CN111978796B - Super-hydrophobic coating, preparation method and application method - Google Patents
Super-hydrophobic coating, preparation method and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111978796B CN111978796B CN202010779737.3A CN202010779737A CN111978796B CN 111978796 B CN111978796 B CN 111978796B CN 202010779737 A CN202010779737 A CN 202010779737A CN 111978796 B CN111978796 B CN 111978796B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C09D125/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2518/00—Other type of polymers
- B05D2518/10—Silicon-containing polymers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of super-hydrophobic materials, in particular to a super-hydrophobic coating, a preparation method and an application method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, styrene, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, azobisisobutyronitrile and ethyl acetate are used as raw materials to synthesize the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer by a free radical polymerization method. Adding the nano silicon dioxide, the amino ester esterified polysiloxane and the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer into a solvent, dripping the mixture onto a substrate, and drying in an environment with the temperature of 45 ℃ and the humidity of 95%. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and the prepared super-hydrophobic coating has the characteristics of super-hydrophobicity, easiness in slipping, adhesion prevention, self-cleaning and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of super-hydrophobic materials, in particular to a super-hydrophobic coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Typical bionic materials are represented by super-hydrophobic surfaces made of artificial lotus leaves, and the lotus leaves have special microstructures and low surface energy to enable the lotus leaves to have excellent performance, so that the lotus leaves are widely concerned. The super-hydrophobic surface is a surface with a contact angle of more than 150 degrees and a rolling angle of less than 10 degrees. There are two types of superhydrophobic models: the model proposed by Wenzel considers water penetration into the rough surface; the model proposed by Cassie considers that water floats in air between rough surface gaps. The preparation method of the super-hydrophobic material comprises a sol-gel method, a photoetching method, a spraying method, an automatic assembly method, a deposition method, a template method, an electrospinning method and the like. The super-hydrophobic surface has excellent properties including anti-icing, anti-freezing, anti-fogging, anti-corrosion, self-cleaning and anti-adhesion. Therefore, the super-hydrophobic surface has wide application and prospect in the fields of oil-water separation, anti-icing, drag reduction, heat transfer, aerospace and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the performance of a super-hydrophobic coating in the prior art, the invention provides a super-hydrophobic coating, a preparation method and an application method of the super-hydrophobic coating.
A super-hydrophobic coating comprises PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, amino-esterified polysiloxane and hydrophobic nano-silica which are uniformly dispersed in a solvent, wherein the concentration of the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer in the super-hydrophobic coating is 10-30mg/ml, the concentration of the amino-esterified polysiloxane is 0.02-0.05g/ml, and the concentration of the hydrophobic nano-silica is 5-15 mg/ml.
Further, the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is a copolymer of styrene (pt) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA), and has a molecular weight of 5000-.
Further, the solvent is chloroform or toluene.
The preparation method of the super-hydrophobic coating comprises the following steps: adding the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, the amino esterified polysiloxane and the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion until the mixture is uniform to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating. Has the advantages of simple preparation method and simple reaction conditions.
Further, the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is prepared by the following method: and (2) taking azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, styrene and hydroxyethyl methacrylate as monomers, and ethyl acetate as a solvent, precipitating in methanol after the reaction is finished by a free radical polymerization method, and then performing suction filtration and vacuum drying to prepare the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer. Furthermore, the reaction temperature is 72 ℃, the reaction time is 6 hours, and the molar ratio of the initiator to the styrene is 1: 100.
Further, the amino-esterified polysiloxane is prepared by the following method: firstly, uniformly mixing hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and 4,4' -methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) to prepare amino-esterified polysiloxane.
Further, the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the 4,4' -methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) was 1: 1.
A using method of the super-hydrophobic coating comprises the steps of dropwise coating the super-hydrophobic coating on a coating, and drying at a constant temperature of 30-50 ℃ and a constant humidity environment of more than 95% RH to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is an amphiphilic copolymer, and the amino esterified polysiloxane can react with hydroxyl in the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, so that the flexibility of the coating can be improved. Based on a PS-co-PHEMA copolymer and amino esterified polysiloxane, the super-hydrophobic membrane with the microporous structure is prepared by a respiring method at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95% RH, and nano silicon dioxide is assembled at the same time, so that the nano silicon dioxide and the microporous structure form a micro-nano structure. The super-hydrophobic coating formed by the super-hydrophobic coating has the characteristics of super-hydrophobicity, easiness in slipping, adhesion resistance, self-cleaning, acid and alkali resistance and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of PS-co-PHEMA in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the superhydrophobic coating in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the water contact angle of the superhydrophobic coatings in example 1, comparative example 1, and comparative example 6, wherein the left graph is a graph of the water contact angle of the coating prepared in example 1, the middle graph is a graph of the water contact angle of the coating prepared in comparative example 1, and the right graph is a graph of the water contact angle of the coating prepared in comparative example 6.
