CN208121013U - A kind of horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment, which comprises a feeding device, a horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device, a water-cooled screw discharger, a heat mixing system, and a thermal insulation system. Combustion system and electrical control device, wherein, the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device is divided into three stages, and adopts a step-forward or stacked circuit pusher structure, and the partition between the first stage and the second stage , the second stage is connected to the third stage, and the first stage, the second stage and the third stage respectively correspond to the preheating stage, the pyrolysis gasification stage and the carbonization stage. Through the above method, the multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment of the utility model can further broaden the application of biomass energy, pyrolyze and gasify biomass raw materials, and obtain biomass gas and biomass Carbon, with a high degree of automation, obvious comprehensive economic benefits, and a wide range of applications.

Description

A multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to a multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment, in particular to a multi-stage segmented direct heating, biomass gas and biomass charcoal combined preparation system without oxidation combustion reaction.

Background technique

Factors affecting the pyrolysis process are:

Pyrolysis process types include slow pyrolysis and fast pyrolysis. Slow pyrolysis yields higher fixed carbon content than fast pyrolysis, which maximizes liquid yield (biomass oil).

Temperature, temperature has great influence on pyrolysis product distribution, composition, yield and heat value of pyrolysis gas. The proportion of gas, oil and charcoal in the final product of biomass pyrolysis varies greatly with the reaction temperature and heating speed. Generally speaking, slow pyrolysis at low temperature and long residence time is mainly used to maximize the yield of char.

Biomass material, biomass type, molecular structure, particle size and shape have important influence on biomass pyrolysis behavior and product composition. This effect is quite complex and works together with external characteristics such as pyrolysis temperature, pressure, and heating rate. Because lignin is more difficult to decompose than cellulose and hemicellulose, the coke yield is usually higher with more lignin.

Residence time, in the biomass pyrolysis reaction, there are solid phase residence time and gas phase residence time. The longer the solid phase residence time, the smaller the proportion of pyrolysis solid products, and the more complete the pyrolysis. The gas phase residence time generally does not affect the primary pyrolysis reaction process of biomass. The longer the gas phase residence time, the more secondary pyrolysis reactions, and the release of H2, CH4, CO, etc., resulting in a rapid decrease in liquid products, an increase in gas products, and an increase in fixed carbon content. .

The pressure affects the residence period of the gas phase, thereby affecting the secondary cracking. With the increase of the pressure, the activation energy of the biomass decreases.

The heating rate has a great influence on pyrolysis. Generally, it has positive and negative effects on pyrolysis. As the heating rate increases, the temperature lag becomes more serious, and the material weight loss and weight loss rate curves both move to the high temperature zone. The pyrolysis rate and pyrolysis characteristic temperature both increase linearly with the increase of heating rate. In a certain pyrolysis time, the slow heating rate will prolong the residence time of the pyrolysis material in the low temperature zone, promote the dehydration and carbonization reactions of cellulose and lignin, and lead to an increase in the char yield.

To sum up, biomass gas and biomass charcoal technologies are slow and low-temperature pyrolysis processes.

In reality, the more common method of producing biochar is that farmers use simmering in earthen pits, that is, using a large amount of materials to accumulate a large amount of material for simmering that is almost isolated from oxygen. The product is biomass charcoal. The temperature of this method cannot be controlled, and the production process The prevention of tar condensation is not considered, and the product quality is uncontrollable.

Generally speaking, in the current biomass pyrolysis technology, it is difficult to accurately control the pyrolysis reaction of biomass raw materials with complex composition and low density, and it is difficult to push the materials in the reactor with high temperature. The overall efficiency of pyrolysis Low, poor reliability, incapable of large-scale commercial application and other shortcomings and shortcomings.

