CN111980652A - Method for determining type, size combination and dosage of temporary plugging agent in seam - Google Patents
Method for determining type, size combination and dosage of temporary plugging agent in seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN111980652A CN111980652A CN202010860704.1A CN202010860704A CN111980652A CN 111980652 A CN111980652 A CN 111980652A CN 202010860704 A CN202010860704 A CN 202010860704A CN 111980652 A CN111980652 A CN 111980652A
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Abstract
The specification provides a method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of a temporary plugging agent in a seam, which comprises the following steps: cutting a rock plate with a preset size on a crack surface formed by triaxial hydraulic fracturing, and printing according to the rock plate by utilizing 3D printing to obtain a first rock plate and a second rock plate; placing a first rock panel and a second rock panel in a rock panel chamber, comprising: the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber are arranged at intervals; preparing a temporary plugging agent carrier fluid and injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber until the injection pressure reaches a preset pressure, and stopping injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid; opening a rock chamber to observe the formed temporary plugging zone and acquiring the length and the quality of the temporary plugging zone; and calculating the actual temporary plugging agent dosage through a preset formula based on the obtained length and the quality of the temporary plugging belt. The temporary plugging agent testing device can simulate the temporary plugging process in real working conditions, and can optimize the type, size combination and using amount of the temporary plugging agent according to the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of a temporary plugging agent in a seam.
Background
In hydraulic fracturing, in order to increase the complexity of cracks, a temporary blocking diverter is often adopted to block the cracks, so that the cracks extend in other directions. In the actual construction of the temporary plugging diversion fracturing process, the types and the use amounts of the temporary plugging agents are different, the finally realized fracturing effects are also different, and the types, the size combinations and the use amounts of the temporary plugging agents need to be optimized in the design of the temporary plugging diversion fracturing construction scheme.
In the prior art, a true triaxial large-scale hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiment is generally adopted to simulate a temporary plugging fracturing process. In this type of experiment, three-directional principal stresses under formation conditions are simulated by applying three-directional stresses to a rock specimen, and a fracture is formed by applying water pressure to the rock specimen to fracture the specimen. However, in the experiment, the size of the rock is small, the width of the pressed crack of the test piece is narrow and far smaller than the actual crack width, and the temporary plugging condition in the actual crack cannot be simulated, so that the design of the actual temporary plugging agent dosage is mainly based on field experience and lacks quantitative research.
It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of the temporary plugging agent in the joint, which can simulate the temporary plugging process in real working conditions and optimize the type, size combination and dosage of the temporary plugging agent according to the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the provided technical scheme is as follows:
a method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of a temporary plugging agent in a seam, wherein the determination method comprises the following steps:
cutting a rock plate with a preset size on a crack surface formed by triaxial hydraulic fracturing, and printing according to the rock plate by utilizing 3D printing to obtain a first rock plate and a second rock plate;
placing the first and second rock plates in a rock plate chamber, the rock plate chamber comprising: the first rock plate chamber is used for fixing the first rock plate, and the second rock plate chamber is used for fixing the second rock plate, and the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber are arranged at intervals;
selecting the type and the size of the temporary plugging agent according to experimental needs, preparing a temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, and injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber until the injection pressure reaches a preset pressure, and stopping injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid;
opening the rock plate chamber to observe the formed temporary plugging zone, and acquiring the length and the quality of the temporary plugging zone;
and calculating the actual temporary plugging agent dosage through a preset formula based on the obtained length and the quality of the temporary plugging belt.
As a preferred embodiment, the predetermined formula is:
in the formula, m represents the actual temporary plugging agent dosage and is in kg; m is1Expressed as mass of the temporary plugging zone in kg; h is expressed as the thickness of the stratum and has the unit of m; h1Expressed as the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second rock plates in m; l represents the temporary plugging length in the crack and has the unit of m; l is1Expressed as the length of the temporary plugging strip in m.
As a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the quality of the temporary plugging zone comprises: and air-drying the temporary plugging belt, and weighing the temporary plugging belt after the temporary plugging belt is air-dried to obtain the mass of the temporary plugging belt.
As a preferred embodiment, the step of disposing the temporary blocking agent carrier fluid includes: pouring water into a stirring cup, continuously stirring, gradually adding a guar gum solution and a NaOH solution, regulating the pH value to 9-11, stirring for a first preset time, adding a temporary plugging agent, stirring for a second preset time, and then adding a cross-linking agent.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step of injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, the method further comprises: applying a confining pressure greater than the predetermined pressure to the first and second rock chambers.
