CN111970031A - Meter reading method based on broadband carrier communication network - Google Patents
Meter reading method based on broadband carrier communication network Download PDFInfo
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- CN111970031A CN111970031A CN202010735485.4A CN202010735485A CN111970031A CN 111970031 A CN111970031 A CN 111970031A CN 202010735485 A CN202010735485 A CN 202010735485A CN 111970031 A CN111970031 A CN 111970031A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/544—Setting up communications; Call and signalling arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/02—Hybrid access techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using carrier sensing, e.g. as in CSMA
Abstract
A meter reading method based on a broadband carrier communication network is characterized in that in the signaling content of a beacon signal, the content of a defined time slot distribution information field comprises meter reading service TDMA time slot distribution information, and non-central beacon information in the time slot distribution information field is used for indicating the short address and the beacon time slot type of a node correspondingly distributed by the non-central beacon time slot; when meter reading service is executed, the CCO arranges TDMA time slots for each node one by one, and in the time period of a TDMA time slot area, when any node in the network generates the sending requirement of a meter reading service related message of the kth node, a signal can be sent immediately; in the time slot of the CSMA time slot area, the nodes which have the transmission requirement of the meter reading business related messages compete to transmit signals according to the CSMA signal access mode. The invention adjusts the channel access mode of the meter reading signal from a pure CSMA competition mechanism to a TDMA + CSMA mixed mechanism, thereby improving the comprehensive meter reading performance of the network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of broadband carrier communication, and particularly relates to a meter reading method of a broadband carrier communication network.
Background
The power utilization information acquisition system based on the intelligent electric meter is an important component of high-efficiency operation of a power supply network by taking a platform area as a basic unit. As two main power grid operation enterprises in china, a power grid company in china (called a national grid for short) and a power grid company in south china (called a south grid for short), the development of a new generation of low-voltage power line carrier communication technology is greatly promoted in nearly ten years. The national network and the south network successively release communication standards aiming at a low-voltage power line broadband high-speed carrier technology in 2017, the file names are respectively technical specifications of interconnection and intercommunication of low-voltage power line high-speed carrier communication and technical requirements of broadband carrier communication of a low-voltage power user centralized meter reading system, the standards carry out detailed protocol regulations on a service layer, a data link layer and a physical layer, and a foundation is laid for large-scale production and application of related communication equipment. The two standards are participated and formulated by the same equipment manufacturer in China, so the design ideas and the frames of the two standards are basically the same, and only small differences exist on small details so as to be convenient for distinguishing.
Compared with the traditional narrow-band carrier communication, the physical layer speed of the new generation carrier communication module is increased to the Mbps level from dozens of kbps, the overall communication capacity of the automatic meter reading system is obviously improved, and key performance indexes such as networking time, meter reading time and the like are obviously improved. However, as a first generation communication protocol, a scheme on a link layer adopts a relatively general design concept, and a special optimization design is not performed for the transmission characteristics of the network meter reading service, so that the utilization efficiency of the protocol on the broadband transmission capability of a physical layer is low, and the network meter reading performance cannot achieve the expected effect.
Related products developed and produced according to the existing communication protocols of national and south networks are sold and deployed in a large amount in power grid companies of various provinces nationwide, and the large modification of the communication protocols means that a large amount of laboratory and field networking tests need to be carried out on communication equipment again, so that large technical risks and market risks exist. Therefore, how to improve the comprehensive communication performance of the network under the existing standard protocol framework is a very challenging technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a meter reading method based on a broadband carrier communication network, which improves the network meter reading performance by improving the channel access mode of meter reading service under the existing standard protocol framework.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a meter reading method based on a broadband carrier communication network,
in the signaling content of the beacon signal, the content defining the time slot allocation information field includes meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation information, the content of the meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation information includes the number of allocation time slots and arrangement information of time slots 1-K, the arrangement information of the time slot K includes the short address of the allocation node of the kth time slot and the time length of the kth time slot, K is 1,2, …, K represents the total number of TDMA time slots for meter reading service transmission arranged in the superframe, and K is not arranged in time slots when K is 0;
the non-central beacon information in the slot assignment message field is defined as: the system comprises a central beacon time slot, a short address and a beacon time slot type used for indicating nodes correspondingly distributed to a non-central beacon time slot, and distribution information of agent beacon time slots and distribution information of discovery beacon time slots, wherein the distribution information of the agent beacon time slots comprises short addresses and beacon types of Y nodes correspondingly distributed to 1-Y agent beacon time slots, the distribution information of the discovery beacon time slots comprises the short address and beacon type of the node correspondingly distributed to the 1 st discovery beacon time slot and the short address and beacon type of the node correspondingly distributed to the last 1 discovery beacon time slot, and Y is the number of the agent beacon time slots;
when meter reading service is executed, at the starting position of a superframe, the CCO sends signals by the following method:
s1, CCO arranges TDMA time slot for K nodes one by one, for the kth node, CCO arranges TDMA time slot with length T for the kth node, and in the time slot of the TDMA time slot area, any node in the network which generates the sending requirement of the meter reading service related message of the kth node can send signal in the own TDMA time slot;
and S2, in the time slot of the CSMA time slot area, the nodes with the transmission requirements of the meter reading service related messages compete to transmit signals according to the CSMA message access mode.
