CN111962571B - Dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of foundation pile - Google Patents
Dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of foundation pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111962571B CN111962571B CN202010672246.9A CN202010672246A CN111962571B CN 111962571 B CN111962571 B CN 111962571B CN 202010672246 A CN202010672246 A CN 202010672246A CN 111962571 B CN111962571 B CN 111962571B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile, which comprises the following steps: s1: applying a transient exciting force upwards along the axial direction of a pile body to a position, close to the pile top, of the foundation pile to be tested to generate an uplifting force for the foundation pile to be tested; s2: acquiring stress wave force and speed signals which are generated under the combined action of the transient exciting force and the rock soil around the pile and are transmitted along the pile body through sensors symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pile body of the foundation pile to be detected; s3: and analyzing and calculating the total anti-pulling friction force provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested and the anti-pulling dynamic friction force generated by the rock soil around the pile according to the stress wave force and the speed signal obtained in the step S2, deducting the anti-pulling dynamic friction force by the total anti-pulling friction force, and calculating the numerical value of the anti-pulling static friction force to obtain the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the foundation pile. The method can apply the dynamic test analysis to the test of the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile, and solves the problems of complicated flow and low efficiency of the existing test method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data analysis methods, and particularly relates to a dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile.
Background
Pile foundations, which is a term of art in building construction, is a foundation consisting of piles and a cap connected to the tops of the piles. If the pile body is completely buried in the soil and the bottom surface of the bearing platform is contacted with the soil body, the pile body is called a low bearing platform pile foundation; when the upper part of the pile body is exposed out of the ground and the bottom of the pile cap is positioned above the ground, the pile body is called a high pile cap pile foundation. Building pile foundations are typically low cap pile foundations.
The pile group foundation refers to a pile foundation consisting of more than two rows of piles, and the foundation pile refers to a single pile in the pile group foundation. At present, the foundation pile dynamic testing method is mature and applied to the field of foundation pile vertical compression-resistant bearing capacity detection, and has the advantages of no pile loading, convenience, rapidness, high safety coefficient, low testing cost and the like. However, in the field of vertical uplift bearing capacity detection of foundation piles at present, the traditional static load test is mainly adopted, and a method with an ideal effect is not available for applying a dynamic test method to vertical uplift bearing capacity detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic test analysis method for the uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile, which can be used for applying dynamic test analysis to the test of the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile and solves the problems of complicated flow and low efficiency of the existing test method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile comprises the following steps:
s1: applying a transient exciting force upwards along the axial direction of a pile body to a position, close to the pile top, of the foundation pile to be tested to generate an uplifting force for the foundation pile to be tested;
s2: acquiring force signals and speed signals of stress waves which are generated under the combined action of the transient exciting force and the rock soil around the pile and are transmitted along the pile body through sensors which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pile body of the foundation pile to be detected;
s3: and analyzing and calculating the total anti-pulling friction force provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested and the anti-pulling dynamic friction force generated by the rock soil around the pile according to the force signal and the speed signal of the stress wave acquired by the S2, and deducting the anti-pulling dynamic friction force by the total anti-pulling friction force so as to calculate the numerical value of the anti-pulling static friction force, wherein the numerical value of the static friction force is the numerical value of the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the foundation pile.
The principle of the method of the invention is as follows: the transient exciting force is applied to the position, close to the pile top, of the foundation pile to be tested to form the uplift force, stress waves propagated along the pile body of the foundation pile are generated, and the uplift resistance of the rock soil around the pile to be tested to the foundation pile to be tested is excited. And obtaining signals under the common influence of the exciting force and the uplift resistance generated by rock soil around the pile through sensors symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pile body of the foundation pile to be tested, thereby calculating and analyzing the vertical uplift bearing capacity of the single pile.
The S1 can adopt the following specific steps:
arranging a loading device at a position of the foundation pile to be tested, which is close to the pile top, and connecting the loading device with a foundation pile main reinforcement, an embedded reinforcement or other pile top reinforcing structures; transient exciting force is provided by the loading device and is applied to the pile top, so that uplift force is formed, and stress waves which are transmitted along the pile body of the foundation pile to be tested are generated.
The sensors in the step S2 include two or more even-numbered groups of sensors, and each group of sensors includes one each of a load cell and a speed sensor.
