CN111978056A - Modified material of low-quality aggregate and treatment method - Google Patents
Modified material of low-quality aggregate and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111978056A CN111978056A CN202010879703.1A CN202010879703A CN111978056A CN 111978056 A CN111978056 A CN 111978056A CN 202010879703 A CN202010879703 A CN 202010879703A CN 111978056 A CN111978056 A CN 111978056A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1074—Silicates, e.g. glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a modified material of low-quality aggregate and a treatment method. The invention provides a modified material of low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 46-50% of cement; 10-15% of mineral admixture; 2-5% of active powder; 0.2 to 0.6 percent of water reducing agent; 0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator; 0 to 3.2 percent of expanding agent; 0 to 0.12 percent of air entraining agent; 0 to 0.0007 percent of defoaming agent. According to the modified material provided by the invention, through the matching among the components and the dosage adjustment, the effective filling and coating modification of low-quality aggregate can be realized, and particularly through the matching among the specific dosage of cement, active powder and the viscosity modifier, the surface tension and viscosity of the modified material can be effectively adjusted, and the pore immersion amount and the shell coating thickness are synergistically optimized; the inorganic and organic components are used in a compounding way to promote secondary hydration/chemical bonding of the slurry layer, improve the interface strength of the aggregate and the slurry layer, improve the barrel pressure strength of the modified aggregate by more than 40%, reduce the crushing value by more than 30% and reduce the water absorption rate for 24 hours by more than 15%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a modified material of low-quality aggregate and a treatment method.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the ocean development strategy in China, the construction amount of infrastructure in offshore islands or coastal areas is greatly increased, as an important component of concrete raw materials, common river sand and gravel resources are extremely deficient in offshore islands, and the transportation of sandstone raw materials from the continents can greatly increase the construction cost and prolong the construction period. On the premise of not damaging the local ecological environment, the coral aggregate concrete is prepared by using the waste coral reefs and sand on the island reefs as raw materials, so that the natural sandstone resources can be saved, the transportation cost is reduced, the construction period is shortened, the construction requirements of deep sea development and development engineering in areas far away from a coastline can be effectively met, and the method has important practical significance and high application value.
The coral reef aggregate has large porosity, strong water absorption, low strength and high content of harmful ions, and the direct application of the coral reef aggregate in the preparation of concrete causes a plurality of problems of poor workability, low strength, inconsistent strength development in the early and later periods, insufficient durability and the like, thereby seriously restricting the application of the coral reef aggregate in offshore and island reef engineering construction.
With the rapid development of infrastructure construction and real estate markets, more and more buildings are newly built and rebuilt every year, and a large amount of construction waste is generated in the process of newly building and rebuilding, so that the environment is greatly influenced. The quantity of the construction waste generated every year reaches 20 hundred million tons at present, and rises year by year; on the other hand, the consumption of concrete exceeds 80 billion cubic meters every year, the demand of sandstone aggregate reaches 130 billion tons, and the natural aggregate resource is seriously lacked, so that the economic, social and environmental problems are increasingly prominent. The waste concrete is used as recycled aggregate after crushing and sorting treatment, so that waste resources can be effectively utilized, natural sandstone resources can be saved, and the problems of lack of natural aggregate and environmental damage caused by mining are solved.
Compared with natural aggregate, the recycled aggregate has low strength and higher crushing index value; the regenerated concrete has a plurality of edges and corners, the surface of the regenerated concrete is adhered with a layer or part of hardened slurry, the porosity is high, and a complex multi-interface structure is formed in the concrete, so that the durability problem of the regenerated concrete is more prominent. At present, the application of the method is limited to a certain extent, and if the application field of the method is widened and the utilization rate is improved, the method needs to be firstly subjected to surface treatment to realize multiple interface strengthening and performance improvement.
At present, the treatment method of low-quality aggregates such as coral aggregates, recycled aggregates and the like mainly comprises two methods of mechanical modification and chemical modification. The mechanical modification is to improve the particle shape, the surface roughness and the like of the low-quality aggregate through mechanical action; the chemical modification is to adopt inorganic or organic materials to soak and dry the low-quality aggregate, and utilize the filling and film-forming effects of the slurry to reduce the water absorption of the low-quality aggregate and improve the strength of the aggregate.
However, these methods have certain drawbacks, and are not yet applied on a large scale. Mechanical modification cannot accurately control the modification effect, energy consumption is high, and a large amount of waste powder can be generated; chemical modification is still in the experimental research stage at present, conventional inorganic materials cannot enter the pores of the low-quality aggregate, and the polymer material has good fluidity and film-forming property, but has poor compatibility with cement concrete materials and limited modification effect. In addition, modification of the coral aggregates generally starts from two aspects of pore filling and surface coating, and filling and coating are realized by selecting different modification materials for processing, but due to the difference in performance of the selected filling and coating modification materials, a new interface is introduced, so that the processing effect is poor; if the same modified material is used for filling and coating, it is difficult to achieve effective filling and coating at the same time because the performance requirements of filling and coating on the modified material are different. Therefore, a chemical modification material and a method for a porous low-quality aggregate such as a coral aggregate and a recycled aggregate have yet to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects that the modification material and the modification method for porous low-quality aggregate in the prior art cannot simultaneously realize effective filling and surface coating of pores, so as to provide a modification material and a treatment method for low-quality aggregate.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a modified material of low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
46-50% of cement;
10-15% of mineral admixture;
2-5% of active powder;
0.2 to 0.6 percent of water reducing agent;
0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator;
0 to 3.2 percent of expanding agent;
0 to 0.12 percent of air entraining agent;
0 to 0.0007 percent of defoaming agent.
Further, the modified material of the low-quality aggregate comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
47-49% of cement;
12-13% of mineral admixture;
2-4% of active powder;
0.3 to 0.5 percent of water reducing agent;
0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator;
2.3 to 3.0 percent of expanding agent;
0.05 to 0.08 percent of air entraining agent;
0.0002 to 0.0005 percent of defoaming agent.
Further, in the modified material of the low-quality aggregate, the balance is water; preferably, the amount of water is 30.5-36.3%.
Further, the active powder is at least one of nano silicon dioxide and polymer rubber powder;
preferably, the active powder consists of nano silicon dioxide and polymer rubber powder, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the polymer rubber powder is 1: 2.
further, the density of the viscosity modifier is 0.98-1.02g/mL, and the pH value is 7.5-10.0;
preferably, the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited.
Further, the mineral admixture is at least one of fly ash, mineral powder, silica fume, metakaolin and limestone powder.
Preferably, the mineral admixture consists of fly ash, mineral powder and metakaolin, and the mass ratio is 3: 3: 2.
further, the cement is at least one of portland cement and aluminate cement;
the water reducing agent is at least one of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a naphthalene water reducing agent; preferably, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is not lower than 30%;
the expanding agent is at least one of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents and calcium oxide expanding agents;
the air-entraining agent is at least one of rosin air-entraining agent and saponin air-entraining agent;
the defoaming agent is at least one of a silicone defoaming agent or a modified polyether defoaming agent.
The invention also provides a method for treating the low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
soaking low-quality aggregate by using water glass, and drying for later use;
and (3) putting the soaked low-quality aggregate into a soaking container, modifying by adopting a modifying material under the condition of vacuumizing and/or pressurizing, spreading the low-quality aggregate, naturally curing for 18-24h, steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 4-12h, and cooling.
Further, the modified material is the modified material of the low-quality aggregate provided by the invention.
Further, the modification step is that the modified material is injected under the vacuum condition, the stirring is carried out for 1-4min, and the stirring is continued for 2-6min under the high pressure condition;
preferably, the vacuum condition is 2-5kPa, and the high pressure condition is 0.2-0.5 MPa.
Further, the high-temperature high-pressure steam curing is carried out under the conditions that the temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the pressure is 1-2 MPa.
Further, the mass ratio of the modified material to the low-quality aggregate is 1: 0.2-0.35.
The low-quality aggregate comprises coral aggregate and recycled aggregate, wherein the recycled aggregate is derived from waste concrete blocks and can be prepared by crushing, grading and mixing according to a certain proportion.
The invention has no special requirement on the type of cement, specifically, the Portland cement can be selected from six grades of 42.5, 42.5R, 52.5R, 62.5 and 62.5R, and the aluminate cement can be selected from four types of CA-50, CA-60, CA-70 and CA-80.
The polymer rubber powder comprises one or more of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer rubber powder, acrylic acid rubber powder, ethylene-vinyl chloride-vinyl laurate ternary copolymer rubber powder, vinyl acetate-ethylene-vinyl higher fatty acid vinyl ester ternary copolymer rubber powder and vinyl acetate-vinyl higher fatty acid vinyl ester copolymer rubber powder.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a modified material of low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 46-50% of cement; 10-15% of mineral admixture; 2-5% of active powder; 0.2 to 0.6 percent of water reducing agent; 0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator; 0 to 3.2 percent of expanding agent; 0 to 0.12 percent of air entraining agent; 0 to 0.0007 percent of defoaming agent. According to the modified material provided by the invention, the fluidity of the modified material is more than or equal to 260mm through the matching among the components and the adjustment of the using amount; the viscosity is less than or equal to 80mPa & s, so that the effective filling and coating modification of the low-quality aggregate can be realized, particularly, the surface tension and the viscosity of the modified material can be effectively adjusted through the matching among the cement, the active powder and the viscosity modifier with specific dosage, on one hand, the immersion capacity is improved, on the other hand, the thickness of the shell on the surface layer of the pore can be cooperatively adjusted, meanwhile, the immersion filling and the coating modification of the shell of the pore of the aggregate are realized, and the treatment effect of the aggregate is integrally improved; the inorganic and organic components are used in a composite way, so that secondary hydration/chemical bonding of the slurry layer is promoted, and the interface strength of the aggregate and the slurry layer is improved.
The low-quality aggregate modification material provided by the invention can improve the modification effect of the aggregate and enhance the mixing performance of concrete by further optimizing and adjusting the use amount of each component. The addition of the expanding agent can compensate volume shrinkage generated in the forming process of the cementing material, ensure the strength and compactness of slurry and simultaneously play a role in optimizing an interface between the slurry and aggregate.
The active powder is composed of nano silicon dioxide and polymer rubber powder, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the polymer rubber powder is 1: 2, by selecting the active powder with specific composition and proportion, the filling and modifying effects of the modified material on the pores and the surface of the low-quality aggregate can be further enhanced, and the surface treatment effect is improved.
The density of the viscosity modifier is 0.98-1.02g/mL, and the pH value is 7.5-10.0; preferably, the viscosity regulator is a polycarboxylic acid type viscosity reducer. By selecting the viscosity modifier with specific performance and composition, the cohesiveness and the fluidity of the slurry can be synergistically optimized, and the effects of impregnation and coating are ensured.
The invention provides a modified material of low-quality aggregate, wherein the mineral admixture is composed of fly ash, mineral powder and metakaolin, and the mass ratio is 3: 3: 2. the mineral admixture with specific composition and proportion can adjust the overall water absorption and workability of the slurry, and the mineral admixture and cement jointly construct a compact and corrosion-resistant cementing material system, so that the hydration heat is reduced, the cement consumption is reduced, the cost is saved, and the durability and long-term strength of the material are improved.
2. The invention provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps: soaking low-quality aggregate by using water glass, and drying for later use; and (3) putting the soaked low-quality aggregate into a soaking container, modifying by adopting a modifying material under the condition of vacuumizing and/or pressurizing, spreading the low-quality aggregate, naturally curing for 18-24h, steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 4-12h, and cooling. According to the treatment method provided by the invention, the low-quality aggregate is soaked in the water glass solution, so that a layer of colloid film is formed on the surface of the aggregate, and the colloid film and a subsequent treatment material have a coupling effect, so that a good interface transition region is formed between the aggregate and the modified material slurry. The vacuum impregnation process is adopted, so that the slurry can be ensured to be fully infiltrated with the aggregate, the aggregate pores can be more fully filled with the slurry, the modified material slurry can enter deeper into the aggregate pores by adopting pressurization stirring, and the pore filling degree and the combination degree of the slurry and the aggregate are improved; and simultaneously, the compactness of the shell layer and the integral strength of the aggregate can be improved. The method for treating the low-quality aggregate can realize effective filling of the pores of the aggregate and surface coating by only carrying out one-step treatment on a single modified material, is simple and convenient to operate, and simultaneously avoids the problem that the treatment effect is influenced by introducing a new interface due to step-by-step treatment of various modified materials.