Utility model content

The technical problem mainly solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis and gasification equipment, which can further broaden the application of biomass energy, and can obtain biomass raw materials by pyrolysis and gasification. Biomass gas and biomass charcoal. Biomass gas can be burned as clean energy to replace coal and heavy oil and other polluting raw materials for heating and power generation. Biomass charcoal can be used as industrial raw materials, and at the same time, it can replace some uneconomical The non-environmentally friendly charcoal production method has stable operation, high quality biomass gas and biomass charcoal, can process a variety of biomass varieties, has a high degree of automation, obvious comprehensive economic benefits, and a wide range of applications.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment is provided, including a feeding device, a horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device , a water-cooled screw discharger, a heat mixing system, an adiabatic combustion system and an electrical control device, the feed device is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device, and the water-cooled screw It is arranged at the lower part of the rear end of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device, and the heat mixing system is respectively connected with the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device and the adiabatic combustion system, and the heat mixing system and the adiabatic combustion system are also connected with the Electrical control devices are connected, wherein, the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device is divided into three stages, including the first stage, the second stage and the third stage. The first stage and the second stage are separated, and the second stage is connected to the third stage. The first stage, the second stage and the third stage respectively correspond to the preheating stage, the pyrolysis gasification stage and the carbonization stage. stage.

In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, an isolating valve is provided at the connection between the first stage and the second stage.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first stage, the second stage and the third stage are all equipped with a screw propeller, a paddle piece, a spiral blade, an air distribution plate, an air inlet and a bellows. The screw propeller is horizontally arranged in the bellows and extends to the outside of the bellows, the spiral blade is arranged on the screw propeller, and the paddle is arranged on the spiral blade, and the paddle is evenly distributed with air holes, so The above-mentioned air distribution plate is arranged inside the bellows and below the screw propeller.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first-stage screw propeller adopts equidistant screw propulsion shafts, and the second-stage and third-stage screw propellers adopt spiral pitches from large to small The gradient helix advances the axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution boards are provided with air distribution holes of different densities, and the air distribution boards are integrally manufactured or assembled in multiple sections.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the bellows are all suspended structures, suspended on steel frames.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device is also provided with a material level gauge, a feed inlet, a feed cut-off valve, a drying exhaust outlet, a biomass gas outlet, a biomass Material charcoal discharge port and two emergency gas discharge ports, the feed cut-off valve is set at the feed port.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding device includes a feeding bin, a first belt conveyor, a transfer bin, a second belt conveyor, a variable-pitch screw conveyor, and a feeding buffer bin. The feed bin is connected to the transfer bin through the first belt conveyor, the transfer bin is connected to the feed buffer bin through the second belt conveyor, and the feed buffer bin is connected to the horizontal feed bin through a variable-pitch screw conveyor. The feed ports of the moving bed pyrolysis reaction device are connected.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the heat mixing system includes a mixing air box, a high-temperature dust collector, a blower, a thermocouple, a biomass gas recirculation pipe, a hot flue gas recirculation pipe, a high-temperature circulation fan, a biomass The gas recirculation regulating baffle and the hot flue gas recirculation regulating baffle, the mixed wind box is connected to the biomass gas outlet and the outlet of the adiabatic combustion system through the biomass gas recirculation pipe and the hot flue gas recirculation pipe respectively, so The above-mentioned high-temperature dust collector is set on the material gas recirculation pipe and connected with the biomass gas outlet, and the biomass gas recirculation regulating baffle and the hot flue gas recirculation regulating baffle are respectively arranged on the biomass gas recirculation Pipe and hot flue gas recirculation pipe and located at the rear end of the mixing air box, the high-temperature circulation fan is also connected to the rear end of the mixing air box through a pipeline, and the thermocouple is installed between the high-temperature circulation fan and the mixing air box on the pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the adiabatic combustion system includes an adiabatic combustion chamber and a biomass gas burner, and the biomass gas burner is arranged at the front end of the adiabatic combustion chamber.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment of the utility model can further broaden the application of biomass energy, and the biomass raw material can be pyrolyzed and gasified to obtain biomass Biomass gas and biomass charcoal. Biomass gas can be burned as clean energy to replace coal and heavy oil and other polluting raw materials for heating and power generation. Biomass charcoal can be used as industrial raw materials, and at the same time, it can replace some uneconomical The non-environmentally friendly charcoal production method has stable operation, high quality biomass gas and biomass charcoal, can process a variety of biomass varieties, has a high degree of automation, obvious comprehensive economic benefits, and a wide range of applications.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some implementations of the present invention. For example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device in Fig. 1;

