CN111971848A - 构造为允许精确温度感测的电池模块以及包括其的电池组和车辆 - Google Patents

构造为允许精确温度感测的电池模块以及包括其的电池组和车辆 Download PDF

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CN111971848A
CN111971848A CN201980024152.6A CN201980024152A CN111971848A CN 111971848 A CN111971848 A CN 111971848A CN 201980024152 A CN201980024152 A CN 201980024152A CN 111971848 A CN111971848 A CN 111971848A
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battery
fpcb
battery module
length direction
bus bar
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郑宗夏
朴焘贤
李泳昊
郭贞玟
俞在炫
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Lg Energy Solution
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LG Chem Ltd
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Abstract

公开了一种电池模块,包括:通过堆叠多个电池单元形成的电池堆;汇流条框架组件,包括构造成覆盖所述电池堆的长度方向的一端和另一端的汇流条框架、和固定在所述汇流条框架上并电连接到所述电池单元的多个汇流条;和FPCB组件,包括沿所述电池堆的长度方向延伸以覆盖所述电池堆的上表面的至少一部分的第一FPCB、从所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端延伸并电连接到所述汇流条的第二FPCB、和安装在所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端的一对温度传感器。

Description

构造为允许精确温度感测的电池模块以及包括其的电池组和 车辆
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种具有允许精确的温度感测的结构的电池模块、以及包括该电池模块的电池组和车辆,并且更具体地,涉及一种其中在电池堆的长度方向的两端安装温度传感器以在感测包括长度大于宽度的电池单元的电池堆的温度时,允许精确的温度感测的具有允许精确的温度感测的结构的电池模块、以及包括该电池模块的电池组和车辆。
本申请要求于2018年12月26日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请第10-2018-0169966号的优先权,通过引用将其全部公开内容并入于此。
背景技术
精确测量位于电池内部的电池单元的温度非常重要。特别地,有必要测量电池单元的最高温度。如果电池单元过热而超过一定温度时,则在应用该电池的电池模块或车辆中可能会出现极大地影响安全性的问题。
在应用长宽比在一定范围内的典型电池单元的电池模块中,无论在何处放置温度传感器都没有问题。然而,为了在增加电池模块的容量的同时增加车辆中的安装空间的利用率,在应用长宽比超过一定范围的长电池的电池模块的情况下,根据温度传感器沿长度方向的位置,温度偏差可能会增加。
因此,在应用长电池的电池模块的情况下,有必要将温度传感器安装在可以更精确地测量温度的位置。另外,需要提供一种将温度传感器安装为更紧密地贴附到电池堆上以进行精确的温度测量,而又尽可能不偏离现有的电池模块结构,以防止能量密度损失或由于安装温度传感器而导致电池模块的生产率下降的方案。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开内容旨在解决现有技术的问题,因此,本公开内容旨在防止电池模块的能量密度损失或生产率下降,同时允许更精确地测量电池模块中包括的电池单元的温度。
然而,本公开内容要解决的技术问题不限于以上,并且本领域技术人员将从以下描述中理解本文未提及的其他目的。
技术方案
