CN111983871B - All-optical amplification method of optical soliton pulse train - Google Patents
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract
The invention provides an all-optical amplification method of an optical soliton pulse train, belongs to the technical field of optics, and aims to solve the problem that the existing mode for amplifying the optical soliton pulse train is limited by an amplifier and has certain limitation. The invention can realize the direct amplification of the optical soliton pulse train by utilizing the method of combining plane wave pumping and a frequency spectrum filter. The amplification process expressed by the amplification method is independent of factors such as the width, the central wavelength, the optical fiber doping concentration and the like of the optical soliton pulse, and the method is applicable to high-order models and optical fiber systems in different modes, and particularly can realize direct amplification of ultrashort optical soliton pulse strings. The amplification method of the invention is not limited by factors such as parameters of the amplifier, and the like, so the amplification mode is relatively flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to an all-optical amplification method of an optical soliton pulse train.
Background
All-optical signal processing has higher speed, lower delay, and larger bandwidth than electrical signal processing. One of the goals of modern nonlinear optics is the development of ultra-fast all-optical devices, of which all-optical amplifiers are an important part. Optical solitons are localized light waves propagating in an optically nonlinear medium that can travel long distances while maintaining their shape. Due to potential applications in optical communication and optical signal processing systems, a great deal of research has been conducted on optical solitons in the past decades, such as soliton existence and stability research, soliton collision and interaction, high-order solitons, and the like. With the advent of the optical soliton concept, in the early 80 s of the 20 th century, Hasegawa and Kodama theoretically proposed a mechanism for soliton amplification, which can be practically implemented by erbium-doped amplifiers, Raman amplifiers, parametric amplifiers, and semiconductor amplifiers.
At present, in soliton amplification, erbium-doped amplifiers and raman amplifiers are used more. These amplifiers have their own limitations in practical use, especially for the amplification of ultrashort pulses in the order of femtoseconds, erbium-doped amplifiers and raman amplifiers are difficult to implement. For erbium-doped amplifiers, the amplification of ultrashort pulses is based on erbium doping with a relatively high concentration (between 1000ppm and 2000 ppm). For raman amplification, non-linear effects such as stimulated brillouin scattering, self-phase modulation, etc. can affect the performance of the amplifier, especially for ultra-short pulsed systems.
In summary, the current method of amplifying the optical soliton pulse train is limited by the amplifier, and thus has a certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the existing mode for amplifying the optical soliton pulse train is limited by an amplifier and has certain limitation, the invention provides an all-optical amplification method of the optical soliton pulse train.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an all-optical amplification method of an optical soliton pulse train comprises the following steps:
s1, generating an initial optical soliton pulse train, and injecting the initial optical soliton pulse train into a single mode fiber for transmission;
s2, controlling the transmission z of the initial optical soliton pulse train in the single-mode optical fiberALowering the peak power P of the initial optical soliton pulse train to 2.5788-0.4293W to obtain an attenuated optical soliton pulse train, wherein the peak power P is 23.8095-34.5238 km;
s3, in z of single mode fiberAAt an injection power of P0Is mixed with the attenuated optical soliton pulse train in the form of
And allowing the mixed wave to continue to propagate in the single mode fiber;
s4, under the action of continuous plane wave, the attenuated optical soliton pulse train is gradually amplified and continues to transmit L in single-mode optical fiberAAt 0.2893-1.5381km, the attenuated burst is amplified to form an amplified optical soliton burst with a plane wave background;
s5, position z of single mode fiberA+LAAnd placing a spectrum filter, and performing spectrum filtering by taking the wavelength of 1550nm of the amplified optical soliton pulse train as a center and 0.2nm as a width to obtain the amplified optical soliton pulse train with zero background stable transmission, wherein the amplified optical soliton pulse train with zero background stable transmission and the initial optical soliton pulse train have the same power.
