CN111965602A - Method and system for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of phased array radar - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of phased array radar Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
- G01S2013/0245—Radar with phased array antenna
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a method and a system for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of phased array radar, wherein the method comprises the steps of setting N probes in a preset range, and the preset range is determined according to the condition that M vibrators and N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other; acquiring initial data of M vibrators and N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions; further, respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Further, according to the amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data. Thereby avoiding phase uncertainty caused by cable motion and directly reaching the auxiliary phaseThe purpose of keeping amplitude-phase consistency of the array control radar is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of intelligent traffic, in particular to a method and a system for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar.
Background
All radars need to ensure a certain amplitude-phase consistency in order for the receiver to work in an optimal state. The large-scale phased array radar has a large number of oscillators, and problems of individual oscillators, such as oscillator failure or too large amplitude phase deviation, are difficult to avoid in the use process. And therefore require periodic maintenance checks. However, the overhauling mode in the prior art has the problems of serious time and labor consumption and huge cost.
Therefore, a more convenient, time-saving and labor-saving way is needed for maintaining the amplitude-phase consistency of the phased array radar.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the method and the system for detecting the amplitude-phase consistency of the phased array radar can assist in maintaining the amplitude-phase consistency of the phased array radar.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for detecting amplitude and phase consistency of a phased array radar, the method including:
setting N probes in a preset range, wherein the preset range is determined according to the condition that M vibrators and N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers larger than 1;
acquiring initial data of M vibrators and N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions;
respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N, and j is an integer from 1 to M;
according to the amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
Optionally, the determining the amplitudes and phases of the M transducers and the coordinate positions and pointing angles of the N probes by using a least square method is calculated according to the following formula:
Ai,j＝ArjApiabs[Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j)]/|ri,j|
Pi,j＝mod[Prj+Ppi+angle(Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j))-k|ri,j|,2π]
wherein Ar isjRepresenting the amplitude, Ap, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the amplitude, theta, of the probe ijRepresenting the pointing angle, η, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the pointing angle of the probe i; xii,jRepresenting the corresponding angle coordinate of the connecting line between the two; dr (theta)j,ξi,j) Representing the value of the radiation pattern of the vibrator j at the probe i, Dp (eta)i,ξi,j) Representing the value of a probe i directional diagram at a vibrator j, wherein the product of the probe i directional diagram and the vibrator j represents a three-dimensional vector inner product under the condition of an electromagnetic phased array, and represents a common product under the condition of an acoustic phased array; pr (Pr) ofjRepresenting the phase of the oscillator j, PpiRepresents the phase of probe i; | ri,jL represents the distance between the phase center of the probe i and the phase center of the oscillator j; k represents a wave number; abs () represents a modulo function, angle () represents a phase taking function, and mod () represents a remainder taking function.
Optionally, the individually measuring M oscillators with N probes includes:
respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or
A single probe is used to move to different positions to measure the M transducers separately.
Optionally, the condition that the M oscillators and the N probes are located in the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is located within the set beam width of all oscillators or part of oscillators, and the probe is directed to meet the condition that all oscillators or part of oscillators are located within the set beam width of the probe.
Optionally, the position of each probe further comprises: the shortest distance from each probe to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a phased array radar amplitude and phase consistency detection system, the system including:
the probe setting module is used for setting the N probes in a preset range, the preset range is determined according to the condition that the M vibrators and the N probes are mutually positioned in the radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers larger than 1;
the initial data acquisition module is used for acquiring initial data of the M vibrators and the N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions;
a measurement module for measuring M oscillators by using N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N, and j is an integer from 1 to M;
a magnitude and phase data calculation module for collecting A according to the magnitudei,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
Optionally, the amplitude and phase data calculation module specifically calculates according to the following formula:
Ai,j＝ArjApiabs[Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j)]/|ri,j|
Pi,j＝mod[Prj+Ppi+angle(Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j))-k|ri,j|,2π]
wherein Ar isjRepresenting the amplitude, Ap, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the amplitude, theta, of the probe ijRepresenting the pointing angle, η, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the pointing angle of the probe i; xii,jRepresenting the corresponding angle coordinate of the connecting line between the two; dr (theta)j,ξi,j) Representing the value of the radiation pattern of the vibrator j at the probe i, Dp (eta)i,ξi,j) Representing the value of a probe i directional diagram at a vibrator j, wherein the product of the probe i directional diagram and the vibrator j represents a three-dimensional vector inner product under the condition of an electromagnetic phased array, and represents a common product under the condition of an acoustic phased array; pr (Pr) ofjRepresenting the phase of the oscillator j, PpiRepresentative probeThe phase of i; | ri,jL represents the distance between the phase center of the probe i and the phase center of the oscillator j; k represents a wave number; abs () represents a modulo function, angle () represents a phase taking function, and mod () represents a remainder taking function.
