CN111965389B - Vane-rotating pump pumping speed calibration device based on stm32 single-chip microcomputer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Vane-rotating pump pumping speed calibration device based on stm32 single-chip microcomputer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111965389B CN111965389B CN202010584222.8A CN202010584222A CN111965389B CN 111965389 B CN111965389 B CN 111965389B CN 202010584222 A CN202010584222 A CN 202010584222A CN 111965389 B CN111965389 B CN 111965389B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
- G01P21/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers
- G01P21/025—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers for measuring speed of fluids; for measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on stm32 single chip microcomputer and a using method thereof, wherein the calibration device comprises an upper computer, a lower computer and a mass flowmeter, and is characterized in that: still including test cover, oil bath and gas pitcher, the air inlet of rotary vane pump is connected with the gas pitcher through the test cover, has set gradually three-way valve, second pressure gauge, mass flow meter, flowmeter control valve, third pressure gauge and needle valve behind the gas pitcher, and the test is covered and is provided with the fourth pressure gauge, is provided with first thermometer, level measurement device and first pressure gauge on the gas pitcher, is provided with the second thermometer on the rotary vane pump. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: miniaturization, combination, intellectualization and energy conservation; by adopting a low-power consumption technology, the embedded system can be installed on the working site of the vacuum pump, and the measuring sensor and the transmitter are digital devices, so that the device is safe, non-toxic and pollution-free, and the detection precision and sensitivity are greatly improved; the anti-interference capability is strong, and the safety and the reliability are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and data acquisition, and particularly relates to a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on a stm32 single-chip microcomputer and a using method thereof.
Background
In the industries of petrochemical industry, vacuum coating and the like, the normal working relation of large-scale equipment such as a compressor, a vacuum pump and the like is important. In the production process of the industries, most raw materials are inflammable and explosive, and the working pressure of equipment is higher. Once the equipment is operated and deviates from the normal working condition, the danger is easy to occur to cause casualties and even large-scale environmental pollution. Therefore, there is a need to develop a system capable of monitoring the working parameters of large-scale equipment such as compressors and vacuum pumps in real time during working process.
Traditional parameter acquisition mostly adopts artificial mode to carry out, has the problem that the timeliness is poor, the scope is little, inefficiency, can not in time listen the operating condition of pump. The traditional rotary vane pump pumping speed measurement is also measured by using a McLeod compression vacuum gauge and a burette, the McLeod working medium is mercury, the mercury is a toxic and harmful substance, the damage to a human body can be caused by long-term use, and the requirement of environmental protection is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on a stm32 single chip microcomputer and a using method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibrating device based on stm32 singlechip, includes host computer, next machine and mass flow meter, its characterized in that: still include the test cover, oil bath and gas pitcher, the air inlet of spinning disk pump is connected with the gas pitcher through the test cover, gas pitcher bottom opening is detained in the oil bath, the three-way valve has set gradually from gas pitcher one side on the connecting pipeline between gas pitcher and the test cover, the second pressure gauge, mass flow meter, the flowmeter control valve, third pressure gauge and needle valve, the test is covered and is provided with the fourth pressure gauge, be provided with first thermometer on the gas pitcher, level measurement device and first pressure gauge, be provided with the second thermometer on the spinning disk pump, first to fourth pressure gauge, first thermometer, the second thermometer, mass flow meter, the motor of level measurement device and spinning disk pump all is connected with next electromechanical nature, the next machine is STM32F103ZET6 singlechip.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the upper computer is connected with the lower computer through a USB line, and the communication function of the upper computer and the lower computer is realized by introducing an RS485ModBusRTU protocol.
As a further improvement to the above, the three-way valve and the needle valve are electrically operated valves and are electrically connected to the lower machine.
As a further improvement to the scheme, a TFT color screen display circuit and a serial port communication circuit are further arranged on the lower computer.