The method for treating the low-quality aggregate selects the modified material provided by the invention for treatment, the modified material with the specific composition and the specific proportion provided by the invention is matched with the specific treatment method for use, after the modification treatment, sufficient modified material is filled in the pores of the low-quality aggregate, and a coating layer with the thickness of 0.7-1.5mm is formed on the surface of the low-quality aggregate, so that the cylinder pressure strength of the treated aggregate is improved by more than 40%, the crushing value is reduced by more than 30%, and the water absorption of 24h is reduced by more than 17%.
The method for treating the low-quality aggregate provided by the invention has the advantages that the high-temperature and high-pressure steam curing is carried out under the conditions of 60-80 ℃, 1-2MPa and 8-12 h. The high-temperature autoclaved curing can improve the hydration degree of cement and mineral admixture in the surface treatment material, improve the microstructure and compactness of slurry and improve the overall performance of the treated aggregate.
According to the method for treating the low-quality aggregate, the mass ratio of the modified material to the low-quality aggregate is 1:0.2-0.35, and the modification effect of the low-quality aggregate can be further improved by limiting the mass ratio of the modified material to the low-quality aggregate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the bonding condition of the surface of the treated aggregate and a coating layer in example 5 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an optical microscope photograph of a cross section of the coral aggregate after the treatment in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
52.5R 50kg of Portland cement; 12.5kg of mineral admixture; 5kg of active powder; 0.6kg of water reducing agent; 4g of viscosity modifier, and adding water to supplement the mixture to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture comprises 3kg of fly ash, 3kg of metakaolin, 4kg of limestone and 2.5kg of silica fume; the active powder is nano silicon dioxide; the water reducing agent is a ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent produced by rock science and technology limited in middle building materials; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 20kg of the washed coral aggregates in 50kg of 30% water glass solution for 4h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into an impregnation container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 1min under the vacuum condition of 5kPa, and stirring for 2min under the high-pressure condition of 0.2 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 24h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 4h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1MPa, the temperature is 80 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
52.5R 50kg of Portland cement; 15kg of mineral admixture; 2kg of active powder; 0.2kg of water reducing agent; 1g of viscosity modifier, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture comprises 6kg of fly ash, 5kg of metakaolin and 4kg of limestone; the active powder is nano silicon dioxide; the water reducing agent is a ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent produced by rock science and technology limited in middle building materials; the viscosity modifier is SK-420 type viscosity modifier produced by Ningbo water science and technology Limited company.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 35kg of the washed coral aggregate in 50kg of 5% water glass solution for 5h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting the modified material slurry, and then stirring for 6min under the high pressure condition of 0.5 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 18h, then carrying out high-temperature high-pressure steam curing for 12h, wherein the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure steam curing is 2MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
CA-6046 kg of aluminate cement; 13kg of mineral admixture; 4kg of active powder; 0.5kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 3.2kg of expanding agent, 0.08kg of air entraining agent and 7g of defoaming agent, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 5kg of fly ash, 4kg of metakaolin and 4kg of silica fume; the active powder is nano silicon dioxide; the water reducing agent is a ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent produced by rock science and technology limited in middle building materials; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the expanding agent is a ZY-UEAII expanding agent produced by medium-building materials, rock science and technology Limited; the air entraining agent is SX rosin air entraining agent produced by Shanxi Mulus building materials chemical Co., Ltd; the defoaming agent is an organic silicon defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregate in 50kg of 20% water glass solution for 4.5h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into an impregnation container, injecting the modified material slurry, vacuumizing, and stirring for 4min under the condition that the vacuum degree is 2 kPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 70 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 49kg of Portland cement; 14kg of mineral admixture; 4kg of active powder; 0.3kg of water reducing agent; 2g of viscosity modifier, 2.3kg of expanding agent, 0.05kg of air entraining agent, 2g of defoaming agent and 26.1kg of water, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 5kg of fly ash, 4kg of metakaolin, 4kg of silica fume and 1kg of mineral powder; the active powder is vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerized rubber powder; the water reducing agent is a ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent produced by rock science and technology limited in middle building materials; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the expanding agent is ZY-UEA II type expanding agent produced by medium-building materials, rock science and technology Limited; the air entraining agent is SX rosin air entraining agent produced by Shanxi Mulus building materials chemical Co., Ltd; the defoaming agent is an organic silicon defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 30kg of the washed coral aggregate in 60kg of 20% water glass solution for 4.5h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into an impregnation container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 2min under the vacuum condition of 3kPa, and stirring for 4min under the high-pressure condition of 0.4 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 6h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 65 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 48kg of Portland cement; 13kg of mineral admixture; 4kg of active powder; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 2.8kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent and 4g of defoaming agent, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 4.9kg of fly ash, 3.2kg of metakaolin and 4.9kg of mineral powder; the active powder comprises 1.3kg of nano silicon dioxide of Kodak (Beijing) science and technology Limited and 2.7kg of 5010N type glue powder produced by Germany Wake chemical company; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregates in 50kg of 18% water glass solution for 3h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 75 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the bonding condition of the aggregate surface and the coating layer after the treatment of the embodiment, and it can be seen from the SEM photograph that the thickness of the coating layer is about 1.3mm, the interface structure of the cement hydration product of the coating layer material and the coral aggregate is compact, and the interface bonding is good.