Optionally, the measurement module is specifically configured to: respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or moved to different positions with a single probe to measure the M transducers separately.
Optionally, the condition that the M oscillators and the N probes are located in the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is located within the set beam width of all oscillators or part of oscillators, and the probe is directed to meet the condition that all oscillators or part of oscillators are located within the set beam width of the probe.
Optionally, the position of each probe further comprises: the shortest distance from each probe to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
In summary, the amplitude-phase consistency detection method for the phased array radar provided by the embodiment of the application sets the N probes in a preset range, and the preset range is determined according to the condition that the M oscillators and the N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other; acquiring initial data of M vibrators and N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions; further, respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a According to the amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data. Therefore, the phase uncertainty caused by the motion of the cable can be avoided, and the aim of assisting the phased array radar to keep amplitude-phase consistency is directly fulfilled.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a structure of a phased array radar amplitude-phase consistency detection system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The antenna array of a phased array radar also consists of a number of radiating elements and receiving elements (called array elements), the number of which, depending on the function of the radar, may be from a few hundred to tens of thousands. The elements are regularly arranged on a plane to form an array antenna. The electromagnetic wave coherence principle is used, and the phase of current fed to each radiating element is controlled by a computer, so that the direction of a wave beam can be changed to carry out scanning, and the scanning is called electric scanning. The radiation unit sends the received echo signal to the host computer to complete the search, tracking and measurement of the radar to the target.
Each antenna element includes necessary devices such as a phase shifter, in addition to the antenna element. Different elements can be fed with currents of different phases through phase shifters, thereby radiating beams of different directivities in space. The larger the number of elements of the antenna, the more possible orientations of the beam in space. The array control radar equipment is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, the beam scanning range is limited, and the maximum scanning angle is 90-120 degrees. When the omnidirectional monitoring is needed, 3-4 antenna array planes are needed. Compared with a mechanical scanning radar, the phased array radar has the advantages of more flexible scanning, more reliable performance and stronger anti-interference capability, and can be quickly adapted to the change of battlefield conditions.
All radars need to ensure a certain amplitude-phase consistency in order for the receiver to work in an optimal state. However, the amplitude-phase consistency has the greatest influence on the monopulse radar, and the monopulse technology is mainly used in the precise tracking and measuring radar. The single pulse radar adopts amplitude or phase and difference type, the receiver comprises a plurality of difference channels and auxiliary channels besides a sum channel, and in order to improve the measurement precision and realize the automatic tracking of a servo system to a target, the signal amplitude and the phase of the difference channel are required to be consistent with those of the sum channel.
Generally, in a period before each target processing cycle of the radar, a test or pilot signal is respectively input to the sum and difference channel to measure the amplitude and phase errors of the sum and difference channel, an automatic control system forms control signals of the amplitude and phase, and the amplitude and phase of the signals of the sum and difference channel are controlled and adjusted to reduce the amplitude and phase errors of the signals of the sum and difference channel, so that amplitude and phase consistency is realized.
In the prior art, for amplitude-phase consistency calibration, the existing schemes include a planar near-field scanning method, an inverse matrix method, a mid-field method relying on accurate positioning, an external-field spherical multi-probe scanning method and a mutual coupling self-calibration method. The planar near-field scanning method needs to mechanically scan each oscillator point by point, and consumes a lot of time and cost; the inverse matrix method needs to strictly and accurately position the oscillator, and the external field application is inconvenient; the midfield method relying on accurate positioning also faces the difficulties of inconvenient external field application and low precision; the external field spherical surface multi-probe scanning method does not need accurate positioning, and the scanning time can be accepted, but the number of probes is too large, the equipment is complex and expensive, and even the import is relied on. The self-calibration method based on mutual coupling of the oscillators does not need additional equipment, but the applicable array form is limited, and the accuracy is not high due to the fact that the coupling between the oscillators is small.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of phased array radar, which is a calibration system with controllable probe number and without accurate probe position, and can be used for maintenance and repair of an outfield of a large-scale phased array radar, thereby improving detection efficiency and reducing detection cost.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes the following steps:
step 101: setting N probes in a preset range, wherein the preset range is determined according to the condition that M vibrators and N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers larger than one.
