CN111961487A - Low-rank coal oxygen-free upgrading grading and quality-classifying system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system for low-rank coal, belonging to the technical field of raw coke oven gas production; the technical problem to be solved is as follows: the low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system is provided, raw coke oven gas is generated by anaerobic cracking of the low-rank coal, the production cost is saved, and the production quality is improved; the technical scheme is as follows: the heat exchange furnace, the cooler, the rotary kiln, raw coal preheater, cyclone, total fan, the desulfurizing tower, whole circulation production system that raw coal conveyer and carrier output fan constitute is including, give the raw coke oven gas carrier with the heat transfer of high temperature combustion gas with heat conduction mode, the raw coke oven gas carrier gets into the rotary kiln under the closed anaerobic environment and reacts with the low order coal schizolysis and generates a large amount of raw coke oven gas, because the heat carrier is same resultant and doping impurity is few, avoided burning coal impurity and air impurity to the influence of product, the low order coal that consumes on the market forms the performance of enterprises.

Description

Low-rank coal oxygen-free upgrading grading and quality-classifying system

Technical Field

The invention discloses a grading and quality grading system for anaerobic upgrading of low-rank coal, belongs to the technical field of raw coke oven gas production, and particularly relates to a complete system for generating raw coke oven gas by anaerobic cracking of low-rank coal.

Background

The direct combustion of the low-rank coal has large pollution and more impurities, and most of production enterprises do not allow the low-rank coal to be used in recent years in response to national environmental protection policies, so a large amount of low-rank coal resources are accumulated in the market. The clean gas used by the combustion of the production system of our company needs to be purified from the raw gas, and in order to consider the production cost, the clean gas aims to be used and developed for producing the raw gas by using low-rank coal. The prior method for producing the raw gas by using the low-rank coal is mostly in an oxygen-deficient combustion mode, but the produced raw gas can be combusted only once due to low heat value and too many impurities of the low-rank coal, so that internal elements are wasted. The system for applying the raw coke oven gas carrier to the whole calcining circulation loop is developed in order to prevent the product quality from being reduced due to more impurities of the low-rank coal, the raw coke oven gas carrier adopts a heat exchange technology to obtain heat and supply the heat to the rotary kiln to crack the low-rank coal, and meanwhile, the quality of a gas product cannot be influenced due to the fact that the gas generated by cracking the low-rank coal in the rotary kiln is the raw coke oven gas with the same components, and the low-rank coal is subjected to anaerobic cracking to generate the raw coke oven gas.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and solves the technical problems that: the low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading system saves production cost and improves production quality.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the low-rank coal oxygen-free upgrading grading and quality grading system comprises a heat exchange furnace, a cooler, a rotary kiln, a raw coal preheater, a cyclone dust collector, a main fan, a desulfurizing tower, a raw coal conveyor and a carrier output fan;

the heat exchange furnace comprises a furnace body, a carrier supply chamber, a mixing chamber, an interlayer, a carrier channel, a high-temperature combustion channel, an air supply cavity and a high-temperature gas pipeline, wherein the furnace body is of a sealed chamber structure built by refractory bricks, one side of the furnace body is the carrier supply chamber, the other side of the furnace body is the mixing chamber, the middle part of the furnace body is divided into a plurality of airflow channels through a plurality of interlayers, the airflow channels are divided into the carrier channel and the high-temperature combustion channel which are arranged at intervals, two ends of each carrier channel are respectively communicated with the carrier supply chamber and the mixing chamber, two ends of each high-temperature combustion channel are sealed, one side inside the furnace body is provided with the air supply cavity, the air supply cavity is provided with an air conveying pipe communicated with the outside of the furnace body, the air supply cavity is respectively communicated with the high-temperature combustion channels through a plurality of combustion-supporting gas supply pipes, the high-temperature gas pipeline is arranged outside the furnace, the carrier supply chamber is connected with a carrier supply pipeline, a carrier output fan is installed in the mixing chamber, an inlet of the carrier output fan corresponds to the mixing chamber, an outlet of the carrier output fan is connected with an inlet end of a carrier conveying pipeline, and the high-temperature combustion channels are communicated with a flue gas discharge pipe arranged outside the furnace body through pipelines;

the raw coal preheater comprises a shell, a feeding groove, a distributing cover, a distributing table, a waste heat utilization pipe, a blanking groove and a waste gas discharge pipe, wherein the feeding groove is arranged at the upper part of the shell, the blanking end of a raw coal conveyor is arranged at the upper end inlet of the feeding groove, the distributing cover is fixedly hoisted in the feeding groove through a plurality of connecting rods and is of a round-table type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, a blocking ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell corresponding to the lower end edge of the distributing cover, the upper part of the blocking ring is provided with an inclined plane, the bottom end of the inclined plane and the lower end of the distributing cover form a first blanking circular seam, the distributing table is of a round-table type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and a closed lower end, the upper part of the distributing table is fixed at the inner lower part of the distributing cover through a plurality of connecting plates, an air outlet gap supported by a plurality of, the second blanking circular seam is positioned below the first blanking circular seam, a plurality of flow guide holes are uniformly formed in the inner side of the blocking ring, the upper ends of the flow guide holes correspond to the first blanking circular seam, the lower ends of the flow guide holes correspond to the second blanking circular seam, a conical blanking groove is formed in the lower portion of the shell, the outlet of the lower end of the blanking groove is communicated with the feeding end of the rotary kiln, one end of a waste heat utilization pipe is communicated with a flue gas discharge pipe of the heat exchange furnace, the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe extends into the blanking groove in the shell, the outlet of the waste heat utilization pipe is aligned with the bottom surface of the shunting table, one end of a waste gas discharge pipe extends into the feeding groove of the shell and penetrates through and is fixed inside the material distribution cover, the other end of the waste gas discharge pipe is communicated with the inlet of a;

the outlet of the lower end of the charging chute of the raw coal preheater is communicated with the feeding end of the rotary kiln, the feeding end of the rotary kiln is further connected with a finished product gas supply pipeline, a mixing chamber of the heat exchange furnace is communicated with the discharging end of the rotary kiln through a carrier conveying pipeline and a carrier output fan, the discharging end of the rotary kiln is further provided with a cooler, one side of the cooler is connected with a cold air fan through a cold air pipe, the other side of the cooler is provided with a hot air pipe, and a finished product conveyor is arranged below the discharging port of the cooler.

The cooler comprises a shell, the upper end of the shell is an open feeding port, a connecting flange is arranged on the feeding port, the lower end of the shell is a funnel-shaped discharge port, the lower part of the shell is fixedly arranged on a frame body, the inner upper part of the shell is an air cooling area, the inner lower part of the shell is a water cooling area, the outer side walls of the two sides of the shell in the air cooling area are respectively provided with a sealing air box, a plurality of air cooling pipes are uniformly and transversely arranged in the air cooling area, the two ends of each air cooling pipe penetrate through the outer part of the shell and are respectively positioned in the two sealing air boxes, one sealing air box is connected with a draught fan through a pipeline, the other sealing air box is connected with a waste heat collecting pipe, the upper part of the water cooling area is hermetically fixed with an upper sealing plate, the inner lower part of the water cooling area is hermetically fixed with a lower sealing plate, a sealed water, the top fixed mounting of upper seal plate has the bearing plate, and fixed mounting has a plurality of open standpipe from top to bottom on the bearing plate, and the upper end of a plurality of standpipes is fixed on the bearing plate and the upper end is not higher than the bearing plate upper surface, and the bearing plate upper surface that does not set up the standpipe all is provided with prevents the windrow awl point, and a plurality of standpipe lower extremes run through upper seal plate and lower seal plate, the outer wall sealing connection of upper seal plate and lower seal plate and a plurality of standpipes.

The carrier output fan comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, fan blades and an air feeding ring, the motor is fixedly installed on the roof of the heat exchange furnace, the output shaft of the motor points downwards, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of fan blades, the rotating shaft is of an inner hollow sleeve structure and an outer hollow sleeve structure with the lower end closed, an inner hollow tube of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved inside an outer hollow tube, the inner hollow tube and the outer hollow tube are coaxially arranged, the inner portions of the plurality of fan blades are blades of a double-layer sealing cavity structure, the lower ends of the inner hollow tube and the outer hollow tube of the rotating shaft are both communicated with a sealing cavity of the fan blades, the air feeding ring is movably sleeved on the upper portion of the rotating shaft and is fixed on the motor through a plurality of connecting sheets, the air feeding ring is of an annular structure and is internally provided with an annular air flow cavity, the air flow cavity is, the lateral surface of air feed ring is equipped with the air outlet nozzle just the air outlet nozzle is linked together with the left air cavity in air current chamber, goes into the air outlet nozzle and is connected with into the trachea, and the air outlet nozzle is connected with the outlet duct, and pivot one side is equipped with in the intercommunication hollow tube and its outside blow vent just the blow vent does not communicate with outer hollow tube, and the pivot opposite side is equipped with the outer hollow tube of intercommunication and its outside mouthful of disappointing, the blow vent all with the ring mounted position of supplying air corresponding with mouthful position of disappointing, it has through mouthful and two through mouthful rotation walking route that all lie in blow vent and disappointing mouthful to open respectively on both sides on the air feed.

Install the distributing device on the lower extreme export of raw coal preheater's charging chute, the distributing device is including sealed shell, the distributing pipe, adjust pole and adjust knob, sealed shell upper end sealing connection raw coal preheater's charging chute lower part and its lower extreme sealing connection rotary kiln entry end, the interior upper portion of sealed shell is equipped with the fixed plate, the discharge gate that is equipped with through-hole and raw coal preheater on the fixed plate stretches into sealed shell cavity of resorption through this through-hole in, upper end one side of distributing pipe articulates on the fixed plate, and inside the discharge gate of raw coal preheater stretched into the distributing pipe entry end, the exit end of distributing pipe stretches into the inside inner wall that corresponds the rotary kiln of rotary kiln, the one end of adjusting the pole articulates at the middle part of distributing pipe, the other end of adjusting the pole runs through sealed shell outer wall and through nut formula adjust knob.

And a purification system is arranged on the finished gas supply pipeline.

And the carrier supply pipeline of the heat exchange furnace is communicated with the finished gas supply pipeline.

And the hot air pipe of the cooler is communicated with an air delivery pipe of the heat exchange furnace.

And a dust removal device is arranged in the carrier supply chamber of the heat exchange furnace.

The coal pre-heater is characterized in that a material guide inclined plate is arranged on the inner wall of the middle lower portion of a shell of the raw coal pre-heater and located under a second blanking circular seam, a plurality of stirring mechanisms are mounted on the shell and comprise a guide pipe, a push block, a push rod and a pressing plate, the guide pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, an outlet of the guide pipe corresponds to the material guide inclined plate, the push rod is movably mounted in the guide pipe, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the push block, the other end of the push rod penetrates through the outer portion of the shell and is hinged to the pressing plate, the upper end of the pressing plate is hinged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the heat exchange furnace is arranged, the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas is transferred to the raw gas carrier in a heat conduction manner, the raw gas carrier enters the rotary kiln under a closed oxygen-free environment and is subjected to cracking reaction with low-rank coal to generate a large amount of raw gas, and the heat carrier is the same product and is doped with few impurities, so that the influence of combustion coal impurities and air impurities on products is avoided, the production quality is improved, the production cost of enterprises is greatly saved, the consumption of a large amount of non-renewable energy sources is saved, and the consumption of the low-rank coal in the market forms enterprise benefits;

2. according to the invention, the raw coal is firstly fed into the preheater before entering the rotary kiln, the raw coal is dried and preheated by the gas with the waste heat and then fed into the rotary kiln, the dried materials are uniformly laid, the production quality of the product is more balanced, and the production quality of the product is improved, the drying preheater fully utilizes and controls the flow directions of the waste heat gas and the raw coal particles in a plurality of pipelines, so that the raw coal and the waste heat gas are more fully contacted, the preheating effect is better, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected;

3. the distribution device controls the length of the adjusting rod by rotating the adjusting knob so as to push the inclination angle of the distribution pipe, thereby accurately controlling the distance between the discharge end of the distribution pipe and the inner wall of the rotary kiln, realizing accurate paving of the thickness of raw coal and improving the quality stability of products.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a heat exchange furnace according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a raw coal preheater according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a carrier output fan according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an air feeding ring and a rotating shaft of the carrier output fan according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooler of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a material distribution device according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-7, the low-rank coal oxygen-free quality-improving grading and quality-separating system comprises a heat exchange furnace 1, a cooler 2, a rotary kiln 3, a raw coal preheater 4, a cyclone dust collector 5, a main fan 6, a desulfurizing tower 7, a raw coal conveyor 8 and a carrier output fan 9;

the heat exchange furnace 1 comprises a furnace body 101, a carrier supply chamber 102, a mixing chamber 103, an interlayer 104, a carrier channel 105, a high-temperature combustion channel 106, an air supply chamber 107 and a high-temperature gas pipeline 108, wherein the furnace body 101 is a sealed chamber structure built by refractory bricks, the carrier supply chamber 102 is arranged on one side of the furnace body 101, the mixing chamber 103 is arranged on the other side of the furnace body 101, the middle part of the furnace body 101 is divided into a plurality of air flow channels by the interlayer 104, the air flow channels are divided into the carrier channel 105 and the high-temperature combustion channel 106 which are arranged at intervals, two ends of each carrier channel 105 are respectively communicated with the carrier supply chamber 102 and the mixing chamber 103, two ends of each high-temperature combustion channel 106 are sealed, one side inside the furnace body 101 is provided with a layer of air supply chamber 107, the air supply chamber 107 is provided with an air delivery pipe 109 communicated with the outside the furnace body, the air supply chamber 107 is respectively communicated with the high-temperature combustion, the high-temperature gas pipeline 108 is arranged outside the furnace body 101 and is respectively communicated with the high-temperature combustion channels 106 through a plurality of high-temperature gas supply pipes 111, the carrier supply chamber 102 is connected with a carrier supply pipeline 112, a carrier output fan 9 is installed in the mixing chamber 103, an inlet of the carrier output fan 9 corresponds to the mixing chamber 103, an outlet of the carrier output fan is connected with an inlet end of the carrier conveying pipeline 10, and the high-temperature combustion channels 106 are all communicated with a flue gas discharge pipe arranged outside the furnace body 101 through pipelines; the width of the carrier channels 105 is smaller than the width of the high temperature combustion channels 106.

The interlayer 104 is formed by assembling a plurality of same template blocks, each template block is of a square plate-shaped structure, the middle parts of two adjacent edges of each template block are provided with fillets which are identical in structure and triangular in cross section, the middle parts of the other two edges of each template block are provided with grooves which are identical in structure and triangular in cross section, the fillets and the grooves on the two opposite edges of each template block are matched, and the two adjacent template blocks on the interlayer 104 are connected in an embedded mode through the fillets and the grooves which are correspondingly matched. Four edges of two surfaces of the template block are provided with raised lines. Two sides of the template block are provided with two crossed convex edges, and the crossed point is positioned at the center of the template block. The combination of the convex strips and the convex ribs ensures that the template block looks like a thick and heavy plate block, and a plurality of shallow grooves are dug on the side surface, so that the template block also reduces the self weight on the premise of meeting the bearing pressure. The connection points of the four template blocks on the interlayer plate form crossed embedded blocks through four convex strips, the embedded blocks on the opposite surfaces of the two oppositely arranged interlayers 104 are correspondingly matched, a plurality of supporting rods are connected between the two oppositely arranged interlayers 104, embedded grooves matched with the embedded blocks are arranged at the two ends of the supporting rods, and the two ends of the supporting rods are fixedly connected with the two interlayers 104 through the embedded blocks and the embedded grooves in a matched and embedded mode.

A plurality of template blocks form a whole block of interlayer 104 through the matched insertion strip and groove combination, and are arranged in the heat exchange furnace 1, so that the structure is simple, the assembly is fast and convenient, and the cost is low. The raised lines on the edges of the template blocks can be used as reinforcing ribs to enable the whole interlayer to have stronger impact resistance, and the raised lines widen the width of the side face of the template block, so that the embedding of the embedded lines and the grooves can be more stable, and the interlayer 104 is prevented from being broken due to the heat absorption expansion or heat release contraction of the gas on the two sides of the interlayer 104. The bracing piece can carry out spacing fixed to two relative interlayers 104 on the one hand, and on the other hand has then realized the locking to the meeting point of four template blocks through abaculus and caulking groove, has further strengthened modularization interlayer 104's steadiness.