The invention relates to a dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile, wherein the calculation method of each parameter specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the average value of the force signal and the speed signal of the stress wave acquired by the sensor:
Fm＝(F1+F2+…Fn)/n
Vm＝(V1+V2+…Vn)/n
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Fm-the sensor measures the average value of the force signal;
F1,F2,…,Fn-each group of sensors measures a force signal value;
Vm-an average value of the sensor measured speed signal;
V1,V2,…,Vn-each set of sensors measuring a speed signal value;
n is the number of sensor sets;
(2) calculating the total uplift resistance of the pile surrounding rock soil to the foundation pile to be tested:
R＝Fm(t2)-ZVm(t2)＝2FU(t2)
t2＝t1+2L/c
Z＝ρcA
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
r is the total friction resistance to plucking;
Fm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of force signals by a time sensor;
z is pile body wave impedance;
Vm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of the speed signal by the time sensor;
FU(t2)——t2traveling waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
t1-the moment corresponding to the first peak of the transient excitation force signal;
t2the first peak returns to the moment corresponding to the measuring point after 2 times of the pile length propagation time;
l is the length of the lower pile at the measuring point (the actual length of the lower pile at the sensor mounting part);
c is the propagation speed of the stress wave in the pile body material;
rho is the pile body material density;
a-the cross section area of the pile body;
(3) calculating the pulling friction resistance provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested:
Rd＝2ZV0e-ηL/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Rd-resistance to plucking and rubbing;
V0exciting the velocity wave peak value of the dynamic frictional resistance generated by the rock soil around the pile;
eta is damping coefficient of rock soil around the pile;
(4) and (3) calculating the uplift resistance static friction resistance provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested, namely the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile:
FD(t1)＝(Fm(t1)+ZVm(t1))/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
RSthe uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile is improved;
FD(t1)——t1descending waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
Fm(t1)——t1measuring the average value of force signals by a time sensor;
Vm(t1)——t1the time sensor measures the average value of the speed signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the dynamic test method is applied to the field of foundation pile uplift bearing capacity detection, a set of dynamic test method effectively applied to foundation pile uplift bearing capacity is formed, the problems that the traditional static load test method is large in equipment, complex in process, low in efficiency, high in detection cost, insufficient in test samples and the like are solved, powerful supplement is provided for foundation pile uplift bearing capacity detection means, and test economy is remarkably improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile.
Reference numerals: 1-foundation pile to be tested; 2-transient excitation force; 3-a sensor; 4-rock soil around the pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The method for testing and analyzing the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a loading device at a position of the foundation pile to be tested, which is close to the pile top, and connecting the loading device with a foundation pile main reinforcement, an embedded reinforcement or other pile top reinforcing structures; providing transient exciting force through the loading device and applying the transient exciting force to the pile top so as to form uplift force and generate stress waves transmitted along the pile body of the foundation pile to be tested;
s2: acquiring force signals and speed signals of stress waves which are generated under the combined action of the transient exciting force and the rock soil around the pile and are transmitted along the pile body through sensors which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pile body of the foundation pile to be detected;
s3: analyzing and calculating the total anti-pulling friction force provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested and the anti-pulling dynamic friction force generated by the rock soil around the pile according to the force signal and the speed signal of the stress wave acquired by S2, and deducting the anti-pulling dynamic friction force by the total anti-pulling friction force so as to calculate the numerical value of the anti-pulling static friction force, wherein the numerical value of the static friction force is the numerical value of the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the foundation pile:
(1) calculating the average value of the force signal and the speed signal of the stress wave acquired by the sensor:
Fm＝(F1+F2+…Fn)/n
Vm＝(V1+V2+…Vn)/n
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Fm-sensor measurementAn average value of the force signal;
F1,F2,…,Fn-each group of sensors measures a force signal value;
Vm-an average value of the sensor measured speed signal;
V1,V2,…,Vn-each set of sensors measuring a speed signal value;
n is the number of sensor sets;
(2) calculating the total uplift resistance of the pile surrounding rock soil to the foundation pile to be tested:
R＝Fm(t2)-ZVm(t2)＝2FU(t2)
t2＝t1+2L/c
Z＝ρcA
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
r is the total friction resistance to plucking;
Fm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of force signals by a time sensor;
z is pile body wave impedance;
Vm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of the speed signal by the time sensor;
FU(t2)——t2traveling waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
t1-the moment corresponding to the first peak of the transient excitation force signal;
t2the first peak returns to the moment corresponding to the measuring point after 2 times of the pile length propagation time;
l is the length of the lower pile at the measuring point (the actual length of the lower pile at the sensor mounting part);
c is the propagation speed of the stress wave in the pile body material;
rho is the pile body material density;
a-the cross section area of the pile body;
(3) calculating the pulling friction resistance provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested:
Rd＝2ZV0e-ηL/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Rd-resistance to plucking and rubbing;
V0exciting the velocity wave peak value of the dynamic frictional resistance generated by the rock soil around the pile;
eta is damping coefficient of rock soil around the pile;
(4) and (3) calculating the uplift resistance static friction resistance provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested, namely the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile:
FD(t1)＝(Fm(t1)+ZVm(t1))/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
RSthe uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile is improved;
FD(t1)——t1descending waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
Fm(t1)——t1measuring the average value of force signals by a time sensor;
Vm(t1)——t1the time sensor measures the average value of the speed signal.