FIG. 2 is an optical microscope photograph of the cross section of the treated coral aggregate of this example, and it can be seen from the figure that the coating material is tightly bonded to the aggregate, and the filling effect of the slurry in the pores inside the aggregate is good.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 49kg of Portland cement; 12kg of mineral admixture; 3kg of active powder; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 3kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent, 4g of defoaming agent and water, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 4.5kg of fly ash, 3kg of metakaolin and 4.5kg of mineral powder; the active powder comprises 1kg of nano silicon dioxide of the science and technology limited company of the Kodgong (Beijing) and 2kg of 5010N type glue powder produced by the German Wake chemical company; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregates in 55kg of 18% water glass solution for 4h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 5h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.8MPa, the temperature is 70 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a method for treating low-quality aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 48kg of Portland cement; 13kg of mineral admixture; 4kg of active powder; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 2.8kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent and 4g of defoaming agent, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 4.9kg of fly ash, 4.9kg of metakaolin and 3.2kg of mineral powder; the active powder comprises 2.7kg of nano silicon dioxide of Kodak (Beijing) science and technology Limited and 1.3kg of 5010N type glue powder produced by Germany Wake chemical company; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) and (3) crushing the cleaned recycled aggregate (the recycled aggregate is derived from waste concrete blocks, and the waste concrete blocks are crushed into two types of particle sizes of 5-10mm and 10-20mm according to the proportion of (5-10 mm): (10:20mm) ═ 4: 6) is soaked in 50kg of 18 percent water glass solution for 3 hours, then taken out and dried for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the regenerated aggregate to be treated into an impregnation container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained regenerated aggregate subjected to the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 75 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a method of treating a low quality aggregate comprising the steps of:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 48kg of Portland cement; 13kg of mineral admixture; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 2.8kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent and 4g of defoaming agent, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture consists of 4.9kg of fly ash, 3.2kg of metakaolin and 4.9kg of mineral powder; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregates in 50kg of 18% water glass solution for 3h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 75 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a method of treating a low quality aggregate comprising the steps of:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 48kg of Portland cement; 4kg of active powder; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 3g of viscosity modifier, 2.8kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent and 4g of defoaming agent, and adding water to complement to 100kg, wherein the active powder comprises 1.3kg of nano silicon dioxide of Kedtong (Beijing) science and technology Limited and 2.7kg of 5010N type rubber powder produced by Germany Wake chemical company; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high-performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregates in 50kg of 18% water glass solution for 3h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 75 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides a method of treating a low quality aggregate comprising the steps of:
the composition of the modified material is as follows:
42.5R 48kg of Portland cement; 13kg of mineral admixture; 4kg of active powder; 0.4kg of water reducing agent; 2.8kg of expanding agent, 0.06kg of air entraining agent and 4g of defoaming agent, and adding water to supplement to 100kg, wherein the mineral admixture comprises 4.9kg of fly ash, 3.2kg of metakaolin and 4.9kg of mineral powder; the active powder comprises 1.3kg of nano silicon dioxide of Kodak (Beijing) science and technology Limited and 2.7kg of 5010N type glue powder produced by Germany Wake chemical company; the water reducing agent is ZY-700 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the swelling agent is ZY-UEA II type swelling agent; the air entraining agent is SJ-2 type saponin air entraining agent produced by Haliotis virginiana biotechnology limited; the defoaming agent is a polyether defoaming agent.