As a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the first rock plate and the second rock plate includes: splitting a rock sample along a crack formed after a triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment, cutting a rock plate with the preset size of 20cm in length, 4cm in width and 2cm in thickness on a crack surface, carrying out optical scanning on the crack surface of the rock plate, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on data after the optical scanning, and reducing the crack surface by using 3D printing to obtain the first rock plate and the second rock plate.
As a preferred embodiment, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber is provided between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber, and the adjusting mechanism comprises: a raised portion disposed on the first rock chamber; a concave part arranged on the second rock plate chamber and matched with the convex part, wherein the height of the convex part is the same as the depth of the concave part; the gasket is arranged between the convex part and the concave part and is provided with a through hole corresponding to the convex part.
As a preferred embodiment, the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is placed in an intermediate container, the slate chamber is contained in a diversion container, the diversion container has an inlet end and an outlet end, the intermediate container is connected with the inlet end through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected with a waste liquid tank.
Has the advantages that:
according to the method for determining the type, the size combination and the using amount of the temporary plugging agent in the cracks, the used rock plate is derived from a test piece after a triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment, the rough surface of the rock plate is caused by real fracturing, and the crack surface in an actual stratum can be better simulated. The length and the quality of the temporary plugging belt after the temporary plugging experiment is finished are measured, so that the using amount of the temporary plugging agent playing the temporary plugging role can be accurately obtained, and the using amount of the temporary plugging agent in practical engineering application is calculated by a preset formula. And the type and size combination of the temporary plugging agent in actual construction can be determined according to the type and size of the temporary plugging agent in the experiment and the temporary plugging pressure change rule under the combination. The temporary plugging process in the real working condition can be simulated, and the type, size combination and usage of the temporary plugging agent can be optimized according to the plugging effect of the temporary plugging agent.
Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the type, size combination and amount of an intra-seam temporary plugging agent provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an apparatus for applying the method of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
While the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention, and that various equivalent modifications can be effected therein by those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The embodiment of the specification provides a method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of a temporary plugging agent in a seam, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10: cutting a rock plate with a preset size on a crack surface formed by triaxial hydraulic fracturing, and printing according to the rock plate by utilizing 3D printing to obtain a first rock plate and a second rock plate;
s20: placing the first and second rock plates in a rock plate chamber, the rock plate chamber comprising: the first rock plate chamber is used for fixing the first rock plate, and the second rock plate chamber is used for fixing the second rock plate, and the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber are arranged at intervals;
s30: selecting the type and the size of the temporary plugging agent according to experimental needs, preparing a temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, and injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber until the injection pressure reaches a preset pressure, and stopping injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid;
s40: opening the rock plate chamber to observe the formed temporary plugging zone, and acquiring the length and the quality of the temporary plugging zone;
s50: and calculating the actual temporary plugging agent dosage through a preset formula based on the obtained length and the quality of the temporary plugging belt.
In the determination method provided by the present specification, after the above steps are completed, the type and the size combination of the temporary plugging agent in actual construction are determined according to the temporary plugging pressure change rule under the combination of the type and the size of the temporary plugging agent in the experiment. In step S10, the step of obtaining the first and second rock plates includes: splitting a rock sample along a crack formed after the triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment, cutting a rock plate with a preset size on a crack surface, carrying out optical scanning on the crack surface of the rock plate, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on data after the optical scanning, and reducing the surface by using 3D printing to obtain the first rock plate and the second rock plate.
Specifically, the first rock plate and the second rock plate can be printed according to a rock test piece after the hydraulic fracturing experiment, so that the 3D printed rock plate is in a real rock fracture surface form and can simulate a real rough fracture surface. When printing, firstly, cutting a rock plate with a preset size at a proper position on a crack surface formed by triaxial hydraulic fracturing. And then, carrying out optical scanning on the rough surface of the rock plate to obtain data, and carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the data, and then restoring the surface by using a 3D printing technology to obtain the 3D printing rock plate. The triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment is to apply stress in three directions to rock to simulate main stress in three directions under stratum conditions, and then apply water pressure to a rock test piece to press the test piece open to form cracks. And splitting the rock sample test piece subjected to the triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment along the crack, and cutting the rock sample test piece at a proper position on the crack surface to form a rock plate, wherein the obtained rock plate has a real rough crack surface.
