguishing method |
| CN113658474A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-16 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Emergency evacuation training system for airplane |
| CN114913732A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-08-16 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司超高压公司 | Virtual fire drill method and system |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |