CN111964701A - Alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material and implementation method - Google Patents
Alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111964701A CN111964701A CN202010809104.2A CN202010809104A CN111964701A CN 111964701 A CN111964701 A CN 111964701A CN 202010809104 A CN202010809104 A CN 202010809104A CN 111964701 A CN111964701 A CN 111964701A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on an all-glass material, which comprises a vacuum container main body, an optical window, an evaporation prevention hole body, a filling transition pipe and an alkali metal sample, wherein other components except the alkali metal sample are all made of glass materials, and the vacuum container has the positive effects of small volume, light weight, easy integration, evaporation prevention and the like. The invention also discloses a method for realizing the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation problem in the filling process of the alkali metal sample and ensure the optical characteristics of the sample source and the tightness of the vacuum cavity. The invention can be widely used for various quantum sensors based on alkali metal atoms, including atom gravimeters, atom gravity gradiometers, atom gyroscopes, atom clocks and the like, and can obviously improve the integration level of the physical probe unit of the instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum sensing, in particular to an alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on an all-glass material, and also relates to an implementation method of the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material, which is suitable for the fields of gravity field precision survey, quantum navigation, atomic time-frequency reference and the like.
Technical Field
The quantum sensing technology is a series of sensing technologies based on brand new physical principles from the end of the 20 th century to the beginning of the century, and among them, the atomic gravimeter technology, the atomic gravity gradiometer technology, the atomic gyroscope technology and the atomic clock technology based on the atomic interferometer are the most important components. The extremely high precision and stability of the internal energy level and the transition spectral line of the atom determine that the atomic instrument taking the atomic instrument as a reference has the highest intrinsic measurement precision and stability. In recent years, the progress of quantum sensor engineering and practicality is further promoted by the development of laser technology and electronic integration technology, and various commercialized quantum sensors based on atomic interferometers represented by atomic gravimeters have been developed at home and abroad.
The physical probe of the quantum sensor takes a vacuum cavity filled with an atom sample as a core and is attached with accessories of light, electricity and a magnetic field. Therefore, the integration level of the vacuum cavity determines the integration level of the whole physical probe unit to a great extent, and further determines the volume and weight of the whole quantum sensor. The atomic vacuum sample source part is an important component of the vacuum cavity, and the miniaturization and integration of the sample source have very important significance for the integration of the physical probe of the quantum sensor.
The energy level structure of alkali metal atoms such as potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs) and the like is convenient for constructing a low-state two-energy-level system required by an atomic interferometer, has higher saturated vapor pressure at normal temperature, and is the most widely used elements in quantum sensors. However, the chemical properties of the elements are determined by the arrangement characteristics of electrons (the outermost layer has only 1 free electron), and the elements are extremely active and are very easy to react with oxygen and water vapor in the air so as to lose activity. Therefore, the alkali metal sample is usually sealed in the vacuum glass tube when being shipped from the factory, and a special process design is required for the process of filling the alkali metal sample into the vacuum cavity in the production process of the quantum sensor. The conventional alkali metal vacuum sample source and the implementation method thereof are shown in fig. 3, and generally comprise a vacuum container body 1, a sample container 10 and a sealing medium 11. The alkali metal sample 5 is sealed in a vacuum glass tube 9 under the initial condition, the vacuum glass tube 9 is placed in a sample container 10, the sample container 10 is processed by a metal material with lower hardness (such as oxygen-free copper), the vacuum container body 1 is connected with the sample container 10 through a sealing medium 11, the sealing medium 11 is also based on a softer metal material (oxygen-free copper ring or indium metal wire), a metal bolt 12 penetrates through the sample container 10 and the vacuum container body 1, and the sealing medium 11 is pressed by tightening the metal bolt 12 so as to realize sealing. The alkali metal vacuum sample source is connected with the main vacuum cavity 7 and vacuumized after sealing is finished, after vacuum preparation is finished, the outer side of the bottom of the sample container 10 (the position of the same height as the vacuum glass tube 9 sealed with the alkali metal sample 5) is extruded through external force, the sample container 10 is soft in texture, and the vacuum glass tube 9 is further crushed through deformation after extrusion, so that steam of the alkali metal sample 5 is released into the vacuum cavity. The alkali metal vacuum sample source comprises a large number of metal components, wherein the sample container 10 cannot be removed, and meanwhile, the connection among the components needs to use metal bolts 12, mounting holes and sealing media 11 to occupy a large amount of space.