As shown in fig. 1, the pile diameter of the foundation pile 1 to be tested is 500mm, the wall thickness is 100mm, and the pile length is 50m, the dynamic test analysis method for the pile pulling resistance is adopted to test, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) applying transient exciting force 2 upwards along the axial direction of a pile body on a position, close to the pile top, of a foundation pile 1 to be tested to generate uplifting force on the foundation pile to be tested;
(2) symmetrically installing a plurality of groups of sensors 3 on two sides of a pile body 1m away from the pile top of the foundation pile to be detected, wherein each group of sensors 3 comprises 1 force measuring sensor and 1 speed measuring sensor, and acquiring force signals and speed signals of stress waves which are generated under the combined action of the transient exciting force 2 and the around-pile rock and soil 4 and are transmitted along the pile body;
(3) the cross section area A of the pile body of the foundation pile 1 to be tested is 0.1473m2The density rho of pile body material is 2.6t/m3Calculating the propagation speed c of the stress wave in the pile body material to be 4200m/s, and obtaining pile body wave impedance Z to be rho cA to be 1608kN s/m;
(4) the force and velocity signals of the stress wave measured by the sensors 3 are arithmetically averaged (F)m＝(F1+F2+…Fn)/n，Vm＝(V1+V2+…Vn) N), measuring t1At a time Fm(t1)＝2515kN，Vm(t1)＝1.56m/s，t2At a time Fm(t2)＝215kN，Vm(t2) 0.3m/s, and calculating the total resistance R ═ Fm(t2)-ZVm(t2)＝697kN；
(5) By the formula R ═ Fm(t2)-ZVm(t2)＝2FU(t2) To obtain FU(t2) Determining the damping coefficient eta of the pile surrounding rock soil to be 0.15 and calculating FD(t1)＝(Fm(t1)+ZVm(t1) 2) = 1254.24kN, and further calculating the anti-pulling static friction resistance:
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive, and any modifications or changes within the meaning and range of equivalents to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should be considered to be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of a foundation pile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: applying a transient exciting force upwards along the axial direction of a pile body to a position, close to the pile top, of the foundation pile to be tested to generate an uplifting force for the foundation pile to be tested;
s2: acquiring force signals and speed signals of stress waves which are generated under the combined action of the transient exciting force and the rock soil around the pile and are transmitted along the pile body through sensors which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pile body of the foundation pile to be detected;
s3: analyzing and calculating the total anti-pulling friction force provided by the rock soil around the pile to the foundation pile to be tested and the anti-pulling dynamic friction force generated by the rock soil around the pile according to the force signal and the speed signal of the stress wave acquired by S2, and deducting the anti-pulling dynamic friction force according to the total anti-pulling friction force so as to calculate the numerical value of the anti-pulling static friction force, wherein the numerical value of the static friction force is the numerical value of the anti-pulling bearing capacity of the foundation pile;
the sensors in the S2 comprise two or more groups of even-numbered sensors, and each group of sensors comprises one force measuring sensor and one speed measuring sensor;
the total resistance to plucking is calculated by the following method:
R＝Fm(t2)-ZVm(t2)＝2FU(t2)
t2＝t1+2L/c
Z＝ρcA
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
r is the total friction resistance to plucking;
Fm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of force signals by a time sensor;
z is pile body wave impedance;
Vm(t2)——t2measuring the average value of the speed signal by the time sensor;
FU(t2)——t2traveling waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
t1-the moment corresponding to the first peak of the transient excitation force signal;
t2the first peak returns to the moment corresponding to the measuring point after 2 times of the pile length propagation time;
l is the pile length under the measuring point;
c is the propagation speed of the stress wave in the pile body material;
rho is the pile body material density;
a-the cross section area of the pile body;
the pulling friction resistance is calculated by the following method:
Rd＝2ZV0e-ηL/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Rd-resistance to plucking and rubbing;
V0exciting the velocity wave peak value of the dynamic frictional resistance generated by the rock soil around the pile;
eta is damping coefficient of rock soil around the pile.
2. The dynamic test analysis method for the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is implemented by the following specific operations:
arranging a loading device at a position of the foundation pile to be tested, which is close to the pile top, and connecting the loading device with a foundation pile main reinforcement, an embedded reinforcement or other pile top reinforcing structures; transient exciting force is provided by the loading device and is applied to the pile top, so that uplift force is formed, and stress waves which are transmitted along the pile body of the foundation pile to be tested are generated.
3. The dynamic test analysis method for the uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile according to claim 2, wherein the uplift static friction resistance is calculated by the following method:
FD(t1)＝(Fm(t1)+ZVm(t1))/2
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
RSthe uplift bearing capacity of the foundation pile is improved;
FD(t1)——t1descending waves at the installation position of the time sensor;
Fm(t1)——t1time of day sensingMeasuring the average value of the force signal by the device;
Vm(t1)——t1the time sensor measures the average value of the speed signal.
4. The dynamic test analysis method for uplift bearing capacity of foundation pile according to claim 3, wherein F ismAnd VmThe arithmetic mean of the sensor measured force signal and the velocity signal, respectively, is:
Fm＝(F1+F2+…Fn)/n
Vm＝(V1+V2+…Vn)/n
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Fm-the sensor measures the average value of the force signal;
F1,F2,…,Fn-each group of sensors measures a force signal value;
Vm-an average value of the sensor measured speed signal;
V1,V2,…,Vn-each set of sensors measuring a speed signal value;
n-number of sensor sets.
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