在本公开内容的一个方面,提供了一种电池模块,包括:通过堆叠多个电池单元形成的电池堆;汇流条框架组件,包括构造成覆盖所述电池堆的长度方向的一端和另一端的汇流条框架、和固定在所述汇流条框架上并电连接到所述电池单元的多个汇流条;和FPCB组件,包括沿所述电池堆的长度方向延伸以覆盖所述电池堆的上表面的至少一部分的第一FPCB、从所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端延伸并电连接到所述汇流条的第二FPCB、和安装在所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端的一对温度传感器。
所述电池单元可以是长宽比在3到12的范围内的长电池。
所述第一FPCB可具有通过切割所述第一FPCB的一部分而形成的温度传感器放置部分。
所述温度传感器放置部分的长度方向的一端可形成为固定端,另一端可形成为自由端,并且所述温度传感器放置部分的宽度方向的两端可形成为自由端。
所述温度传感器放置部分的长度方向的两端可形成为固定端,并且所述温度传感器放置部分的宽度方向的两端可形成为自由端。
所述电池模块可进一步包括上盖,所述上盖构造为覆盖所述电池堆的上部和所述第一FPCB。
所述第一FPCB和所述第二FPCB的连接部分可通过所述汇流条框架与所述上盖之间的间隙引出。
所述电池单元可包括:电极组件;一对电极引线,连接到所述电极组件并沿着所述电池单元的长度方向在相反方向上延伸;和电池壳体,构造为容纳所述电极组件并且被密封以将所述电极引线暴露于外部。
所述一对电极引线可形成在从所述电池堆的高度方向的中心向下方偏置的位置。
所述电池模块可进一步包括连接器,所述连接器安装到所述第二FPCB并位于由于所述电极引线的偏置而形成在所述电极引线上方的空间中。
在本公开内容的另一方面,提供包括根据本公开内容的实施方式的电池模块的电池组和车辆。
有益效果
根据本公开内容的实施方式,可以在允许更精确地测量电池模块中包括的电池单元的温度的同时,防止电池模块的能量密度损失或生产率下降。
附图说明
附图示出了本公开内容的优选实施方式,并且与前述公开内容一起用于提供对本公开内容的技术特征的进一步理解,因此,本公开内容不被解释为限于附图。
图1是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的电池模块的透视图。
图2是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的电池堆的透视图。
图3是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的电池单元的平面图。
图4是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的去除了上盖的电池模块的透视图。
图5是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的FPCB组件的透视图。
图6是示出图5所示的FPCB组件的一部分的局部放大图。
图7是示出在图6所示的FPCB组件的结构中部分地修改了温度传感器放置部分的形状的图。
图8是示出图1所示的电池模块的局部放大图。
图9是示出从一侧观察的图8所示的电池模块的图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参考附图详细描述本公开内容的优选实施方式。在描述之前,应该理解的是,说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语不应被解释为限于一般含义和词典含义,而是在允许发明人适当定义术语以进行最佳解释的原则的基础上,基于与本公开内容的技术方面对应的含义和概念来解释。因此,本文提出的描述仅是出于说明目的的优选示例,而无意于限制本公开内容的范围,因此应当理解,在不脱离本公开内容的范围的情况下,可以做出其他等同替换和修改。
首先,将参考图1至图4描述根据本公开内容的实施方式的电池模块的整体构造。
图1是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的电池模块的透视图,图2是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的电池堆的透视图。另外,图3是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的电池单元的平面图,图4是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的去除了上盖的电池模块的透视图。
