CN111963132B - Water-plugging fracturing water-controlling oil-increasing method for newly drilled and encrypted well in middle stage of low-permeability water injection development - Google Patents
Water-plugging fracturing water-controlling oil-increasing method for newly drilled and encrypted well in middle stage of low-permeability water injection development Download PDFInfo
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- CN111963132B CN111963132B CN202010924063.1A CN202010924063A CN111963132B CN 111963132 B CN111963132 B CN 111963132B CN 202010924063 A CN202010924063 A CN 202010924063A CN 111963132 B CN111963132 B CN 111963132B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling water and oil in water plugging and fracturing of a newly drilled and consolidated well in the same layer in the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development, which comprises the steps of firstly, determining the extension rule of hydraulic fracturing artificial cracks in a consolidated zone, designing the crack scale reaching the target yield of a single well under the condition of a consolidated well pattern, determining main control factors influencing the hydraulic fracturing artificial cracks under the conditions of the current water injection situation of the consolidated zone, the ground stress and the like, preferably selecting a water plugging material, optimizing the pump injection time, the pump injection mode, the main fracturing construction method and the like, putting a single upper sealing pipe string for one-time continuous operation to complete fracturing construction, closing the well according to the property of the water plugging material, controlling the pumping intensity, and putting the pump for production after stabilization. The method is an effective way for improving the yield of a single well and controlling water content or flooding in a high water risk area, and has wider and wider application prospect along with the deployment and production of various large oil fields in an encryption mode in recent years, and the field of repeated fracturing can be expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a water plugging and fracturing control and oil increasing method for a newly drilled and encrypted well in the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development.
Background
The new drilling of the encrypted well in the mature development area can improve the overall development effect of the oil field and obtain more industrial crude oil on one hand; on the other hand, the method can save high cost investment for exploration, evaluation and the like of unknown blocks and reservoirs, and gradually becomes a favorable direction for effect improvement and development of oil fields. The newly drilled and encrypted well in the low-permeability water injection development area is generally in the middle development stage of an oil field, the accumulated water injection amount of the same layer (the original old well development main layer) is large, the formation pressure is kept relatively high, ideal industrial oil flow is difficult to obtain in a mine field by adopting a blockage removal type reservoir stratum transformation method such as perforation, acidification and the like, and a hydraulic fracturing mode is still needed. However, the whole of the encrypted well is smaller than the well spacing and the row spacing of the original primary well pattern, and is influenced by the old well cracks of the original primary well pattern and the long-term water injection, and the existing oil-water relationship is complicated, and the like, so that the hydraulic fracturing faces a new challenge. At present, conventional hydraulic fracturing such as a composite layer is adopted in the main body in China, the fracturing mainly adopts a single upper oil sealing pipe injection mode, and the scale of the artificial fracture of the hydraulic fracturing is controlled by optimizing construction parameters. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and short operation period; the disadvantage is that it is difficult to form the desired fracture size and single well production. Practice shows that: if the crack scale design is small, the single well yield is too low and the degression is large, so that the overall development effect is difficult to improve; if the crack scale design is large, the possibility that water flow formed by water injection easily passes through or drives the front edge by water is high, the risk of water breakthrough or flooding of the pressed oil well is high, and the cost of later-stage remedial measures is high and the effect is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the difficulties that the existing conventional fracturing process has limited single well yield space and large water-break or flooding risk for the encrypted well in the middle stage of hypotonic water injection development. The invention provides a method for controlling water and oil in water plugging and fracturing of a newly drilled and encrypted well in the same layer in the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development, which is an effective way for improving the yield of a single well and controlling water content or flooding in a high-visible-water risk area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling water and oil in water plugging and fracturing of a newly drilled and encrypted well in the same layer in the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, according to the analysis of crack test and production dynamics in the early-stage old well development process of the encryption zone, determining the basic law of the hydraulic fracture artificial crack extension of the block zone;
s2, obtaining the scale of the matched artificial fractures according to the oil deposit permeability characteristics of the encryption region and the yield requirement of a single well;
s3, analyzing and determining main control factors which influence the morphology of the hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture according to the reservoir characteristics of the target encrypted well;
s4, analyzing the beneficial area of the residual oil under the condition of the encrypted well pattern and the area with higher water-meeting risk under the condition of the current water injection according to the current development situation of the encrypted area;
s5, selecting a water plugging material, a water plugging material adding mode and time, a pre-liquid proportion and a pumping program according to the matching relation between the artificial crack extending direction and scale obtained in S1, S2 and S4 and the crack distribution space of the encryption area;
s6, optimizing construction discharge capacity and viscosity of fracturing fluid according to the main control factors of S3, and optimizing the amount of ground liquid and the amount of propping agent according to the crack scale requirement of S2;
and S7, setting the single upper sealing pipe string, performing fracturing construction according to a pump injection procedure, closing the well after pressing to solidify the water plugging material, controlling the pumping strength, and setting the pump for production after the pumping is dynamically stable.