Optionally, the S1 is implemented by the following process when generating the initial optical soliton pulse train:
the transmission of picosecond optical pulses in a single-mode fiber is described by the nonlinear schrodinger equation:
in the formula (1), A is A (z, T) is the electromagnetic field slow-changing envelope, z is the transmission distance, and T is the group velocity v with the pulsegTime measurement in a moving reference frame, T-T-z/vgCoefficient of beta2And gamma are second-order group velocity dispersion GVD and Kerr nonlinear parameters respectively, and alpha is more than 0, and is optical fiber loss;
regardless of fiber loss, under anomalous dispersion conditions, i.e., β < 0 and α ═ 0, equation (1) has a solution of the form:
in the formula (2), P0For the average power of the incident field, time τ is T/T0Distance Z ═ Z (Z-Z)0)/LNLNormalized nonlinear length
Time scale T0＝(|β2|/γP0)1/2Where z is0Is a real parameter; omega is the frequency of the modulation and is,
a is modulation instability gain;
determining an unstable modulation growth; when 0 < a < 1/2, the solution represented by formula (2) is called Akhmedeev respiratory solution;
for the periodic solution (2) of schrodinger equation (1), the fourier series expansion has the form:
the forms of pump wave and sideband amplitude evolution are respectively:
n ± 1, ± 2, ± 3
Filtering in the frequency domain to be invariant over time
Obtaining a background-free optical soliton pulse train capable of being stably transmitted;
the zero background burst expressed by equation (5) can be stably transmitted if the fiber loss is not considered, that is, if α in equation (1) is 0.
Optionally, the single-mode fiber is a quartz SMF-28 fiber, and the second-order group velocity dispersion GVD thereof is beta2＝-21.4ps2km-1The Kerr nonlinearity parameter γ is 1.2W-1km-1The optical fiber loss alpha is 0.19dB/km, the central wavelength is 1550nm, and the incident power P is0＝0.7W。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize the direct amplification of the optical soliton pulse train by utilizing the method of combining the plane wave pump and the frequency spectrum filter. The amplification process represented by the amplification method is independent of factors such as the width, the central wavelength, the optical fiber doping concentration and the like of the optical soliton pulse, and can be suitable for high-order models and optical fiber systems in different modes, particularly for ultrashort optical soliton pulse trains, and direct amplification can be realized. The amplification method of the invention is not limited by factors such as parameters of the amplifier and the like, so the amplification mode is relatively flexible.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of stable transmission of optical soliton pulse trains.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of an optical soliton pulse train.
Fig. 3 is a schematic 4-stage amplification of an optical soliton pulse train.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides an all-optical amplification method of an optical soliton pulse train, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, generating an initial optical soliton pulse train, and injecting the initial optical soliton pulse train into a single-mode optical fiber for transmission.
S2, controlling the transmission z of the initial optical soliton pulse train in the single-mode optical fiberAAnd (3) lowering the peak power P of the initial optical soliton pulse train to 2.5788-0.4293W to obtain an attenuated optical soliton pulse train, wherein the peak power P is 23.8095-34.5238 km.
S3, in z of single mode fiberAAt an injection power of P0Is mixed with the attenuated optical soliton pulse train in the form of
And allowing the mixed wave to continue to propagate in the single mode fiber.
S4, under the action of continuous plane wave, the attenuated optical soliton pulse train is gradually amplified and continues to transmit L in single-mode optical fiberAAt 0.2893-1.5381km, the attenuated pulse train is amplified to form an amplified optical soliton pulse train with a plane wave background.
S5, position z of single mode fiberA+LAAnd placing a spectrum filter, and performing spectrum filtering by taking the wavelength 1550nm of the amplified optical soliton pulse train as a center and 0.2nm as a width to obtain the amplified optical soliton pulse train with zero background stable transmission. At this time, the zero background amplification optical soliton pulse train and the initial optical soliton pulse train have the same power.
Optionally, the S1 is implemented by the following process when generating the initial optical soliton pulse train:
the transmission of picosecond optical pulses in a single-mode fiber is described by the nonlinear schrodinger equation:
in the formula (1), A is A (z, T) is the electromagnetic field slow-changing envelope, z is the transmission distance, and T is the group velocity v with the pulsegTime measurement in a moving reference frame, T-T-z/vgCoefficient of beta2And gamma are second-order group velocity dispersion GVD and Kerr nonlinear parameters, respectively, and alpha > 0 is fiber loss.
Regardless of fiber loss, under anomalous dispersion conditions, i.e., β < 0 and α ═ 0, equation (1) has a solution of the form:
in the formula (2), P0For the average power of the incident field, time τ is T/T0Distance Z ═ Z (Z-Z)0)/LNL. Normalized nonlinear length
Time scale T0＝(|β2|/γP0)1/2Where z is0Is a real parameter. Omega is the frequency of the modulation and is,
and a is the modulation instability gain.
An unstable modulation growth is determined.
When 0 < a < 1/2, the solution represented by equation (2) is called the Akhmedeev respiratory solution.
