CN111969945B - quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN111969945B
CN111969945B CN202010828660.4A CN202010828660A CN111969945B CN 111969945 B CN111969945 B CN 111969945B CN 202010828660 A CN202010828660 A CN 202010828660A CN 111969945 B CN111969945 B CN 111969945B
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duty ratio
input power
mppt
photovoltaic panel
power
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CN111969945A (en
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相里森
任翔涛
康博纬
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Boyang Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, a device and a storage medium, which comprises real-time detection of the DC voltage and the output current of the main loop of the MPPT system, calculation and recording of the input power of a power converter; gradually increasing the duty ratio based on the initially given duty ratio until the input power of the power converter is detected to be 0, and recording the maximum value of the input power and the corresponding duty ratio in the process of increasing the duty ratio; gradually reducing the duty ratio based on the corresponding duty ratio when the input power is 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the maximum value of the input power in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determining the maximum value of the input power in the whole adjusting process; and setting the determined duty ratio according to the maximum value of the input power to finish maximum power point tracking. The photovoltaic panel power output control method can keep the maximum power output of the photovoltaic panel, and ensure the energy stability and the high-efficiency utilization rate.

Description

quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to a maximum power point tracking technology of a photovoltaic panel, in particular to a novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) system is an electrical system which enables a photovoltaic panel to output more electric energy by adjusting the working state of an electrical module, can effectively store direct current generated by a solar panel in a storage battery, can effectively solve the problem of domestic and industrial electricity consumption in remote areas and tourist areas which cannot be covered by a conventional Power grid, and does not generate environmental pollution.
The MPPT controller can detect the generated voltage of the solar panel in real time and track the highest voltage current value (V, I), so that the system charges the storage battery with the maximum power output. The solar photovoltaic system is applied to a solar photovoltaic system, coordinates the work of a solar cell panel, a storage battery and a load, and is the brain of the photovoltaic system.
Regarding the effect of MPPT, it can be embodied in a sentence: the output power of the photovoltaic cell is related to the working voltage of the MPPT controller, and only when the MPPT controller works at the most proper voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic cell has a unique maximum value.
Because the solar battery is influenced by external factors such as light intensity, environment and the like, the output power of the solar battery is changed, the light intensity emits more electricity, and the inverter with the MPPT maximum power tracking is used for fully utilizing the solar battery to enable the solar battery to operate at the maximum power point. That is, under the condition that the solar radiation is not changed, the output power after MPPT is higher than that before MPPT.
As shown in fig. 1, MPPT control is generally performed by a DC/DC converter circuit, a photovoltaic cell array is connected to a load by a DC/DC circuit, and a maximum power tracking device continuously detects a change in current and voltage of the photovoltaic array and adjusts a duty ratio of a PWM driving signal of the DC/DC converter according to the change.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and a storage medium. The maximum power value of the photovoltaic panel is tracked in real time, so that the photovoltaic panel can output stable power at the maximum power point, and the stability of the system is further improved.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method, including: detecting the direct current voltage and the output current of a main loop of the MPPT system in real time, and calculating and recording the input power of the power converter; based on the initially given duty cycle D0Gradually increasing the duty ratio until the input power of the power converter is detected to be 0, and recording the maximum value of the input power and the corresponding duty ratio in the process of increasing the duty ratio; gradually reducing the duty ratio based on the corresponding duty ratio when the input power is 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the maximum value of the input power in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determining the maximum value P of the input power in the whole adjusting processmax(ii) a According to maximum value of input power PmaxSetting the determined duty cycle DnowAnd finishing maximum power point tracking.
According to the method, the input power value of the power converter is recorded according to the fact that the initial given duty ratio is continuously increased or decreased, and the maximum power input value is tracked in the whole duty ratio adjusting process, so that the tracking of the maximum power point is completed; the whole process is tracked in real time and updated in real time, and when the maximum value is tracked, the duty ratio is determined, so that the fluctuation of power in a short time is eliminated, and the difficulty in tracking the power is reduced. And the robustness of the system is improved, so that the stability of the system during operation of input power is improved.
