CN101777777A - Direct current voltage regulation-based maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array with stable charging circuit - Google Patents
Direct current voltage regulation-based maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array with stable charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101777777A CN101777777A CN200910000650A CN200910000650A CN101777777A CN 101777777 A CN101777777 A CN 101777777A CN 200910000650 A CN200910000650 A CN 200910000650A CN 200910000650 A CN200910000650 A CN 200910000650A CN 101777777 A CN101777777 A CN 101777777A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a maximum power point tracking method for an independent photovoltaic power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. A control system for a Buck circuit to charge a storage battery is utilized by a photovoltaic array, and the duty cycle of an MOSFET switching tube in a Buck charging circuit is directly controlled by utilizing a differential value of power to voltage, so the maximum power output of the photovoltaic array can be maintained under the condition that the luminance and ambient temperature are changed, and the storage battery is quickly charged in an optimization way. The maximum power point tracking method has the advantages of simpleness, directness and effectiveness; when the illumination intensity is suddenly increased or a cloud in the air comes, the method can make the system respond quickly and can timely lock the system to work at the maximum power working point, so energy loss is effectively prevented, the system efficiency is improved, and the system cost is indirectly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stable photovoltaic charged technology that realizes the photovoltaic array maximal power tracing fast, belong to independently photovoltaic generating system control technology application.
Background technology
Independent photovoltaic generating system carries the energy storage link, and therefore the electric energy output that does not need to link to each other with electrical network and just can provide lasting used occasion such as charge in batteries and used gradually at high-pressure sodium lamp, LED lamp.
The electrical characteristic of photovoltaic array output power and voltage, output current and voltage has the strong nonlinearity feature, and its power output is subjected to the influence of intensity of illumination, ambient temperature and loading condition.Even under same intensity of illumination and ambient temperature, because the power output of the different solar energy photovoltaic arrays of load is also inequality, but only under a certain loading condition, the power output of solar battery array just can reach maximum.No matter how intensity of illumination and ambient temperature change, make photovoltaic array be operated in maximum power point by regulating load, this method we be referred to as maximum power tracing (Maximum PowerPoint Tracking, MPPT).
In illuminators such as high-pressure sodium lamp or LED lamp, accumulator charging technology is crucial, and the electric energy that utilizes photovoltaic array to send by day charges to storage battery, utilizes the mains lighting supply of storage battery as high-pressure sodium lamp, LED lamp evening.A good charge in batteries control technology not only can prolong the life cycle of storage battery but also often can make storage battery be in fully charged state, can the electric energy that solar energy sends well be utilized, and makes whole system operate in optimum state under the various operating modes.
The maximal power tracing technology that is applied to the charging of solar energy photovoltaic array at present has non-pressure process, single order climbing method, electricity to lead modulator approach etc., these methods generally need two control rings, one of them control ring is in order to the output voltage or the output current of control photovoltaic array, the duty ratio of another control ring control charging circuit, certainly exist some between these two control rings and influence each other, thereby can cause the loss of some excess power.Also having a kind of maximum power tracking method is the duty ratio that directly determines the BUCK charging circuit according to the change direction that photovoltaic array sends power, though this method control is simple, but this method and unstable is difficult to accomplish that photovoltaic array stable operation is at maximum power point in actual applications.
When photovoltaic array stable operation during at maximum power point, its notable feature is exactly the differential dP/dV=0 of power to voltage.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of directly effective MPPT maximum power point tracking control algolithm (Maximum PowerPoint Tracking, MPPT) make photovoltaic array Maximum Power Output under the condition of different illumination and variation of ambient temperature, storage battery is optimized charging, improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic array, reduce system cost indirectly;
Characteristics of the present invention are: adopt fixed point type digital signal processor, use C language compilation MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm, realize that photovoltaic array keeps maximum power output under the condition of illumination and variations in temperature, be optimized quick charge to storage battery.
Step (1). utilize digital signal processor to gather the DC bus-bar voltage V of photovoltaic array current time
n, dc bus current I
n, and the voltage V at storage battery two ends
Bat
Step (2). judge accumulator voltage V
BatWhether surpass maximum amplitude limit magnitude of voltage V
MaxIf surpassed V
Max, stop at once storage battery is charged, stop the storage battery overshoot.If accumulator voltage does not reach V
Max, carry out next step calculating.