When in use
The above solution becomes a strange wave solution, having the form:
the solution begins at an initial instant with intensity | A (0, T) < >2＝P0Is continuously flatAccording to the modulation instability principle, due to the existence of continuous plane waves, the initial optical soliton pulse train with small peak value gradually narrows the pulse width and gradually increases the peak power along with the evolution of the transmission distance, and when the pulse width is equal to xi0(ξ0≤z0) To form an amplified optical soliton pulse train. But the formed amplified optical soliton pulse train cannot be stably transmitted due to the existence of the continuous plane wave. Therefore, the invention can realize the stable transmission of the amplified optical soliton pulse train by adopting a frequency spectrum filtering method to filter the frequency spectrum of unstable continuous plane waves.
For the periodic solution (2) of schrodinger equation (1), the fourier series expansion has the form:
the forms of pump wave and sideband amplitude evolution are respectively:
n ± 1, ± 2, ± 3
Filtering in the frequency domain to be invariant over time
And obtaining the optical soliton pulse train which has no background and can be stably transmitted.
The zero background burst expressed by equation (5) can be stably transmitted if the fiber loss is not considered, that is, if α in equation (1) is 0. As shown in FIG. 1, the single-mode optical fiber adopted by the embodiment of the invention is a quartz SMF-28 optical fiberThe second-order group velocity dispersion GVD is beta2＝-21.4ps2km-1The Kerr nonlinearity parameter γ is 1.2W-1km-1The optical fiber loss alpha is 0.19dB/km, the central wavelength is 1550nm, and the incident power P0＝0.7W。
Figure 1 shows a zero background burst transmission zA95.2381km, the parameter a is 0.4. The graph a in fig. 1 is a zero background pulse train, and the full width at half maximum Δ τ of the center pulse of the zero background pulse train is 3.4045ps (fwhm) from the graph a in fig. 1, and the number of solitons of the center pulse train can be calculated according to the formula:
where P is the peak power of the burst. According to soliton theory, when the number of solitons is between 0.5 < N < 1.5, the pulse can be transmitted stably in an oscillating manner, as shown in a b diagram in fig. 1.
In the actual transmission of the burst, the amplitude of the burst is gradually reduced with the increase of the transmission distance due to the influence of the loss, and therefore, amplification is required. A plane wave pump in combination with a spectral filter placed in the appropriate position of the fiber enables amplification of the optical pulse train as shown in fig. 2.
The graph a in fig. 2 shows the distribution of the initial optical soliton pulse train expressed by the formula (5), where the peak power P is 8.96W and the transmission z is zAAfter 33.33km, the peak power of the optical soliton pulse train drops to 0.7041W due to the loss, as shown in graph b in fig. 2. For amplifying the attenuated optical soliton pulse train, at zAAt an injection power of P0The continuous plane wave and the attenuated optical soliton pulse train form a mixed wave
Due to the presence of continuous plane waves, at LAThe attenuated burst at 0.8821km is amplified with the same power as the original optical soliton burst. But the amplified optical soliton pulse train cannot be stably transmitted due to the existence of the continuous plane wave background.Thus, the invention is useful in the z-dimension of single mode optical fibersA+LAA spectral filter is placed at the location to filter out the plane wave background. By filtering out the spectrum around the center spectrum 1550nm by about 0.2nm according to the parameters taken in the embodiment of the present invention, a stably transmitted zero-background amplified burst can be obtained, as shown in the diagram c in fig. 2. z is a radical ofAIs the transmission distance of the initial optical soliton pulse train to be attenuated to the small amplitude pulse train, and is also the position for placing the continuous wave pump. L isAIs the amplifier length, zA+LAIs where the spectral filter is placed. z is a radical ofAIs injected with continuous plane wave, passes through LAThe decay burst is amplified to the power of the initial incident light soliton burst at position z of the single mode fiberA+LAAnd obtaining the amplified optical soliton pulse train with zero background stable transmission through a spectrum filter.
In order to realize long-distance transmission of the optical soliton pulse train, periodic amplification of the optical soliton pulse train is necessary. Fig. 3 shows a periodic amplification process of the optical soliton pulse train by taking 4-stage amplification of the optical soliton pulse train as an example.