Further, the message related to the meter reading service of the kth node indicates that a generation source node or a final destination node of the message is the kth node, and the message includes a downlink meter reading message or an uplink meter reading message or a reception confirmation message.
Further, in step S1, the length T of the TDMA time slot of the kth node is determined as follows:
if the CCO is the 1 st time of reading the node, T is 3 multiplied by h multiplied by T, wherein h is the hop count between the kth node and the CCO, and T is the average time for completing the 1-time signal transmission;
if the CCO is not the first time of reading the meter of the node, then:
if the length of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service set by the CCO for the meter reading task is T0 in the superframe, when the CCO receives an uplink meter reading message from the kth node before 2T0/3 of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service, the TDMA time slot length of the node is set to be T milliseconds less than the last TDMA time slot length of the node; if the CCO does not receive the uplink meter reading message from the kth node when the TDMA time slot of the meter reading service is ended, setting the TDAM time slot length of the node to be t milliseconds more than the last TDMA time slot length of the node, and keeping the TDAM time slot length of the node consistent with the last TDMA time slot length of the node under other conditions except the two conditions.
Further, in the meter reading process, the CCO selects the found beacon node by the following method:
step a, when CCO is the short address distribution of the network access node, the addresses in the short address pool are distributed to the network access node from small to large in sequence according to the sequence of the network access time of the node;
step b, setting a sending period of the discovery beacon;
c, the CCO sorts the nodes in the slave station set from small to large based on the short address size to obtain a transmission queue, the first Z nodes are arranged in the transmission queue to transmit beacon signals, and then the Z nodes are deleted from a transmission pairing column, wherein Z is T0 ÷ T _ D × N, T0 is the time length of the superframe, T _ D is a discovery beacon transmission period, and N is the number of the nodes contained in the slave station set;
and repeating the steps a to c until the number of the nodes in the sending queue is zero.
Further, the node allocated to the 1 st discovery beacon slot in the allocation information of the discovery beacon slot refers to the short address value of the first node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue arranged in the superframe, and the node allocated to the last 1 discovery beacon slot refers to the short address value of the last node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue arranged in the superframe.
Further, if a node is off-network in the network operation process, the CCO recovers the address of the off-network node and allocates the address to a new network-accessing node.
Further, if Z is a non-integer, rounding up.
Further, after the number of nodes in the transmission queue is zero, the transmission queue is generated again based on the set of slave stations, and then the transmission of the beacon signal is scheduled again by using the same scheduling mechanism.
Further, if a new node joins the slave station set in 1 discovery beacon transmission period, the new node is not scheduled to transmit a discovery beacon signal in the remaining time of the discovery beacon transmission period, and the new node is scheduled to transmit the discovery beacon signal after the next discovery beacon transmission period comes.