The marks in the drawings are: 1. Feeding device, 2. Horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device, 3. Water-cooled screw discharge machine, 4. Mixing heat system, 5. Adiabatic combustion system, 6. Electrical control device , 11, feeding bin, 12, first belt conveyor, 13, transfer bin, 14, second belt conveyor, 15, variable pitch screw conveyor, 16, feeding buffer bin, 21, first stage, 22, Second stage, 23, third stage, 24, feed inlet, 25, material level gauge, 26, cutoff valve, 27, emergency drain seal, 28, feed cutoff valve, 41, mixing bellows, 42, high temperature dust collector , 43. Air blower, 44. Thermocouple, 45. Biomass gas recirculation pipe, 46. Hot flue gas recirculation pipe, 47. High temperature circulation fan, 48. Biomass gas recirculation regulating baffle, 49. Hot flue gas Recirculation adjustment baffle, 51, adiabatic combustion chamber, 52, biomass gas burner, (211, 221, 231) screw propeller, (212, 222, 232) paddle, (213, 223, 233) screw Blades, (214, 224, 234) air distribution plate, (215, 225, 235) air inlet, (216, 226, 236) bellows, (218, 228, 238) maintenance inlet, 217, drying outlet, 227. Biomass gas outlet, 239. Biomass charcoal outlet, (229, 237) emergency gas discharge outlet.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model embodiment comprises:

A multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment, including a feed device 1, a horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2, a water-cooled screw discharge machine 3, a heat mixing system 4, and an adiabatic combustion System 5 and electrical control device 6, the feed device 1 is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2, and the water-cooled screw discharger 3 is arranged on the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device The lower part of the rear end of the device 2, the heat mixing system 4 is connected with the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2 and the adiabatic combustion system 5 respectively, and the heat mixing system 4 and the adiabatic combustion system 5 are also connected with the electrical control device 6 phases, wherein, the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2 is divided into three stages, including the first stage 21, the second stage 22 and the third stage 23, adopting a step forward or stacked circuit pusher structure , the first stage 21 and the second stage 22 are separated, the second stage 22 is connected to the third stage 23, and the first stage 21, the second stage 22 and the third stage 23 respectively correspond to preheating stage, pyrolysis gasification stage and carbonization stage.

As shown in Figure 2, the first stage 21, the second stage 22 and the third stage 23 are all provided with screw propellers (211, 221, 231), paddles (212, 222, 232), screw blades (213, 223, 233), air distribution plates (214, 224, 234), air inlets (215, 225, 235) and bellows (216, 226, 236), the screw propellers are horizontally arranged in the bellows and Extending to the outside of the bellows, the helical blades are set on the helical propeller, the paddles are set on the helical blades, the paddles are evenly distributed with air holes, the air distribution plate is set inside the bellows and Located below the screw propeller, the main body of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor is also provided with maintenance inlets (218, 228, 238).

In the above, the screw propeller 211 of the first stage 21 adopts an equidistant screw propulsion shaft, and the screw propellers (221, 231) of the second stage 22 and the third stage 23 adopt a screw pitch ranging from a large to A small graduated helix advances the shaft. The screw propellers (211, 221, 231) use a steel shaft to cooperate with the screw to form a main thrust shaft, and the pitch of the screw gradually becomes smaller from wide to narrow, and the paddles (212, 222, 232), every 360° is equipped with 3 or more material shifting pieces, and the air holes are evenly distributed on the material picking pieces. During the process of stirring and mixing the materials, the high-temperature gas is fully mixed with the materials to increase the contact area between the materials and the heat source. Improve pyrolysis gasification efficiency.