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an alkali metal atom vacuum sample source (except an alkali metal sample 5) based on an all-glass material and an implementation method thereof, and as (metal) parts such as a sample container 10, a sealing medium 11, a metal bolt 12 and the like are not used, the whole device becomes very simple, light and small, and great convenience is provided for the design and assembly of a main vacuum cavity 7, so that the invention has very important significance for the light weight and the practicability of a quantum sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, provides an alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on an all-glass material, and also provides a realization method of the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material, so as to solve the problems that the existing alkali metal atom vacuum sample source uses a large amount of redundant metal parts, so that the device is overlarge in size, overweight and unfavorable for the integration and the engineering of a physical probe part of a quantum sensor, and provide the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source which is simple, light and small in structure, and make contribution to the engineering and the practicability of the quantum sensor.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on full glass material, including the vacuum vessel main part, the one end of vacuum vessel main part is passed through the vacuum pore and is connected with main vacuum cavity, the window opening that the other end relative with the vacuum pore was provided with in the vacuum vessel main part, window opening seal mounting has the optics window piece, the one end of preventing the coating by vaporization hole body offsets with the internal surface of optics window piece, prevent the vacuum chamber intercommunication in coating by vaporization hole body other end and the vacuum vessel main part, prevent the coating by vaporization hole body and vacuum pore coaxial line, the upper portion of vacuum vessel main part is provided with the transition pipe trompil, the transition pipe trompil is connected with auxiliary container through filling the transition pipe, be provided with the vacuum glass pipe in the auxiliary container, be provided with alkali metal sample in the.
The filling transition pipe is vertically arranged, and the inner diameter of the filling transition pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the vacuum glass pipe.
The melting points of the bottom end and the top end of the filling transition pipe connected with the transition pipe opening of the vacuum container main body are gradually reduced.
The size of the inner wall of the section of the upper part of the auxiliary container is larger than that of the section of the vacuum glass tube, the lower part of the auxiliary container is closed to be the same as the size of the top end of the filling transition tube, and the melting point of the auxiliary container is the same as or similar to that of the top end of the filling transition tube.
The antireflection film is coated on the outer side of the optical window, the antireflection film is not coated on the joint of the inner side of the optical window and the edge of the hole outside the window opening, and the antireflection film is coated in the central area of the inner side of the optical window.
The surface shape accuracy of the contact portion between the inner side of the optical window and the opening outer edge of the window is not more than lambda/5, where lambda is the wavelength of the laser beam incident from the optical window to the vacuum container body.
The method for realizing the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material comprises the following steps:
and 6, fusing and removing the joint of the auxiliary container and the filling transition pipe, and enabling the top end of the filling transition pipe to be in a sealed state.
cleaning the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet by using ultrapure water, dipping sodium bicarbonate powder by using dust-free cloth, and repeatedly wiping the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet until the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body and the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet are completely covered by water and no impurity particles are found under strong light; in the bonding process, the relative position between the vacuum container main body and the optical window is fixed, the bonding solution is dripped on the surface to be bonded, after the outer side edge of the window opening hole on the vacuum container main body is contacted with the surface to be bonded of the optical window, the positions of the vacuum container main body and the optical window are adjusted by fingers, curing is waited, and the vacuum container main body and the optical window are stood for more than 24 hours after curing.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
after the vacuum sample source of alkali metal atoms is completed, the alkali metal sample 5 is in the main body of the vacuum container (in the conventional scheme, the alkali metal sample is in the sample container 10, or the sample container 10 is not removable), the sample container 10 in the conventional scheme is not needed, and the auxiliary container 8 used in the scheme is also removed. Therefore, redundant (metal) parts such as the sample container 10, the sealing medium 11, the metal bolt 12 and the like in the traditional scheme are eliminated, the parts made of full glass materials (except the alkali metal sample 5) are adopted, and the whole device is very simple, light and small;
the optical window 2 is plated with a double-sided antireflection film, so that on one hand, laser can be ensured to be injected into the main vacuum cavity at an extremely low loss rate, and on the other hand, the negative influence of stray light on the measurement of the sensor can be effectively reduced;
the deposition preventing hole 3 is provided, so that the deposition of the alkali metal sample 5 on the optical window 2 can be effectively inhibited, and the optical window 2 can still maintain a high transmittance after long-term use.