Fig. 4 is a test of crack resistance of a hydrophobic coating, the left figure is a coating without addition of amino-esterified polysiloxane, and the right figure is a coating with addition of amino-esterified polysiloxane.
Fig. 5 is a test of self-cleaning performance of hydrophobic coatings, wherein the left image is a super-hydrophobic coating saturated with carbon black and the right image is a picture after the super-hydrophobic coating saturated with carbon black is washed with water drops.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation of the super-hydrophobic coating comprises the following steps:
(1) synthesis of PS-co-PHEM copolymer
11.5ml of styrene, 1.2ml of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 52.7ml of ethyl acetate and 0.16g of azobisisobutyronitrile were added to a reaction flask and reacted at 72 ℃ for 6 hours by a radical polymerization method to synthesize a PS-co-PHEMA copolymer. Then precipitating the mixture in methanol, filtering, and drying in vacuum at 45 ℃ to obtain the PS-co-PHEM copolymer.
(2) Synthesis of amino-esterified polysiloxanes
1g of hydroxyl-terminated Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and 1g of 4,4' -methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) were mixed uniformly to prepare an aminoesterified polysiloxane.
(3) Weighing 15mg of PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, 0.05g of amino esterified polysiloxane and 10mg of nano silicon dioxide, adding into 1ml of chloroform, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
Preparing a super-hydrophobic coating;
the superhydrophobic coating prepared in the step (3) of the present example was dropped on a substrate and dried under an environment of 45 ℃ and 95% humidity to obtain a superhydrophobic coating.
Comparative example 1
(1) Same as example 1
(2) Same as example 1
(3) The procedure was changed to example 1, in which silica was not added in step (3), and the rest was not changed.
Preparing a super-hydrophobic coating: in the same manner as in example 1, the superhydrophobic coating obtained in step (3) of this example was dropped on a substrate and dried in an environment of 45 ℃ and 95% humidity to obtain a superhydrophobic coating.
Example 2
(1) 11.5ml of styrene in step (2) of example 1 was replaced with 23 ml of styrene, and the rest of the operation was not changed.
(2) Same as example 1
(3) Same as example 1
Comparative example 2
(1) Same as example 2
(2) Same as example 2
(3) The procedure of example 2 was changed to the procedure of example 1, step (3), without adding silica.
Example 3
(1) 11.5ml of styrene in step (2) of example 1 was replaced with 34.5ml of styrene, and the rest of the operation was unchanged.
(2) Same as example 1
(3) Same as example 1
Comparative example 3
(1) Same as example 2
(2) Same as example 2
(3) The procedure of example 2 was changed to the procedure of example 1, step (3), without adding silica.
Example 4
(1) Same as example 1
(2) Same as example 1
(3) 15mg of the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer obtained in step (3) of example 1 was changed to 10mg and 30mg, and the rest was not changed.
Comparative example 4
(1) Same as example 3
(2) Same as example 3
(3) The procedure was changed to example 3, step (3), in which silica was added, to no silica addition, and the rest was unchanged.
Example 5
(1) Same as example 1
(2) Same as example 1
(3) The concentration of the solution in the step (3) of example 1, 5mg of nano-silica was changed to 10, 15mg of nano-silica, and the rest of the operation was not changed.
Comparative example 5
(1) Same as example 4
(2) Same as example 4
(3) The procedure was changed to example 4, step (3), without adding silica, and the rest was unchanged.
Comparative example 6
(1) Synthesis of amino-esterified polysiloxanes
1g of hydroxyl-terminated Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and 1g of 4,4' -methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate) were mixed uniformly to prepare an aminoesterified polysiloxane.
(2) 0.05g of amino esterified polysiloxane and 10mg of nano silicon dioxide are weighed into 1ml of chloroform, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 10min, so as to prepare the super-hydrophobic coating.
See Table 1, which is a table of the molecular weight and distribution of the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer prepared in the above examples, wherein the molecular weight of the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is 8000-20000, and the molecular weight distribution is about 1.5.
TABLE 1 molecular weight and distribution of PS-co-PHEMA copolymer
Referring to table 2, the contact angles of the superhydrophobic coatings prepared in the above examples are shown, and the static contact angle of each example can reach 150 ° or more, which shows that the superhydrophobic coating has excellent hydrophobicity.
TABLE 2 contact angles of the superhydrophobic coatings prepared in the above examples
Referring to table 3, the contact angles of the superhydrophobic coatings prepared in the above examples after soaking in PH 1,7, and 13 for 24 hours can reach a static contact angle of 150 ° or more, indicating that the superhydrophobic coatings have excellent corrosion resistance.