The raw coal preheater 4 comprises a shell 401, a feeding groove 402, a distributing cover 403, a distributing table 404, a waste heat utilization pipe 405, a blanking groove 408 and an exhaust gas discharge pipe 406, wherein the feeding groove 402 is arranged at the upper part of the shell 401, the blanking end of a raw coal conveyor 8 is arranged at the upper end inlet of the feeding groove 402, the distributing cover 403 is fixedly hung in the feeding groove 402 through a plurality of connecting rods 410, the distributing cover 403 is a circular truncated cone type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, a blocking ring 409 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 401 corresponding to the lower end edge of the distributing cover 403, the upper part of the blocking ring 409 is provided with an inclined plane, the bottom end of the inclined plane and the lower end of the distributing cover 403 form a first blanking circular seam, the distributing table 404 is a circular truncated cone type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and a closed lower end, the upper part of the distributing table 404 is fixed at the inner lower part of the distributing cover 403 through a plurality of, a second blanking circular seam is formed between the outer edge of the lower end of the diversion table 404 and the lower end of the blocking ring 409, the second blanking circular seam is positioned below the first blanking circular seam, a plurality of guide holes 411 are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the blocking ring 409, the upper ends of the guide holes 411 correspond to the first blanking circular seam, the lower end of the guide holes corresponds to the second blanking circular seam, a conical blanking groove 408 is arranged on the lower portion of the shell 401, the lower end outlet of the blanking groove 408 is communicated with the feeding end of the rotary kiln 3, one end of the waste heat utilization pipe 405 is communicated with the flue gas discharge pipe of the heat exchange furnace 1, the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe 405 extends into the blanking groove 408 in the shell 401, the outlet of the waste heat utilization pipe is aligned with the bottom surface of the diversion table 404, one end of the waste gas discharge pipe 406 extends into the feeding groove 402 of the shell 401 and is fixedly penetrated in the material distribution cover 403, the other end of the waste gas discharge, the outlet of the main fan 6 is communicated with a desulfurizing tower 7;

the outlet of the lower end of a charging chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4 is communicated with the feeding end of the rotary kiln 3, the feeding end of the rotary kiln 3 is further connected with a finished product gas supply pipeline 11, a mixing chamber 103 of the heat exchange furnace 1 is communicated with the discharging end of the rotary kiln 3 through a carrier conveying pipeline 10 and a carrier output fan 9, the discharging end of the rotary kiln 3 is further provided with a cooler 2, one side of the cooler 2 is connected with a cold air fan through a cold air pipe, the other side of the cooler is provided with a hot air pipe, and a finished product conveyor 13 is arranged below the discharging port of the cooler 2.

The cooler 2 comprises a shell 201, the upper end of the shell 201 is an open feeding port 211, a connecting flange 212 is installed on the feeding port, the lower end of the shell 201 is a funnel-shaped discharging port 213, the lower part of the shell 201 is fixedly installed on a frame body 214, the upper inner part of the shell 201 is an air cooling area 202, the lower inner part of the shell 201 is a water cooling area 203, the outer side walls of the two sides of the shell 201 of the air cooling area 202 are respectively provided with a sealing air box 204, a plurality of air cooling pipes 205 are uniformly and transversely arranged in the air cooling area 202, the two ends of each air cooling pipe 205 penetrate through the outer part of the shell 201 and are respectively positioned in the two sealing air boxes 204, one sealing air box 204 is connected with an induced draft fan through a pipeline, the other sealing air box 204 is connected with a waste heat collecting pipe 206, the upper part of the water cooling area 203 is fixedly sealed with an upper sealing plate 207, the, the lower part of the sealed water tank is connected with a water pump through a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe 215 is installed on the upper part of the sealed water tank, a bearing plate 209 is fixedly installed above the upper sealing plate 207, a plurality of vertical pipes 210 which are vertically open are fixedly installed on the bearing plate 209, the upper ends of the vertical pipes 210 are fixed on the bearing plate 209, the upper ends of the vertical pipes are not higher than the upper surface of the bearing plate 209, the upper surface of the bearing plate 209 which is not provided with the vertical pipes 210 is provided with anti-stacking conical tips, materials can slide into the vertical pipes 210 along the anti-stacking conical tips, accumulation on the bearing plate 209 is avoided, the lower ends of the vertical pipes 210 penetrate through the upper sealing plate 207 and the lower sealing plate 208, and the upper sealing plate 207 and.