Optionally, the gradually increasing the duty ratio is a Step-wise increase according to a set duty ratio Step parameter.
Optionally, the gradually decreasing duty ratio is a Step-wise decrease according to a set duty ratio Step parameter Step.
Optionally, the current duty ratio is recorded as D (k), and in the process of gradually increasing the duty ratio, the system updates D (k) ═ D (k-1) + Step.
Optionally, during the gradual reduction of the duty cycle, the system updates D (k) ═ D (k-1) -Step, and the final D (k) corresponds to the maximum value Pmax of the input power during the whole regulation.
Optionally, the determined duty ratio Dnow is set according to the maximum value Pmax of the input power, and is assigned value Dnow ═ d (k) -Step.
Optionally, after the determined duty ratio Dnow is set, the system controls the power converter to operate according to the determined duty ratio Dnow for a set time period T; and if the duration T is exceeded, taking the determined duty ratio Dnow as a new duty ratio given value, and carrying out maximum power point tracking again.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel, including an MPPT system, where the system includes the above-mentioned quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method in the first aspect or the first aspect optional manner.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including: a memory and a processor;
the memory is used for storing computer instructions; causing the processor to run the novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method according to the first aspect or the alternatives of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a storage medium comprising: readable storage media and computer instructions, the computer instructions stored in the readable storage media; the computer instructions are for implementing a quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method as the first aspect or an alternative to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising: computer instructions for implementing a quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method as the first aspect or an alternative to the first aspect.
The invention provides a novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and a storage medium. According to the method, the input power value of a power converter is recorded according to the fact that the initial given duty ratio is continuously increased or decreased, and the maximum power input value is tracked in the whole duty ratio adjusting process, so that the tracking of the maximum power point is completed; the whole process is tracked in real time and updated in real time, and when the maximum value is tracked, the duty ratio is determined, so that the fluctuation of power in a short time is eliminated, and the difficulty in tracking the power is reduced. And the robustness of the system is improved, so that the stability of the system during operation of input power is improved.
Furthermore, due to the fact that sunlight is different in morning, noon and evening and the illumination intensity of regions, the tracking method provided by the invention can track the maximum power point value in real time, and due to the fact that requirements on a controller in a system are not high, cost is saved, and the stability of the output power of the system is improved.
Furthermore, the maximum power output of the photovoltaic panel can be effectively and always kept, so that the stability of the controller is improved, the same product can meet the requirements of different user environments, and the stable and efficient utilization of input energy can be ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MPPT system.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for tracking a quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is performed by a tracking device in a photovoltaic panel or a photovoltaic panel with a tracking device, which is not limited in this application. The following describes a novel tracking method of a photovoltaic panel, which uses tracking equipment in the photovoltaic panel as an execution subject to align with MPPT. As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
step S201: the tracking device detects the direct current voltage and the output current of a main loop of the MPPT system in real time, and calculates and records the input power of the power converter.
Step S202: the tracking device gradually increases the duty cycle based on the initially given duty cycle D0 until it is detected that the input power to the power converter is 0, and records the maximum value of the input power and its corresponding duty cycle during the increase of the duty cycle.
Step S203: and the tracking equipment gradually reduces the duty ratio based on the corresponding duty ratio when the input power is 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the maximum value of the input power in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determines the maximum value Pmax of the input power in the whole adjusting process.
Step S204: and the tracking equipment sets the determined duty ratio Dnow according to the maximum value Pmax of the input power to complete maximum power point tracking.
Steps S201, S202, S203, and S204 are explained as follows:
the tracking device detects the direct-current voltage and the output current of the main loop of the system in real time, and calculates the input power of the current power converter through a power formula P which is UI.
