CN111980636B - Gravel filling device and method for sand prevention of oil layer - Google Patents
Gravel filling device and method for sand prevention of oil layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111980636B CN111980636B CN202010885667.XA CN202010885667A CN111980636B CN 111980636 B CN111980636 B CN 111980636B CN 202010885667 A CN202010885667 A CN 202010885667A CN 111980636 B CN111980636 B CN 111980636B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a gravel packing device and method for preventing sand in an oil layer, and belongs to the technical field of oil well construction. The technical scheme that this application embodiment provided, connect packing unit and backwash unit through the shear pin, after the shear pin disconnection, realize packing unit and backwash unit's separation, thereby leave the backwash unit in the position of predetermineeing in the pit, play the effect of shutoff screen pipe, the passageway through packing unit bottom is direct fills gravel and the mixture of taking the sand liquid to screen jacket annular space and oil reservoir in, because above-mentioned passageway diameter is great, can not worn and torn by the gravel, consequently, be applicable to and fill high sand ratio, the mixture of big sand volume and big discharge capacity, after accomplishing above-mentioned filling process, can wash the gravel of detaining at backwash unit top to the well head. Then, salvage the oil well with the backwash unit, that is to say, after accomplishing the packing, this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil well construction, in particular to a gravel packing device and method for preventing sand in an oil layer.
Background
In the process of oil well construction, the method can prevent original sand and stone in the oil layer from being exploited out of the well along with crude oil by filling gravel into the screen sleeve annulus and the oil layer, and the aim of reducing the sand content of the crude oil is fulfilled.
The gravel filling device for oil layer sand control, which is commonly used at present, is sealed on the inner wall of a casing through slips, is sealed through a rubber cylinder, and a mixture of gravel and sand-carrying liquid is sprayed outwards through a filling port on the side wall, so that a high-permeability gravel sand-blocking barrier with a large range is formed by a screen sleeve annulus, perforation holes, a stratum deep part and a near-wellbore area, and the aims of sand control and production increase are fulfilled.
However, in the using process, because the sand blasting discharge capacity is large, the sprayed mixture has the characteristics of high sand ratio and large sand amount, the filling port in the device is easily abraded, the closing is not tight, the sand prevention effect is not good, and the subsequent oil extraction process is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a gravel packing device and method for oil reservoir sand control, can be after accomplishing the packing of gravel, and this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, there is provided a gravel packing apparatus for sand control of an oil formation, the apparatus including: a filling unit and a backwashing unit;
the top of the filling unit is used for being connected with an oil pipe, the bottom of the filling unit is connected with the backwashing unit, and the bottom of the backwashing unit is connected with the sieve pipe;
the filling unit comprises an upper connector and a lock sleeve, the top of the lock sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper connector, and the inner wall of the bottom of the upper connector is provided with internal threads;
the backwashing unit comprises a locking joint, wherein the locking joint is provided with a first connecting part, a second connecting part and a backwashing part which are distributed from top to bottom;
the first connecting part is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread;
the second connecting part is provided with at least one through hole, a locking block is arranged in the through hole, the outer end of the locking block is clamped with the lock sleeve, and a releasing mechanism is arranged inside the second connecting part;
the backwashing part is provided with at least two backwashing holes which are symmetrically distributed.
In one possible design, the top inner wall of the upper joint is provided with a clamping structure for connecting oil pipes.
In one possible design, there is at least one first rubber ring between the lock sleeve and the lock nipple.
In one possible design, the release mechanism includes a sliding sleeve, a shear pin, a ball and a ball cover;
the sliding sleeve is positioned in the inner cavity of the second connecting part, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with at least one shear pin groove, one end of each shear pin is positioned in the shear pin groove, and the other end of each shear pin is inserted into the second connecting part;
the ball body is positioned at the top of the sliding sleeve;
the ball cover is barrel-shaped and is positioned in the inner cavity of the backwashing part and used for limiting the ball body, and the bottom plate of the ball cover is provided with at least two hydraulic holes which are symmetrically distributed.
In one possible design, at least one second rubber ring is arranged between the sliding sleeve and the second connecting part.
In one possible design, at least two of the hydraulic bores are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction.
In one possible design, the shear pin is spaced from the lock block.
In one possible design, the backwash unit further comprises a plug;
the upper end of the pipe plug is connected with the lock joint, and the lower end of the pipe plug is connected with the sieve pipe through reverse threads.