Step 102: and acquiring initial data of the M vibrators and the N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns and phase center coordinate positions of the M vibrators and the N probes.
Step 103: respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N and j is an integer from 1 to M.
Step 104: according to the amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
In step 101, the condition that the M transducers and the N probes are in the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is within the set beam width of all transducers or part of the transducers, and the probe is pointed to a direction that all transducers or part of the transducers are within the set beam width of the probe.
In a possible embodiment, the distribution of the probes should satisfy the condition that the radiation main lobes of all radar oscillators can be covered by at least one main lobe of the probe, and that the probe and the individual oscillators are located in the far-field radiation region of each other. The set position condition of each probe further includes: the shortest distance from each probe to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
For example, the total number of probe channels is at least 2, and specifically, two modes of 1 probe, or two independent probes, or a plurality of probes can be used. Each probe is positioned within the major beamwidth of all elements or a portion of the elements (e.g., 3db) and is oriented such that all elements or a portion of the elements are within the major beamwidth of the probe (e.g., 3 db). A pair of probe and transducer, which are within the main radiation range of each other, is said to effectively cover the transducer. The selection principle of the number of the probes at least ensures that each vibrator in the array can be effectively covered by at least one probe channel; likewise, a large number of commonly covered transducers will improve accuracy. Each probe channel can cover at least 6 oscillators together with at least one other probe channel.
In step 102, the precise position coordinates and pointing angle (expressed in euler's angle) of each element in the array are obtained, and the position of the element phase center and the element pattern in the main radiation direction are obtained. The above information can be obtained from phased array producers and probe producers. In addition, the directional patterns of the oscillator and the probe can also be obtained by an autonomous measurement mode.
In step 103, the measurement methods include, but are not limited to, the following two methods: respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or a single probe is moved to different positions to respectively measure the M vibrators. Namely, the probe can be a plurality of independent probes, and also can be a plurality of positions which are scanned and moved by one probe. That is, the measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application may or may not involve mechanical scanning.
The radar array to be measured can be in various forms, can be a planar array or a multi-probe spherical near-field annular array. And measuring the jth vibrator by using the ith probe, wherein all other probes and vibrators are in a closed state during testing until all the probes and vibrators are traversed. Obtaining a signal containing amplitude information and phase information, i.e. amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,j. Assuming a total of N probes and M transducers, at most M × N sets of test data can be obtained. However, in actual practice, the effective test data amount is less than mxn because not every set of probe and transducer combination satisfies the above-mentioned principle of mutual effective coverage.
The pattern of the radiation electromagnetic field of the antenna distributed over a fixed distance with angular coordinates is called a directional pattern. Represented in phase is called a phase pattern. And respectively moving the reference origin points of the radar oscillator and the probe to respective phase center points to obtain a zero phase directional diagram, wherein the zero phase directional diagram is amplitude of the directional diagram which takes a value in each direction as no phase.
In step 104, the amplitude and phase of the M transducers, and the coordinate positions and pointing angles of the N probes are determined by using the least square method, and are calculated according to the following formula (1) and formula (2):
Ai,j＝ArjApiabs[Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j)]/|ri,j|………………(1)
Pi,j＝mod[Prj+Ppi+angle(Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j))-k|ri,j|,2π]……(2)
wherein Ar isjRepresenting the amplitude, Ap, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the amplitude, theta, of the probe ijRepresenting the pointing angle, η, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the pointing angle of the probe i; xii,jRepresenting the corresponding angle coordinate of the connecting line between the two; dr (theta)j,ξi,j) Representing the value of the radiation pattern of the vibrator j at the probe i, Dp (eta)i,ξi,j) Representing the value of a probe i directional diagram at a vibrator j, wherein the product of the probe i directional diagram and the vibrator j represents a three-dimensional vector inner product under the condition of an electromagnetic phased array, and represents a common product under the condition of an acoustic phased array; pr (Pr) ofjRepresenting the phase of the oscillator j, PpiRepresents the phase of probe i; | ri,jL represents the distance between the phase center of the probe i and the phase center of the oscillator j; k represents a wave number; abs () represents a modulo function, angle () represents a phase taking function, and mod () represents a remainder taking function.