The air distribution boards are all provided with air distribution holes of different densities, and the air distribution boards are made as a whole or assembled in multiple sections. The bellows (216, 226, 236) all adopt a suspension structure and are suspended on a steel frame.

Among them, the upper part of the air distribution plate 214 is evenly distributed air holes; the air distribution plate 224 is arranged from dense to sparse according to the needs of the pyrolysis reaction; the air distribution plate 234 is arranged from front to back according to the needs of the pyrolysis reaction. Dense to sparse, the air distribution hole density is slightly lower than the air distribution hole density at the end of the air distribution plate 224.

The air distribution board is assembled in multiple sections, and the interface adopts a tenon-and-groove structure, or it is directly assembled. The air distribution plate and the bellows are mechanically spliced, and a sealing groove is provided on the joint surface of the air distribution plate and the bellows to prevent hot air or hot smoke from leaking from the joint surface, and at the same time allow the air distribution plate to expand freely. There are wedge-shaped blocks on the ear plates on both sides of the air distribution plate, which are connected with the ear plates of the air distribution plate through the pin structure, which mainly plays a sealing role and is used to fix the refractory and thermal insulation materials on the side of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor. At the bottom of the air distribution board, there is a reinforcing rib plate, and a tenon groove is opened on the reinforcing rib plate, and the segmental bellows partition is stuck in the tenon groove.

Further, the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device is also provided with a material level gauge 25, a feed inlet 24, a feed cut-off valve 28, a drying exhaust port 217, a biomass gas outlet 227, and a biomass charcoal outlet. The feed port 239 and two emergency gas discharge ports (229, 237), the feed cut-off valve 28 is set at the feed port 24. The mixed gas of drying gas and water vapor is discharged out of the system through the drying exhaust port 217; emergency drainage seals 27 are set at the two emergency gas discharge ports (229, 237) to prevent gas under positive pressure during normal operation. Leakage reduces the calorific value of biomass gas, and air leaks under negative pressure, which affects the stability of the internal pyrolysis gasification reaction.

In this embodiment, the connection between the first stage 21 and the second stage 22 is provided with an isolating valve 26 to prevent the biomass gas in the second stage 22 from entering the first stage 21 and being discharged with the drying mixed flue gas outside the system. The second stage 22 and the third stage 23 communicate with each other, and the biomass gas produced by the two stages enters the gas pipeline through the biomass gas outlet 227 of the second stage 22, and then is introduced into the adiabatic combustion system 5 for combustion to generate high-temperature flue gas .

As shown in Figure 1, described feeding device 1 comprises feeding bin 11, the first belt conveyor 12, transfer bin 13, the second belt conveyor 14, variable pitch screw conveyor 15 and feeding buffer bin 16, so The feed bin 11 is connected with the transfer bin 13 through the first belt conveyor 12, and the transfer bin 13 is connected with the feed buffer bin 16 through the second belt conveyor 14, and the feed buffer bin 16 is It is connected with the feed port 24 of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2 through a variable-pitch screw conveyor 15 . Among them, the screw pitch of the variable-pitch screw conveyor 15 adopts a gradual change method from large to small, and a partition door is installed at the outlet of the feeding device 1 to prevent safety accidents such as fire from being reversely flowed into the feeding bin after the shutdown. .