The above amplification is divided into two processes, and the process is described by taking the 1 st stage amplification as an example. The diagram a1 in FIG. 3 is the initial optical soliton pulse train, transmission zAThe optical soliton pulse train decayed to a peak power of 1.7179W after 23.8095km, as shown in b1 of fig. 3. z is a radical ofAIs injected with continuous plane wave, passes through LAAt 0.4310km, the attenuated burst is amplified and restored to the power of the original incident optical soliton burst, as shown in the c1 plot of fig. 3. The solid line in the graph of fig. 3c1 is the initial incident light soliton pulse train represented by formula (5), and the dashed line represents the amplified light soliton pulse train, which indicates that the two are well matched. The 2 nd-stage initial optical soliton pulse train is the 1 st-stage amplified optical soliton pulse train, as shown in a2 diagram in fig. 3, and the rest processes are completely the same. In the above embodiment, the parameter a is 0.45. In 4-stage amplification, zA23.8095km, amplifier length LA0.4310km, 0.3905km, 0.3845km and 1.0119km, respectively.
In summary, the invention is based on the modulation instability principle, and can realize the direct amplification of the optical soliton pulse train by using the method of combining the plane wave pump and the frequency spectrum filter. The amplification process expressed by the amplification method is independent of factors such as the width, the central wavelength, the optical fiber doping concentration and the like of the optical soliton pulse, and the method is applicable to high-order models and optical fiber systems in different modes, and particularly can realize direct amplification of ultrashort optical soliton pulse strings. The invention also takes 4-level amplification as an example, realizes the periodic amplification of the optical soliton pulse train, and realizes the long-distance transmission of the optical soliton pulse train.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. An all-optical amplification method of an optical soliton pulse train is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, generating an initial optical soliton pulse train, and injecting the initial optical soliton pulse train into a single mode fiber for transmission;
s2, controlling the transmission z of the initial optical soliton pulse train in the single-mode optical fiberALowering the peak power P of the initial optical soliton pulse train to 2.5788-0.4293W to obtain an attenuated optical soliton pulse train, wherein the peak power P is 23.8095-34.5238 km;
s3, in z of single mode fiberAAt an injection power of P0Is mixed with the attenuated optical soliton pulse train in the form of
And allowing the mixed wave to continue to propagate in the single mode fiber;
s4, under the action of continuous plane wave, the attenuated optical soliton pulse train is gradually amplified and continues to transmit L in single-mode optical fiberAAt 0.2893-1.5381km, the attenuated burst is amplified to form an amplified optical soliton burst with a plane wave background;
S5，at position z of the single-mode fibreA+LAPlacing a spectrum filter, and performing spectrum filtering by taking the wavelength of 1550nm of the amplified optical soliton pulse train as a center and 0.2nm as a width to obtain the amplified optical soliton pulse train stably transmitted in the zero background, wherein the amplified optical soliton pulse train stably transmitted in the zero background and the initial optical soliton pulse train have the same power;
wherein, when generating the initial optical soliton pulse train, the S1 is implemented by the following processes:
the transmission of picosecond optical pulses in a single-mode fiber is described by the nonlinear schrodinger equation:
in the formula (1), A is A (z, T) is the electromagnetic field slow-changing envelope, z is the transmission distance, and T is the group velocity v with the pulsegTime measurement in a moving reference frame, T-T-z/vgCoefficient of beta2And gamma are second-order group velocity dispersion GVD and Kerr nonlinear parameters respectively, and alpha is more than 0, and is optical fiber loss;
regardless of fiber loss, under anomalous dispersion conditions, i.e., β < 0 and α ═ 0, equation (1) has a solution of the form:
in the formula (2), P0For the average power of the incident field, time τ is T/T0Distance Z ═ Z (Z-Z)0)/LNLNormalized nonlinear length LNL＝T0 2/|β2L, time scale T0＝(|β2|/γP0)1/2Where z is0Is a real parameter; omega is the frequency of the modulation and is,
a is modulation instability gain;
determining an unstable modulation growth; when 0 < a < 1/2, the solution represented by formula (2) is called Akhmedeev respiratory solution;
for the periodic solution (2) of schrodinger equation (1), the fourier series expansion has the form:
the forms of pump wave and sideband amplitude evolution are respectively:
n ± 1, ± 2, ± 3
Filtering in the frequency domain to be invariant over time
Obtaining a background-free optical soliton pulse train capable of being stably transmitted;
if the fiber loss is not considered, that is, if α in formula (1) is 0, the zero background burst represented by formula (5) can be stably transmitted;
the single-mode fiber is quartz SMF-28 fiber, and the second-order group velocity dispersion GVD is beta2＝-21.4ps2km-1The Kerr nonlinearity parameter γ is 1.2W-1km-1The optical fiber loss alpha is 0.19dB/km, the central wavelength is 1550nm, and the incident power P is0＝0.7W。
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