According to the technical scheme, the method adds a new TDMA channel access mode to the transmission process of meter reading service data by improving the signaling content of the beacon signals under the existing protocol frame and system, so that the channel access mode of the service is improved from the original pure CSMA competition access mode to a TDMA + CSMA mixed channel access mode, and the meter reading comprehensive performance of the whole network is improved. In a more specific technical scheme, corresponding to the increase of the length of the signaling content brought by the newly added channel access mode, the definition mode of finding the beacon time slot distribution information in the beacon signaling is improved, the original time slot-by-time slot definition mode is modified into a segmented batch definition mode, under the condition of carrying the same information content, the efficiency of the signaling for bearing the information is greatly improved, and the signaling length of the part is reduced to 4 bytes.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tree network topology of a broadband high-speed carrier communication network of a power consumption information acquisition system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a superframe timeslot structure in "technical Specification for interconnection and interworking of Low Voltage Power line high speed Carrier communication";
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating content definition of non-central beacon information in a conventional protocol;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a superframe timeslot structure of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the content definition of non-central beacon information according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signal interaction process of a meter reading service;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transmission path between the CCO and node k;
fig. 8 is a diagram of a superframe slot structure in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a broadband high-speed carrier communication network of a power consumption information collection system generally forms a multi-level association tree network that connects all Slave Stations (STAs) with a Central Coordinator (CCO) as a center and a Proxy Coordinator (PCO) as a relay agent. The CCO operates as a central control node for network communications using a beacon period based superframe slot structure, while maintaining synchronization and orderly operation of the entire network using beacon signals. In the technical specification of interconnection and interworking of low-voltage power line high-speed carrier communication of the national network, the time slot division of the superframe is shown in fig. 2, and one beacon period includes 4 types of time slots, which are respectively: a beacon slot region, a TDMA slot region, a CSMA slot region, and a bonded CSMA slot region. Similar structures are adopted for the time slot division of the superframe in the technical requirement of broadband carrier communication of the low-voltage power user centralized meter reading system of the south network, and only 4 time slots are sequenced differently and sequentially comprise a beacon time slot area, a CSMA time slot area, a TDMA time slot area and a binding CSMA time slot area.
The CCO achieves synchronized ordered management of the entire network slot structure by using beacon signals, of which there are 3 types: central beacons, proxy beacons, and discovery beacons. At the starting time position of each beacon period, the CCO starts to transmit a central beacon signal, and the signal signaling content of the CCO carries the timeslot parameter information of the beacon period and some other network management information. The time slot parameter information mainly comprises the time length of the beacon time slot, the number (X, Y and Z values) of the three types of beacon time slots, network short addresses (TEI) of Y + Z sending nodes corresponding to Y proxy beacon time slots and Z discovery beacon time slots one by one, and related parameters of a CSMA time slot area and a binding CSMA time slot area.
After one node in the network receives a beacon signal sent by another node, if it is found through signaling content analysis that the node is one of the Y + Z sending nodes and the beacon time slot allocated by the node is not yet available on the time axis, the node relays and sends an agent beacon signal or a discovery beacon signal on the time slot belonging to the node after the time of the beacon time slot is reached. Based on the mechanism and the selection of a proper proxy relay node, the CCO can utilize the first X + Y beacon time slots to realize the downlink whole-network broadcast transmission of own beacon signaling information in one beacon period, and the coverage range includes the nodes which are accessed to the whole network. The CCO may also flexibly arrange a certain number of slave stations to transmit discovery beacon signals in each superframe according to the network actual conditions, and the purpose of the CCO is to guide those non-network-accessing nodes which cannot receive the central beacon signal and the proxy beacon signal to join the network through the reception of the signals. Although the protocol does not explicitly specify the period for transmitting discovery beacon signals from a station, the CCO may default to scheduling the periodic transmission of discovery beacon signals from a station in the network, typically 1 minute, taking into account the network access time requirements of non-networked nodes.
The national network standard and the south network standard define the load field of the beacon signal, and the specific definition is shown in table 1 (in two protocols, the load part of the beacon signal is defined as an encoding module which can only adopt 136 bytes or 520 bytes), the definition of the beacon management information in the load field is shown in table 2, the definition of the management information type in the beacon management information is shown in table 3, the definition of the time slot allocation message in the management information type by the national network is shown in table 4, and the definition of the time slot allocation message in the management information type by the south network is shown in table 5.
TABLE 1 definition of Beacon Signal payload field
Table 2 field definitions for beacon management messages
Table 3 type definition and content description of management messages
Table 4 definition of the contents of the slot assignment message field (national network)
Table 5 content definition of timeslot assignment message field (south network)
As can be seen from table 3, the length of the content of the timeslot assignment message is a dynamic value, and the length is also the signaling content with the largest content length in the payload field. As can be seen from comparing table 4 and table 5, the national network and the south network are designed in the same way on the timeslot assignment message, but there are some differences in the details of the order and the length of some signaling fields.
According to the existing protocol for non-central beacon information, although the network supports the channel access mode of the TDMA, the service application range is strictly limited, and the CCO sets the TDMA time slot length to be a non-zero value only when the network carries out software upgrading, so that the CCO and the proxy node are arranged to use the TDMA time slot to transmit upgrading sub-packet data. In other cases, the TDMA slot length is 0, so all other types of signals in the network except the beacon signal can only be sent on the CSMA slot region in random contention. Meanwhile, according to the specification of the protocol, the length of the 'non-central beacon information' field is a dynamic value (2Y +2Z bytes), and the information carried by the field is used for indicating the allocation information of Y + Z non-central beacon time slots, as shown in fig. 3, the content of the 'non-central beacon information' includes the short address of the allocation node of the time slot and the beacon type of the time slot.
The channel access method of the protocols in the two standards has the following problems:
1. when the upgrading is not carried out, all non-beacon signals in the network are transmitted in a CSMA time slot region in a competition mode, theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the network throughput of the CSMA free competition type channel access protocol based on the channel monitoring and random back-off mechanism is lower under the condition that the number of network nodes is large and the service load is heavy due to the restriction of factors such as hidden terminal effect and exposed terminal effect in a multi-hop network. A hidden terminal is a node that is within the coverage of a receiving node but outside the coverage of a transmitting node, and may transmit packets to the same receiving node without hearing the transmission of the transmitting node, resulting in packet collisions at the receiving node. An exposed terminal is a node that is within the coverage of the transmitting node but outside the coverage of the receiving node, and may delay transmission by hearing the transmission of the transmitting node, but is actually outside the communication range of the receiving node, and its transmission does not cause collisions. This introduces unnecessary time delay.
2. The information bearing efficiency of a one-by-one time slot definition mode in a 'non-central beacon information' field of the existing protocol is too poor, so that when the scale of a network node is large, the signaling length of a 136-byte coding module is insufficient, the node is forced to use a 520-byte coding module, the overhead of a beacon signal is obviously increased, and even the problem that the length of the signaling content exceeds the length upper limit of the coding module can occur.
Based on the above analysis, in the present invention, under the protocol framework of the current standard, the definition of the 'non-central beacon information' in the slot allocation message field is modified in the signaling content of the beacon signal, and the 'meter reading service TDMA slot allocation message' is added in the slot allocation message field, that is, the content of the 'non-central beacon information' field includes the content of the 'meter reading service TDMA slot allocation message', so as to increase the service support capability of the TDMA slot area, incorporate the meter reading service into the support object, and enable the network node to flexibly select the TMDA or CSMA mode as required to perform the transmission of the meter reading service related signals. Meanwhile, the signaling definition for describing Z pieces of discovery beacon sending node information one by one in the distribution information of the discovery beacon time slots in the 'non-central beacon information' field is changed into a segmented batch definition mode, and the signaling length is compressed to 2 x 2 bytes from 2 x Z bytes, so that the information bearing efficiency of the part is improved.
In the invention, a 'meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation message' field is added in the time slot allocation message field, so that the TDMA time slot comprises a TDMA time slot area of meter reading service (as shown in figure 4) in addition to a TDMA time slot area of upgrading service. As shown in table 6, the content of the 'meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation message' field includes the number of allocated time slots and the arrangement information of time slots 1 to K, where the arrangement information of time slot K includes the short address of the allocated node of the kth time slot and the time length of the kth time slot, K is 1,2, …, K, where K denotes the total number of TDMA time slots arranged for meter reading service transmission in the superframe, and when K is 0, no time slot is arranged. The total number K of the TDMA time slots for meter reading service transmission arranged in the superframe corresponds to the number of nodes corresponding to the meter reading service, namely, K nodes needing meter reading correspond to K TDMA time slots in the superframe.
TABLE 6 content definition of TDMA time slot allocation message field for meter reading service
As shown in fig. 5, the content of 'non-central beacon information' in the slot allocation message field of the present invention is defined as: the short address and beacon time slot type used for indicating Y + Z distributed nodes corresponding to Y + Z non-central beacon time slots comprises distribution information of proxy beacon time slots and distribution information of discovery beacon time slots, the total signaling length is (Y multiplied by 16+32) bit, the distribution information of the proxy beacon time slots comprises the short address and beacon type of Y nodes distributed corresponding to 1-Y proxy beacon time slots, and the distribution information of the discovery beacon time slots comprises the short address and beacon type of the node distributed corresponding to the 1 st discovery beacon time slot and the short address and beacon type of the node distributed corresponding to the last 1 discovery beacon time slot.
The meter reading service is a unique service requirement of the smart meter communication network, and as shown in fig. 6, the flow of the meter reading service is as follows: the central coordinator sends a downlink meter reading message to an object to be meter read, and the message content indicates the relevant parameters of the business data of the meter reading; after receiving the downlink meter reading message, the meter reading object reports a corresponding uplink meter reading message to the central coordinator according to the content requirement; after receiving the uplink meter reading message of a certain node, the central coordinator sends a receiving confirmation message to the node. The meter reading service may be triggered periodically or temporarily by the user in the management process.
Based on the definition of the time slot distribution message field in the signaling content of the beacon signal, when meter reading service is executed, at the initial position of a superframe, CCO has meter reading requirement on K nodes in the network, and the CCO adopts the following method to send signals:
s1, CCO arranges a TDMA time slot for each node one by one, specially used for the transmission of the signal related to the meter reading service, for the kth node (K is 1,2, …, K), CCO arranges a TDMA time slot with length T for the kth node according to the routing hop number of the node and the data volume of the meter reading service, in the time slot of the TDMA time slot area, when any node (including CCO and other network-accessing nodes) in the network generates the sending requirement of the message related to the meter reading service of the kth node, the signal is sent in the TDMA time slot belonging to the node immediately without monitoring the channel; the relevant message of the meter reading service refers to a downlink meter reading message or an uplink meter reading message, or a receiving confirmation message;
and S2, in the time slot of the CSMA time slot area, the nodes with the transmission requirements of the meter reading service related messages compete to transmit signals according to the CSMA message access mode, namely the transmission mechanism of the CSMA time slot area is unchanged.
Through the signal transmission method, the channel access mode of the signals is adjusted from the original pure CSMA competition mechanism to a TDMA + CSMA mixed mechanism.
The length of the time slot arranged for different nodes in the network can be different, and the basic principle of setting the TDMA time slot of each node is that the length of the time slot arranged for the node with the larger hop number from the CCO is larger. More specifically, when a CCO schedules a TDMA time slot for a node, the length T of the TDMA time slot of the node is determined as follows: for the k-th node, the node is,
if the CCO is to perform meter reading on the node for the 1 st time, the TDMA timeslot length T arranged for the node is 3 × h × T, where h is the hop count between the kth node and the CCO, that is, the hop count between the kth node and the CCO is h hop, and it can be known from the signal interaction flow of the meter reading service that the network needs to perform 3 × h signal interactions when completing meter reading of the 1 h-hop node, T is the average time for completing signal transmission for 1 time, and the value of T is set as an empirical value, which can be set in combination with the physical layer communication capability of the broadband carrier and the typical data volume of the meter reading service, for example, T can be set as 8 milliseconds;
if the CCO does not meter the node for the first time, the TDMA time slot length arranged for the meter reading at this time is adjusted according to the meter reading effect of the TDMA time slot arranged for the node for the last time, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
if in the superframe, the length of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service set by the CCO for the meter reading task is T0 (milliseconds), when the CCO receives an uplink meter reading message from the kth node before 2T0/3 of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service, the TDMA time slot length of the node is set to be T milliseconds less than the last TDMA time slot length of the node, for example, when the CCO reads the kth node at the 2 nd time, the TDMA time slot length arranged for the node is T2, when the CCO receives the uplink meter reading message from the kth node before 2T0/3 of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service, the TDMA time slot length T3 arranged for the node is T2-T when the CCO reads the kth node at the 3 rd time; if the CCO does not receive the uplink meter reading message from the kth node at the end of the set TDMA time slot of the meter reading service, setting the TDAM time slot length of the node to be t milliseconds more than the last TDMA time slot length of the node, and keeping the TDAM time slot length of the node consistent with the last TDMA time slot length of the node under other conditions except the two conditions.