Wherein the tracking device is based on an initially given duty cycle D0, which duty cycle D0 is an empirical value for a person skilled in the art, e.g. the person skilled in the art selects an initially given duty cycle value D0 depending on the current photovoltaic panel parameters, which duty cycle value typically ranges between 0 and 1.
And obtaining the input power value of the current power converter according to the initial given duty ratio value, gradually increasing the current duty ratio value until the tracked input power value of the current power converter is 0, and recording the maximum input power value in the duty ratio increasing process in the whole process.
And gradually reducing the duty ratio value based on the duty ratio value of the input power value of 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the input power maximum value in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determining the input power maximum value Pmax in the whole adjusting process.
The current maximum power value is obtained, and the duty ratio of the current maximum input power value is correspondingly set in the MPPT system, so that the system can perform stable input according to the maximum power value, and the tracking of the maximum power point is completed once.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the tracking device records the corresponding voltage and current change values in the increasing or decreasing process of the duty ratio, so as to obtain the corresponding power input value, and the maximum power value is obtained through comparison, so that the photovoltaic panel system can stably work under the condition of maximum power value input, the stability of the system is improved, and the utilization rate of energy is further improved.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method is performed by a tracking device in a photovoltaic panel or a photovoltaic panel with a tracking device, which is not limited in this application. The following describes a novel tracking method of a photovoltaic panel, which uses tracking equipment in the photovoltaic panel as an execution subject to align with MPPT. As shown in fig. 3, before the step S204, the method further includes:
step S301: the tracking equipment gradually increases the duty ratio, namely, the tracking equipment performs Step-by-Step increase according to a set duty ratio Step parameter; the gradual reduction of the duty ratio is a stepwise reduction according to a set duty ratio Step parameter Step.
Step S302: recording the current duty ratio as D (K) by the tracking device, and in the process of gradually increasing the duty ratio, updating D (K) ═ D (K-1) + Step by the system, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; during the gradual reduction of the duty ratio, the system updates D (k) ═ D (k-1) -Step, and the final D (k) corresponds to the maximum value P of the input power during the whole regulation processmax。
Step S303: tracking device based on maximum value of input power PmaxSetting the determined duty cycle DnowIs the value of Dnow＝D(k)-Step。
After step S204, the method further comprises:
step S304: the tracking device is setting the determined duty cycle DnowThen, the system is in accordance with the determined duty ratio D in the set time length TnowControlling the power converter to operate; if the duration T is exceeded, the determined duty cycle D is usednowAnd as a new duty ratio given value, carrying out maximum power point tracking again.
It should be noted that the stepping increase or decrease is performed according to a set duty ratio stepping parameter Step, where the stepping parameter Step is a fixed value, and a person skilled in the art can set the stepping parameter according to the actual parameter of the current photovoltaic panel.
It should be noted that, if the maximum value of the input power is determined, the current duty ratio value is determined.
It should be further noted that, in the case of different morning, evening or different regions, the illumination intensity is different, so that the maximum power point is changed in real time, so that the method is to track in real time and ensure that the output power value is maximum, thereby ensuring the full utilization rate of energy and the stability of system use.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention can adjust the maximum power output point at any time in real time according to the time space, and can fully utilize the energy under the condition of ensuring the normal and stable operation of the system; in addition, the maximum power point can be tracked in real time, and only a controller with simple functions is needed, so that the cost is reduced.
The express item detection method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described above in detail, and the detection device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking device according to an embodiment of the present application. The device includes:
the detection calculation recording module 401: the system is used for detecting the direct current voltage and the output current of a main loop of the MPPT system in real time, and calculating and recording the input power of the power converter;
gradually increasing the duty ratio based on the initially given duty ratio D0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to be 0, and recording the maximum value of the input power and the corresponding duty ratio in the process of increasing the duty ratio;
gradually reducing the duty ratio based on the corresponding duty ratio when the input power is 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the maximum value of the input power in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determining the maximum value Pmax of the input power in the whole adjusting process;
the setting module 402: and the duty ratio Dnow is set according to the maximum value Pmax of the input power, and the maximum power point tracking is completed.