Under the premise that the directional diagrams of the probe and the oscillators and the position coordinates and the pointing angles of the oscillators are known, the amplitude and the phase of the oscillators and the position and the pointing angles of the probe can be solved as unknowns from the formula (1) and the formula (2) through a least square method. There are many options for the solving process using the least square method, and an exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a solving process, including the following steps:
And 2, bringing the test data of the two probes and all the commonly covered oscillators into a formula (1), and eliminating all unknown quantities of all oscillator amplitudes in the formula (1) in a mode of dividing signals of the two probes for detecting the same oscillator to obtain a series of equations (3) about amplitude ratios, positions and Euler angles of the two probes.
And determining the amplitude ratio of the two probes, the position coordinates of the two probes and the Euler angle by using a least square method. It should be noted that, in general, the least square method gradually iteratively converges to the optimal solution starting from an initial value of the unknown quantity. In this step, the initial value of the least square method may be set as follows: the amplitude ratio of the two probes is set to 1 and the initial values of the position and angle of the probes can be obtained by low precision, low cost measurement tools or visual inspection.
And step 3: and (3) bringing the test data of the two probes and all the commonly covered oscillators into a formula (2), and eliminating all unknown quantities of amplitudes of all the oscillators in the formula (2) in a mode of subtracting signals of the same oscillator detected by the two probes to obtain a series of equations (4) about phase difference and position of the two probes.
Wherein, the term related to the directional diagram phase in the formula (4) can be directly calculated by using the data of the probe position and the euler angle in the step 1. And (3) solving the formula (4) by using a least square method to obtain an accurate solution of the phase difference and the position of the two probes. The phase difference of the initial values may be set to 0, and the position and euler angle may be set to the result in step 1.
And 4, step 4: the amplitudes and phases of all the transducers covered by at least one of the two probes are determined by equations (1) and (2) using the exact positions and euler angles of the two probes that have been determined. Probe i in solving process1The amplitude and phase of (c) can be arbitrarily specified as 1 and 0.
And 5: and (3) determining the probe which can cover the largest number of oscillators in all oscillators (the union of oscillators covered by the two probes) in the step (1) to (4) in the rest probes, and adding the probe into the solving range.
Step 6: and (3) solving the position and Euler angle of the probe and the amplitude and phase of the probe by a least square method by using the oscillator phase and amplitude determined in the step 1-4 and the formulas (1) and (2). The amplitude phase of the initial values is set to 1 and 0, respectively, and the position and euler angle are measured with low accuracy (plus or minus 50%) or visually.
And 7, calculating the amplitude and the phase of all the vibrators covered by the probe according to the position and the Euler angle of the probe in the step 6.
And 8: taking the union set of all the solved probes and the vibrators covered by the probes as the quantitative to be quantified, and solving equations (1) and (2) by using a least square method to obtain a more accurate solution. Wherein the initial value of the least squares method may be the result of the probe and transducer determined in all steps prior to step 7.
And step 9: if the solution time is required, the step 9 can be omitted; or the step 9 is executed once after adding a plurality of probes to the solving range.
And 10, jumping back to the step 5, adding one probe as a solving object each time, and continuously solving the rest probes and the rest vibrators until all the probes and the vibrators are solved.
Step 11: for the oscillator at the edge of the array, because the radiation pattern of the oscillator may deviate from the pattern at the center of the array, the pattern can be actually measured and corrected. Then substituted into equations (1) and (2) and solved using the least squares method.
In summary, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application omits a near field scanning system with huge cost compared with a near field scanning method, and reduces the testing time. Compared with an external field method and an inverse matrix method, the method saves the step of accurately positioning the probe and shortens the testing process. The scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can avoid phase uncertainty caused by cable motion, has low requirement on test conditions, and is particularly suitable for testing large-scale external field arrays.