In a specific embodiment, the predetermined dimensions of the rock plate are 20cm in length, 4cm in width and 2cm in thickness. The material used for the 3D printing rock plate can be ABS-M30 plastic, the Young modulus of the material is 2771MPa, the tensile strength is 33MPa, the bending strength is 64MPa, the thermal deformation temperature is 96 ℃, and the rock plate printed by the material can meet the experimental requirements and be reused while the real rough surface of the crack surface of the rock plate is reduced.
In step S20, the first and second rock panels are secured in the rock chamber. Specifically, the rock plate chamber is formed by two parts butt joint, includes: a first slate chamber and a second slate chamber. The first slate chamber with the second slate chamber all has the recess that is used for holding the slate, and with the size phase-match of slate. When the first rock plate chamber is in butt joint with the second rock plate chamber, the first rock plate and the second rock plate are attached to each other. When a certain distance exists between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber, the distance between the first rock plate and the second rock plate is used for simulating a crack.
In an embodiment of the present description, an adjustment mechanism is provided between the first and second slate chambers, such that the spacing between the first and second slate chambers can be adjusted for simulating fractures of different widths. An adjustment mechanism between the first and second rock chambers includes: a raised portion disposed on the first rock chamber; a concave part arranged on the second rock plate chamber and matched with the convex part, wherein the height of the convex part is the same as the depth of the concave part; the gasket is arranged between the convex part and the concave part and is provided with a through hole corresponding to the convex part. When no gasket is arranged between the convex part and the concave part, and the convex part is matched with the concave part, the first rock plate and the second rock plate can be completely attached. When the width of the crack needs to be adjusted, the gasket is added between the convex part and the concave part, so that the distance between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber can be increased, and the width of the crack is increased. Therefore, in the experimental process, temporary plugging simulation experiments of cracks with different widths can be carried out, and the size and the dosage of the temporary plugging agent under the cracks with the corresponding widths are preferably selected by combining the experimental results.
In step S30, in the step of preparing the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, first, a desired type and size of the temporary plugging agent is selected, and then the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is prepared, and the specific preparation steps include: pouring water into a stirring cup, continuously stirring, gradually adding a guar gum solution and a NaOH solution, regulating the pH value to 9-11, stirring for a first preset time, adding a temporary plugging agent, stirring for a second preset time, and then adding a cross-linking agent. The first predetermined time and the second predetermined time may be adjusted according to experimental needs, and the application is not limited to this. In a specific embodiment, the first predetermined time is 15 minutes and the second predetermined time is 2-3 minutes.
In embodiments of the present description, the temporary blocking agent may include: degradable fibers and temporary plugging particles of different sizes. It should be noted that the temporary plugging agent provided in the embodiments of the present application may include any combination of temporary plugging particles of different sizes, and the present application does not limit the specific type of the temporary plugging agent at all, and in the temporary plugging experiment, the temporary plugging agent may be combined and adjusted according to the experimental working conditions, and an appropriate temporary plugging agent combination is preferably selected according to the final temporary plugging effect.
In this embodiment, the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is placed in an intermediate container, the slate chamber is contained in a diversion container, the diversion container has an inlet end and an outlet end, the intermediate container is connected with the inlet end through a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected with a waste liquid tank. In addition, the other side of the intermediate container can be further connected with an injection pump, so that the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid can be directly pumped into the inlet end of the diversion container to enter the rock plate chamber according to the preset discharge capacity. Because the distance between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber in the rock plate chamber is used for simulating the crack, and the two sides of the crack are respectively opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the diversion container, the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid enters the crack from the inlet end and enters the waste fluid tank from the outlet end for recovery.
In a particular embodiment, the temporary blocking agent comprises: degradable fiber, first temporary plugging particles and second temporary plugging particles. Wherein the size of the degradable fiber is 6mm, the size of the first temporary plugging particles is 5mm, and the size of the second temporary plugging particles is 2 mm. Preferably, the mass fraction of the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is 100%, the degradable fiber is 1.1%, the first temporary plugging particles are 0.5%, the second temporary plugging particles are 1%, and the balance is liquid. The liquid consists of water, guar gum, NaOH solution and a cross-linking agent. The temporary plugging agent provided in this embodiment is one combination of temporary plugging agents configured in the experimental process, and of course, the temporary plugging agent actually configured may also include temporary plugging particles of other sizes, and is not limited to the above embodiments.