Although the glass welding and fusing method is used for multiple times in the scheme, the filling transition pipe 4 with gradually changed melting point is used, and the welding and fusing process is completed in the low-melting-point glass material part above the top of the filling transition pipe 4, so that the scheme enables the melting process to be very convenient on one hand, and enables each part below the filling transition pipe 4 to use quartz, microcrystalline glass and other materials with higher melting point and better performance on all aspects on the other hand, and the whole optical characteristic, the machinable characteristic, the low thermal expansion characteristic and the stable reliability are not influenced.
Although the alkali metal sample 5 is very active, in the implementation scheme, the alkali metal sample 5 is in contact with air for a short time in the process of putting the broken vacuum glass tube 9 into the auxiliary container 8, on one hand, the activity of the alkali metal sample 5 is greatly reduced at low temperature by freezing the vacuum glass tube 9 before breaking, so that the reaction of the alkali metal sample 5 and the air is greatly slowed down; on the other hand, after obtaining the vacuum (the alkali metal sample 5 is isolated from oxygen and water vapor), the outer wall of the auxiliary container 8 is heated so that the surface layer is oxidized and the portion reacting with water vapor does not become liquid during the melting of the alkali metal sample 5, and most of the sample having lost activity adheres to the inner wall of the auxiliary container 8 and does not flow into the vacuum container main body 1 during the downward flow of the melted alkali metal sample 5. During the final fusing of the auxiliary container 8, the melted portion (filling the top end of the transition pipe 4) will shrink under the effect of the difference between the internal and external air pressure (vacuum inside, standard atmospheric pressure outside) to close the pipe, so that the vacuum degree in the cavity is always maintained during the process. So the loss of the alkali metal sample 5 and the contamination of the vacuum chamber by the oxidizing (reactant) species is almost negligible during the whole process.
The optical window 2 and the vacuum container body 1 are bonded by an alkaline catalytic bonding technique. The traditional connection between glass materials mainly comprises welding, optical cement and bonding, the firmness and the stability of a welding means are the best, but the area near a welding surface can be deformed; the method of glue and bonding is not as robust and stable as the welding means, especially in this implementation, the sample source requires repeated melting and heating during the implementation process, which makes its adverse effects more significant. The alkaline catalytic bonding technology adopted by the scheme is a brand new chemical means, the method integrates the glass materials into a whole through the chemical means, the firmness and the stability which are similar to those of a welding method are achieved, and meanwhile, the optical and structural characteristics of the bonding surface are not damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection of a vacuum vessel main body, a filling transition pipe, an auxiliary vessel and a vacuum glass pipe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional vacuum source for alkali metal atoms.
In the figure:
1-a vacuum container body;
2-an optical window;
3-evaporation prevention hole body;
4-filling a transition pipe;
5-alkali metal sample;
6-vacuum pore channel;
7-main vacuum chamber;
8-an auxiliary container;
9-vacuum glass tube;
10-a sample container;
11-a sealing medium;
12-a metal bolt;
13-opening the window sheet;
14-a vacuum chamber;
15-opening the transition pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments for facilitating understanding and implementation of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and are not restrictive thereof.
One, alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material.