As shown in Figure 1, the mixed heat system includes a mixing air box 41, a high temperature dust collector 42, a blower 43, a thermocouple 44, a biomass gas recirculation pipe 45, a hot flue gas recirculation pipe 46, a high temperature circulation fan 47, Biomass gas recirculation adjustment baffle 48 and hot flue gas recirculation adjustment baffle 49, the mixing air box 41 is connected to biomass gas outlet 227 through biomass gas recirculation pipe 45 and hot flue gas recirculation pipe 46 respectively and the outlet of the adiabatic combustion system 5, the high-temperature dust collector 42 is arranged on the substance gas recirculation pipe 45 and connected with the biomass gas outlet 227, and the biomass gas recirculation adjustment baffle plate 48 and the hot flue gas The recirculation adjustment baffle 49 is respectively arranged on the biomass gas recirculation pipe 45 and the hot flue gas recirculation pipe 46 and is located at the rear end of the mixing air box 41, and the high temperature circulating fan 47 is also connected with the mixing air box 41 through a pipeline , the thermocouple 44 is installed on the pipeline between the high temperature circulation fan 47 and the mixing air box 41 . A high-temperature dust collector 42 is installed in the middle of the gas pipeline to separate the solid phase substances contained in the biomass gas out of the system, so as to improve the cleanliness of the biomass gas.

The mixed heat system 4 adopts two circulation heat sources, which are biomass gas recirculation pipe 45 and flue gas recirculation pipe 46 respectively. The biomass gas recirculation pipe 45 can directly enter the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2 or pass adiabatic combustion After the system 5 is burned, high-temperature flue gas is produced, which is sent to the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device 2 after passing through the air blower 43 and reducing to a suitable temperature.

The heat mixing system 4 has a mixing wind box 41 for heating medium, and uses high-temperature circulating fan 47, biomass gas recirculation regulating baffle 48 and hot flue gas recirculating regulating baffle 49 to accurately control the total amount and temperature of heating medium entering the mixing wind box 41 Range, and a cold air inlet for regulating the temperature range of the heating medium.

The hot flue gas recirculation pipe of the heat mixing system 4 is connected to the outlet of the adiabatic combustion system 5 , and the biomass gas recirculation pipe is connected to the biomass gas outlet 227 .

The air blower 43 is set at the rear end of the mixing air box 41, and the hot flue gas + biomass gas are mixed to become the heating medium and enter the mixing air box 41. The air blower 43 is used to mix a certain amount of cold air, and the temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction is adjusted according to the temperature feedback from the thermocouple 44. , transported to the bellows, enters the material layer through the air distribution plate, and directly heats the material.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the adiabatic combustion system 5 includes an adiabatic combustion chamber 51 and a biomass gas burner 52 , and the biomass gas burner 52 is arranged at the front end of the adiabatic combustion chamber 51 .

Example 1:

A multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment has a horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device. The horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device is divided into three stages. No interference, according to the pyrolysis reaction, adjust the driving speed to control the residence time of the material in each reactor. The front end of the first stage is equipped with a feed inlet, which is connected to the variable-pitch screw conveyor, and the outlet at the end is connected to the feed inlet of the second stage front end. There is a drying exhaust port on the top to discharge the drying flue gas out of the biomass gas system, and a bag filter is installed behind the drying exhaust port to reduce dust emissions; the second stage is equipped with a biomass gas outlet And an emergency discharge port. The biomass gas enters the adiabatic combustion system from the biomass gas outlet. The emergency discharge port is mainly used to discharge the biomass gas that fails to enter the combustion system in the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device in an emergency. The outlet of the discharge port adopts a water seal to prevent air leakage and biomass gas leakage; the outlet at the end of the second stage is connected to the inlet at the front end of the third stage, and the middle is a connected structure, which is convenient for the biomass gas at the third stage. The gas flows back to the second stage and enters the combustion system from the biomass gas outlet; the biomass charcoal outlet at the end of the third stage is connected to a water-cooled screw discharge machine, and an emergency discharge port is set on the top. There is an inspection door on each level of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device.

The horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device adopts screw propulsion, also known as the main push shaft. There are porous material plates welded between the spiral blades. The drive of the main push shaft adopts a speed-regulating motor, and the speed-regulating motor controls the speed of the main push shaft to control the advancement of materials. Speed, at the driving end of the first stage, there is a material level gauge. The temperature here is the lowest point of the entire reactor temperature, generally within 100°C. The temperature is suitable for the work of the material level gauge, and here is the temperature of the entire horizontal moving bed The highest point of the material level of the pyrolysis reactor, where the material level can reflect the distribution of material height in the entire horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device. The lower part of the main push shaft is provided with an air distribution plate with unevenly arranged air holes, the lower part of the air distribution plate is an air chamber, and the air chamber is connected with the heat mixing system.