In step S30, a temporary plugging agent carrier fluid may be injected between the first and second slate chambers at a predetermined displacement, the injection pressure is gradually increased when the temporary plugging agent accumulates in the fracture, and the experiment may be stopped when the injection pressure increases by a predetermined pressure, indicating that the temporary plugging is completed.
In step S40, after the experiment is completed, the slate chamber is disassembled and the temporary plugging belt is taken out. The length of the temporary blocking belt can be measured by a measuring scale and the mass of the temporary blocking belt can be weighed by a balance. In the step of obtaining the mass of the temporary plugging belt, the temporary plugging belt needs to be air-dried, and the mass of the temporary plugging belt is obtained by weighing after the temporary plugging belt is air-dried, so that the mass of the temporary plugging agent playing a role of temporary plugging between the first rock plate and the second rock plate is obtained.
In practical engineering application, the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is injected into a fracture of a stratum along a shaft, and a temporary plugging zone is gradually accumulated in the fracture of the stratum along with the continuous injection of the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid. In the determination method provided in the present specification, in the case of performing temporary plugging by injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid between the first and second slate compartments, after the injection pressure is raised to a predetermined pressure, there may be a case where a part of the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is not injected into the slate compartment but remains in the intermediate container, and a part of the temporary plugging agent enters the waste liquid tank along the outlet end of the diversion container. Thus, only part of the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid in the intermediate container plays a temporary plugging role. In the step, the temporary plugging agent with temporary plugging function is weighed, so that the using amount of the temporary plugging agent in practical engineering application can be accurately calculated, the waste of the temporary plugging agent can be avoided, and the temporary plugging diversion fracturing construction method has important guiding significance for practical temporary plugging diversion fracturing construction schemes.
In addition, the size and the dosage of the temporary plugging agent required under different crack widths can influence the temporary plugging effect. By the method for determining the temporary plugging agent dosage, the size of the temporary plugging agent and the dosage of the temporary plugging agent can be selected according to the width of an actual stratum fracture, and the optimal temporary plugging effect can be achieved in actual engineering application.
In step S50, the actual temporary plugging agent usage amount is calculated by a predetermined formula based on the acquired length and mass of the temporary plugging band. The predetermined formula is as follows:
in the formula, m represents the actual temporary plugging agent dosage and is in kg; m is1Expressed as mass of the temporary plugging zone in kg; h is expressed as the thickness of the stratum and has the unit of m; h1Expressed as the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second rock plates in m; l represents the temporary plugging length in the crack and has the unit of m; l is1Expressed as the length of the temporary plugging strip in m.
For example, when the thickness of the ground layer is 50m, the temporary plugging length in the designed crack is 3m, and after the temporary plugging experiment in the embodiment of the specification is finished, the mass m of the weighed temporary plugging belt1The weight of the temporary plugging tape is 12g, and the length of the temporary plugging tape is 20 cm. The actual amount of the temporary plugging agent calculated by the above formula was 225 kg.
In an embodiment of the present specification, the step of injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid further includes: applying a confining pressure greater than the predetermined pressure to the first and second rock chambers. This step is used to simulate the effective closure stress on the formation fracture faces. Because when temporarily blocking up, the crack between the first rock plate and the second rock plate is suppressed, the mode of pressurizing the rock plate chamber can be balanced with the pressure in the crack, and the shape of the crack is favorably kept. In this embodiment, the predetermined pressure is 20MPa and the confining pressure applied to the first and second rock chambers is greater than 20MPa, for example 25 MPa.
The embodiment of the present specification further provides an apparatus applying the method for determining the usage amount of the temporary plugging agent, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes: a flow-through vessel 7 having an inlet end and an outlet end; a slate chamber 8 located in the diversion container 7; an intermediate container 5 for containing the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, the intermediate container 5 being connected to the inlet end by a line 6; a pressure pump 1 connected to the intermediate container 5; a multi-way valve 4 arranged between the pressure pump 1 and the intermediate container 5; the pressure sensor 3 is connected with the multi-way valve 4; the data acquisition unit 2 is connected with the pressure sensor 3; a pressurizing mechanism for applying confining pressure to the slate chamber 8; a waste liquid tank 9 connected to the outlet end.