A. General of
As shown in fig. 1, the all-glass-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source includes a vacuum container body 1, an optical window 2, a deposition-preventing hole 3, a filling transition pipe 4, and an alkali metal sample 5. The vacuum container body 1, the optical window 2, the evaporation preventing hole body 3 and the filling transition pipe 4 are all made of glass materials (including optical glass, quartz, microcrystalline glass and the like).
The spatial position and the connection relation of each part are as follows:
one end of the vacuum container main body 1 is connected with the main vacuum cavity 7 through the vacuum pore passage 6, the other end of the vacuum container main body 1, which is opposite to the vacuum pore passage 6, is provided with a window sheet opening, the window sheet opening is hermetically provided with the optical window sheet 2, and the optical window sheet 2 plays the roles of laser passing and vacuum sealing at the same time. One end of the evaporation preventing hole body 3 penetrates through the opening of the window sheet to abut against the inner surface of the optical window sheet 2, the other end of the evaporation preventing hole body 3 is communicated with a vacuum chamber in the vacuum container main body 1, the evaporation preventing hole body 3 and the vacuum duct 6 are coaxial, the evaporation preventing hole body 3 and the vacuum duct 6 together form a laser propagation channel, and the evaporation preventing hole body plays a role in inhibiting the evaporation of the alkali metal sample 5 to the optical window sheet 2. The upper part of the vacuum container main body 1 is provided with a transition pipe opening which is connected with the bottom end of the filling transition pipe 4. The alkali metal sample 5 is located at the bottom of the vacuum chamber of the vacuum vessel body 1.
B. Each functional part
1) Vacuum vessel body 1
The vacuum container body 1 is a hollow cavity as shown in fig. 1, and the vacuum container body 1 is made of optical glass, quartz or microcrystalline glass by means of optical cement, gluing or machining. The area where the window opening of the vacuum container body 1 is in contact with the optical window 2 is precisely polished, the surface shape precision is below lambda/5, and lambda is the wavelength of the laser incident from the optical window 2 to the vacuum container body 1.
2) Optical window 2
The optical window 2 is an optical element shown in figure 1 and is made of optical glass, quartz or microcrystalline glass through precision polishing, and the surface precision of a region connected with the window opening on the vacuum container main body 1 reaches below lambda/5; the optical window 2 is coated with antireflection film on both sides, but the area connected with the vacuum container body 1 on the side where the optical window 2 is connected with the window opening on the vacuum container body 1 is not coated with film, and only the central area is coated with antireflection film.
3) Evaporation-proof hole body 3
The evaporation preventing hole body 3 is an element shown in fig. 1, is made of optical glass, quartz or microcrystalline glass, has two ring surfaces at two ends, is provided with a through hole in the middle, and is communicated with a vacuum chamber in the vacuum container body 1.
4) Filling transition pipe 4
The filling transition pipe 4 is a tubular glass element as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the inner diameter range of the filling transition pipe 4 is 2-5 mm, the inner diameter of the filling transition pipe 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the vacuum glass pipe 9, the filling transition pipe 4 is formed by sequentially welding a plurality of glass materials according to the sequence of melting points from high to low, the bottom end of the filling transition pipe is connected with the opening of the transition pipe of the vacuum container main body 1, the melting point of the material is highest, the melting point of the material at the top end is lowest, and the melting points of the filling transition pipe 4 and the bottom end to the top end of the opening of the transition pipe of the vacuum container.
5) Alkali Metal sample 5
The alkali metal sample 5 can be a natural abundance or isotope-purified potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs) neutral metal sample.
6) Auxiliary container 8
The auxiliary container 8 is a component as shown in fig. 2, the upper part of the auxiliary container 8 is hollow, the size of the inner wall of the cross section of the upper part of the auxiliary container 8 is slightly larger than the size of the cross section of the vacuum glass tube 9, the lower part of the auxiliary container 8 is closed to be a glass tube with the same size as the top end of the filling transition tube 4, and the auxiliary container is made of a low melting point glass material (such as 95 glass and the like) with the same or similar melting point as the top end of the filling. The top end of the auxiliary container 8 is in an open state in the initial condition, and after the vacuum glass tube 9 is pre-installed, the top end of the auxiliary container 8 is closed by melting.