The carrier output fan 9 comprises a motor 901, a rotating shaft 902, fan blades 903 and an air feeding ring 904, the motor 901 is fixedly installed on the roof of the heat exchange furnace, the output shaft of the motor 901 points downwards, the rotating shaft 902 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 901, the lower end of the rotating shaft 902 is provided with a plurality of fan blades 903, the rotating shaft 902 is of an inner and outer hollow sleeve structure with the lower end closed, an inner hollow tube 921 of the rotating shaft 902 is fixedly sleeved inside an outer hollow tube 922 and the inner and outer hollow tubes are coaxially arranged, the plurality of fan blades 903 are blades of a double-layer sealed cavity structure, the lower ends of the inner hollow tube 921 and the outer hollow tube 922 of the rotating shaft 902 are both communicated with a sealed cavity of the fan blades 903, the upper part of the rotating shaft 902 is movably sleeved with the air feeding ring 904, the air feeding ring 904 is fixed on the motor 901 through a plurality of connecting pieces 905, the air feeding ring, the air flow chamber 906 is divided into a left air cavity and a right air cavity through two partition plates 907, the outer side surface of the air supply ring 904 is provided with an air inlet nozzle 908 which is communicated with the right air cavity of the air flow chamber 906, the outer side surface of the air supply ring 904 is provided with an air outlet nozzle 909 which is communicated with the left air cavity of the air flow chamber 906, the air inlet nozzle 908 is connected with an air inlet pipe 910, the air outlet nozzle 909 is connected with an air outlet pipe 911, one side of the rotating shaft 902 is provided with an inner hollow pipe 921 and an outer air vent 923 which are communicated with the inner hollow pipe 921 and the outer hollow pipe 922, the other side of the rotating shaft is provided with an outer air vent 922 and an outer air vent 924 which are communicated with the outer hollow pipe 922, the positions of the air vent 923 and the air vent 924 correspond to the installation position of the air supply ring 904, and two through ports 904 are respectively arranged on the rotating walking. An air inlet one-way valve is installed on the air vent 923, and an air outlet one-way valve is installed on the air outlet 24 of the air vent 9. The rotating shaft 902 and the fan blade 903 are both made of heat-resistant stainless steel materials, and fire-resistant paint is coated outside the heat-resistant stainless steel materials. The contact surface of the air feeding ring 904 and the rotating shaft 902 is provided with a plurality of sliding balls. The contact surface of the air feeding ring 904 and the rotating shaft 902 is provided with a sealing ring.

A material distribution device 414 is arranged on the outlet of the lower end of the charging chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4, the distributing device 414 comprises a sealing shell 4141, a distributing pipe 4142, an adjusting rod 4143 and an adjusting knob 4144, wherein the upper end of the sealing shell 4141 is hermetically connected with the lower part of the charging chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4, the lower end of the sealing shell 4141 is hermetically connected with the inlet end of the rotary kiln 3, the inner upper part of the sealing shell 4141 is provided with a fixing plate 4147, the fixing plate 4147 is provided with a through hole, the discharge hole of the raw coal preheater 4 extends into the lower chamber of the sealing shell 4141 through the through hole, one side of the upper end of the distributing pipe 4142 is hinged, and the discharge port of the raw coal preheater 4 extends into the inlet end of the distributing pipe 4142, the outlet end of the distributing pipe 4142 extends into the rotary kiln 3 and corresponds to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3, one end of the adjusting rod 4143 is hinged in the middle of the distributing pipe 4142, and the other end of the adjusting rod 4143 penetrates through the outer wall of the sealing shell 4141 and is fixedly connected with the sealing shell 4141 through the nut type adjusting knob 4144.

The product gas supply pipeline 11 is provided with a purification system 12.

The carrier supply conduit 112 of the heat exchange furnace 1 communicates with the product gas supply conduit 11.

The hot air pipe of the cooler 2 is communicated with the air delivery pipe 109 of the heat exchange furnace 1.

A dust removing device is installed in the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1.

The inner wall of the middle lower part of the shell 401 of the raw coal preheater 4 is provided with a material guide inclined plate 412, the material guide inclined plate 412 is positioned under the second blanking circular seam, the shell 401 is provided with a plurality of stirring mechanisms 413, each stirring mechanism 413 comprises a guide pipe, a push block, a push rod and a pressing plate, the guide pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 401, an outlet of the guide pipe corresponds to the material guide inclined plate 412, the push rod is movably arranged in the guide pipe, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the push block, the other end of the push rod penetrates through the outer part of the shell 401 and is hinged to the pressing plate, the upper end of the pressing plate is hinged to the outer.

The working process is as follows:

at the beginning of system startup, idling the rotary kiln 3, introducing the raw coal into the rotary kiln 3 for combustion by a burning device according to a quantitative coal gas ratio to consume oxygen in the whole system and discharge other gases, so as to reduce impurities in the system, supplying the raw coal into the rotary kiln 3 through a raw coal conveyor 8 after the impurities are removed, cracking the raw coal by residual heat in the rotary kiln 3 to generate a small amount of raw coal gas, introducing the raw coal gas into a carrier supply chamber 102 of a heat exchange furnace 1, and starting the whole system;

an airflow path: the high-temperature combustion gas enters a high-temperature combustion channel 106 of the heat exchange furnace 1 through a high-temperature gas pipeline 108, an air supply chamber 107 at one side of the heat exchange furnace 1 also supplies air to the interior of the high-temperature combustion channel 106 to serve as combustion-supporting gas, so that the high-temperature combustion gas is combusted to generate a large amount of heat energy, the raw gas generated in the rotary kiln 3 is introduced into a carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1 to serve as a carrier, the raw gas carrier enters a raw gas carrier channel under the suction action of a carrier output fan 9, the raw gas carrier and the high-temperature combustion gas are subjected to isolated heat exchange in the heat exchange furnace 1 to become a high-temperature raw gas carrier without impurities, the high-temperature raw gas carrier carries a large amount of heat energy, the raw gas carrier is conveyed into the rotary kiln 3 through a carrier conveying pipeline 10 and is contacted with raw coal in the rotary kiln 3 under the action of the carrier output fan 9 to crack the low-level coal to generate a large amount of raw gas, the, therefore, the generated raw gas product is relatively stable and pure, the raw gas product is sent into the purification system 12 through the finished gas supply pipeline 11 to be purified or separated and then is supplied to each demand system for use, and because the system of the invention also demands the raw gas as a heat energy carrier, a small part of the raw gas product directly enters the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1 again through the carrier supply pipeline 112 and enters the carrier channel 105 again to exchange heat with the high-temperature combustion gas;