It should be noted that the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to the amplitude-phase consistency fast calibration of the large-scale antenna array and the sonar array of the communication base station.
In order to further verify and explain the effect of the method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of the phased array radar provided by the embodiment of the present application, the following example is given:
a 20 x 20 acoustic array is constructed with each element being an isotropic source of radiation and the distance between adjacent elements being half a wavelength. The oscillator amplitude and phase are determined by random numbers. The linear amplitude is uniformly distributed between 0.5 and 2, and the phase is uniformly distributed between 0 and 360 degrees. Assuming that both probes are isotropic (euler angles are not required as parameters), the linear amplitude and phase are both 1 and 0 degrees, respectively. Two probes were placed on a plane 5 wavelengths from the array with internal coordinates (1,5,5) and (9,5,5), respectively, in wavelengths.
Generating a test data set A based on the above setting conditionsijAnd Pij. To simulate the actual situation, a test error of plus or minus 0.1db is added in amplitude and a test error of plus or minus 1 degree is added in phase.
Further, according to the test data AijAnd PijAnd the position of each vibrator in the acoustic array, and solving the amplitude and the phase of all the vibrators by a least square method.
Further, the error between the result obtained by comparison calculation and the real value data of the oscillator is small.
Finally, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the probe positions (1.0015, 8.9989, 5.0009) and (5.0010, 4.9976, 4.9972) inversely derived from the noisy simulation test data agree with the true values of the two probes. The phase and amplitude errors of the final solution are also within expected ranges.
In summary, the amplitude-phase consistency detection method for the phased array radar provided by the embodiment of the application sets the N probes in a preset range, and the preset range is determined according to the condition that the M oscillators and the N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other; acquiring initial data of M vibrators and N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions; further, respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set and a phase set; further, according to the amplitude set, the phase set and the initial data, the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes are determined by a least square method. Phase uncertainty caused by cable motion is avoided, and the purpose of keeping amplitude-phase consistency of the auxiliary phased array radar is directly achieved.
Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a system for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of a phased array radar, as shown in fig. 4, the system includes:
the probe setting module 401 is configured to set the N probes within a preset range, where the preset range is determined according to a condition that the M vibrators and the N probes are located within a radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers greater than one.
An initial data obtaining module 402, configured to obtain initial data of the M oscillators and the N probes, where the initial data includes coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M oscillators, and radiation patterns and phase center coordinate positions of the M oscillators and the N probes.
A measuring module 403, configured to measure M oscillators with N probes one by one, to obtain an amplitude set ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N and j is an integer from 1 to M.
A magnitude and phase data calculation module 404 for calculating a set A of magnitudesi,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
In a possible implementation, the magnitude and phase data calculation module 404 performs the calculation according to the foregoing equations (1) and (2). This embodiment is not described herein.
In a possible implementation, the measurement module 403 is specifically configured to:
respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or
And respectively measuring the M vibrators by moving a single probe to different positions.
In a possible implementation mode, the condition that the M oscillators and the N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is within the set beam width of all oscillators or part of oscillators, and the orientation of each probe is satisfied that all oscillators or part of oscillators are within the set beam width of the probe.
In a possible embodiment, the position of each probe further comprises: each probeThe shortest distance from the head to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
In the present specification, each embodiment of the method is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. Reference is made to the description of the method embodiments.
It is noted that while the operations of the methods of the present invention are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this is not a requirement or suggestion that the operations must be performed in this particular order or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.
Although the present application provides method steps as in embodiments or flowcharts, additional or fewer steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive approaches. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When an apparatus or client product in practice executes, it may execute sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multithreaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment) according to the embodiments or methods shown in the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited elements is not excluded.