In one possible design, the plug and the locking joint are connected through a positive thread, and the rotation direction of the positive thread is the same as that of the internal thread on the upper joint.
In one aspect, there is provided a gravel packing method for preventing sand in an oil formation, which is applied to a gravel packing apparatus for preventing sand in an oil formation as provided in any one of the possible designs described above, the method comprising:
the filling unit and the backwashing unit are lowered into a preset position in the well;
separating the filling unit from the backwashing unit by shearing off the shear pins;
introducing a mixture of gravel and sand-carrying fluid into the filling unit, and filling the mixture into the annular space of the screen sleeve and the oil layer;
backwashing the gravel retained at the top of the backwashing unit;
and the upper connector of the filling unit and the locking connector of the backwashing unit are connected, and the backwashing unit is lifted out of the oil well by lifting up the filling unit.
The technical scheme that this application embodiment provided, connect packing unit and backwash unit through the shear pin, after the shear pin disconnection, realize packing unit and backwash unit's separation, thereby leave the backwash unit in the position of predetermineeing in the pit, play the effect of shutoff screen pipe, the passageway through packing unit bottom is direct fills gravel and the mixture of taking the sand liquid to screen jacket annular space and oil reservoir in, because above-mentioned passageway diameter is great, can not worn and torn by the gravel, consequently, be applicable to and fill high sand ratio, the mixture of big sand volume and big discharge capacity, after accomplishing above-mentioned filling process, can wash the gravel of detaining at backwash unit top to the well head. Then, salvage the oil well with the backwash unit, that is to say, after accomplishing the packing, this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a gravel packing apparatus for sand control in an oil formation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a releasing mechanism 2123 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a gravel packing method for sand control in an oil reservoir according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals for the various parts in the drawings are illustrated below:
1-a filling unit;
11-upper connector, 12-lock sleeve;
2-backwashing unit;
21-locking the joint;
22-plug;
211-a first connection;
212-a second connection;
2121-a through hole;
2122-locking block;
2123-releasing mechanism;
21231-sliding bush, 21232-shear pin, 21233-sphere, 21234-ball cover, 21235-shear pin groove, 21236-hydraulic hole;
213-backwashing section;
2131-backwash wells.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a gravel packing apparatus for sand control in an oil formation according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the apparatus including: a filling unit 1 and a backwashing unit 2; the top of the filling unit 1 is used for being connected with an oil pipe, the bottom of the filling unit is connected with the backwashing unit 2, and the bottom of the backwashing unit 2 is connected with a sieve pipe; the filling unit 1 comprises an upper connector 11 and a lock sleeve 12, wherein the top of the lock sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper connector 11, and the inner wall of the bottom of the upper connector 11 is provided with internal threads; the backwashing unit 2 comprises a locking joint 21, wherein the locking joint 21 is provided with a first connecting part 211, a second connecting part 212 and a backwashing part 213 which are distributed from top to bottom; the first connection portion 211 has an external thread adapted to the internal thread; the second connecting part 212 has at least one through hole 2121, a locking block 2122 is provided in the through hole 2121, the outer end of the locking block 2122 locks the lock sleeve 12, and a releasing mechanism 2123 is provided inside the second connecting part 212; the backwash section 213 has at least two backwash holes 2131 symmetrically distributed.
The working principle of the device is described in detail below:
in the continuous development process of an oil well, gravels are required to be filled into an oil reservoir gradually to ensure the oil production of the oil well, and particularly for a middle-shallow loose sandstone oil reservoir, the normal production of the oil well can be ensured only by filling the gravels with large discharge capacity, high sand ratio and large sand quantity.
The using process of the device can be divided into four stages of releasing, gravel filling, backwashing and salvaging, which are respectively introduced as follows:
releasing:
the bottom of the device is connected with a sieve tube, and the top of the device is connected with an oil pipe and then is placed into a preset position in the well, wherein the sieve tube is a sand control tube string, and the preset position is a preset position of the device and can correspond to an oil layer.
Lifting the pipe string for 1-2m, backwashing the well for 1-2 weeks by using clean water, and then pressing 8-15MPa underground through the oil pipe to enable liquid in the oil pipe to flow into a releasing mechanism 2123 inside the lock joint 21, shearing a shear pin 21232, and moving the lock block 2122 inwards to be separated from the lock sleeve 12 so as to separate the lock sleeve 12 from the lock joint 21, so that the backwashing unit 2 and the filling unit 1 are separated, and releasing is completed.