首先,参考图1至图4,根据本公开内容的实施方式的电池模块可以被实现为包括电池堆100、FPCB组件200、汇流条框架组件300、外部端子400和上盖500。
电池堆100包括多个电池单元110,多个电池单元110被堆叠成使它们的宽表面彼此面对。电池堆100可包括至少一个缓冲垫P,缓冲垫P介于最外侧的电池单元110处和/或在相邻的电池单元110之间。
也就是说,电池堆100可以插入到处于与FPCB组件200、汇流条框架组件300、外部端子400和上盖500耦接的状态下的单框架(未示出)中。此时,为了在确保电池堆100的最大体积的同时容易地插入电池堆100,可以另外应用由诸如海绵之类的弹性材料制成的缓冲垫P。
袋式电池单元可以用作电池单元110。参考图3,袋型电池单元110包括电极组件(未示出)、一对电极引线111和电池壳体112。
尽管未在附图中示出,但是电极组件具有如下形式:在交替地重复堆叠的正极板和负极板之间插入有隔膜,并且隔膜优选分别位于两个最外侧的侧面以进行绝缘。
正极板包括正极集流体和涂覆在正极集流体的一侧上的正极活性材料层,并且在正极板的一侧端形成未涂覆正极活性材料的正极未涂覆区域。正极未涂覆区域用作正极接片。
负极板包括负极集流体和涂覆在负极集流体的一个表面或两侧上的负极活性材料层,并且在负极板的一侧端形成未涂覆负极活性材料的负极未涂覆区域。负极未涂覆区域用作负极接片。
另外,在正极板与负极板之间插入有隔膜,以防止极性不同的电极板彼此直接接触。隔膜可由多孔材料制成,从而离子可以利用电解质作为介质而在正电极板和负电极板之间移动。
一对电极引线111分别连接到正极接片(未示出)和负极线片(未示出),并且从电池壳体112中引出。一对电极引线111分别从电池单元110的长度方向的一侧和另一侧引出。也就是说,应用于本公开内容的电池单元110对应于其中正极引线和负极引线在相反方向上引出的双向引出电池单元。
另外,一对电极引线111被定位成从电池单元110的宽度方向(图3的Z轴方向)的中心偏向一侧。具体地,一对电极引线111被定位成从电池单元110的宽度方向的中心偏向一侧,优选地沿着电池堆100的高度方向(图2的Z轴方向)向下方偏置。
如果如上所述将一对电极引线111定位成从电池单元110的宽度方向的中心偏向一侧,则可以提供用于安装(后面将说明的)连接器240(见图5)和外部端子(见图1)的空间,从而提高了电池模块的能量密度。后面将详细描述由于电极引线111偏置安装的结构而引起的能量密度增加。
电池壳体112包括两个区域,即,容纳电极组件的容纳部分和沿容纳部分的外周方向延伸的密封部分,密封部分在引出电极引线111的状态下热融以密封电池壳体112。
尽管未在图中示出,但是通过粘合和热融由多层袋膜制成的上壳体和下壳体的边缘部分来密封电池壳体112,在多层袋膜中顺序堆叠树脂层、金属层和树脂层。
在密封部分中,与位于电极引线111引出方向上的区域对应的平台部分112a具有渐缩形状,使得平台部分112a的两侧被切掉,从而其宽度沿着电极引线111的引出方向逐渐减小。如上所述,如果平台部分112a的宽度朝着电池单元110的外侧逐渐减小,则电极引线111可被设置成偏置,并且可提高电池模块的能量密度。
同时,应用于本公开内容的电池单元110是长度(L)与宽度(W)的比率为大约3或更大以及12或更小的长电池。在根据本公开内容的电池模块中,如果采用长电池型电池单元110,则可以在使电池模块的高度增加最小化的同时提高电池容量,使得易于在车辆的座椅或行李箱的下部安装电池模块。
接下来,将参考图5至图7以及图4详细描述FPCB组件200。
图5是示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的应用于电池模块的FPCB组件的透视图,图6是示出图5所示的FPCB组件的一部分的局部放大图,图7是示出在图6所示的FPCB组件的结构中部分地修改了温度传感器放置部分的形状的图。
参考图4至图7,FPCB组件200可以被实现为包括第一FPCB 210、第二FPCB 220、温度传感器230和连接器240。在本公开内容中,第一FPCB 210和第二FPCB 220被描述为彼此区分开的部件,但是第一FPCB 210和第二FPCB 220可以是单个集成柔性印刷电路板(FPCB)。也就是说,第一FPCB 210和第二FPCB 220仅仅是根据它们的设置位置来区分的元件。
第一FPCB 210沿着电池堆100的长度方向(图4和图5的Y轴方向)延伸以覆盖电池堆100的上表面的至少一部分。第一FPCB 210的长度方向的两端被设置有通过切割第一FPCB 210的一部分而形成的温度传感器放置部分211。