Step (3). utilize measured DC bus-bar voltage V
nAnd I
nCalculate current time photovoltaic array power output P
n, and then the power output P of calculating current time
nPower output P with the previous moment of noting
pDifference DELTA P, calculate current time voltage V simultaneously
nThe V that notes with previous moment
pDifference DELTA V.
Step (4). calculate Δ P/ Δ V value, and judge according to its value:
If Δ P/ Δ V＞0 is then discerned Directional Sign Sign and is put-1;
If Δ P/ Δ V＜0 is then discerned Directional Sign Sign and is put 1;
If Δ P/ Δ V=0 then discerns Directional Sign Sign and puts 0;
Step (5). according to the judged result of step (4), calculate the D of current time according to the following equation
Ref(k):
D
ref(k)＝D
ref(k-1)+T×Sign
Wherein T is the fixed step size value, and the size of this value rationally is provided with according to the scope of digital processor processes word length and the AD sample rate of setting.
Step (6). utilize step (5) to calculate the gained duty ratio, form one road pwm pulse, insert the gate pole circuit of the switching device MOSFET of BUCK circuit, storage battery is optimized charging process thereby finish through the driving interface circuit by digital signal processor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. photovoltaic battery array power voltage curve and maximal power tracing curve.
Fig. 2. implement the photovoltaic array maximal power tracing schematic diagram of this algorithm.
Fig. 3. photovoltaic array BUCK charging circuit control system structure chart.
Fig. 4. MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm controls flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5. use resultant photovoltaic array power output of this algorithm and voltage curve with illumination change.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, the independent photovoltaic generating system of this MPPT maximum power point tracking technology of application of the present invention comprises:
1) solar battery array: solar battery array is the input of independent photovoltaic generating system, for whole system provides electric energy.Under the illumination condition, solar cell is an electric energy with the transform light energy that is received by day, through charging circuit to charge in batteries; After the darkness, solar cell quits work, the output open circuit.
2) dc bus input capacitance: mainly play certain filter action.
3) storage battery: as the energy storage link of independent photovoltaic generating system, the electric energy that daytime, storage battery was exported solar cell is converted to chemical energy and stores, and changes telegram in reply again to night and can output to load.The power supply of intelligent controller is supplied with by storage battery.
4) BUCK circuit: as the transformation of electrical energy link, use the algorithm that the present invention carried and drive duty ratio change photovoltaic array output load characteristic, reach the purpose of tracking photovoltaic array maximum power working point by adjusting.
5) output inductor and output capacitance: reduce Buck converter output voltage ripple.
Claims (3)
1. have the simple directly photovoltaic array Buck charge control system of stable maximal power tracing technology, it is characterized in that:
(1) to storage battery optimization charging, prevents from the storage battery overshoot has been prolonged the storage battery life cycle;
(2) realized the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic array in the process to charge in batteries, its tracing process is fast, and can stable operation in the maximum power working point.
2. according to claim 1 storage battery is optimized charging, prevent the storage battery overshoot, prolonged the life cycle of storage battery, it is characterized in that: the reference value of at first setting a duty ratio, in algorithm cyclic process each time, output voltage, electric current and the battery tension of elder generation's measuring light photovoltaic array are judged promptly to stop after battery tension is to reach maximum charge in batteries, stop the storage battery overshoot.
3. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: battery tension does not reach the maximum of setting, the power output of calculating the power output of photovoltaic array then and deducting the last step-length of record obtains Δ P, calculate the difference DELTA V of the last step-length output voltage of current photovoltaic array output voltage and record simultaneously, adopt fixed-point algorithm to calculate Δ P/ Δ V, when Δ P/ Δ V greater than 0 the time, illustrate that photovoltaic array is operated in the left side of maximum power point (can say that also photovoltaic array is operated in the electric current source region), judge that Directional Sign Sign puts-1, reduce duty ratio, make the photovoltaic array working point near maximum power point; When Δ P/ Δ V equaled 0, Directional Sign Sign put 0, illustrated that photovoltaic array has been operated in the maximum power working point; When intensity of illumination or ambient temperature change, cause Δ P/ Δ V less than 0 o'clock, illustrate that photovoltaic array is operated in the right of maximum power point (can say that also photovoltaic array is operated in the voltage source region), Directional Sign Sign puts 1, increase duty ratio, again photovoltaic array is withdrawn into the maximum power working point apace.Realized the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic array in the process of described charge in batteries, its tracing process is fast, and energy stable operation is in the maximum power working point.