7) Vacuum glass tube 9
The vacuum glass tube 9 is a tubular glass container as shown in fig. 2, the alkali metal sample 5 is poured in by a sample manufacturer when the vacuum glass tube 9 is shipped, and both ends of the vacuum glass tube 9 are closed to form the vacuum glass tube 9 containing the alkali metal sample 5, and the vacuum glass tube 9 containing the alkali metal sample 5 is arranged in the sample container 10.
8) Sample container 10
The sample container 10 is a component as shown in fig. 3, the bottom end of the sample container 10 is a closed end, the top end of the sample container 10 is an open end, a plane edge is arranged on the circumference of the open end of the sample container 10, a bolt mounting hole is arranged on the plane edge, an annular sealing medium 11 is arranged between the top surface of the plane edge and the bottom surface of the vacuum container body 1, a connecting bolt passes through the bolt mounting hole to be connected with the vacuum container body 1, through fastening connecting bolts, the top surface of the annular sealing medium 11 is in sealing abutment with the bottom surface of the vacuum container body 1, the bottom surface of the annular sealing medium 11 is in sealing abutment with the top surface of the plane edge, the open end of the sample container 10 is communicated with an opening at the bottom of the vacuum cavity at the bottom of the vacuum container body 1 through the area surrounded by the annular sealing medium 11, the opening at the bottom of the vacuum cavity is communicated with the vacuum cavity in the vacuum container body 1, and the sample container 10 is processed by a metal material with lower hardness (such as oxygen-free copper).
9) Sealing medium 11
The sealing medium 11 is a ring-shaped element as shown in fig. 3, and is made of a softer metal material, such as an oxygen-free copper ring or an indium metal ring, and is disposed between the bottom surface of the vacuum container body 1 and the top surface of the planar rim, so as to facilitate the vacuum sealing connection between the sample container 10 and the vacuum chamber in the vacuum container body 1 by crimping.
And secondly, a method for realizing the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material.
a. Implementation procedure
The method for realizing the alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on the all-glass material comprises the steps of auxiliary container 8 connection, sample pre-installation, vacuumizing, sample release and auxiliary container 8 fusing removal.
the auxiliary container 8 is made of low-melting-point glass material with the melting point same as or similar to that of the top end of the filling transition pipe 4, is connected with the filling transition pipe 4 arranged at the top of the vacuum container main body 1 through a welding method, and ensures the sealing of the connection position. The upper end of the auxiliary container 8 is in an open state.
the alkali metal sample 5 is initially sealed in the vacuum glass tube 9 by freezing the vacuum glass tube 9 with liquid nitrogen, then breaking one end of the vacuum glass tube 9, placing the vacuum glass tube 9 with one broken end upside down from the top end of the auxiliary container 8 into the auxiliary container 8, and sealing the top end of the auxiliary container 8 by welding.
starting a vacuum pump communicated with a main vacuum cavity 7, wherein the main vacuum cavity 7 is communicated with the vacuum container body 1 through a vacuum pore passage 6, so that the vacuum of the vacuum container body 1 is achieved<10-3The level of Pa.
the outer wall of the auxiliary container 8 is heated by hot air or baking, so that the unoxidized alkali metal sample 5 inside the vacuum glass tube 9 is melted into a liquid state, flows into the vacuum chamber of the vacuum container body 1 through the filling transition tube 4 under the action of gravity, and is deposited at the bottom of the vacuum chamber of the vacuum container body 1.
And 6, fusing and removing the auxiliary container 8:
the junction of the auxiliary container 8 and the filling transition tube 4 is fused and removed, and the top end of the filling transition tube 4 is brought into a sealed state.
In step 2, the optical window 2 is bonded with the window opening on the vacuum container body 1 by an alkaline catalytic bonding technology. Alkaline-catalyzed Bonding (Hydroxide-Catalysis Bonding) is a Bonding technique that relies on silica to generate orthosilicic acid in an alkaline environment, and then the orthosilicic acid polymerizes to generate a siloxane chain to bond adjacent surfaces together. The chemical process can be divided into three parts: hydroxide ion corrosion, polymerization, and dehydration. The operation process mainly comprises three steps of glass material cleaning, bonding solution preparation and glass component bonding.