温度传感器230安装到温度传感器放置部分211的上表面,从而将温度传感器230安装在与电池堆100的长度方向(图4的Y轴)的两端对应的位置。另外,温度传感器放置部分211位于电池堆100的宽度方向(图4的X轴)的中心。因此,温度传感器230安装在与电池堆100的宽度方向的中心对应的位置。
选择形成温度传感器放置部分211的位置以感测电池堆100中温度最高的部分的温度。FPCB组件200可连接到可以控制电池模块的充电和放电的控制装置,例如电池管理系统(BMS)。如果电池模块的温度升高到参考值以上,则为了确保电池模块的使用安全性,优选在温度最高的位置处测量温度以控制充电和放电。
因此,在电池堆100的长度方向(图4的Y轴方向)上,最靠近电极引线111的长度方向的两端成为最佳位置,在电池堆100的宽度方向上(图4的X轴方向),最难散热的中心成为最佳位置。
如图6所示,通过切割第一FPCB 210的一部分而形成温度传感器放置部分211,并且温度传感器放置部分211的长度方向的一端形成为固定端,另一端形成为自由端。另外,温度传感器放置部分211的宽度方向的两端通过切割形成为自由端。
这样,尽管FPCB具有一定程度的刚性的特性,温度传感器放置部分211仍可以自由地上下移动。因此,安装到温度传感器放置部分211的温度传感器230通过温度传感器放置部分211间接地贴附到电池堆100,从而精确地测量电池堆100的温度。
同时,参考图7,通过切割,温度传感器放置部分211的宽度方向的两端可以形成为自由端,并且温度传感器放置部分211的长度方向的两端可以形成为固定端。如果如上所述将温度传感器放置部分211的长度方向的两端形成为固定端,则与如图6所示仅将长度方向的一端形成为固定端的情况相比,可以降低诸如温度传感器放置部分211撕裂等损坏的风险。
接下来,将参考图8和图9以及图5详细描述应用于本公开内容的第二FPCB 220和连接器240。
图8是示出图1所示的电池模块的局部放大图,图9是示出从一侧观察的图8所示的电池模块的图。
参考图8和图9以及图5,第二FPCB 220成对设置,并且第二FPCB 220从第一FPCB210的长度方向的两端延伸并且分别电连接到汇流条320,这将在后面说明。也就是说,第二FPCB 220具有在多个分支端处形成的多个连接端子221,并且多个连接端子221连接到多个汇流条320,这将在后面说明。
同时,连接器240安装在第二FPCB 220上,并且连接器240通过第二FPCB220电连接到连接端子221。如上所述,诸如BMS的控制装置(未示出)连接到连接器240,并且该控制装置接收通过汇流条320和连接端子221测量的关于电池单元110的电压的信息、通过温度传感器230测量的关于电池堆100的温度的信息等,并参考该信息来控制电池模块的充电和放电。
同时,如图8所示,安装在第二FPCB 220上的连接器240面对电池堆100的前表面(与图8和图9的X-Z平面平行的表面),但是安装在由于电极引线111的偏置而形成在电极引线111上方的空间中。也就是说,连接器240被安装为面对电池堆100的前表面的上部。
这样,连接器240安装在由于电极引线111偏置安装的结构而提供的空间中,这使得由安装连接器240导致的电池模块的整体体积增加最小化,从而提高了能量密度。
随后,将参考图8详细描述应用于本公开内容的汇流条框架组件300和外部端子400。
参考图8,汇流条框架组件300可被实现为包括汇流条框架310和多个汇流条320,汇流条框架310构造成覆盖电池堆100的长度方向的一端和另一端,多个汇流条320固定在汇流条框架310上并电连接到电池单元110。
汇流条框架310例如可以由诸如树脂之类的绝缘材料制成,并且包括汇流条放置部分311,汇流条放置部分311形成为在对应于电池单元110的电极引线111的位置处突出。与电极引线111类似,汇流条放置部分311形成在从电池堆100的高度方向(图8的Z轴方向)的中心向下方偏置的位置。与电极引线111的偏置类似,汇流条放置部分311的偏置是为了确保用于安装各部件的空间。
汇流条放置部分311在与电极引线111对应的位置处形成有多个引线狭缝S。通过引线狭缝S,将电极引线111从汇流条框架组件300中引出,并且引出的电极引线111弯曲并通过焊接等固定在汇流条320上。
外部端子400成对设置,并且外部端子400分别与位于电池堆100的宽度方向(图8的X轴方向)的两侧的外侧处的汇流条320连接。
类似于上述连接器240,外部端子400位于由于电极引线111的偏置而形成在电极引线111和汇流条放置部分311上方的空间中。形成外部端子400的位置可以最小化由于安装外部端子400而增加的电池模块的体积,这是因为它利用了由于偏置安装电极引线111而形成的空间。
接下来,将参考图1和图8描述上盖500。