The invention also provides a use method of the rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on the stm32 single chip microcomputer, which comprises the following steps:
step one, emptying the pipeline, and adjusting a three-way valve and a needle valve to balance the air pressure in a test cover and an air tank with the outside;
stabilizing the air flow, adjusting a three-way valve to communicate a test cover and an air tank, starting a rotary vane pump, setting a flow meter control valve to be 100% of opening, slowly adjusting a needle valve to be fully opened, and starting to record readings of a first pressure gauge, a fourth pressure gauge, a first thermometer, a second thermometer, a mass flow meter and a liquid level measuring device and the rotating speed of a rotary vane pump motor when the oil level in the air tank rises to a preset value;
step three, calculating and measuring the pumping speed S2，
Wherein K is the meter coefficient, T is the temperature coefficient, Q is the mass flow meter display flow, Q2Is the actual flow rate, P, of the mass flowmeter4The pressure in the test cover of the mass flowmeter is obtained by measuring through a fourth pressure gauge, n is the rated rotating speed of the rotary vane pumptIs the actual rotational speed of the vane pump;
step four, comparing and outputting S2Comparing with the pumping speed value provided by the manufacturer of the rotary vane pump in the corresponding state, wherein the absolute value of the difference value between the two values is less than 5% S2The upper computer outputs S2Taking the numerical value as a calibration pumping speed, and entering the step eight; otherwise, entering the step five;
step five, calculating and adjusting the pumping speed S of the needle valve1，
Let the pressure ratio be r,
wherein P is3Is the pressure at the downstream of the flow meter control valve and is measured by a third pressure gauge,
when r is less than or equal to 0.525,
wherein A is the sectional area of the small hole on the regulating needle valve, T1Is the temperature of the gas in the pipeline and is obtained by the measurement of a first thermometer;
when r >0.525 of the total weight of the composition,
step six, calculating the pumping speed S of the gas tank3，
Wherein, P2The real-time pressure in the gas tank is obtained by the real-time measurement data of the first pressure gauge during measurement, P1Is the initial pressure of the gas tank, obtained from the measured data of the first pressure gauge when the oil level in the gas tank reaches a preset value, V1The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank to the regulating needle valve when the oil level in the gas tank reaches a preset value, V2The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank to the needle valve is adjusted during measurement, and t is the time elapsed from the time when the oil level exceeds a preset value to the time during measurement;
step seven, outputting (S) by the upper computer1+S3) The/2 is used as the calibration pumping speed,
step eight, drawing a pumping speed curve by using the calibration pumping speed;
and step nine, repeating, namely setting the flow meter control valve to be 90% open, 80% open, 70% open, 60% open, 50% open, 40% open, 30% open, 20% open and 10% open, and repeating the step one to the step eight.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) and (4) miniaturization. A new miniature sensor and a miniature actuator are developed by a new technology, and are matched with a professional integrated circuit, a liquid crystal display and a high-energy battery to form a miniature instrument which can be installed on a single vacuum pump entity to realize field detection and real-time monitoring;
(2) and (4) combining. More instrument units are included, such as a detection unit, a display unit, an adjusting unit, a power supply unit and the like. The reliability is high, and the anti-interference capability is strong;
(3) and (4) intelligentizing. The STM32 embedded chip has powerful functions and wide coverage, can finish detection, display, control, printing and recording, can finish conversion, storage, transmission and reception of signals, particularly has the characteristics of intelligence and can finish judgment, analysis and operation of the signals;
(4) energy is saved. The use of low power technology allows the system to be developed for continuous operation in battery-operated mode for longer periods of time.
Compared with the existing data acquisition system, the system developed by the invention is mainly improved as follows: the embedded system can be installed on the working site of the vacuum pump, the measuring sensor and the transmitter are digital equipment, the embedded system is safe, non-toxic and pollution-free, and the detection precision and sensitivity are greatly improved; the anti-interference capability is strong, and the safety and the reliability are high; further software design can carry out deep analysis and processing on related data, and the flexibility degree of the system is improved.
In the production requiring the vacuum pump, sensors corresponding to various parameters are used on a production line, signals are transmitted into a single chip microcomputer, so that the parameters such as the temperature, the motor rotating speed, the pressure intensity, the flow rate and the motor power when the vacuum pump operates are collected, the collected results are analyzed and processed and compared with the preset parameters of the vacuum pump, then corresponding process decisions (such as alarming, stopping, feedback adjustment and the like) are made according to error signals, and the method plays an important role in the production process and the safety of the vacuum pump.