Before bonding, the window opening outer side hole edge of the vacuum container body 1 and the surface to be bonded of the optical window 2 are thoroughly cleaned. Firstly, the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container body 1 and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet 2 are cleaned by ultrapure water, a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate powder is dipped by dust-free cloth to repeatedly wipe the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container body 1 and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet 2 until the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container body 1 and the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet 2 are completely covered by water and no impurity particles are found under strong light; in the bonding process, the relative position between the vacuum container body 1 and the optical window 2 is fixed, a certain amount of bonding solution (sodium silicate solution selected during operation, commonly called water glass) is dripped on a surface to be bonded, after the hole edge outside a window opening on the vacuum container body 1 is contacted with the surface to be bonded of the optical window 2, the positions of the vacuum container body 1 and the optical window 2 are slightly adjusted by fingers to ensure that the surfaces to be bonded are in close contact, curing is waited, and the bonded part can reach ideal use strength after standing for 24 hours in an ultra-clean environment.
In summary, the present invention provides an alkali metal atomic vacuum sample source (except for the alkali metal sample 5 itself) based on all-glass material and the implementation method thereof, since the sample container 10, the sealing medium 11, the metal bolt 12 and other (metal) components are not used, the whole device becomes very simple, light and small, and the design and assembly of the main vacuum chamber 7 are greatly facilitated. In the realization scheme of the vacuum sample source, the evaporation prevention hole body 3 is used for inhibiting the evaporation of the alkali metal sample (5) to the optical window (2); the filling transition pipe 4 and the auxiliary container 8 are used for solving the problem that the high-performance glass material has higher melting point and is not beneficial to melting; the use of freezing prior to pre-installation of the sample reduces the activity of the alkali metal sample 5, inhibits its rate of oxidation and reaction with water vapour, reduces its losses and contamination of the vacuum chamber; finally, the scheme uses an alkaline catalytic bonding means to realize the bonding of the vacuum container main body 1 and the optical window 2, greatly improves the bonding strength and stability, and ensures that the optical characteristics and the vacuum tightness of the optical window 2 can be still ensured in the repeated melting and heating processes.
The invention can be widely applied to atomic gravimeters, atomic gravity gradiometers, atomic gyroscopes and microwave atomic clocks based on atomic interferometer technology, and has important significance for the light weight, engineering and practicability of the quantum sensor.
The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains may make modifications to the described embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention or the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material, including vacuum vessel main part (1), its characterized in that, the one end of vacuum vessel main part (1) is passed through vacuum pore (6) and is connected with main vacuum cavity (7), the other end that is relative with vacuum pore (6) on vacuum vessel main part (1) is provided with window sheet trompil (13), window sheet trompil (13) seal installation has optical window piece (2), the one end of preventing evaporating plating hole body (3) offsets with the internal surface of optical window piece (2), prevent evaporating plating hole body (3) other end and vacuum chamber (14) intercommunication in vacuum vessel main part (1), prevent evaporating plating hole body (3) and vacuum pore (6) coaxial line, the upper portion of vacuum vessel main part (1) is provided with transition pipe trompil (15), transition pipe trompil (15) are connected with auxiliary container (8) through filling transition pipe (4), a vacuum glass tube (9) is arranged in the auxiliary container (8), and an alkali metal sample (5) is arranged in the vacuum glass tube (9).
2. The all-glass-material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filling transition tube (4) is vertically arranged, and the inner diameter of the filling transition tube (4) is smaller than the outer diameter of the vacuum glass tube (9).
3. The all-glass-material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 2, wherein the melting point of the filling transition tube (4) is gradually decreased from the bottom end to the top end of the transition tube opening connection of the vacuum vessel body (1).