As a further improvement of the invention, the basic law of the hydraulic fracture artificial fracture propagation described in the step S1 refers to the extension direction of the fracture, and the relationship between the extension direction of the fracture and the waterline and the water-driving front edge formed by water injection is mainly judged.
As a further improvement of the method, the artificial fracture scale in the step S2 is obtained by simulating according to the permeability and the permeability rule of the target layer of the low-permeability reservoir, and the single-well yield is required to reach a target set value.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the main control factors influencing the fracture morphology of the target encryption well described in step S3 are that the fracture morphology is analyzed through a bidirectional horizontal stress difference test, and the relationship between the fracturing fluid and the fracture length, the relationship between the storage isolation stress difference and the net pressure, and the construction displacement required for breaking through the isolation layer are obtained by combining the hydraulic fracturing condition of the old well in the same region.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the remaining oil favorable area and the high risk water-seeing area described in step S4 are derived from the fine reservoir description or production dynamics.
As a further improvement of the invention, the matching relation between the seam extending direction and scale and the seam arranging space of the encryption area in the step S5 is to judge whether the crack scale extends to the high water-break risk area.
As a further improvement of the invention, the water plugging material in the step S5 can plug a water flow channel or a high-permeability zone formed by water injection and automatically degrade crude oil to form an oil flow channel.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the adding manner of the water plugging material in step S5 is determined in time according to the relationship between the designed artificial crack and the high risk area of water:
if the designed artificial crack does not enter or is subjected to high-risk area with small scale, covering a water plugging material on a propping agent, injecting the propping agent during fracturing, wherein the amount of the propping agent is required to cover the high-risk area;
if the designed artificial fractures are subjected to high water exposure risk areas in a large scale or completely, water plugging materials and fracturing fluid are prepared together, the pad fluid is used for making fractures by the fracturing fluid with the water plugging materials, the pad fluid is covered on the wall surface of a reservoir stratum to selectively plug a water layer, the water plugging materials are further coated on propping agents to form propping oil flow channels, and then the propping agents are used for replacing and sealing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the key parameters of the construction described in step S6 refer to the length, width and height of the formed crack band and the size of the crack according to the design.
As a further improvement of the invention, the shut-in time and the suction strength in the step S7 are mainly determined by the performance of the water plugging material, the water plugging layer usually requires that the solidification time of the mine site is longer than the test measurement time, and the suction strength is controlled to avoid the outward discharge of the water plugging material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a water plugging and fracturing method combining the fracture scale required by improving the single well yield and plugging the water from a water injection well on the basis of utilizing the advantages of single upper seal conventional fracturing and aiming at improving the single well yield and controlling the water content. The method has three advantages that firstly, the method can improve the crack scale required by a single well aiming at the low-permeability reservoir; secondly, the water content rising can be effectively controlled aiming at the difficult problems of high water storage rate of the stratum formed by water injection development and large water breakthrough risk after fracturing, and the overall development and stable yield effects of the old oil field are improved by utilizing the characteristics of water injection, oil displacement and higher stratum energy maintenance; and thirdly, the existing conventional single-upper-sealing operation pipe string is adopted, extra special equipment and tools are not needed, the operation is simple, the operation period is short, and the construction risk is small. The designed crack space is increased 1/5 when the invention is applied on site, the yield of a single well is improved by 15.8 percent compared with that of an encrypted well in the same area after the invention is put into operation, and the comprehensive water content is reduced by 12.6 percent. And no additional construction equipment is added during fracturing operation, and the construction period is consistent with that of single-layer laminated fracturing.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not a whole embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention discloses a water-plugging fracturing control oil-increasing method for a newly-drilled encryption well at the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development, which is mainly used for improving the yield of a single well and avoiding water breakthrough or flooding of an oil well on the basis of a low-permeability reservoir seepage rule, a low-permeability reservoir production improving method, a water control method for encryption zone fracturing, a hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture extension rule and the like of a newly-drilled directional encryption well at the middle stage of low-permeability water injection development. Firstly, defining the extension rule of hydraulic fracturing artificial cracks in a dense area, designing the crack scale reaching the target yield of a single well under the condition of a dense well pattern, determining main control factors influencing the hydraulic fracturing artificial crack form under the conditions of the current water injection situation, the ground stress and the like of the dense area, preferably selecting a water plugging material, optimizing the pump injection time, the pump injection mode, the main fracturing construction method steps and the like, putting a single upper sealing pipe string for continuous operation to complete fracturing construction, closing the well (generally for 8 hours) according to the water plugging material property, controlling the pumping intensity, and putting the well for production after stabilization.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the analysis of crack test and production dynamics in the early-stage old well development process of the encryption zone, determining the basic law of the hydraulic fracture artificial crack extension of the block zone;
the basic law of the hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture extension in the step S1 mainly refers to the extension direction of the fracture, and the relationship between the extension direction of the fracture and a water line and a water drive front edge formed by water injection is mainly judged. The extension azimuth can be judged according to the previous testing data such as underground micro-earthquake, and the horizontal maximum principal stress azimuth can be judged, and if the testing data such as underground micro-earthquake are not available, the waterline direction judgment can be formed through the blocks.