Because the existing mass flowmeter on the market is calibrated in the environment of a standard state (101325 Pa, 25 ℃), when the flowmeter is used for measuring the pumping speed of a vacuum pump, the gas pressure in a test cover is far lower than the atmospheric pressure (10-1000 Pa absolute pressure in the experiment) of the standard state, the gas density is low, and the flow is small. The gas flow measured by the flowmeter is realized by the pressure difference at two ends of a pipeline, and the measurement result of the existing flowmeter generates larger errors due to the installation mode of the measurement pipeline, the fluctuation of the gas flow, the temperature change and the like. And whether the reading of the flow meter is accurate determines the accuracy of the pump speed measurement. Therefore, the invention designs the flowmeter online calibration device in the rotary vane pump speed measurement based on the stm32 single chip microcomputer, and the pumping speed is measured online after the real-time calibration according to the pressure, the temperature and the real-time rotating speed of the motor under different working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a pin diagram of a TFT color screen display circuit.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of RS485 communication.
Fig. 4 is a serial communication circuit diagram.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The utility model provides a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibrating device based on stm32 singlechip, includes host computer 91, next machine 9 and mass flow meter 7, its characterized in that: still include the test cover 2, oil bath 31 and gas tank 3, the air inlet of rotor pump 1 is connected with gas pitcher 3 through the test cover 2, 3 bottom openings of gas pitcher are detained in oil bath 31, connecting pipeline between gas pitcher 3 and the test cover 2 has set gradually three-way valve 81 from gas pitcher 3 one side, second pressure gauge 42, mass flow meter 7, flow meter control valve 82, third pressure gauge 43 and needle valve 83, be provided with fourth pressure gauge 44 on the test cover 2, be provided with first thermometer on the gas pitcher 3, liquid level measurement device and first pressure gauge 41, be provided with second thermometer 62 on the rotor pump 1, first to fourth pressure gauge 44, first thermometer 61, second thermometer 62, mass flow meter 7, the motor 11 of liquid level measurement device and rotor pump 1 all with next computer 9 electric connection, next computer 9 is STM32F103ZET 6.
The liquid level measuring device is composed of a liquid level meter 51 and a liquid level transmitter 52, and can output a switching value when the liquid level in the gas tank 3 reaches the lower measuring limit of the liquid level transmitter 52, and output a height value in real time when the liquid level is higher than the lower measuring limit
The temperature is mainly acquired by an NTC 10K type thermistor temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is a copper resistance temperature sensor, which comprises a thermistor with different resistance values at different temperatures. The corresponding temperature value can be read out by measuring the resistance value of the thermistor and contrasting the temperature resistance value corresponding table.
The pressure acquisition mainly comprises a pressure transmitter and a 4-20 mA-to-0-3.3V conversion circuit. The pressure transmitter is a two-wire system output signal, and the + connecting terminal is connected with a1 pin of a connecting terminal CN1 of a 4-20 mA-to-0-3.3V conversion circuit; the connecting terminal is connected with a 2 pin of a connecting terminal CN1 of a 4-20mA to 0-3.3V conversion circuit; the output signal of the 4-20mA to 0-3.3V conversion circuit, namely the 2 pins of CN2, the four pressure transmitters are respectively connected with the PCO, PC1, PC2 and PC3 pins of the STM32F103ZET6 singlechip circuit, and the output signal of the 4-20mA to 0-3.3V conversion circuit, namely the 3 pins of CN2, is connected with the VSS grounding pin of the STM32F103ZET6 singlechip circuit.
The upper computer 91 is connected with the lower computer 9 through a USB line, and the communication function of the upper computer 9 and the communication function of the lower computer 9 are realized by introducing an RS485ModBusRTU protocol.
The three-way valve 81 and the needle valve 83 are electrically operated valves and are electrically connected to the lower machine 9.
The lower computer 9 is also provided with a TFT color screen display circuit and a serial port communication circuit. The 2 pin of the U340 chip in the serial communication circuit, namely the TXD pin, is connected with the USART1_ RXD (PA19) pin of the STM32F103ZET6 single chip microcomputer circuit, and the 3 pin of the U340 chip in the serial communication circuit, namely the RXD pin, is connected with the USART1_ TXD (PA10) pin of the STM32F103ZET6 single chip microcomputer circuit.