TABLE 3 contact Angle test
FIG. 1 is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum of PS-co-PHEMA in example 1, 3000--1Is the expansion vibration peak of the C-H benzene ring, 1601, 1493cm-1Is a stretching vibration doublet of benzene ring C ═ C, 1725cm-1Is the stretching vibration peak of C ═ O of hydroxyethyl methacrylate. 699, 759cm-1The double peak of the mono-substituted benzene ring indicates that PS-co-PHEMA is successfully synthesized.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the superhydrophobic coating in example 1, and a large amount of silica and pores can be seen when the magnification is 5000 times, which shows that the surface of the superhydrophobic coating prepared by the scheme has a micro-nano structure.
Referring to fig. 3, the left graph is the water phase contact angle graph of the superhydrophobic coating in example 1, the static contact angle reaches 157 degrees, and the superhydrophobic state is obtained. The middle graph is the water phase contact angle graph for the coating produced in comparative example 1, the static contact angle reaching 123 °. The rightmost plot is the water contact angle plot of the coating of comparative example 6 without PS-co-PHEMA at 137 °
See fig. 4 for a hydrophobic coating prepared by the respiring method, wherein the left figure shows a coating without addition of aminoesterified polysiloxane, which has a large number of cracks, and the right figure shows a coating with addition of aminoesterified polysiloxane (corresponding to the coating prepared in example 1), which has no cracks. Indicating that the amino esterified polysiloxane improved the flexibility of the coating.
Referring to fig. 5, the left image is the super-hydrophobic coating layer full of carbon black, and the right image is the image after the super-hydrophobic coating layer full of carbon black is washed by water drops, and the water drops flow to carry away the carbon black, which shows that the super-hydrophobic coating layer has good self-cleaning property.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be equivalent or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in other embodiments according to the disclosure of the present invention, or make simple changes or modifications on the design structure and idea of the present invention, and fall into the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. A super-hydrophobic coating is used for forming a super-hydrophobic coating through a respirogram method, and is characterized in that: the super-hydrophobic coating comprises PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, amino-esterified polysiloxane and hydrophobic nano-silica which are uniformly dispersed in a solvent, wherein the concentration of the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer in the super-hydrophobic coating is 10-30mg/mL, the concentration of the amino-esterified polysiloxane is 0.02-0.05g/mL, and the concentration of the hydrophobic nano-silica is 5-15 mg/mL;
the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is a copolymer of styrene and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and has a molecular weight of 5000-20000, wherein the molar ratio of the styrene to the hydroxyethyl methacrylate is 10-30: 1;
the amino-esterified polysiloxane is prepared by the following method: firstly, uniformly mixing hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and 4,4' -methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) and then carrying out ultrasonic reaction to prepare amino-esterified polysiloxane;
the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the 4,4' -methylene bis (phenyl isocyanate) is 1: 1.
2. The superhydrophobic coating of claim 1, wherein: the solvent is chloroform or toluene.
3. The method of preparing the superhydrophobic coating of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: adding the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer, the amino esterified polysiloxane and the hydrophobic nano silicon dioxide into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion until the mixture is uniform to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
4. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic coating of claim 3, wherein: the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer is prepared by the following method: styrene and hydroxyethyl methacrylate are used as monomers, any one of ethyl acetate and butanone or a mixture of the ethyl acetate and the butanone is used as a solvent, free radical polymerization is carried out under the initiation of an azo initiator, precipitation is carried out in methanol after the reaction is finished, and then vacuum drying is carried out after suction filtration, so as to prepare the PS-co-PHEMA copolymer.
5. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic coating of claim 3, wherein: the reaction temperature is 72 ℃, the reaction time is 6 hours, and the molar ratio of the initiator to the styrene is 1: 100.
6. The use method of the super-hydrophobic coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of dripping the super-hydrophobic coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2 on a substrate, and drying at a constant temperature of 30-50 ℃ and a constant humidity environment of more than 95% RH to obtain the super-hydrophobic coating.
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| CN102093697A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Lotus leaf surface-imitated super-hydrophobic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN108504269A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of floride-free nonpolluting coating and preparation method thereof of ultraviolet light/sun light curable |
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| CN111234303A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of hydrophobic star polymer porous membrane |
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| US20140099445A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-04-10 | University Of Massachusetts | Method for producing a film having a nano-structure on the surface of the film |
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| CN102093697A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-06-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Lotus leaf surface-imitated super-hydrophobic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN108504269A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of floride-free nonpolluting coating and preparation method thereof of ultraviolet light/sun light curable |
| CN109161047A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏科技大学 | The preparation method of polystyrene or the porous penetrating film of polystyrene copolymer |
| CN110028899A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 天津大学 | A kind of patterning polysiloxanes ice-covering-proof coating and preparation method thereof |
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