According to the setting mechanism of the TDNMA time slot length of the nodes, when the CCO arranges the TDMA time slot of the meter reading service for a certain node, the 1 st initial value is generated based on the hop count and the average transmission time of each hop, and then the TDMA time slot length of the meter reading is properly reduced and increased according to the last meter reading effect, so that the uncertainty of the multi-hop link transmission process can be more flexibly adapted, and the special time slot resource of the meter reading service with proper length is arranged for each node. The mechanism also has stronger robustness, namely if the TDMA time slot of the kth node can not completely complete the transmission of the meter reading service related message of the node, the related nodes on the path can still continue to complete the transmission of the residual signals on the CSMA time slot area in a competitive access mode, thereby providing a mixed type channel access mechanism taking TDMA as a main part and CSMA as an auxiliary part for the meter reading service message.
The discovery beacon is used for guiding non-network-accessing nodes which cannot receive the central beacon signal and the proxy beacon signal to join the network through the reception of the signals, so that a certain number of slave stations are arranged to transmit the discovery beacon signals according to the requirement in each superframe. As can be seen from fig. 3, according to the existing protocol, each time a node is scheduled to transmit a discovery beacon signal, the CCO needs to occupy a signaling length of 2 bytes (K nodes add a signaling content of 2K bytes), and the purpose of periodically scheduling the node to transmit the discovery beacon signal by the CCO is to direct the non-networked node to access the network, so that the node is selected without considering the order problem as long as the requirement of periodic transmission is met.
Based on the definition of the time slot allocation message field ('non-central beacon information') in the signaling content of the beacon signal, during meter reading, the CCO selects to discover the beacon node by adopting the following method:
step a, allocating short addresses, wherein when CCO allocates the short addresses of the network access nodes, addresses in a short address pool are sequentially allocated to the network access nodes from small to large according to the sequence of the network access time of the nodes; preferably, if a node is off-network in the network operation process, the CCO withdraws the address of the off-network node and allocates the address to a new network-accessing node, so as to avoid an unallocated free address between the minimum short address and the maximum short address of the network-accessing node as much as possible;
step b, setting a discovery beacon sending period, wherein the CCO sets one discovery beacon sending period as T _ D seconds, and sends a discovery beacon signal from each node in the station set S within each T _ D second; the value of a beacon sending period can be set by a CCO manufacturer autonomously, and a slave site set S comprises N nodes;
step c, signal transmission, the CCO sorts the nodes in the slave station set S from small to large based on the short address size, and after the sorting, a transmission queue Q is obtained, and the nodes of corresponding number are arranged to transmit beacon signals according to the superframe time and the transmission period of the discovery beacon, that is: arranging the first Z nodes in the transmission queue Q to transmit beacon signals, and then deleting the Z nodes from the transmission queue Q; z is T0 ÷ T _ D × N, T0 is the time length of the superframe, T _ D is a beacon transmission period, and if Z is a non-integer, the upward evidence is obtained;
and repeating the steps a to c until the number of nodes in the transmission queue Q is zero, when the number of nodes in the transmission queue Q is zero, generating the transmission queue Q again based on the slave station set S, and then scheduling the transmission of the beacon signals again by adopting the same scheduling mechanism.
More specifically, if a new node joins the slave station set S in 1 discovery beacon transmission period, the node is not scheduled to transmit a discovery beacon signal for the remaining time of the discovery beacon transmission period, but is scheduled to start after the next discovery beacon transmission period comes, that is, the new node joins the slave station set S.
In the allocation information of the discovery beacon time slot, the node allocated correspondingly to the 1 st discovery beacon time slot refers to the short address value of the first node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue Q arranged in the superframe, and the node allocated correspondingly to the last 1 discovery beacon time slot refers to the short address value of the last node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue Q arranged in the superframe.