S2, designing a scale matched with the artificial fractures according to the oil deposit permeability characteristics of the encryption region and the yield requirement of a single well;
specifically, the artificial fracture scale in step S2 is obtained by simulating with existing fracturing software according to the permeability, permeability law, and the like of the target zone of the low-permeability reservoir, and the single-well yield is required to reach the target set value.
S3, analyzing and determining main control factors which influence the morphology of the hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture according to the reservoir characteristics of the target encrypted well;
the fracture form of the target encrypted well is analyzed by testing the two-way horizontal stress difference of the main control factors influencing the fracture form of the target encrypted well; and (3) obtaining the relationship between the fracturing inlet fluid and the crack length, the relationship between the storage isolation stress difference and the net pressure, the construction displacement required by breaking through the isolation layer and the like by combining a fracturing software database with perfect hydraulic fracturing conditions of the old well in the same region.
S4, analyzing the beneficial area of the residual oil under the condition of the encrypted well pattern and the area with higher water-meeting risk under the condition of the current water injection according to the current development situation of the encrypted area; the beneficial areas of the residual oil and the high-risk water areas are obtained by fine reservoir description or production dynamic analysis.
S5, optimizing a water plugging material according to the matching relation between the extension direction and scale of the artificial cracks S1, S2 and S4 and the crack distribution space of the encryption area, and optimizing the adding mode and time of the water plugging material, the pre-liquid proportion, the pump injection program and the like;
further, the matching relationship between the seam extending direction and scale and the seam arranging space of the encryption area in the step S5 is to determine whether the designed seam scale extends to the high water-break risk area. The preferable water plugging material has good pumping performance, can plug a water flow channel or a high-permeability zone formed by water injection and automatically degrade crude oil to form an oil flow channel. The adding mode of the water plugging material is determined according to the relation between the designed artificial cracks and the high-risk area, if the designed artificial cracks do not enter or are subjected to the high-risk area in a small scale, the water plugging material is coated on a propping agent, the propping agent is injected firstly during fracturing, and the amount of the propping agent is required to cover the high-risk area; the designed artificial fractures are subjected to high water exposure risk areas in a large scale or completely, water plugging materials and fracturing fluid are prepared together, the pad fluid is used for making fractures by the fracturing fluid with the water plugging materials, the pad fluid covers the wall surface of a reservoir stratum to selectively plug a water layer, the water plugging materials are further coated on propping agents to form propping oil flow channels, and then the propping agents are used for replacing and sealing.
S6, optimizing key parameters such as construction displacement and fracturing fluid viscosity according to S3, and optimizing the amount of the ground liquid, the amount of the propping agent and the like according to the requirement of the scale of the S2 fracture;
further, the length, the width and the height of the crack belt formed by the key construction parameters in the step S6 are in accordance with the designed crack scale.
And S7, placing the single upper sealing pipe string, performing fracturing construction according to a pump injection procedure, closing the well for 8 hours after the well is pressed (the well can be set according to the curing time of the preferable water plugging material), controlling the pumping strength to be 70% of the pumping strength of the conventional fracturing, and placing the well into a pump for production after the pumping is dynamically stable.
Further, the shut-in time and the pumping strength in step S7 are mainly determined by the performance of the preferred water plugging material, and in order to effectively plug the water layer, the solidification time of the mine site is usually required to be longer than the test measurement time, and the pumping strength is controlled to avoid the outward discharge of the water plugging material.
The designed crack space is increased 1/5 when the method is applied on site, the yield of a single well is improved by 15.8 percent compared with that of an encrypted well in the same area after the method is put into operation, and the comprehensive water content is reduced by 12.6 percent. And no additional construction equipment is added during fracturing operation, and the construction period is consistent with that of single-layer laminated fracturing.