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| CN200910000650A CN101777777A (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Direct current voltage regulation-based maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array with stable charging circuit |
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| CN200910000650A CN101777777A (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | Direct current voltage regulation-based maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array with stable charging circuit |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102117090A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-07-06 | 河海大学 | Method for tracking maximum power of photovoltaic cell |
| CN102255363A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-11-23 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | Charging circuit topology for solar controller under comprehensive protection and control method thereof |
| CN102593911A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 常熟理工学院 | Photovoltaic charging circuit having synchronized reverse isolation function |
| CN102820808A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-12 | 特变电工新疆新能源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic array combiner box |
| CN103226374A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Maximum power point tracking circuit of constant flow source control photovoltaic panel |
| CN103326441A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳市晶福源电子技术有限公司 | Lead-acid storage battery charging circuit and method thereof |
| CN103472884A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Global maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array |
| TWI469471B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-01-11 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | Method and circuit of the pulse charging with mppt |
| US9000748B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2015-04-07 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking controllers and maximum power point tracking methods |
| US9065336B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2015-06-23 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus |
| CN105446412A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏大学 | MPPT method based on temperature and light intensity feedback |
| CN105917543A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2016-08-31 | 紫稳电机株式会社 | Power generation system for power generation device harnessing natural energy, and DC power supply combination device having reverse-current blocking device and no power loss used in said power generation system |
| CN111371301A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 中南大学 | IGBT junction temperature control method and system for two-level traction inverter |
| CN111969945A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 博阳能源科技有限公司 | quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and storage medium |
-
2009
- 2009-01-13 CN CN200910000650A patent/CN101777777A/en active Pending
Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102117090A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-07-06 | 河海大学 | Method for tracking maximum power of photovoltaic cell |
| CN102117090B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2013-06-05 | 河海大学 | Method for tracking maximum power of photovoltaic cell |
| CN102820808A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-12-12 | 特变电工新疆新能源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic array combiner box |
| CN102820808B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2015-07-01 | 特变电工新疆新能源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic array combiner box |
| CN102255363A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-11-23 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | Charging circuit topology for solar controller under comprehensive protection and control method thereof |
| CN102255363B (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-07-31 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | Charging circuit topology for solar controller under comprehensive protection and control method thereof |
| US9000748B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2015-04-07 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking controllers and maximum power point tracking methods |
| CN102593911A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 常熟理工学院 | Photovoltaic charging circuit having synchronized reverse isolation function |
| CN102593911B (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-11-20 | 常熟理工学院 | Photovoltaic charging circuit having synchronized reverse isolation function |
| TWI469471B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-01-11 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | Method and circuit of the pulse charging with mppt |
| CN103226374B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-12-10 | 南京邮电大学 | Maximum power point tracking circuit of constant flow source control photovoltaic panel |
| CN103226374A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-07-31 | 南京邮电大学 | Maximum power point tracking circuit of constant flow source control photovoltaic panel |
| US9065336B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2015-06-23 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Maximum power point tracking method and apparatus |
| CN103326441A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳市晶福源电子技术有限公司 | Lead-acid storage battery charging circuit and method thereof |
| CN103472884A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-12-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Global maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic array |
| CN103472884B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of overall maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking |
| CN105917543A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2016-08-31 | 紫稳电机株式会社 | Power generation system for power generation device harnessing natural energy, and DC power supply combination device having reverse-current blocking device and no power loss used in said power generation system |
| CN105446412A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏大学 | MPPT method based on temperature and light intensity feedback |
| CN111371301A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 中南大学 | IGBT junction temperature control method and system for two-level traction inverter |
| CN111371301B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | IGBT junction temperature control method and system for two-level traction inverter |
| CN111969945A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 博阳能源科技有限公司 | quasi-MPPT novel photovoltaic panel tracking method, equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20100714 |