Based on the above sending mechanism of the beacon signal, when the node receiving the beacon signal analyzes the signaling content, the receiving node needs to analyze the specific short address and time slot arrangement order of the Z nodes, and the analyzing logic of the signaling content is as follows: let the 1 st node be R1, and the last 1 node be R2, then the short address set of the nodes sending discovery beacons arranged in this superframe is { [ R1, R2] } -P, { [ R1, R2] } represents the node set whose short address falls within the interval [ R1, R2], P represents the proxy beacon node set, and symbol-represents the set difference set, so { [ R1, R2] } -P represents the node set whose short address falls within the interval [ R1, R2] excluding the remaining node set after the node of the set P. For example, if R1 is 2, R2 is 4, and P is {3,5}, then { [ R1, R2] } -P is {2,3, 4} - {3,5} is {2,4 }.
It can be seen from the above description that the definition method of the discovery beacon time slot allocation information of the present invention can ensure that, no matter how large the scale of the network node is, on the premise of meeting the original standard requirement, that is, the CCO needs to arrange that each slave node in the network periodically transmits the discovery beacon signal, and through this efficient segmented batch definition method, the signaling length of the discovery beacon time slot allocation information field is reduced from the original 2 × Z byte to 2 × 2 ═ 4 bytes, so that the efficiency of signaling bearer information is greatly improved, and the problem of increased signaling content caused by the TDMA access method for meter reading service introduced by a new protocol is better dealt with.
The meter reading method of the present invention is described below by a specific example:
assuming that a transmission path between the CCO and a certain node K is shown in fig. 7, when the CCO needs to perform meter reading on the node K, 1 TDMA time slot with the length of T is arranged for the node K, and without loss of generality, K is set to 1, that is, when the CCO initiates a superframe, it only needs to perform meter reading on the node K, and the superframe time slot structure is shown in fig. 8.
At the initial position of the TDMA time slot of the node k, the CCO sends a downlink meter reading message with the final destination node being the node k to the node R, so that a signal is sent immediately according to the definition rule of a time slot distribution message field; after receiving the message, the node R also immediately relays and sends the message to the node k; after receiving the downlink meter reading message, the node k prepares related data according to the message content requirement, and sends the uplink meter reading message with the source node being the node k to the node R; after receiving the message, the node R also sends the uplink meter reading message to the CCO relay; after receiving the message, the CCO sends a receiving confirmation message with the final destination node being the node k to the node R; after receiving the message, the node R continues to relay and send the message to the node k. After receiving the receiving confirmation message, the node k learns that the data of the node k is successfully reported to the CCO, and the meter reading process aiming at the node k is completely finished.
Based on the signal interaction process of the meter reading service, the related process has strict time sequence on a time axis and only one node has a transmission requirement at any time point, so that any node on a path can immediately transmit signals without channel monitoring as long as the related signal transmission requirement of the meter reading service related to the node k exists, no signal collision risk exists, necessary signal receiving and transmitting and reaction time delay are eliminated, no time idle area exists in the interaction process of the signals, and the highest efficiency utilization of a TDMA time slot can be realized.
For the method of the present invention to arrange the discovery beacon slot, it is assumed that there are 400 nodes in a running network, of which 1 node is CCO, 99 nodes are proxy nodes, and the remaining 300 nodes are STA nodes (slave node nodes), and assuming that the period T _ D for each STA node to transmit the discovery beacon signal is 60 seconds, and the time length T0 of each superframe is set to 10 seconds, then 10 ÷ 60 × 300 ═ 50 nodes need to be arranged on average in each superframe to transmit the discovery beacon signal.