In the TFT color screen display circuit, pins 5, 7 and 9 of a pin bank p2 are connected with SPI1SCK, SPI1MPSI and SPI1MISO of an STM32F103ZET6 singlechip, pins 2 are grounded, pins 11 and 13 are connected with TOUCH _ CS and TOUCH PEN of a TOUCH screen, pin 8 is connected with a RESET RESET pin of an STM32F103ZET6 singlechip, pins 32, 30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 20, 18, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 27, 29 and 31 are respectively connected with pins D0-D15 of an FSMC TOUCH screen, pins 16, 14, 12 and 10 are respectively connected with NOE, A10, NE4 and NWE pins of the FSMC TOUCH screen, a pin 33 is connected with a 3.3V output pin of a power supply module, and a rear parallel capacitor C7 is connected with a pin 34 which is grounded.
Example 2
A use method of the rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on the stm32 single chip microcomputer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, emptying the pipeline, and adjusting a three-way valve 81 and a needle valve 83 to balance the air pressure in the test cover 2 and the air tank 3 with the outside;
stabilizing air flow, adjusting a three-way valve 81 to communicate a test cover 2 and an air tank 3, starting a rotary vane pump 1, setting a flow meter control valve 82 to be 100% in opening degree, slowly adjusting a needle valve 83 to be fully opened, and starting to record readings of a first pressure gauge 44, a fourth pressure gauge 61, a second temperature gauge 62, a mass flow meter 7 and a liquid level measuring device and the rotating speed of a motor 11 of the rotary vane pump 1 when the height of the oil level in the air tank 3 rises to a preset value;
step three, calculating and measuring the pumping speed S2，
Wherein K is the meter coefficient, T is the temperature coefficient, Q is the mass flow meter 7 display flow, Q2Is the actual flow rate, P, of the mass flow meter 74Is the pressure in the test cover 2 of the mass flowmeter 7 and is measured by a fourth pressure gauge 44, n is the rated rotating speed of the rotary vane pump 1, ntIs the actual rotational speed of the vane pump 1;
step four, comparing and outputting S2Comparing with the pumping speed value provided by the manufacturer of the rotary vane pump 1 in the corresponding state, wherein the absolute value of the difference value of the two is less than 5% S2The upper computer 91 outputs S2Taking the numerical value as a calibration pumping speed, and entering the step eight; otherwise, entering the step five;
step five, calculating and adjusting the pumping speed S of the needle valve 831，
Let the pressure ratio be r,
wherein P is3Is the pressure downstream of the flow meter control valve 82, measured by the third pressure gauge 43,
when r is less than or equal to 0.525,
at the same time
Q1＝C(P3-P4)
Wherein C is the viscous flow conductance at the small hole of the regulating needle valve 83, and can be known
Wherein M is the molar mass of the gas, when the gas is air, M is 29, R is the value 8.314 of an ideal gas constant, k is the ratio of the constant-pressure specific heat capacity and the constant-volume specific heat capacity of the air, and k is 1.4
Wherein A is the cross-sectional area of the small hole in the regulating needle valve 83, and T is1Is the temperature of the gas in the pipe, measured by a first thermometer 61;
when r >0.525 of the total weight of the composition,
wherein M is the molar mass of the gas, when the gas is air, M is 29, R is the value 8.314 of an ideal gas constant, k is the ratio of the constant-pressure specific heat capacity of the air to the constant-volume specific heat capacity, k is 1.4,
step six, calculating the pumping speed S of the gas tank 33，
Wherein Q is3Is the gas tank 3 flow
Wherein, P2Is the real-time pressure in the gas tank 3 during measurement, obtained from the real-time measurement data of the first pressure gauge 41, P1Is the starting pressure of the gas tank 3, obtained from the measurement data of the first pressure gauge 41 when the oil level in the gas tank 3 reaches a preset value, V1The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank 3 to the regulating needle valve 83 when the oil level in the gas tank 3 reaches a preset value, V2The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank 3 to the needle valve 83 during measurement, and t is the time elapsed from the time when the oil level exceeds a preset value to the time during measurement;
step seven, the upper computer 91 outputs (S)1+S3) The/2 is used as the calibration pumping speed,
step eight, drawing a pumping speed curve by using the calibration pumping speed;