参考图1和图8,上盖500对应于覆盖电池堆100的上表面(与图1和图8的X-Y平面平行的表面)和第一FPCB 210的部件。上盖500分别铰接至一对汇流条框架310,并且在与第一FPCB 210和第二FPCB 220的连接部分对应的位置处形成有间隙,使得第一FPCB 210和第二FPCB 220的连接部分通过该间隙从上盖500引出。
如上所述,在根据本公开内容的电池模块中,长电池被用作电池堆100中包括的每个电池单元110,因此,温度偏差趋于沿着电池堆100的长度方向变大。
在根据本公开内容的电池模块中,考虑到温度偏差,温度传感器230安装在电池堆100的长度方向的两端以允许有效的温度感测。另外,在根据本公开内容的电池模块中,提供通过切割第一FPCB 210的一部分而形成的温度传感器放置部分211,使得温度传感器230被放置在温度传感器放置部分211上,从而使温度传感器230与电池堆100之间的紧密性最大化。
此外,在根据本公开内容的电池模块中,利用由于电极引线111的偏置而形成在电极引线111上方的空间来安装连接器240和外部端子400,从而使由于各部件安装导致的电池模块的体积增加最小化,因此提高了能量密度。
已经详细描述了本公开内容。然而,应当理解,详细描述和特定示例虽然指示了本公开内容的优选实施方式,但是仅以说明的方式给出,因为在本公开内容的范围内的各种改变和修改对于本领域技术人员而言从该详细描述将是显而易见的。

Claims (12)

1.一种电池模块,包括:
通过堆叠多个电池单元形成的电池堆;
汇流条框架组件,包括构造成覆盖所述电池堆的长度方向的一端和另一端的汇流条框架、和固定在所述汇流条框架上并电连接到所述电池单元的多个汇流条;和
FPCB组件,包括沿所述电池堆的长度方向延伸以覆盖所述电池堆的上表面的至少一部分的第一FPCB、从所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端延伸并电连接到所述汇流条的第二FPCB、和安装在所述第一FPCB的长度方向的两端的一对温度传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,
其中所述电池单元的长宽比在3到12的范围内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池模块,
其中所述第一FPCB具有通过切割所述第一FPCB的一部分形成的温度传感器放置部分。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池模块,
其中所述温度传感器放置部分的长度方向的一端形成为固定端,另一端形成为自由端,所述温度传感器放置部分的宽度方向的两端形成为自由端。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电池模块,
其中所述温度传感器放置部分的长度方向的两端形成为固定端,并且所述温度传感器放置部分的宽度方向的两端形成为自由端。
6.根据权利要求3所述的电池模块,进一步包括:
构造为覆盖所述电池堆的上部和所述第一FPCB的上盖。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电池模块,
其中所述第一FPCB和所述第二FPCB的连接部分通过所述汇流条框架与所述上盖之间的间隙引出。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,
其中所述电池单元包括:
电极组件;
一对电极引线,连接到所述电极组件并沿着所述电池单元的长度方向在相反方向上延伸;和
电池壳体,构造为容纳所述电极组件并且被密封以将所述电极引线暴露于外部。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电池模块,
其中所述一对电极引线形成在从所述电池堆的高度方向的中心向下方偏置的位置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电池模块,进一步包括:
连接器,安装到所述第二FPCB并位于由于所述电极引线的偏置而形成在所述电极引线上方的空间中。
11.一种电池组,包括根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电池模块。
12.一种车辆,包括根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电池模块。
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