The shape of the guide container 7 is not particularly limited in this application. The guide container 7 has an inlet end and an outlet end for introducing and discharging liquid. To avoid the flow of the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid from outside the slate compartment 8, the slate compartment 8 may be proximate the diversion container 7 such that the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid passes only through the fracture between the first and second slate compartments.
In embodiments of the present description, the pressurizing mechanism for applying confining pressure to the first and second rock chambers may include a table 13 for simulating effective closing stresses on the formation fracture faces. The work table 13 includes a first platform and a second platform between which the guide container 7 is clamped. The workbench can also comprise a power unit (not shown in the figure) and a rotating handle 14 connected with the power unit, and after the rotating handle 14 is rotated, the power unit can drive the platform to ascend or descend to control the clamping force on the diversion container 7.
In a specific embodiment, the first platform is located above the second platform, the second platform can be fixed, and the first platform is controlled to ascend and descend by operating the rotating handle 14, so that the diversion container 7 is pressurized. In this embodiment, the first platform is located above the second platform, and the first and second rock plate chambers are vertically placed for better simulating effective closing stress on the formation fracture surface.
The intermediate container 5 can be connected to the line 6 via a crossover connection 17 and then to the inlet end; the pressure pump 1 is connected with the intermediate container 5, and a multi-way valve 4 is arranged between the pressure pump 1 and the intermediate container 5. Preferably, the inner diameter of the pipeline 6 is 10mm, and the maximum pressure bearing capacity is 30 MPa. The volume of the intermediate container 5 is 3000ml, the intermediate container can be fixed through the bracket 16, and the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is contained in the intermediate container 5. The pressure pump 1 is connected with the intermediate container 5, and the pressure pump 1 can set a designated displacement to perform temporary plugging experiments. Preferably, the pressure pump 1 is a constant-speed constant-pressure pump.
In order to better understand the determination method of the temporary plugging agent dosage provided in the embodiments of the present specification, a specific operation flow will be described below:
(1) and (3) splitting the test piece subjected to the triaxial hydraulic fracturing physical model experiment along the crack, and cutting a rock plate with the size of 20 x 4 x 2cm at a proper position on the crack surface. And optically scanning the rough surface of the rock plate, performing three-dimensional reconstruction on the data after optical scanning, and restoring the surface by using a 3D printing technology to obtain two 3D printed rock plates.
(2) Install two 3D printing rock plates respectively in first rock plate room and second rock plate room, adjust the crack width between two rock plates for 6mm according to the experiment demand, install the rock plate room 8 of assembling in water conservancy diversion container 7 again. Then, the guide container 7 is placed on a table 13, and the rotary handle 14 is operated to pressurize the guide container 7 to 25 MPa.
(3) The degradable temporary plugging agent with different shapes and different particle sizes is selected to meet different plugging requirements. And pouring a certain amount of water into a stirring cup, continuously stirring, gradually adding guar gum, adding a NaOH solution, adjusting the pH value to 9-11, stirring for 10-15 minutes, then adding the temporary plugging agent, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and then adding the crosslinking agent to form the carrier fluid of the temporary plugging agent.
(4) The displacement of the constant-pressure constant-speed pump is set to be 100ml, a temporary plugging displacement experiment is carried out, and the data acquisition unit 2 acquires the injection pressure measured by the pressure sensor 3. When the temporary plugging agent is accumulated in the crack for temporary plugging, the displayed injection pressure is gradually increased, and the experiment can be stopped when the injection pressure is increased to 20 MPa.
(5) Opening a rock chamber to observe and analyze the form of the temporary plugging zone, and measuring the length of the temporary plugging zone; and taking out the temporary plugging belt completely, and weighing the mass of the temporary plugging belt after the temporary plugging belt is air-dried.
(6) Calculating the actual temporary plugging agent dosage by the following formula based on the obtained length and mass of the temporary plugging belt:
in the formula, m represents the actual temporary plugging agent dosage and is in kg; m is1Expressed as mass of the temporary plugging zone in kg;
h is expressed as the thickness of the stratum and has the unit of m; h1Expressed as the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second rock plates in m; l represents the temporary plugging length in the crack and has the unit of m; l is1Expressed as the length of the temporary plugging strip in m.
(7) And determining the temporary plugging type formulation and the size combination in actual construction according to the type and the size of the temporary plugging agent in the experiment and the temporary plugging pressure change rule under the combination.