Gravel packing:
the filling unit 1 is lifted up through the riser, at which time the opening of the bottom of the lock casing 12 of the filling unit 1 is opened, because the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 have been separated. Because the oil pipe is connected above the filling unit 1, the mixture of gravel and sand-carrying liquid is poured out through the opening at the bottom of the lock sleeve 12 through the filling unit 1 and a channel formed by the filling unit 1 and the oil pipe, and because the bottom of the backwashing unit 2 is in a closed state, the mixture of gravel and sand-carrying liquid does not flow into the sieve tube through the inner cavity of the backwashing unit 2, but flows into the annular space of the sieve sleeve along the outer wall of the backwashing unit 2, and enters an oil layer through the construction holes on the sleeve. Wherein the mixture of gravel and sand carrier can be characterized by large discharge capacity, high sand ratio and large sand amount, and because the mixture flows out through the opening at the bottom of the lock sleeve 12, the diameter of the opening is large, so that the device cannot be damaged.
Backwashing:
considering that a portion of gravel may be retained at the top of the backwash unit 2 during gravel packing, the backwash step serves to remove the retained gravel for subsequent fishing of the backwash unit 2 and to prevent gravel from entering the screens. The backwashing process may be: and (3) after the pressure in the well returns to a normal state, lowering the filling unit 1 to an initial position, namely a position where the lock sleeve 12 is sleeved outside the lock joint 21, so as to plug the contact surface between the lock sleeve 12 and the lock joint 21.
The casing is arranged at the outer side of the oil pipe and the device, backwash liquid is injected downwards through the annular space between the casing and the oil pipe, the contact surface between the lock sleeve 12 and the lock joint 21 is in a sealing state, and the backwash part 213 is provided with backwash holes 2131, so the backwash liquid flows into the inner cavity of the backwash part 213 through the backwash holes 2131, flows out from the opening at the top of the first connecting part 211 after passing through the inner cavity of the second connecting part 212 and the inner cavity of the first connecting part 211, carries with the gravel at the top of the first connecting part 211, flows to the well mouth through the oil pipe connected above the packing unit 1 and the packing unit 1, and is discharged from the well mouth, thereby the gravel remained in the well is removed through the backwash process.
Fishing:
this step is used to salvage the backwash unit 2 uphole for subsequent oil recovery operations. The fishing process can be as follows: after the backwash process, the pipe string is continued to be lowered so that the lock sleeve 12 continues down the lockjoint 21 until the internal thread on the top sub 11 contacts the external thread on the first connection portion 211 of the lockjoint 21.
In the step, the matching of the internal thread and the external thread needs to be screwed, the internal thread and the external thread are matched, the internal thread and the external thread are right-handed threads as an example, the oil pipe and the filling unit 1 can be rotated clockwise at the moment, the internal thread and the external thread are screwed to connect the upper joint 11 and the locking joint 21, namely to connect the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2, and after the connection is completed, the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 are lifted to the well through a lifting pipe column.
Through the steps, the gravel packing operation is completed by the gravel packing device, and the gravel packing device is not left in the well after the gravel packing operation is completed, so that great convenience is provided for the subsequent petroleum production process.
The device that this application embodiment provided, connect packing unit 1 and backwash unit 2 through shear pin 21232, shear pin 21232 disconnection back, realize packing unit 1 and backwash unit 2's separation, thereby leave backwash unit 2 at the position that predetermines in the pit, play the effect of shutoff screen pipe, directly pack gravel and the mixture of sand-laden liquid to screen jacket annular space and oil reservoir through the passageway of packing unit 1 bottom, because above-mentioned passageway diameter is great, can not appear being worn and torn by the gravel, consequently, be applicable to and fill the mixture of high sand ratio, big sand volume and large discharge capacity, after accomplishing above-mentioned filling process, can follow the outside inside backwash liquid of spouting of backwash hole 2131, will be detained the gravel at backwash unit 2 top and wash to the well head. Then, salvage the oil well with backwash unit 2, that is to say, after accomplishing the packing, this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process.