4. The all-glass-material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 3, wherein the size of the inner cross-section wall of the upper part of the auxiliary container (8) is larger than that of the vacuum glass tube (9), the lower part of the auxiliary container (8) is closed to the same size as the top end of the filling transition tube (4), and the melting point of the auxiliary container (8) is the same as or similar to that of the top end of the filling transition tube (4).
5. The all-glass-material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical window (2) is coated with an anti-reflection coating on the outer side, the junction of the inner side of the optical window (2) and the outer side hole edge of the window opening (13) is not coated with an anti-reflection coating, and the central region of the inner side of the optical window (2) is coated with an anti-reflection coating.
6. The all-glass-material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source according to claim 1, wherein the face shape accuracy at the junction of the inner side of the optical window (2) and the outer side edge of the window opening (13) is λ/5 or less, where λ is the wavelength of the laser light incident from the optical window (2) to the vacuum vessel body (1).
7. The method for implementing the all-glass material based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, an optical window (2) is hermetically arranged in a window opening (13);
step 2, the auxiliary container (8) is welded with the filling transition pipe (4), and the top end of the auxiliary container (8) is in an open state;
step 3, freezing the vacuum glass tube (9) with the alkali metal sample (5) inside through liquid nitrogen, then breaking one end of the vacuum glass tube (9), inverting the vacuum glass tube (9) with one broken end and placing the vacuum glass tube into the auxiliary container (8) from the top end of the auxiliary container (8), sealing the top end of the auxiliary container (8) through a welding method,
step 4, starting a vacuum pump communicated with the main vacuum cavity (7), wherein the main vacuum cavity (7) is communicated with the vacuum container main body (1) through a vacuum pore passage (6), so that the vacuum of the vacuum container main body (1) is achieved<10-3Pa ofThe horizontal direction is parallel to the horizontal direction,
step 5, heating the outer wall of the auxiliary container (8) through hot air or baking to enable the unoxidized alkali metal sample (5) in the vacuum glass tube (9) to be melted into a liquid state, flowing into the vacuum chamber (14) of the vacuum container body (1) through the filling transition tube (4) under the action of gravity, and depositing on the bottom of the vacuum chamber (14) of the vacuum container body (1),
and 6, fusing and removing the joint of the auxiliary container (8) and the filling transition pipe (4), and enabling the top end of the filling transition pipe (4) to be in a sealed state.
8. The method for realizing the all-glass material-based alkali metal atom vacuum sample source as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step 1 comprises the following steps:
cleaning the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body (1) and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet (2) by using ultrapure water, dipping sodium bicarbonate powder by using dust-free cloth, and repeatedly wiping the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body (1) and the surface of the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet (2) until the outer side hole edge of the window sheet opening on the vacuum container main body (1) and the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet (2) are completely covered by water and no impurity particles are found under strong light; in the bonding process, the relative position between the vacuum container main body (1) and the optical window sheet (2) is fixed, the bonding solution is dripped on the surface to be bonded, after the outer side edge of the window sheet opening hole on the vacuum container main body (1) is contacted with the surface to be bonded of the optical window sheet (2), the positions of the vacuum container main body (1) and the optical window sheet (2) are adjusted by fingers, curing is waited, and the vacuum container main body and the optical window sheet (2) are stood for more than 24 hours after curing.
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| CN202010809104.2A CN111964701B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material and implementation method |
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| CN111964701B CN111964701B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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| CN202010809104.2A Active CN111964701B (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Alkali metal atom vacuum sample source based on all-glass material and implementation method |
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| CN102259825A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-30 | 清华大学 | Preparation method for micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) atomic vapor chamber and atomic vapor chamber |
| CN110015636A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of full glass alkali metal atom air chamber |
| CN110530353A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of alkali metal atom air chamber and its manufacturing method |
| CN111044560A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Method for rapidly evaluating service life of atomic gas chamber |
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| CN102259825A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-30 | 清华大学 | Preparation method for micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) atomic vapor chamber and atomic vapor chamber |
| CN110015636A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of full glass alkali metal atom air chamber |
| CN110530353A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of alkali metal atom air chamber and its manufacturing method |
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