and step nine, repeating, namely setting the flow meter control valve 82 to be 90% open, 80% open, 70% open, 60% open, 50% open, 40% open, 30% open, 20% open and 10% open, and repeating the steps from the first step to the eighth step.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a rotary vane pump pumping speed calibrating device's application method based on stm32 singlechip, rotary vane pump pumping speed calibrating device based on stm32 singlechip includes host computer, next machine and mass flow meter, still includes test cover, oil bath and gas pitcher, and the air inlet of rotary vane pump passes through the test cover with the gas pitcher is connected, gas pitcher bottom opening detain in the oil bath, the gas pitcher with on the connecting line between the test cover certainly gas pitcher one side has set gradually three-way valve, second pressure gauge, mass flow meter, flowmeter control valve, third pressure gauge and needle valve, be provided with the fourth pressure gauge on the test cover, be provided with first thermometer, liquid level measurement device and first pressure gauge on the gas pitcher, be provided with the second thermometer on the rotary vane pump, first pressure gauge to fourth pressure gauge, first pressure gauge thermometer, second thermometer, mass flow meter, The liquid level measuring device and the motor of the rotary vane pump are electrically connected with the lower computer, and the lower computer is an STM32F103ZET6 single chip microcomputer;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, emptying the pipeline, and adjusting a three-way valve and a needle valve to balance the air pressure in a test cover and an air tank with the outside;
stabilizing the air flow, adjusting a three-way valve to communicate a test cover and an air tank, starting a rotary vane pump, setting a flow meter control valve to be 100% of opening, slowly adjusting a needle valve to be fully opened, and starting to record readings of a first pressure gauge, a fourth pressure gauge, a first thermometer, a second thermometer, a mass flow meter and a liquid level measuring device and the rotating speed of a rotary vane pump motor when the oil level in the air tank rises to a preset value;
step three, calculating and measuring the pumping speed S2，
Wherein K is the meter coefficient, T is the temperature coefficient, Q is the mass flow meter display flow, Q2Is the actual flow rate, P, of the mass flowmeter4The pressure in the test cover of the mass flowmeter is obtained by measuring through a fourth pressure gauge, n is the rated rotating speed of the rotary vane pumptIs the actual rotational speed of the vane pump;
step four, comparing and outputting S2Comparing with the pumping speed value provided by the manufacturer of the rotary vane pump in the corresponding state, wherein the absolute value of the difference value between the two values is less than 5% S2The upper computer outputs S2Taking the numerical value as a calibration pumping speed, and entering the step eight; otherwise, entering the step five;
step five, calculating and adjusting the pumping speed S of the needle valve1，
Let the pressure ratio be r,
wherein P is3Is a flow meter controlThe pressure downstream of the valve, measured by a third pressure gauge,
when r is less than or equal to 0.525,
wherein A is the sectional area of the small hole on the regulating needle valve, T1Is the temperature of the gas in the pipeline and is obtained by the measurement of a first thermometer;
when r >0.525 of the total weight of the composition,
step six, calculating the pumping speed S of the gas tank3，
Wherein, P2The real-time pressure in the gas tank is obtained by the real-time measurement data of the first pressure gauge during measurement, P1Is the initial pressure of the gas tank, obtained from the measured data of the first pressure gauge when the oil level in the gas tank reaches a preset value, V1The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank to the regulating needle valve when the oil level in the gas tank reaches a preset value, V2The volume of gas from above the oil level in the gas tank to the needle valve is adjusted during measurement, and t is the time elapsed from the time when the oil level exceeds a preset value to the time during measurement;
step seven, outputting (S) by the upper computer1+S3) The/2 is used as the calibration pumping speed,
step eight, drawing a pumping speed curve by using the calibration pumping speed;
and step nine, repeating, namely setting the flow meter control valve to be 90% open, 80% open, 70% open, 60% open, 50% open, 40% open, 30% open, 20% open and 10% open, and repeating the step one to the step eight.
2. The use method of the rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on the stm32 single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper computer and the lower computer are connected through a USB line, and the communication function of the upper computer and the lower computer is realized by introducing an RS485ModBusRTU protocol.
3. The use method of the rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on the stm32 single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the three-way valve and the needle valve are electrically operated valves and are electrically connected with the lower computer.
4. The use method of the rotary vane pump pumping speed calibration device based on the stm32 single-chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: and the lower computer is also provided with a TFT color screen display circuit and a serial port communication circuit.
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