The units, devices, modules, etc. set forth in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, in implementing the present application, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units, and the like. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may therefore be considered as a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, classes, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a mobile terminal, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The application is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting amplitude-phase consistency of phased array radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting N probes in a preset range, wherein the preset range is determined according to the condition that M vibrators and N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers larger than 1;
acquiring initial data of M vibrators and N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions;
respectively measuring M oscillators by utilizing N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer from 1 to N, and j is an integer from 1 to M;
according to the amplitude set Ai,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the amplitude and phase of the M elements, the coordinate position of the N probes, and the pointing angle using the least squares method is calculated according to the following formula:
Ai,j＝ArjApiabs[Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j)]/|ri,j|
Pi,j＝mod[Prj+Ppi+angle(Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j))-k|ri,j|,2π]
wherein Ar isjRepresenting the amplitude, Ap, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the amplitude, theta, of the probe ijRepresenting the pointing angle, η, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the pointing angle of the probe i; xii,jRepresenting the corresponding angle coordinate of the connecting line between the two; dr (theta)j,ξi,j) Representing the value of the radiation pattern of the vibrator j at the probe i, Dp (eta)i,ξi,j) Representing the value of a probe i directional diagram at a vibrator j, wherein the product of the probe i directional diagram and the vibrator j represents a three-dimensional vector inner product under the condition of an electromagnetic phased array, and represents a common product under the condition of an acoustic phased array; pr (Pr) ofjRepresenting the phase of the oscillator j, PpiRepresents the phase of probe i; | ri,jL represents the distance between the phase center of the probe i and the phase center of the oscillator j; k represents a wave number; abs () represents the modulo functionThe number, angle () represents the take phase function and mod () represents the take remainder function.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring M elements with N probes one by one, respectively, comprises:
respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or
A single probe is used to move to different positions to measure the M transducers separately.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the condition that the M elements and the N probes are within the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is within the set beam width of all or a portion of the elements, and the probe is directed such that all or a portion of the elements are within the set beam width of the probe.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the position of each probe further comprises: the shortest distance from each probe to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
6. A phased array radar amplitude and phase consistency detection system, the system comprising:
the probe setting module is used for setting the N probes in a preset range, the preset range is determined according to the condition that the M vibrators and the N probes are mutually in the radiation range of each other, and M and N are integers larger than 1;
the initial data acquisition module is used for acquiring initial data of the M vibrators and the N probes, wherein the initial data comprises coordinate positions and pointing angles of the M vibrators, radiation patterns of the M vibrators and the N probes and phase center coordinate positions;
a measurement module for measuring M oscillators by using N probes one by one to obtain an amplitude set Ai,jAnd phase set Pi,j(ii) a Wherein i is an integer of 1 to NJ is an integer from 1 to M;
a magnitude and phase data calculation module for collecting A according to the magnitudei,jThe set of phases Pi,jAnd determining the amplitude and the phase of the M vibrators and the coordinate position and the pointing angle of the N probes by using a least square method according to the initial data.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the magnitude and phase data calculation module calculates the magnitude and phase data according to the following formula:
Ai,j＝ArjApiabs[Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j)]/|ri,j|
Pi,j＝mod[Prj+Ppi+angle(Dr(θj,ξi,j)Dp(ηi,ξi,j))-k|ri,j|,2π]
wherein Ar isjRepresenting the amplitude, Ap, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the amplitude, theta, of the probe ijRepresenting the pointing angle, η, of the vibrator jiRepresenting the pointing angle of the probe i; xii,jRepresenting the corresponding angle coordinate of the connecting line between the two; dr (theta)j,ξi,j) Representing the value of the radiation pattern of the vibrator j at the probe i, Dp (eta)i,ξi,j) Representing the value of a probe i directional diagram at a vibrator j, wherein the product of the probe i directional diagram and the vibrator j represents a three-dimensional vector inner product under the condition of an electromagnetic phased array, and represents a common product under the condition of an acoustic phased array; pr (Pr) ofjRepresenting the phase of the oscillator j, PpiRepresents the phase of probe i; | ri,jL represents the distance between the phase center of the probe i and the phase center of the oscillator j; k represents a wave number; abs () represents a modulo function, angle () represents a phase taking function, and mod () represents a remainder taking function.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the measurement module is specifically configured to:
respectively measuring M vibrators by utilizing N probes at different positions one by one; or
A single probe is used to move to different positions to measure the M transducers separately.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the condition that the M elements and the N probes are within the radiation range of each other is that the position of each probe is within the set beam width of all or a portion of the elements, and the probe is directed such that all or a portion of the elements are within the set beam width of the probe.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the position of each probe further comprises: the shortest distance from each probe to the vibrator array is more than 2d2And/λ, where d represents the dipole radiation aperture and λ represents the test wavelength.
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