CN111975898B - Preparation method of hollow equal-diameter bamboo tube column body made of raw bamboo - Google Patents
Preparation method of hollow equal-diameter bamboo tube column body made of raw bamboo Download PDFInfo
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 302
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/06—Softening or hardening of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
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- B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder, and relates to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization. The method comprises the following steps: s1: selecting materials; s2: preparing a bamboo tube; s3: removing bamboo joints and bamboo septa; s4: calculating and cutting; s5: softening the bamboo tube; s6: shaping and drying a bamboo tube column with a regular circular truncated cone; s7: and (5) preparing the equal-diameter bamboo tube column. Therefore, the bamboo tube with certain sharpening degree can be shaped into the large-scale production of the hollow equal-diameter bamboo tube. The equal-diameter bamboo tube can be used for rotary cutting of bamboo veneers, greatly improves the utilization rate of the bamboo tube for preparing the bamboo veneer decorative material by the rotary cutting method, is also suitable for manufacturing bamboo furniture, bamboo buildings, bamboo artware, guardrails and bamboo outdoor landscapes, and has important significance for improving the utilization rate of bamboo wood and expanding the utilization field of the bamboo wood.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder, belonging to the field of bamboo processing.
Background
Bamboo has a high growth speed, can be formed into timber in 3-5 years generally, is the best timber substitute at present, bamboo resources in the south of the Yangtze river of China are rich, the bamboo with the widest planting area is moso bamboo, and in addition, bamboo with a large diameter such as giant dragon bamboo, Yunnan dendrocalamus latiflorus and lobular dragon bamboo is also available, bamboo stalks of the bamboo are thick and straight, the height is 30 meters, the diameter is 20-30 centimeters, the internode length is 17-22 centimeters, the bamboo is natural and suitable for manufacturing structural materials, so that the bamboo has the potential of becoming a bamboo processing base in China, and the condition that forest resources are insufficient in China can be effectively relieved by using the bamboo instead of natural solid wood.
In addition, the cylindrical structure of the bamboo material accords with the equal strength design principle in material mechanics and can be used as a structural material. However, the cross sections of the bamboo materials are different in size and are not in a standard round shape, and particularly, the ovality of the bamboo materials is required to be as small as possible by the rotary cutting process of the bamboo veneers, and the bamboo materials which are not shaped are difficult to realize large-scale production. In addition, natural bamboo is easy to crack in the using process, so that the using range of the natural bamboo is limited; and is easy to be eaten by insects, absorb water and decay.
The natural bamboo has uneven water content, low water content, poor plasticity and difficult processing. Compared with wood, the bamboo wood has high cellulose content and low hemicellulose and lignin content, the hemicellulose and the lignin can have good processability at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and the cellulose needs higher temperature. Therefore, the bamboo tube is softened at high temperature and then processed to a certain degree, can be used for manufacturing bamboo furniture, bamboo buildings, bamboo artware, guardrails and bamboo outdoor landscapes, and has important significance for improving the utilization rate of bamboo wood and expanding the utilization field of bamboo wood.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column, which aims to rectify the shape and size of a bamboo tube through a calculated cutting mode, then soften the bamboo tube in a high-pressure steam softening tank at the temperature of 140-180 ℃, preferably 145-165 ℃ for 5-10min, humidify and heat the bamboo tube, soften hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose in bamboo and simultaneously carbonize the hemicellulose. And then, using a water-resistant adhesive, an equal-diameter cylinder mould and a controllable arc-shaped compression roller to completely and tightly close the cut of the bamboo tube, drying, adjusting the temperature and humidity until the weight is constant, and finally performing rotary cutting. The equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder obtained by calculating, cutting, softening and shaping makes up for the defects that a natural bamboo tube is easy to crack, the mothproof and corrosion-resistant performance of the bamboo tube is improved, and the bamboo tube cylinder overcomes the defects that the cross sections of bamboo materials are different in size and are not in standard circular shapes, and is suitable for large-scale application.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the preparation method of the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body comprises the following process steps:
s1: selecting materials;
s2: preparing a bamboo tube;
s3: removing bamboo joints and bamboo septa;
s4: calculating and cutting;
s5: softening the bamboo tube;
s6: shaping and drying a bamboo tube column with a regular circular truncated cone: pressing and shaping the softened bamboo tube into a bamboo tube column body with a regular circular truncated cone by using a mould, and then drying;
s7: preparing an equal-diameter bamboo tube column: the bamboo tube cylinder with the regular round table is cut in a rotary mode to prepare an equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder;
step S1, selecting fresh bamboo without mildew and rot defects; preparing the bamboo tube in the step S2, namely sawing bamboo materials into the bamboo tube according to the use length; and (3) removing the bamboo joints and the bamboo partitions in the step (S3), and removing the outer joints, the inner joints and the bamboo partitions of the bamboo tube on an outer joint removing machine and an inner joint removing machine respectively to ensure that the outer joints of the bamboo tube are not protruded and the interior of the bamboo tube is hollow.
And step S4, calculating cutting, wherein the specific cutting requirement is that the inner diameter of the target equal-diameter original bamboo body is assumed to be R (R is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the small end of the bamboo tube), and the wall thickness of the small end of the original bamboo tube is assumed to be H1Wall thickness of big end is H2Cutting off a part of the bamboo tube longitudinally to make the arc length of the cut small head and large head be 2 pi R and the arc length of the small head be 2 pi (R + H)1) The external arc length of the big head is 2 pi (R + H)2). A cut having a left cut and a right cut is formed by cutting a portion of the bamboo tube longitudinally therethrough.
Preferably, the left section protrudes outwards, the right section is recessed inwards, and the left section and the right section can be mutually involuted; the protruding height is the same as the depth t of the recess, and is 1/4-1/2 of the thickness H of the bamboo wall.
And S5, softening the bamboo tube, putting the bamboo tube with the cut opening into a high-pressure steam softening tank, controlling the softening temperature at 140-180 ℃ according to the thickness of different bamboo walls, and softening for 5-10 min. Preferably, the softening temperature is from 145 ℃ to 165 ℃.
Shaping the regular round table bamboo tube cylinder in the step S6, applying an adhesive to the softened bamboo tube at the opening along the longitudinal wall thickness, immediately sleeving a constant-diameter cylinder mold into the hollow part of the bamboo tube to completely fit the inner wall of the small end of the softened bamboo tube with the inner shaft of the constant-diameter cylinder mold, and tightly fitting the outer wall of the small end with a multi-stage controllable pressing roller; the multi-stage controllable compression roller is an arc-shaped compression roller, and gradually presses the bamboo tube from the small end of the bamboo tube along the tangential direction of the bamboo tube until the openings of the small end and the large end of the bamboo tube are completely and tightly closed
Step S6, drying the bamboo tube cylinder of the regular round table, and placing the closed bamboo tube fixed in sections in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, placing the band clamp in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% to balance the moisture and the stress, and taking out the band clamp after the weight is constant to obtain the regular round table bamboo tube column.
Step S7 equal diameter bamboo tube column preparation, the concrete mode of rotary cutting is: and (3) taking the diameter of the excircle of the small end of the regular round table as a reference and the center of the circle of the small end as a center, placing the regular round table on a rotary cutter, and rotary-cutting to form an equal-diameter bamboo tube column body.
The method has the advantages that the natural bamboo materials subjected to pretreatment such as saw cutting and node removal are cut according to the cutting method, then the bamboo tubes are pressed in the tangential direction to obtain the regular round table bamboo tube cylinder body with the same axial inner diameter and different outer diameters due to thickness, and then the equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder body can be obtained through rotary cutting.
Considering that the wall thicknesses of bamboo materials with different thicknesses are different, compared with the mode of directly pressing the bamboo tubes into the equal-diameter bamboo tubes, the mode of firstly pressing and then rotationally cutting reduces the implementation complexity of the compression roller process, avoids the influence of radial compression on the bamboo material strength when the bamboo materials are compressed, and can expand the radius distribution range of the selected bamboo materials when the materials are selected. For bamboo with large radius differences, the corresponding wall thickness differences are not negligible. After cutting, although the inner diameters can be guaranteed to be consistent, the outer diameters are different, so that the bamboo tube is integrally in a circular truncated cone shape, if the bamboo material is compressed along the radial direction, the pressing process is more complicated, the specific gravity of the bamboo tube can also be changed, and the radial size of the bamboo material tends to be recovered after the compression is stopped. However, the cells in the bamboo wood are deformed due to the pressure, the arrangement of the cells is changed to a certain extent, and partial inclusions such as starch, gum and the like are discharged in the compression process, so that the bamboo wood has the characteristics of plastic deformation: the shape is partially resilient but is generally irreversible. Therefore, the rule is complex and difficult to predict, and the method is not suitable for standard large-scale production. According to the characteristics of bamboo wood, pressing is carried out tangentially to obtain a regular round table, then rotary cutting is carried out uniformly by taking the diameter of the excircle of the small end of the regular round table as a reference and the circle center of the small end as a center, and the method for obtaining the equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder is high in efficiency, wide in application range and beneficial to large-scale production.
Further optimizing, the outwards convex left tangent plane can be involuted with the inwards concave right tangent plane each other, helps making the laminating of bamboo tube tangent plane of plastic stage tighter, and the structure of finished product bamboo tube cylinder is more firm. Wherein, the protruding height of the notch is the same as the depth t of the recess, and is 1/4-1/2 of the thickness H of the bamboo wall. If the value of t is too large, the bamboo wall of the right section is too thin, and the bamboo wall is easy to crack in the process of pressing the roller; if t is too small, the involution depth of the left section and the right section is insufficient, and the effect on tightly adhering the sections and firmly fixing the bamboo tube is not obvious. Softening the cut bamboo tube in a high-pressure steam softening tank at 140-180 ℃, preferably 145-165 ℃ for 5-10min, softening hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose by utilizing a high-temperature and high-humidity environment in the softening tank, simultaneously performing hydrolysis and pyrolysis reaction on the hemicellulose, carbonizing the hemicellulose in a short time, and simultaneously preventing the bamboo tube from losing a large amount of water in the heating process in the high-humidity environment. Under the softening time and temperature of the invention, the purpose of softening can be achieved, the bamboo fiber is protected from being damaged, and the bamboo after treatment can still keep good strength. The bamboo processed by high-pressure steam overcomes the defect that a natural bamboo tube is easy to crack on one hand, and the softened and carbonized bamboo tube has no crack and has mothproof and anti-corrosion properties on the other hand. And then, the bamboo tube is pressed along the tangential direction step by a multi-stage controllable arc-shaped press roller, so that the pressing mode is suitable for the cutting shape of the bamboo tube, and the secondary damage to the bamboo tube can be reduced to the maximum extent while the bamboo tube is tightly pressed. And finally, shaping, drying and rotary cutting are carried out to obtain the equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder which has the same radius and is circular in an error range, so that the equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder has wide application prospect in manufacturing bamboo furniture, bamboo buildings, bamboo artware, guardrails and bamboo outdoor landscapes and the like, and has important significance in improving the utilization rate of bamboo wood and expanding the utilization field of bamboo wood.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a bamboo tube cylinder after sawing and without further processing;
FIG. 2 is a pressed bamboo tube with a regular circular truncated cone;
FIG. 3 is the bamboo tube with equal diameter finally obtained after rotary cutting;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cut of a bamboo tube cut according to example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cut of a bamboo tube cut in example 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the processed bamboo tube column with the same diameter.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) selecting fresh moso bamboos without mildew and rot defects, wherein the diameter of the fresh moso bamboos is 100-160 mm, and sawing the moso bamboos into bamboo tubes according to the use length; then, respectively removing the outer joint, the inner joint and the bamboo partition of the bamboo tube on an outer joint removing machine and an inner joint removing machine to ensure that the outer joint of the bamboo tube has no protrusion and is hollow inside, and the wall thickness of the small end of the bamboo tube after saw cutting is H1Wall thickness of big end is H2。
(2) And cutting the bamboo tube. Cutting off a part along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo tube according to the arc length formula
Or
Calculating the size of the central angle corresponding to the arc to be cut, wherein the central angle corresponding to the cut arc is large, the inner diameter circle is slightly larger than the outer diameter circle, so that the lengths of the inner circular arcs of the small head and the large head of the bamboo tube after cutting are both equal to 2 pi R, and the arc length of the outer circular arc of the small head is 2 pi (R + H)1) The external circular arc of the big head is 2 pi (R + H)2). Cutting to form a left section and a right section, wherein the left section is protruded outwards and the right section is recessed inwards as shown in figure 4, and the left section and the right section can be mutually involuted; the protruding height is the same as the depth t of the recess, and is 1/4-1/2 of the thickness H of the bamboo wall.
(3) Placing the bamboo tube with cut opening into a high pressure steam softening tank, controlling softening temperature at 155 deg.C, and softening for 8 min.
(4) After a water-resistant adhesive is applied to the softened bamboo tube at the opening along the longitudinal wall thickness, the bamboo tube is immediately sleeved into an equal-diameter cylinder mold, so that the inner wall of the small end of the softened bamboo tube is completely attached to the inner shaft of the equal-diameter cylinder mold, and the outer wall of the small end is closely attached to a multi-stage controllable compression roller; and then, gradually pressing the bamboo tube by the controllable arc-shaped pressing roller outside the die from the small end of the bamboo tube until the openings of the small end and the large end of the bamboo tube are completely and tightly closed.
(5) Putting the closed bamboo tubes fixed in sections in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, the belt clamp is placed in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% to balance the moisture and the stress until the weight is constant, and then the belt clamp is taken out.
(6) And (3) taking the diameter of the outer circle of the small end of the regular round table bamboo tube column body as a reference and the center of the circle of the small end as a center, placing the regular round table on a rotary cutter, and rotary-cutting to obtain the equal-diameter bamboo tube column body.
Wherein, the cutting in step (2) "cutting off a part along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo tube" can be performed in addition to the above-mentioned manner of positioning according to the calculated central angle and then cutting, in a known production target: under the condition of the inner diameter R of the equal-diameter raw bamboo column body, calculating the inner circumference length C1 and the outer circumference length C2 of the target equal-diameter raw bamboo column body, subtracting C1 from the inner circumference length C3 and subtracting C2 from the outer circumference length C4 of the large head and the small head of the bamboo tube before cutting respectively to obtain the arc length of the bamboo material to be cut, measuring the fixed point, and cutting to ensure that the arc lengths of the inner rings of the small head and the large head of the bamboo tube after cutting are both equal to 2 pi R and the arc length of the outer circle of the small head is 2 pi (R + H)1) The external circular arc of the big head is 2 pi (R + H)2)。
Example 2:
(1) selecting fresh moso bamboos without mildew and rot defects, wherein the diameter of the fresh moso bamboos is 100-160 mm, and sawing the moso bamboos into bamboo tubes according to the use length; then, respectively removing the outer joint, the inner joint and the bamboo partition of the bamboo tube on an outer joint removing machine and an inner joint removing machine to ensure that the outer joint of the bamboo tube has no protrusion and is hollow inside, and the wall thickness of the small end of the bamboo tube after saw cutting is H1Wall thickness of big end is H2。
(2) And cutting the bamboo tube. Cutting off a part along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo tube according to the arc length formula
Or
And calculating the size of a central angle corresponding to the arc needing to be cut, wherein the size of the central angle corresponding to the cut arc is larger, and the inner diameter circle is slightly larger than the outer diameter circle, so that the lengths of the inner ring arcs of the small head and the large head of the bamboo tube after being cut are both equal to 2 pi R, wherein R is 40mm, and the lengths of the outer ring arcs of the small head and the large head are both equal to 2 pi (R + H). After cutting, left and right sections were formed as shown in FIG. 5.
(3) Placing the bamboo tube with cut opening into a high pressure steam softening tank, controlling softening temperature at 155 deg.C, and softening for 8 min.
(4) After a water-resistant adhesive is applied to the softened bamboo tube at the opening along the longitudinal wall thickness, the bamboo tube is immediately sleeved into an equal-diameter cylinder mold, so that the inner wall of the small end of the softened bamboo tube is completely attached to the inner shaft of the equal-diameter cylinder mold, and the outer wall of the small end is closely attached to a multi-stage controllable compression roller; and then, gradually pressing the bamboo tube by the controllable arc-shaped pressing roller outside the die from the small end of the bamboo tube until the openings of the small end and the large end of the bamboo tube are completely and tightly closed.
(5) Putting the closed bamboo tubes fixed in sections in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, the belt clamp is placed in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% to balance the moisture and the stress until the weight is constant, and then the belt clamp is taken out.
(6) And (3) taking the diameter of the outer circle of the small end of the regular round table bamboo tube column body as a reference and the center of the circle of the small end as a center, placing the regular round table on a rotary cutter, and rotary-cutting to obtain the equal-diameter bamboo tube column body.
Wherein, the cutting mode of the step (2) is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3:
(1) selecting fresh moso bamboos without mildew and rot defects, wherein the diameter of the fresh moso bamboos is 100-160 mm, and sawing the moso bamboos into bamboo tubes according to the use length; then, respectively removing the outer joint, the inner joint and the bamboo partition of the bamboo tube on an outer joint removing machine and an inner joint removing machine to ensure that the outer joint of the bamboo tube has no protrusion and is hollow inside, and the wall thickness of the small end of the bamboo tube after saw cutting is H1Wall thickness of big end is H2。
(2) And cutting the bamboo tube. Cutting off a part along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo tube according to the arc length formula
Or
Calculating the size of the central angle corresponding to the arc to be cut, wherein the central angle corresponding to the cut arc is large, the inner diameter circle is slightly larger than the outer diameter circle, so that the lengths of the inner circular arcs of the small head and the large head of the bamboo tube after cutting are both equal to 2 pi R, and the arc length of the outer circular arc of the small head is 2 pi (R + H)1) The external circular arc of the big head is 2 pi (R + H)2). Cutting to form a left section and a right section, wherein the left section is protruded outwards and the right section is recessed inwards as shown in figure 4, and the left section and the right section can be mutually involuted; the protruding height is the same as the depth t of the recess, and is 1/4-1/2 of the thickness H of the bamboo wall.
(3) Placing the bamboo tube with cut opening into a high pressure steam softening tank, controlling softening temperature at 140 deg.C, and softening for 8 min.
(4) After a water-resistant adhesive is applied to the softened bamboo tube at the opening along the longitudinal wall thickness, the bamboo tube is immediately sleeved into an equal-diameter cylinder mold, so that the inner wall of the small end of the softened bamboo tube is completely attached to the inner shaft of the equal-diameter cylinder mold, and the outer wall of the small end is closely attached to a multi-stage controllable compression roller; and then, gradually pressing the bamboo tube by the controllable arc-shaped pressing roller outside the die from the small end of the bamboo tube until the openings of the small end and the large end of the bamboo tube are completely and tightly closed.
(5) Putting the closed bamboo tubes fixed in sections in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, the belt clamp is placed in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% to balance the moisture and the stress until the weight is constant, and then the belt clamp is taken out.
(6) And (3) taking the diameter of the outer circle of the small end of the regular round table bamboo tube column body as a reference and the center of the circle of the small end as a center, placing the regular round table on a rotary cutter, and rotary-cutting to obtain the equal-diameter bamboo tube column body.
Wherein, the cutting mode of the step (2) is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1:
(1) selecting fresh moso bamboos without mildew and rot defects, wherein the diameter of the fresh moso bamboos is 100-160 mm, and sawing the moso bamboos into bamboo tubes according to the use length; then, respectively removing the outer joint, the inner joint and the bamboo partition of the bamboo tube on an outer joint removing machine and an inner joint removing machine to ensure that the outer joint of the bamboo tube has no protrusion and is hollow inside, and the wall thickness of the small end of the bamboo tube after saw cutting is H1Wall thickness of big end is H2。
(2) Placing the pretreated bamboo tube into a high pressure steam softening tank, controlling the softening temperature at 155 deg.C, and softening for 8 min.
(3) Placing the softened bamboo tube in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, placing the band clamp in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% for moisture and stress balance, taking out the band clamp after the weight is constant, and obtaining the bamboo tube softened by high-pressure steam.
The elastic modulus, tensile strength and compressive strength of the bamboo tubes of example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were tested according to the test method for physical and mechanical properties of bamboo materials GB/T15780-1995. The results are as follows:
| test bamboo | Modulus of elasticity/GPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Compressive strength/MPa |
| Example 1 | 12.13 | 123.65 | 57.10 |
| Example 2 | 12.24 | 98.77 | 43.15 |
| Example 3 | 11.03 | 113.48 | 48.60 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12.17 | 183.50 | 66.42 |
As can be seen from the comparison between the examples 1-3 and the comparative example 1, the equal-diameter bamboo tube column with the same radius and the circular shape within the error range can be manufactured by using the scheme of the invention. Meanwhile, the bamboo tube obtained after cutting and shaping by the treatment of the invention has the advantages of small secondary damage and tight joint of the cut surface, and the structure of the finished bamboo tube column is firmer. Compared with the bamboo tube which is subjected to the same treatment except the cutting and shaping process, the elasticity modulus and the tensile and compressive strength of the bamboo tube are reduced to some extent, but the whole bamboo tube is in a controllable range and meets the requirements of manufacturing bamboo furniture, bamboo buildings, bamboo artware, guardrails, bamboo outdoor landscapes and the like.
Other embodiments of the present invention than the preferred embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications according to the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, should fall within the scope of the present invention defined in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a hollow raw bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting materials;
s2: preparing a bamboo tube;
s3: removing bamboo joints and bamboo septa;
s4: calculating and cutting;
s5: softening the bamboo tube;
s6: shaping and drying a bamboo tube column with a regular circular truncated cone: pressing and shaping the softened bamboo tube into a bamboo tube column body with a regular circular truncated cone by using a mould, and then drying;
s7: preparing an equal-diameter bamboo tube column: the bamboo tube cylinder with the regular round table is cut in a rotary mode to prepare an equal-diameter bamboo tube cylinder;
selecting materials in the step S1, namely selecting fresh bamboo materials without mildew and rot defects; preparing the bamboo tube in the step S2, namely cutting bamboo into bamboo tubes according to the use length; removing the bamboo joints and the bamboo partitions in the step S3, and polishing the inner wall and the outer wall of the bamboo tube at the outer joints and the bamboo partitions of the bamboo tube until no protrusion exists;
and S4, calculating and cutting, wherein the inner diameter of the target equal-diameter raw bamboo column body is assumed to be R (R is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the small end of the bamboo tube), and the wall thickness of the small end of the raw bamboo tube is assumed to be H1Wall thickness of big end is H2Cutting off a part along the longitudinal direction of the bamboo tube to form a cut with a left cut surface and a right cut surface, so that the arc length of the small end and the large end after cutting off is 2 pi R, and the arc length of the small end is 2 pi (R + H)1) The external arc length of the big head is 2 pi (R + H)2)。
2. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the left section is protruded outwards, the right section is sunken inwards, and the left section and the right section can be mutually involuted; the protruding height is the same as the depth t of the recess, and is 1/4-1/2 of the thickness H of the bamboo wall.
3. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S5, softening the bamboo tube, putting the bamboo tube with the cut opening into a high-pressure steam softening tank, controlling the softening temperature at 140-180 ℃ and the softening time for 5-10 min.
4. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the softening temperature of the step S5 is 145-165 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S6, shaping the regular round table bamboo tube cylinder, applying adhesive to the softened bamboo tube at the opening along the longitudinal wall thickness, immediately sleeving the equal-diameter cylinder mold into the hollow part of the bamboo tube, completely attaching the inner wall of the small end of the softened bamboo tube to the inner shaft of the equal-diameter cylinder mold, and closely attaching the outer wall of the small end to the multi-stage controllable pressing roller.
6. The method for preparing the hollow raw bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the multi-stage controllable compression roller is an arc-shaped compression roller, and gradually presses the bamboo tube from the small end of the bamboo tube along the tangential direction of the bamboo tube until the openings of the small end and the large end of the bamboo tube are completely and tightly closed.
7. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: drying the bamboo tube cylinder with the regular circular truncated cone of the step S6, fixing the closed bamboo tube in sections, and placing the bamboo tube cylinder in a natural environment for curing for 24 hours; then, the belt clamp is placed in a drying oven at 100 +/-3 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%; and then, placing the band clamp in a temperature and humidity regulating box with the ambient temperature of 20 ℃ and the ambient humidity of 95% to balance the moisture and the stress, and taking out the band clamp after the weight is constant to obtain the regular round table bamboo tube column.
8. The method for preparing the hollow bamboo equal-diameter bamboo tube column body as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S7 equal diameter bamboo tube column preparation, the concrete mode of rotary cutting is: and (3) taking the diameter of the outer circle of the small end of the regular round table bamboo tube column body as a reference and the center of the circle of the small end as a center, placing the regular round table on a rotary cutter, and rotary-cutting to obtain the equal-diameter bamboo tube column body.
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| CN1958258A (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2007-05-09 | 李真实 | Bamboo ware |
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| CN104612325B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-01-25 | 南京林业大学 | Component made of biomass materials (hollow bamboo) in double-wall circular structure, and preparation method thereof |
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