The method for determining the type, the size combination and the dosage of the temporary plugging agent in the gap provided by the embodiment of the specification has the following advantages and characteristics:
1. the method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of the temporary plugging agent, provided by the specification, extends the laboratory optimization result to the field condition, and is used for designing a field temporary plugging diversion fracturing scheme, so that the design of the dosage of the temporary plugging agent has theoretical and guiding basis.
2. The rock plate in the specification has a real rough surface, and can better simulate the wall surface of a crack in an actual stratum.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present specification, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and for distinguishing similar objects, and no order is present therebetween, and no indication or suggestion of relative importance is to be made. Further, in the description of the present specification, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Any numerical value recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the upper value that are incremented by one unit, provided that there is a separation of at least two units between any lower value and any higher value. For example, if it is stated that the number of a component or a value of a process variable (e.g., temperature, pressure, time, etc.) is from 1 to 90, preferably from 20 to 80, and more preferably from 30 to 70, it is intended that equivalents such as 15 to 85, 22 to 68, 43 to 51, 30 to 32 are also expressly enumerated in this specification. For values less than 1, one unit is suitably considered to be 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1. These are only examples of what is intended to be explicitly recited, and all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value that are explicitly recited in the specification in a similar manner are to be considered.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges include the endpoints and all numbers between the endpoints. The use of "about" or "approximately" with a range applies to both endpoints of the range. Thus, "about 20 to about 30" is intended to cover "about 20 to about 30", including at least the endpoints specified.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional.
A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining the type, size combination and dosage of a temporary plugging agent in a seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
cutting a rock plate with a preset size on a crack surface formed by triaxial hydraulic fracturing, and printing according to the rock plate by utilizing 3D printing to obtain a first rock plate and a second rock plate;
placing the first and second rock plates in a rock plate chamber, the rock plate chamber comprising: the first rock plate chamber is used for fixing the first rock plate, and the second rock plate chamber is used for fixing the second rock plate, and the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber are arranged at intervals;
selecting the type and the size of the temporary plugging agent according to experimental needs, preparing a temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, and injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid between the first rock plate chamber and the second rock plate chamber until the injection pressure reaches a preset pressure, and stopping injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid;
opening the rock plate chamber to observe the formed temporary plugging zone, and acquiring the length and the quality of the temporary plugging zone;
and calculating the actual temporary plugging agent dosage through a preset formula based on the obtained length and the quality of the temporary plugging belt.
2. The determination method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined formula is:
in the formula, m represents the actual temporary plugging agent dosage and is in kg; m is1Expressed as mass of the temporary plugging zone in kg; h is expressed as the thickness of the stratum and has the unit of m; h1Expressed as the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second rock plates in m; l represents the temporary plugging length in the crack and has the unit of m; l is1Expressed as the length of the temporary plugging strip in m.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the quality of the transient occlusion band comprises: and air-drying the temporary plugging belt, and weighing the temporary plugging belt after the temporary plugging belt is air-dried to obtain the mass of the temporary plugging belt.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of disposing a temporary blocking agent carrier fluid comprises: pouring water into a stirring cup, continuously stirring, gradually adding a guar gum solution and a NaOH solution, regulating the pH value to 9-11, stirring for a first preset time, adding a temporary plugging agent, stirring for a second preset time, and then adding a cross-linking agent.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step of injecting the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid, further comprising: applying a confining pressure greater than the predetermined pressure to the first and second rock chambers.
6. The method of determining of claim 1, wherein in the step of obtaining the first and second rock plates comprises: splitting a rock sample along a crack formed after a triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiment, cutting a rock plate with the preset size of 20cm in length, 4cm in width and 2cm in thickness on a crack surface, carrying out optical scanning on the crack surface of the rock plate, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on data after the optical scanning, and reducing the crack surface by using 3D printing to obtain the first rock plate and the second rock plate.
7. The method of determining as defined in claim 1, wherein an adjustment mechanism is provided between the first and second chambers for adjusting a spacing between the first and second chambers, the adjustment mechanism comprising: a raised portion disposed on the first rock chamber; a concave part arranged on the second rock plate chamber and matched with the convex part, wherein the height of the convex part is the same as the depth of the concave part; the gasket is arranged between the convex part and the concave part and is provided with a through hole corresponding to the convex part.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the temporary plugging agent carrier fluid is placed in an intermediate container, the slate chamber is contained in a diversion container, the diversion container has an inlet end and an outlet end, the intermediate container is connected to the inlet end by a pipeline, and the outlet end is connected to a waste liquid tank.
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