raw coal route: the raw coal conveyer 8 feeds the raw coal into the raw coal preheater 4, the raw coal falls on the material distributing cover 403 in the material feeding tank 402 and slides to the outer edge surface of the bottom of the diversion table 404 along the first blanking circular seam, and then falls on the material guiding inclined plate 412 through the second blanking circular seam, the raw coal on the material guiding inclined plate 412 slowly slides to the blanking tank 408 and is paved with a certain thickness on the inner wall, the raw coal is in a blanking state as shown in fig. 3, the waste heat utilization pipe 405 introduces high-temperature gas with waste heat from the heat exchange furnace 1 into the blanking tank 408, the waste heat gas hits the bottom of the diversion table 404 and is shunted to the periphery to dry and preheat the raw coal on the material guiding inclined plate 412, meanwhile, the interior of the blanking tank 408 is filled to preheat the raw coal on the inner wall, after the air pressure reaches a certain value, the waste heat gas can find a bursting opening, because the thickness of the material at the diversion hole 411 is the smallest, the waste heat gas can enter the diversion hole 411, similarly, when the residual heat gas exits the diversion holes 411, the next burst opening found is the gas outlet gap supported by the plurality of connection plates 407, and finally the residual heat gas is changed into waste gas which is discharged from the waste gas discharge pipe 406 above and is treated and discharged by a cyclone dust collector, a desulfurizing tower and the like after completing the preheating work, and the preheated and dried material is sent into the rotary kiln 3 for cracking through the adjusted material distribution device; before feeding into the rotary kiln 3, determining the thickness of the raw coal paved on the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 according to the requirement of product quality specification, then screwing the adjusting knob 4144, extending or shortening the length of the adjusting rod 4143 in the sealing shell 4141, pushing and pulling the distributing pipe 4142, enabling the distance between the bottom end of the distributing pipe 4142 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 to reach a preset distance, and when the raw coal falls onto the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 through the distributing pipe 4142, the thickness of the raw coal is uniform and cannot exceed a preset value, so that the accurate paving of the raw coal thickness is realized, and the product quality stability is improved; and (3) after the cracking of the raw coal in the rotary kiln 3 is finished, a coking product is generated and is sent to the cooler 2 for cooling, the cooler combines air cooling and water cooling, so that the cooling effect is better and the efficiency is higher, and finally the solid coking product is sent to a finished product collecting bin through a finished product conveyor 13.

The high-temperature gas of the high-temperature gas supply pipe 111 can be generated by burning clean gas formed by purifying raw gas generated by the production system, and can form a set of circulating self-sufficient system with the raw gas production system.

After the raw coal falls on the material guide sloping plate 412, the control system controls the pressing plate of the stirring mechanism 413 to repeatedly move up and down and repeatedly push and pull the push block through the push rod, so that the raw coal on the material guide sloping plate 412 is stirred, the raw coal is in more sufficient contact with residual heat gas, and the preheating and drying effects are better.

The adjusting method of the material distributing device 414 in the invention comprises the following steps: before feeding materials into the rotary kiln 3, determining the thickness of the materials paved on the inner wall of the rotary kiln according to the requirements of product quality specifications, and then screwing a nut of an adjusting knob 4144, so that the length of an adjusting rod 4143 in a sealing shell is extended or shortened, a micro-push-pull distributing pipe 4142 is realized, the distance between a discharge port at the bottom end of the distributing pipe 4142 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 reaches a preset distance, when the materials fall onto the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 through the distributing pipe 4142, the thickness of the materials is uniform and cannot exceed a preset value, accurate paving of the material thickness is realized, and the product quality stability is improved.

According to the carrier output fan 9, a traditional horizontal fan is changed into a vertical fan which is hoisted, the rotating shaft is sleeved with the air supply ring, the air supply ring is fixed, the rotating shaft rotates, the air supply ring continuously supplies cold air to the rotating shaft through the air vent, and hot air after heat exchange is discharged from the air release port, so that continuous air cooling of the high-temperature indoor fan is realized, and due to continuous rotation of the rotating shaft, the air in the right air cavity of the air flow cavity 906 is in an air stack pressure state, and the pressure is higher when the air flow cavity is in butt joint with the air vent 923, so that the air flow in each channel can be effectively pushed to flow.

The material of the cooler 2 in the invention falls into the air cooling area 202 from the material inlet 211 of the shell 201, the induced draft fan continuously sends air to a sealed air box 204, the gas in the sealed air box 204 flows into another sealed air box 204 from a plurality of air cooling pipes 205, the material continuously descends among a plurality of air cooling pipes 205, air cooling is realized in the air cooling area 203, the air temperature after air cooling heat exchange is 500 plus materials 600 ℃, the air can be directly sent into the system to be mixed and combusted with combustion gas or coal gas, the residual temperature is reused, energy is saved, consumption is reduced, the material continuously descends to the bearing plate 209 and then is shunted to each vertical pipe 210 to continuously descend, as the pipe body of the vertical pipe 210 is positioned in the sealed water tank, the water in the sealed water tank is cooled, the material can reach the cooling standard, the material is directly sent to the finished product collecting area, and the hot water can be sent to other places for; the material is cooled by a combined mode of air cooling and water cooling, the cooling effect is good, and the heat conduction is gradual changed, so that the material cooling quality is good and stable; the air-cooled high-temperature gas can be recycled by the supply system for residual heat utilization, and the water-cooled high-temperature water can be recycled.