The processing steps are as follows: 1) soaking 25kg of cleaned coral aggregates in 50kg of 18% water glass solution for 3h, taking out, and drying for later use; 2) weighing the modified material according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring the components for later use; 3) putting the coral aggregate to be treated into a dipping container, injecting a modified material, vacuumizing, stirring for 3min under the vacuum condition of 4kPa, and stirring for 3min under the high-pressure condition of 0.3 MPa; 4) spreading the obtained coral aggregates after the dipping and coating treatment to avoid mutual cementation, naturally curing for 20h, then steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 8h, wherein the pressure of the high temperature and high pressure steaming is 1.5MPa, the temperature is 75 ℃, and then cooling to room temperature.
Examples of the experiments
The treated coral aggregates and reclaimed aggregates and untreated coral aggregates and reclaimed aggregates of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were tested for the coating thickness, pore filling amount, barrel pressure strength, crush value, porosity, water absorption and water-soluble chloride ion content of the modified aggregates, fluidity and viscosity of the modified slurry, etc., and the specific test methods and results are as follows.
1. Cladding thickness and pore filling test
The treated aggregate is cut and observed under an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope to obtain the thickness of the surface coating, and the average value of 10 aggregates is taken as the thickness value of the coating. And testing the mass of the aggregate before and after treatment, and calculating the mass increment percentage as a pore filling value.
2. Cylinder crush strength test
Reference GB/T17431.2 lightweight aggregate and test method part 2 thereof: the lightweight aggregate test method was used to test the compressive strength of coral aggregate cylinders.
3. Crush value test
The test is carried out according to the method in GB/T14685 construction pebbles and broken stones.
4. Porosity test
And (3) measuring the porosity by using a drainage method, namely randomly extracting a certain amount of aggregate, putting an aggregate sample into vacuum water saturation equipment for vacuum water saturation, keeping the vacuum degree at 1-5kPa, and keeping the water saturation time at 4 h. Taking out the functional aggregate sample, and weighing the water retention mass MsTo the nearest 0.1 g.
Placing a water container on an electronic scale, binding functional aggregate by using a string, hanging the string above the water container, keeping the functional aggregate submerged by water in the container, not sinking to the bottom and not contacting with the wall of the container, and obtaining the real volume V of the aggregate by the difference of electronic scale readings before and after the aggregate is added.
All the aggregates were placed in an oven, the oven temperature was adjusted to 105 ℃, and drying was continued for 48 h. Taking the sample out of the oven, naturally cooling to room temperature, and weighing the mass MdTo the nearest 0.1 g. According to the followingThe formula (I) calculates the porosity of the material,
5. water absorption test
The test is carried out by referring to the quality of the sand and the stone for the JGJ 52 common concrete and the method in the standard of the test method.
6. Slurry fluidity test
The slurry fluidity was determined according to GB/T8077-.
7. Slurry viscosity test
The experiment adopts a digital rotational viscometer to prepare slurry according to a proportion, a clean slurry stirrer is adopted to stir for 1min at a low speed and then for 2min at a high speed, the slurry is quickly injected into a viscosity test sample barrel to test the viscosity value of the slurry under the condition that the rotating speed is 60r/min, and the test temperature is 20 ℃.
8. Water soluble chloride ion content test
The test is carried out according to the method of 'the content of chloride ions in sand' in the quality of the sand and the stone for JGJ 52 common concrete and the standard of the test method.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in the table, after the coral aggregate is treated by the slurry prepared by the method, the barrel pressure strength of the aggregate is obviously improved, and the crushing value is greatly reduced, which shows that the strength improvement effect of the slurry and the treatment method on the porous coral aggregate is obvious; the porosity, the water absorption and the water-soluble chloride ion content of the aggregate are all reduced, and the workability of the low-quality aggregate concrete can be effectively improved.
The data of example 5 compared with comparative example 1 show that the addition of the active powder can increase the compactness of the surface coating layer and the thickness of the surface slurry coating layer of the treated aggregate, thereby improving the cylinder pressure strength and reducing the crushing value, and the porosity, the water absorption and the water-soluble chloride ion content of the coral aggregate are obviously reduced after the addition of the active powder.