Optionally, the detecting, calculating and recording module 401 further includes a Step-by-Step increasing module for gradually increasing the duty ratio according to a set duty ratio Step parameter.
Optionally, the detecting, calculating and recording module 401 further includes a Step-by-Step reduction module for gradually reducing the duty ratio according to a set duty ratio Step parameter Step.
Optionally, the detection calculation recording module 401 is configured to record the current duty ratio as D (k), and in the process of gradually increasing the duty ratio, the system updates D (k) ═ D (k-1) + Step.
Optionally, the detection calculation recording module 401 is configured to update D (k) ═ D (k-1) -Step in the process of gradually decreasing the duty ratio, and the final D (k) corresponds to the maximum value Pmax of the input power in the whole adjustment process.
The assignment module 403: the duty ratio Dnow used for setting the determination according to the input power maximum Pmax is the value assigned Dnow ═ d (k) -Step.
The setting module 404: after the determined duty ratio Dnow is set, the system controls the power converter to operate according to the determined duty ratio Dnow for a set time length T; and if the duration T is exceeded, taking the determined duty ratio Dnow as a new duty ratio given value, and carrying out maximum power point tracking again.
The tracking device provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for executing the quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, and the implementation principle and the technical effect of the tracking device can refer to the embodiment part of the method, so that the implementation principle and the technical effect are not repeated herein.
The photovoltaic panel provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for executing the quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, and the implementation principle and the technical effect of the method can refer to the embodiment part of the method, so that the method is not repeated here.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method for tracking a quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel as described in any one of the above embodiments is performed.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement any one of the above-mentioned quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking methods.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: read-only memory (ROM), RAM, flash memory, hard disk, solid state disk, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical disk, and any combination thereof.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the direct current voltage and the output current of a main loop of the MPPT system in real time, and calculating and recording the input power of a power converter;
based on the initially given duty cycle D0Gradually increasing the duty ratio until the input power of the power converter is detected to be 0, and recording the maximum value of the input power and the corresponding duty ratio in the process of increasing the duty ratio;
gradually reducing the duty ratio based on the corresponding duty ratio when the input power is 0 until the input power of the power converter is detected to reach or exceed the maximum value of the input power in the process of increasing the duty ratio again, and determining the maximum value P of the input power in the whole adjusting processmax；
According to maximum value of input power PmaxSetting the determined duty cycle DnowAnd finishing maximum power point tracking.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said increasing the duty cycle is a Step-wise increase according to a set duty cycle Step parameter Step.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said gradual reduction of the duty cycle is a Step-wise reduction according to a set duty cycle Step parameter Step.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the current duty cycle is recorded as D (k), and D (k) ═ D (k-1) + Step is updated during the process of increasing the duty cycle.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that during the gradual reduction of the duty cycle, the system updates D (k) -D (k-1) -Step, the final D (k) corresponding to the maximum value of the input power P during the whole regulation processmax。
6. The novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the maximum value P is determined according to the input powermaxSetting the determined duty cycle DnowIs the value of Dnow＝D(k)-Step。
7. The novel photovoltaic panel tracking method of quasi-MPPT as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the determined duty cycle D is setnowThen, the system is in accordance with the determined duty ratio D in the set time length TnowControlling the power converter to operate; if the duration T is exceeded, the determined duty cycle D is usednowAnd as a new duty ratio given value, carrying out maximum power point tracking again.
8. A photovoltaic panel comprising an MPPT system including the novel quasi-MPPT photovoltaic panel tracking method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. A computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory is to store computer instructions; the processor is configured to execute the computer instructions stored by the memory to implement the quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium, comprising: a readable storage medium and computer instructions stored in the readable storage medium; the computer instructions are for implementing the quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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