The cracking of the low-rank coal is completely not contacted with the outside, the generated raw coke oven gas is provided with a special purification treatment system, most of the gas is fully utilized and cannot be utilized, the gas is also treated in the system to reach the emission standard, the high-temperature combustion gas in the heat exchange furnace 1 is subjected to heat exchange and then is subjected to waste heat utilization, and finally the high-temperature combustion gas is treated by the cyclone dust collector 5, the main fan 6 and the desulfurizing tower 7 to reach the emission standard and then is discharged, so that the environment is protected and safe.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The grading and quality-classifying system for the anaerobic upgrading of the low-rank coal is characterized in that: comprises a heat exchange furnace (1), a cooler (2), a rotary kiln (3), a raw coal preheater (4), a cyclone dust collector (5), a main fan (6), a desulfurizing tower (7), a raw coal conveyor (8) and a carrier output fan (9);

the heat exchange furnace (1) comprises a furnace body (101), a carrier supply chamber (102), a mixing chamber (103), an interlayer (104), a carrier channel (105), a high-temperature combustion channel (106), an air supply cavity (107) and a high-temperature gas pipeline (108), wherein the furnace body (101) is of a sealed chamber structure built by refractory bricks, the carrier supply chamber (102) is arranged on one side of the furnace body (101) and the mixing chamber (103) is arranged on the other side of the furnace body, the middle part of the furnace body (101) is divided into a plurality of airflow channels through the interlayers (104), the airflow channels are divided into the carrier channel (105) and the high-temperature combustion channel (106) which are arranged at intervals, two ends of each carrier channel (105) are respectively communicated with the carrier supply chamber (102) and the mixing chamber (103), two ends of each high-temperature combustion channel (106) are sealed, one air supply cavity (107) is arranged on one side inside the furnace body (101, an air delivery pipe (109) communicated with the outside of the furnace body is arranged on the air supply cavity (107), the air supply cavity (107) is respectively communicated with the high-temperature combustion channels (106) through a plurality of combustion-supporting gas supply pipes (110), a high-temperature gas pipeline (108) is arranged outside the furnace body (101) and is respectively communicated with the high-temperature combustion channels (106) through a plurality of high-temperature gas supply pipes (111), a carrier supply pipeline (112) is connected onto the carrier supply chamber (102), a carrier output fan (9) is installed in the mixing chamber (103), the inlet of the carrier output fan (9) corresponds to the mixing chamber (103), the outlet of the mixing chamber is connected with the inlet end of the carrier delivery pipe (10), and the high-temperature combustion channels (106) are all communicated with a flue gas discharge pipe arranged outside the furnace body (101) through pipelines;

the raw coal preheater (4) comprises a shell (401), a feeding groove (402), a material distribution cover (403), a distribution table (404), a waste heat utilization pipe (405), a blanking groove (408) and a waste gas discharge pipe (406), wherein the feeding groove (402) is arranged at the upper part of the shell (401), the blanking end of a raw coal conveyor (8) is arranged at the upper end inlet of the feeding groove (402), the material distribution cover (403) is fixedly hung in the feeding groove (402) through a plurality of connecting rods (410), the material distribution cover (403) is of a circular truncated cone type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, a blocking ring (409) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell (401) corresponding to the lower end edge of the distribution cover (403), the upper part of the blocking ring (409) is provided with an inclined plane, the bottom end of the inclined plane and the lower end of the distribution cover (403) form a first blanking circular seam, and the distribution table (404) is, the upper part of the flow distribution table (404) is fixed at the inner lower part of the material distribution cover (403) through a plurality of connecting plates (407), an air outlet gap supported by the connecting plates (407) is reserved between the flow distribution cover (403) and the flow distribution table (404), a second blanking annular seam is formed between the outer edge of the lower end of the flow distribution table (404) and the lower end of the blocking ring (409), the second blanking annular seam is positioned below the first blanking annular seam, a plurality of flow guide holes (411) are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the blocking ring (409), the upper ends of the flow guide holes (411) correspond to the first blanking annular seam, the lower end of the shell (401) is provided with a conical blanking groove (408), the lower end outlet of the blanking groove (408) is communicated with the feeding end of the rotary kiln (3), one end of the waste heat utilization pipe (405) is communicated with a flue gas discharge pipe of the heat exchange furnace (1), the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe (405) extends into the blanking groove (408) in the shell (401), and the outlet of the waste utilization pipe is aligned with the bottom surface of, one end of the waste gas discharge pipe (406) extends into the feeding groove (402) of the shell (401) and penetrates through and is fixed in the material distribution cover (403), the other end of the waste gas discharge pipe (406) is communicated with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector (5), an outlet of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected with the main fan (6), and an outlet of the main fan (6) is communicated with the desulfurizing tower (7);

the raw coal preheater is characterized in that a blanking chute (408) lower end outlet of a raw coal preheater (4) is communicated with a feeding end of a rotary kiln (3), the feeding end of the rotary kiln (3) is further connected with a finished product gas supply pipeline (11), a mixing chamber (103) of a heat exchange furnace (1) is communicated with a discharging end of the rotary kiln (3) through a carrier conveying pipeline (10) and a carrier output fan (9), a cooler (2) is further installed at the discharging end of the rotary kiln (3), a cold air fan is connected to one side of the cooler (2) through a cold air pipe, a hot air pipe is arranged on the other side of the cold air fan, and a finished product conveyor (13) is installed below a discharging port of the cooler (.

2. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: cooler (2) includes casing (201), the upper end of casing (201) is open pan feeding mouth (211) and installs flange (212) on the pan feeding mouth, the lower extreme of casing (201) is hopper-shaped discharge gate (213), the lower part fixed mounting of casing (201) is on support body (214), the interior upper portion of casing (201) is air cooling district (202) and interior lower part is water cooling district (203), be equipped with one sealed gas box (204) on casing (201) both sides lateral wall of air cooling district (202) respectively, even horizontal a plurality of air cooling pipes (205) that are provided with in air cooling district (202), air cooling pipe (205) both ends all run through to casing (201) outside and lie in two sealed gas boxes (204) respectively, one of them sealed gas box (204) is connected with through the pipeline, another sealed gas box (204) is connected with waste heat collecting pipe (206), the sealed upper portion is fixed with upper seal plate (207) and the sealed lower part is fixed with lower draught fan (208) in water cooling district (203) The utility model discloses a sealing water tank, form between upper seal plate (207) and lower seal plate (208), sealing water tank's lower part is connected with the water pump through the inlet tube, and outlet pipe (215) are installed on sealing water tank's upper portion, the top fixed mounting of upper seal plate (207) has bearing plate (209), fixed mounting has a plurality of open standpipe (210) from top to bottom on bearing plate (209), the upper end of a plurality of standpipe (210) is fixed on bearing plate (209) and the upper end is not higher than bearing plate (209) upper surface, bearing plate (209) upper surface that does not set up standpipe (210) all is provided with prevents the windrow awl point, upper seal plate (207) and lower seal plate (208) are run through to a plurality of standpipe (210) lower extreme, upper seal plate (207) and lower seal plate (208) are connected with the outer wall sealing of.

3. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carrier output fan (9) comprises a motor (901), a rotating shaft (902), fan blades (903) and an air feeding ring (904), wherein the motor (901) is fixedly installed on the roof of the heat exchange furnace, the output shaft of the motor (901) points downwards, the rotating shaft (902) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (901), the lower end of the rotating shaft (902) is provided with a plurality of fan blades (903), the rotating shaft (902) is of an inner and outer hollow sleeve structure with a closed lower end, an inner hollow pipe (921) of the rotating shaft (902) is fixedly sleeved inside an outer hollow pipe (922) and the inner and outer hollow pipes are coaxially arranged, the blades with a double-layer sealed cavity structure are arranged inside the fan blades (903), the lower ends of an inner hollow pipe (921) and an outer hollow pipe (922) of the rotating shaft (902) are communicated with the sealed cavity of the fan blades (903), the air feeding ring (904) is movably sleeved on the upper portion of the rotating shaft (902), and the air feeding ring (904) is fixed on the motor, the air delivery ring (904) is of an annular structure, an annular air flow cavity (906) is formed in the air delivery ring (904), the air flow cavity (906) is divided into a left air cavity and a right air cavity by two partition plates (907), an air inlet nozzle (908) is formed in the outer side surface of the air delivery ring (904), the air inlet nozzle (908) is communicated with the right air cavity of the air flow cavity (906), an air outlet nozzle (909) is formed in the outer side surface of the air delivery ring (904), the air outlet nozzle (909) is communicated with the left air cavity of the air flow cavity (906), an air inlet pipe (910) is connected to the air inlet nozzle (908), an air outlet pipe (911) is connected to the air outlet nozzle (909), one side of the rotating shaft (902) is provided with an inner hollow pipe (921) and an outer air port (923) which are communicated with each other, the outer hollow pipe (922) and an outer air outlet (924) which are communicated with each other side are not communicated with each other, and the positions of the air port (923) and the air, two sides of the inner ring wall of the air delivery ring (904) are respectively provided with a through hole, and the two through holes are positioned on the rotating walking path of the air vent (923) and the air release (924).

4. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a distributing device (414) is arranged on an outlet at the lower end of a charging chute (408) of the raw coal preheater (4), the distributing device (414) comprises a sealing shell (4141), a distributing pipe (4142), an adjusting rod (4143) and an adjusting knob (4144), the upper end of the sealing shell (4141) is hermetically connected with the lower part of the charging chute (408) of the raw coal preheater (4) and the lower end of the sealing shell is hermetically connected with the inlet end of the rotary kiln (3), a fixing plate (4147) is arranged at the inner upper part of the sealing shell (4141), a through hole is arranged on the fixing plate (4147) and the discharge hole of the raw coal preheater (4) extends into a lower cavity of the sealing shell (4141) through the through hole, one side of the upper end of the distributing pipe (4142) is hinged on the fixing plate (4147), the discharge hole of the raw coal preheater (4) extends into the inlet end of the distributing pipe (4142), the outlet end of the distributing pipe (4142), one end of the adjusting rod (4143) is hinged at the middle part of the distributing pipe (4142), and the other end of the adjusting rod (4143) penetrates through the outer wall of the sealing shell (4141) and is fixedly connected with the sealing shell (4141) through a nut type adjusting knob (4144).

5. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: and a purification system (12) is arranged on the product gas supply pipeline (11).

6. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the carrier supply line (112) of the heat exchange furnace (1) is connected to the product gas supply line (11).

7. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the hot air pipe of the cooler (2) is communicated with the air delivery pipe (109) of the heat exchange furnace (1).

8. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: a dust removal device is arranged in the carrier supply chamber (102) of the heat exchange furnace (1).

9. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading grading and quality grading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the coal pre-heater is characterized in that a material guide inclined plate (412) is arranged on the inner wall of the middle lower portion of a shell (401) of the raw coal pre-heater (4), the material guide inclined plate (412) is located under a second blanking circular seam, a plurality of stirring mechanisms (413) are installed on the shell (401), each stirring mechanism (413) comprises a guide pipe, a push block, a push rod and a pressing plate, the guide pipes are fixed on the inner wall of the shell (401), outlets of the guide pipes correspond to the material guide inclined plate (412), the push rods are movably installed in the guide pipes, one ends of the push rods are fixedly connected with the push blocks, the other ends of the push rods penetrate through the outer portion of the shell (401) and are hinged to the pressing plates, the upper ends of the.

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