The data of example 5 compared to comparative example 2 show that the addition of mineral admixtures can adjust the properties of the slurry, such as fluidity and viscosity (in comparative example 2, the water-to-gel ratio is too large, the slurry bleeds seriously and cannot be tested), thereby affecting the thickness of the coating and the pore filling amount, and further affecting the compactness and the overall performance of the hydration product of the surface layer. By adding a proper amount of mineral admixture, the material cost can be saved, and the slurry performance can be further optimized in a synergistic manner, so that the treatment effect of the aggregate is influenced.
Compared with the data of the comparative example 3, the data of the example 5 shows that the addition of the viscosity modifier can effectively reduce the viscosity of the slurry and increase the fluidity of the slurry, thereby effectively improving the pore filling amount and further influencing the modification effect of the aggregate.
From the effect of example 7, after the material of the invention is used for treating the recycled aggregate, the crushing value, the porosity and the water absorption of the aggregate are all reduced, which shows that the strength of the treated aggregate is increased, the water demand during concrete preparation is reduced, and the adsorption rate of the additive is reduced, thereby being beneficial to improving the strength of the recycled aggregate concrete and enhancing the workability of the recycled aggregate concrete.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. The modified material of the low-quality aggregate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
46-50% of cement;
10-15% of mineral admixture;
2-5% of active powder;
0.2 to 0.6 percent of water reducing agent;
0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator;
0 to 3.2 percent of expanding agent;
0 to 0.12 percent of air entraining agent;
0 to 0.0007 percent of defoaming agent.
2. The modified material of the low-quality aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
47-49% of cement;
12-13% of mineral admixture;
2-4% of active powder;
0.3 to 0.5 percent of water reducing agent;
0.001-0.004% of viscosity regulator;
2.3 to 3.0 percent of expanding agent;
0.05 to 0.08 percent of air entraining agent;
0.0002 to 0.0005 percent of defoaming agent.
3. The modified material of low-quality aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the balance is water; preferably, the amount of water is 30.5-36.3%.
4. The modified material of the low-quality aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the active powder is at least one of nano silica and polymer rubber powder;
preferably, the active powder consists of nano silicon dioxide and polymer rubber powder, and the mass ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the polymer rubber powder is 1: 2.
5. the modified material of low-quality aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the viscosity modifier has a density of 0.98 to 1.02g/mL and a pH of 7.5 to 10.0;
preferably, the viscosity modifier is Rheoplus420 high performance viscosity modifier produced by BASF China Limited.
6. The modified material of low-quality aggregate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mineral admixture is at least one of fly ash, mineral powder, silica fume, metakaolin and limestone powder;
preferably, the mineral admixture consists of fly ash, mineral powder and metakaolin, and the mass ratio is 3: 3: 2.
7. the modified material of low-quality aggregate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cement is at least one of portland cement and aluminate cement;
the water reducing agent is at least one of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a naphthalene water reducing agent; preferably, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is not lower than 30%;
the expanding agent is at least one of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents and calcium oxide expanding agents;
the air-entraining agent is at least one of rosin air-entraining agent and saponin air-entraining agent;
the defoaming agent is at least one of a silicone defoaming agent or a modified polyether defoaming agent.
8. A method for treating low-quality aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
soaking low-quality aggregate by using water glass, and drying for later use;
and (3) putting the soaked low-quality aggregate into a soaking container, modifying by adopting a modifying material under the condition of vacuumizing and/or pressurizing, spreading the low-quality aggregate, naturally curing for 18-24h, steaming at high temperature and high pressure for 4-12h, and cooling.
9. The method for processing a low-quality aggregate according to claim 8, wherein the modifying material is the modifying material for a low-quality aggregate according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. The method for treating low-quality aggregate according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the modification step comprises injecting the modified material under vacuum condition, stirring for 1-4min, and continuing stirring under high pressure condition for 2-6 min;
preferably, the vacuum condition is 2-5kPa, and the high pressure condition is 0.2-0.5 MPa.
11. The method for treating a low-quality aggregate according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure steam curing is performed at a temperature of 60 to 80 ℃ and a pressure of 1 to 2 MPa.
12. The method for treating a low-quality aggregate according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the mass ratio of the modifying material to the low-quality aggregate is 1:0.2 to 0.35.
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