The following is a detailed description of the structure and working principle of each part of the device:
in one possible design, the top inner wall of the upper joint 11 has a stop structure for connecting an oil pipe. The locking structure may be a plurality of structures, for example, it may be a screw thread, and the screw thread in the screw thread fit has the same direction as the screw thread of the upper joint 11, so that during the fishing process, the screw thread in the locking structure can be screwed because it is turned in the direction of screwing the screw thread, or when the screw thread in the locking structure is screwed, the screw thread fit is not changed when it is further rotated. Therefore, when the locking structure is a screw thread, the upper joint 11 can be fixed to the oil pipe without hindering the normal operation of the device.
In one possible design, there is at least one first rubber ring between the lock sleeve 12 and the lock nipple 21, and the first rubber ring is used for sealing and reducing leakage between the lock sleeve 12 and the lock nipple 21.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a release mechanism 2123 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 2, in one possible design, release mechanism 2123 includes a sliding sleeve 21231, shear pins 21232, a ball 21233, and a ball cover 21234; the sliding sleeve 21231 is located in the inner cavity of the second connecting portion 212, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 21231 is provided with at least one shear pin groove 21235, one end of the shear pin 21232 is located in the shear pin groove 21235, and the other end is inserted into the second connecting portion 212; ball 21233 is located on top of sliding sleeve 21231; the ball cover 21234 is barrel-shaped and is located in the inner cavity of the backwashing part 213 for limiting the ball 21233, and the bottom plate of the ball cover 21234 has at least two symmetrically distributed hydraulic holes 21236.
In the above configuration, the hydraulic holes 21236 at the bottom of the ball cover 21234 serve to allow fluid flow during both the release and backwash operations. Specifically, during the release, pressure is applied downhole through the tubing and the fluid in the tubing flows from the top down through the hydraulic holes 21236 and into the interior cavity of the lock sub 21. During backwashing, backwash liquid flows out of the backwash holes 2131 into the backwash holes 2131, then flows from bottom to top through the inner cavity of the lock joint 21, and then passes through the hydraulic holes 21236 from bottom to top.
In this releasing mechanism 2123, the sliding sleeve 21231 is cylindrical, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 21231 contacts the inner wall of the second connecting part 212, and the diameter of the ball 21233 is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve 21231 and smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding sleeve 21231, so that the ball 21233 can move in the inner cavity of the second connecting part 212 without falling through the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 21231. During a releasing process, when the fluid flowing down from the oil pipe flows into the inner cavity of the second connecting part 212 through the hydraulic hole 21236, the pressure of the fluid is applied to the ball 21233, the ball 21233 presses the sliding sleeve 21231 downwards, the sliding sleeve 21231 shears the shear pins 21232 connected between the sliding sleeve 21231 and the second connecting part 212 under the pressure, and the sliding sleeve 21231 slides downwards, and then, since the lock block 2122 is arranged in the through hole 2121 of the second connecting part 212 and the sliding sleeve 21231 is arranged at the inner side of the second connecting part 212, the sliding sleeve 21231 no longer acts as a barrier to the lock block 2122 after sliding downwards, so that the lock block 2122 moves into the inner cavity of the second connecting part 212 until being separated from the lock sleeve 12 and no longer clamping the lock sleeve 12, thereby separating the lock sleeve 12 from the lock joint 21, fixing the backwash unit 2 in place, and lifting up the filling unit 1, thereby completing the releasing process.
In a possible design, the ball 21233 is a steel ball, which has a smooth outer surface and is not easily damaged, and the service life of the device is prolonged.
In one possible design, there is at least one second rubber ring between the sliding sleeve 21231 and the second connection 212 for sealing between the sliding sleeve 21231 and the second connection 212.
In one possible design, at least two of the hydraulic holes 21236 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, so that the ball 21233 is not shielded, and the fluid can uniformly pass through the hydraulic holes 21236, thereby maintaining the pressure balance inside the device.
In one possible design, shear pins 21232 are spaced from lock block 2122, i.e., lock block 2122 is disposed between each pair of shear pins 21232, so that during the releasing process, each shear pin 21232 is balanced based on the pressure of the fluid, and the time for shearing does not differ too long. For example, if the number of shear pins 21232 and lock blocks 2122 is two, two shear pins 21232 are symmetrically disposed on second connecting portion 212, and one lock block 2122 is disposed on the wall of second connecting portion 212 at a position 90 ° away from shear pins 21232, and lock blocks 2122 are also symmetrically disposed on second connecting portion 212.