Based on the above parameters, if the existing protocol is used to define the discovery beacon slot scheduling information, the length of the related signaling content is 50 × 2 ═ 100 bytes; if the definition mode of the method of the invention is used, the length of the related signaling content is 2 × 2-4 nodes, obviously, the new definition obviously improves the information bearing efficiency of the signaling, and the saved signaling space can be used for the use of the TDMA channel access mode supporting meter reading service.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A meter reading method based on a broadband carrier communication network is characterized in that:
in the signaling content of the beacon signal, the content defining the time slot allocation information field includes meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation information, the content of the meter reading service TDMA time slot allocation information includes the number of allocation time slots and arrangement information of time slots 1-K, the arrangement information of the time slot K includes the short address of the allocation node of the kth time slot and the time length of the kth time slot, K is 1,2, …, K represents the total number of TDMA time slots for meter reading service transmission arranged in the superframe, and K is not arranged in time slots when K is 0;
the non-central beacon information in the slot assignment message field is defined as: the system comprises a central beacon time slot, a short address and a beacon time slot type used for indicating nodes correspondingly distributed to a non-central beacon time slot, and distribution information of agent beacon time slots and distribution information of discovery beacon time slots, wherein the distribution information of the agent beacon time slots comprises short addresses and beacon types of Y nodes correspondingly distributed to 1-Y agent beacon time slots, the distribution information of the discovery beacon time slots comprises the short address and beacon type of the node correspondingly distributed to the 1 st discovery beacon time slot and the short address and beacon type of the node correspondingly distributed to the last 1 discovery beacon time slot, and Y is the number of the agent beacon time slots;
when meter reading service is executed, at the starting position of a superframe, the CCO sends signals by the following method:
s1, CCO arranges TDMA time slot for K nodes one by one, for the kth node, CCO arranges TDMA time slot with length T for the kth node, and in the time slot of the TDMA time slot area, any node in the network which generates the sending requirement of the meter reading service related message of the kth node can send signal in the own TDMA time slot;
and S2, in the time slot of the CSMA time slot area, the nodes with the transmission requirements of the meter reading service related messages compete to transmit signals according to the CSMA message access mode.
2. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 1, wherein: the message related to the meter reading service of the kth node indicates that a generation source node or a final destination node of the message is the kth node, and the message comprises a downlink meter reading message or an uplink meter reading message or a receiving confirmation message.
3. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the length T of the TDMA slot of the kth node is determined as follows:
if the CCO is the 1 st time of reading the node, T is 3 multiplied by h multiplied by T, wherein h is the hop count between the kth node and the CCO, and T is the average time for completing the 1-time signal transmission;
if the CCO is not the first time of reading the meter of the node, then:
if the length of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service set by the CCO for the meter reading task is T0 in the superframe, when the CCO receives an uplink meter reading message from the kth node before 2T0/3 of the TDMA time slot area of the meter reading service, the TDMA time slot length of the node is set to be T less than the last TDMA time slot length of the node; and if the CCO does not receive the uplink meter reading message from the kth node at the end of the TDMA time slot of the meter reading service, setting the TDAM time slot length of the node to be t more than the last TDMA time slot length of the node, and keeping the TDAM time slot length of the node consistent with the last TDMA time slot length of the node under other conditions except the two conditions.
4. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 1, wherein: in the meter reading process, the CCO selects and discovers the beacon nodes by adopting the following method:
step a, when CCO is the short address distribution of the network access node, the addresses in the short address pool are distributed to the network access node from small to large in sequence according to the sequence of the network access time of the node;
step b, setting a sending period of the discovery beacon;
c, the CCO sorts the nodes in the slave station set from small to large based on the short address size to obtain a transmission queue, the first Z nodes are arranged in the transmission queue to transmit beacon signals, and then the Z nodes are deleted from a transmission pairing column, wherein Z is T0 ÷ T _ D × N, T0 is the time length of the superframe, T _ D is a discovery beacon transmission period, and N is the number of the nodes contained in the slave station set;
and repeating the steps a to c until the number of the nodes in the sending queue is zero.
5. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 4, wherein: the node correspondingly allocated to the 1 st discovery beacon time slot in the allocation information of the discovery beacon time slot refers to the short address value of the first node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue arranged in the superframe, and the node correspondingly allocated to the last 1 discovery beacon time slot refers to the short address value of the last node of the first Z sending nodes in the sending queue arranged in the superframe.
6. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 4, wherein: if the nodes are off-network in the network operation process, the CCO recovers the addresses of the off-network nodes and distributes the addresses to new network-accessing nodes.
7. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 4, wherein: and if Z is a non-integer, rounding up.
8. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 4, wherein: and after the number of the nodes in the transmission queue is zero, generating the transmission queue again based on the slave station set, and then scheduling the transmission of the beacon signals again by adopting the same scheduling mechanism.
9. The meter reading method based on the broadband carrier communication network according to claim 4, wherein: if a new node joins the slave station set in 1 discovery beacon transmission period, the new node is not scheduled to transmit a discovery beacon signal in the remaining time of the discovery beacon transmission period, and the new node is scheduled to transmit the discovery beacon signal after the next discovery beacon transmission period comes.
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| WO2022021926A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 |
| CN111970031B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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