In a word, the invention belongs to the field of increasing single well yield in oil extraction engineering, and provides a method for increasing single well yield and controlling water and oil in water plugging and fracturing of a newly drilled and encrypted well in the middle of low-permeability water injection development.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided would be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego such subject matter, nor should the applicant consider that such subject matter is not considered part of the disclosed subject matter.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling water and oil in water plugging and fracturing of a newly drilled and encrypted well in the middle of low-permeability water injection development is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining the basic law of the extension of the hydraulic fracture artificial fracture in the encryption zone according to the analysis of fracture testing and production dynamics in the early-stage old well development process of the encryption zone;
s2, obtaining the scale of the matched artificial fractures according to the oil deposit permeability characteristics of the encryption region and the yield requirement of a single well;
s3, analyzing and determining main control factors which influence the morphology of the hydraulic fracturing artificial fracture according to the reservoir characteristics of the target encrypted well;
s4, analyzing the beneficial area of the residual oil under the condition of the encrypted well pattern and the area with higher water-meeting risk under the condition of the current water injection according to the current development situation of the encrypted area;
s5, selecting a water plugging material, a water plugging material adding mode and time, a pre-liquid proportion and a pumping program according to the matching relation between the artificial crack extending direction and scale obtained in S1, S2 and S4 and the crack distribution space of the encryption area;
s6, optimizing construction discharge capacity and viscosity of fracturing fluid according to the main control factors of S3, and optimizing the amount of ground liquid and the amount of propping agent according to the crack scale requirement of S2;
and S7, setting the single upper sealing pipe string, performing fracturing construction according to a pump injection procedure, closing the well after pressing to solidify the water plugging material, controlling the pumping strength, and setting the pump for production after the pumping is dynamically stable.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fundamental law of hydraulic fracture artificial fracture propagation in step S1 refers to the fracture extension direction, and the relationship between the fracture extension direction and the water line and the water-driving front edge formed by water injection is determined with emphasis on the determination of the fracture extension direction.
3. The method for water-plugging, fracturing, water-controlling and oil-increasing of the newly drilled and consolidated well in the middle of low-permeability water flooding development of claim 1, wherein the artificial fracture scale in step S2 is obtained by simulating according to the permeability and permeability law of the target zone of the low-permeability reservoir, and the yield of a single well is required to reach the target set value.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the major factors influencing the morphology of the artificial hydraulic fracturing fracture in step S3 are the fracture morphology analyzed by a bidirectional horizontal stress difference test, and the relationship between the length of the fracturing fluid and the fracture, the relationship between the storage stress difference and the net pressure, and the construction displacement required for breaking through the interlayer are obtained by combining the hydraulic fracturing conditions of the old well in the same area.
5. The method for water-plugging fracturing water-control oil-increasing of newly-drilled and consolidated well in the same layer in the middle stage of low-permeability waterflood development according to claim 1, wherein the areas with favorable residual oil and high water-breakthrough risk in the step S4 are obtained from the description or production dynamics of the fine oil reservoir.
6. The method for controlling water, fracturing and increasing oil of the same-layer water plugging of the newly drilled and cemented well in the middle stage of the low-permeability water flooding development according to claim 1, wherein the matching relationship between the extension direction and scale of the artificial fracture and the joint arrangement space of the cemented zone in the step S5 is used for judging whether the fracture scale extends to the high water-break risk zone.
7. The method for water plugging, fracturing, water controlling and oil increasing in the same layer as the newly drilled and consolidated well in the middle stage of development of low permeability water flooding according to claim 1, wherein the water plugging material in step S5 can plug a water flow channel or a high permeability zone formed by water flooding, and the water plugging material can automatically degrade to form an oil flow channel when encountering crude oil.
8. The method for controlling water and oil in the water plugging fracturing of the same layer of the newly drilled and consolidated well in the middle stage of the low permeability water flooding development according to claim 1, wherein the adding mode and the time of the water plugging material in the step S5 are determined mainly according to the relation between the designed artificial fracture and the high risk area of the water:
if the designed artificial crack does not enter or enters the high-risk area in a small scale, covering a water plugging material on a propping agent, injecting the propping agent during fracturing, wherein the amount of the propping agent is required to cover the high-risk area;
if the designed artificial cracks enter a high water-exposure risk area in a large scale or completely, the water plugging material and fracturing fluid are prepared together, the pad fluid is used for making cracks by using the fracturing fluid with the water plugging material, the pad fluid is covered on the wall surface of a reservoir stratum to selectively plug a water layer, the water plugging material is further coated on a propping agent to form a propping oil flow channel, and then the propping agent is used for replacing and sealing.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time for closing the well and the pumping strength in step S7 are mainly determined by the performance of the water plugging material, the time for curing the plugging water layer is usually required to be longer than the test time, and the pumping strength is controlled to avoid the outward discharge of the water plugging material.
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| US8746339B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-06-10 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Triggerable lost circulation material and method of use |
| CN105756651A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-07-13 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Positive-pressure-drilling water plugging and staged-fracturing production increasing process method for adjustment well |
| CA2961312C (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-06-16 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Horizontal fractures in various combinations of infill wells, injection wells, and production wells |
| CN110472276B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2022-08-26 | 成都理工大学 | Reconstruction optimization method for fractured oil and gas reservoir encryption well |
| CN111594130B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2022-06-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for integrated periodical production of encryption adjustment of pressure, injection and extraction |
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