In one possible design, the backwash unit 2 further comprises a plug 22; the upper end of the plug 22 is connected with the lock joint 21, and the lower end is connected with the screen pipe through reverse threads, wherein the reverse threads are opposite to the threads of the internal threads on the upper joint 11 and the external threads on the lock joint 21. The plug 22 can act as a plug to prevent fluid from flowing into the screen during release, gravel packing, and backwashing. In the fishing process, the filling unit 1 needs to be rotated forwards, and the device continues to be rotated forwards after the connection between the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 is completed, namely the plug 22 rotates forwards, but the sieve tube does not move, so that the threaded connection between the plug 22 and the sieve tube can be unscrewed, and the backwashing unit 2 with the plug 22 can be lifted out of the well after the plug 22 and the sieve tube are completely separated.
In one possible design, the connection structure between the backwash unit 2 and the screen may be other structures, such as a locking structure, a setting structure, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
In one possible design, the plug 22 and the locking connector 21 are connected by a positive thread, which has the same direction as the internal thread of the upper connector 11, so that the connection at the positive thread is not loosened during fishing due to the forward rotation of the backwashing unit 2.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form optional embodiments of the present application, and are not described herein again.
The device that this application embodiment provided, connect packing unit 1 and backwash unit 2 through shear pin 21232, shear pin 21232 disconnection back, realize packing unit 1 and backwash unit 2's separation, thereby leave backwash unit 2 at the position of predetermineeing in the pit, play the effect of shutoff screen pipe, directly pack the mixture of gravel and sand-laden liquid to screen jacket annular space and oil reservoir through the passageway of packing unit 1 bottom, because above-mentioned passageway diameter is great, can not appear being worn and torn by the gravel, consequently, be applicable to the mixture of filling high sand ratio, big sand volume and large discharge capacity, after accomplishing above-mentioned filling process, can outwards spray backwash liquid from backwash hole 2131, will detain the gravel at backwash unit 2 top and wash to the well head. Then, salvage the oil well with backwash unit 2, that is to say, after accomplishing the packing, this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process.
Further, release mechanism 2123 includes sliding sleeve 21231, shear pins 21232, ball 21233 and ball cover 21234, so that fluid can pass through ball cover 21234 and then be pushed downward, pushing ball 21233 to push sliding sleeve 21231 downward, thereby allowing shear pins 21232 to be easily cut through sliding sleeve 21231.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a gravel packing method for preventing sand in an oil reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, applied to a gravel packing apparatus for preventing sand in an oil reservoir according to any one of the possible designs described above, the method including:
301. the filling unit 1 and the backwash unit 2 are lowered into the well at preset positions.
In this step, the packing unit 1 and the backwash unit 2 are lowered into the well through the tubing, since the top of the packing unit 1 is connected to the tubing. The predetermined position may be based on the location of the oil formation to ensure that subsequent gravel and sand-laden fluid mixtures may be packed through the apparatus into the screen annulus and the oil formation.
302. The filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 are separated by shearing the shear pins 21232.
In this step, the backwash unit 2 is left in the well to plug the screen and prevent subsequent mixture of gravel and sand laden fluid from entering the screen lumen.
303. And introducing a mixture of gravel and sand-carrying fluid into the packing unit 1, and packing the mixture into the annular space of the screen sleeve and the oil layer.
Wherein, the particle size of the gravel can be 0.425mm-0.85mm, or 0.6mm-1.18mm, and after the gravel with the particle size enters an oil layer, the gravel with the particle size can not only prevent sand in the oil layer from being produced along with crude oil, but also can not obstruct the production and the flow of the crude oil. The sand carrier is a liquid for carrying gravel or proppant into an oil reservoir, which generally does not cause contamination of the oil reservoir, and gravel can be conveniently packed into the oil reservoir using the sand carrier.
304. The gravel retained at the top of the backwashing unit 2 is backwashed.
305. The upper connector 11 of the filling unit 1 and the locking connector 21 of the backwashing unit 2 are connected, and the backwashing unit 2 is lifted out of the oil well by lifting up the filling unit 1.
Through the steps, the gravel packing operation is completed by the gravel packing device, and the gravel packing device is not left in the well after the gravel packing operation is completed, so that great convenience is provided for the subsequent petroleum production process.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is characterized in that the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 are connected through the shear pins 21232, after the shear pins 21232 are disconnected, the filling unit 1 and the backwashing unit 2 are separated, the backwashing unit 2 is left at a preset position in a well and plays a role in plugging a sieve tube, a mixture of gravel and sand-carrying liquid is directly filled into a sieve sleeve annulus and an oil layer through a channel at the bottom of the filling unit 1, due to the fact that the diameter of the channel is large, the mixture is not abraded by the gravel, and therefore the method is suitable for filling the mixture with high sand ratio, large sand amount and large discharge amount, after the filling process is completed, backwash liquid can be injected inwards from the outside of the backwashing hole 2131, and gravel staying at the top of the backwashing unit 2 is washed to a well head. Then, salvage the oil well with backwash unit 2, that is to say, after accomplishing the packing, this gravel packing device for oil reservoir sand control can be based on the structural feature of self, can be put forward the oil well completely, has made things convenient for subsequent oil recovery process.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A gravel packing apparatus for sand control of an oil formation, the apparatus comprising: a filling unit (1) and a backwashing unit (2);
the top of the filling unit (1) is used for being connected with an oil pipe, the bottom of the filling unit is connected with the backwashing unit (2), and the bottom of the backwashing unit (2) is connected with a sieve pipe;
the filling unit (1) comprises an upper connector (11) and a lock sleeve (12), the top of the lock sleeve (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper connector (11), and the inner wall of the bottom of the upper connector (11) is provided with internal threads;
the backwashing unit (2) comprises a locking joint (21), and the locking joint (21) is provided with a first connecting part (211), a second connecting part (212) and a backwashing part (213) which are distributed from top to bottom;
the first connecting part (211) is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread;
the second connecting part (212) is provided with at least one through hole (2121), a lock block (2122) is arranged in the through hole (2121), the outer end of the lock block (2122) is used for clamping the lock sleeve (12), and a releasing mechanism (2123) is arranged inside the second connecting part (212);
the backwashing section (213) has at least two backwashing holes (2131) symmetrically distributed.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top inner wall of the upper joint (11) is provided with a stop structure for connecting oil pipes.
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is at least one first rubber ring between the lock sleeve (12) and the lock nipple (21).
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the releasing mechanism (2123) comprises a sliding sleeve (21231), shear pins (21232), a ball (21233), and a ball cover (21234);
the sliding sleeve (21231) is positioned in the inner cavity of the second connecting part (212), the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (21231) is provided with at least one shear nail groove (21235), one end of each shear nail (21232) is positioned in the shear nail groove (21235), and the other end of each shear nail (21232) is inserted into the second connecting part (212);
the ball (21233) is located on top of the sliding sleeve (21231);
the ball cover (21234) is barrel-shaped and is positioned in the inner cavity of the backwashing part (213) and used for limiting the ball body (21233), and the bottom plate of the ball cover (21234) is provided with at least two hydraulic holes (21236) which are symmetrically distributed.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that there is at least one second rubber ring between the sliding sleeve (21231) and the second connection (212).
6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that at least two of said hydraulic holes (21236) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.
7. The device of claim 4, wherein the shear pins (21232) are spaced apart from the lock block (2122).
8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the backwash unit (2) further comprises a plug (22);
the upper end of the pipe plug (22) is connected with the lock joint (21), and the lower end of the pipe plug is connected with the sieve pipe through reverse threads.
9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the plug (22) is connected to the locking nipple (21) by means of a positive thread having the same direction of rotation as the internal thread of the upper nipple (11).
10. A gravel packing method for sand control in an oil formation, which is applied to the gravel packing apparatus for sand control in an oil formation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
the filling unit (1) and the backwashing unit (2) are lowered into a preset position in the well;
separating the filling unit (1) from the backwashing unit (2) by shearing off shear pins (21232);
introducing a mixture of gravel and sand-carrying fluid into the filling unit (1) to fill the mixture into the annular space of the screen sleeve and the oil layer;
backwashing the gravel retained at the top of the backwashing unit (2);
and a locking joint (21) connecting the upper joint (11) of the filling unit (1) and the backwashing unit (2), and lifting the filling unit (1) up to lift the backwashing unit (2) out of the oil well.
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| CN202010885667.XA CN111980636B (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Gravel filling device and method for sand prevention of oil layer |
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| CN202010885667.XA CN111980636B (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Gravel filling device and method for sand prevention of oil layer |
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| CN111980636B true CN111980636B (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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| CN111980636A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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