The feeding port of the first stage is connected with the feeding device, and the feeding device 1 starts from the stockyard, and a primary feed bin is arranged in the stockyard, and a screw feeder is arranged before the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reaction device, The upper part of the screw feeder is equipped with a feeding bin, and the bottom of the first-level feeding bin is equipped with a belt conveyor. The first-level feeding bin is connected to the feeding bin through the belt conveyor. An intermediate silo can also be set to facilitate long-distance transportation. The feeding system adopts a fully sealed structure. The silos are equipped with dust removal equipment and automatic spraying equipment to prevent fires.

The biochar outlet at the end of the third stage is connected to the screw discharge machine. After the discharge machine is the biochar collection system. The biochar from the screw discharge machine enters the pipeline of the discharge system. The pipeline is conveyed by wind and equipped with a discharge system. The fan provides wind source power to bring the biochar into the discharge bin. The gas-solid separation of the discharge system adopts a cyclone separator, which is placed on the upper part of the discharge bin. The gas-solid (air and biochar) mixture is separated by the cyclone The filter is separated, the solid enters the discharge bin, and then is bagged, and the gas enters the bag filter, and then is emptied.

Biomass gas enters the gas pipeline from the gas outlet of the second stage. There is a dust collector in the gas pipeline. After the dust collector, it is connected to the biomass gas burner. The biomass gas burner is at the front end of the adiabatic combustion chamber. Boiler or other thermal equipment connected.

There is a high-temperature flue gas recirculation pipeline at the interface between the adiabatic combustion chamber and the boiler, which is connected to the hot air mixing chamber, and a biomass gas recirculation pipeline is also installed at the outlet of the high-temperature dust collector, which is connected to the hot air mixing chamber , and an ignition burner is provided at the interface between the biomass gas recirculation pipeline and the hot air mixing chamber. Under normal circumstances, the biomass gas is directly circulated to the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor. In special cases, the biomass gas needs to be The gas is ignited to form high-temperature flue gas and sent to the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor. The mixing chamber is also equipped with a cold air interface. Because the temperature of the heat source in the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor needs to be controlled within a certain range, and the high temperature The flue gas temperature is relatively high, generally around 900°C, and the temperature needs to be lowered to 200-300°C. At this time, a certain amount of cold air is required to reduce the temperature of the heat source to ensure the normal working environment of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor. , the outlet of the mixing chamber is connected to the air supply chambers of each section of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor with pipes, and the air intake of each section is controlled by the hot air damper.

This example is a 1t/h wood chip pyrolysis system, the moisture content of wood chips is 40%.

There are many ways to collect wood chips. You can purchase wood chips that have been processed from wood processing plants such as the board factory, or you can buy waste wood, scraps and other raw materials and return them to the factory for crushing into wood chips. The particle size of the wood chips is within 2mm. In the stockyard, the moisture content of undried wood chips is generally relatively high, around 40%, or even higher, so the wood chips should not be stacked for too long, and they need to be stacked in batches in the stockyard, first come, first used; Dry wood chips need to be sorted and stacked. When running the feed, considering the drying efficiency of the first stage, the feed can be mixed to improve the drying efficiency.

In the stockyard, the sawdust is sent to the first-level silo by machinery, and the scraper machine transports the sawdust in the first-level silo to the intermediate silo, and then to the feeding silo through the intermediate silo, or directly from the first-level silo. The silo is transported to the feed silo, which depends on the site conditions. The sawdust in the feeding bin is conveyed to the first stage of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor through the screw feeder for drying. After the sawdust enters the first stage, its height is controlled by the level gauge, and the screw feeds The machine is interlocked with the material level gauge. When the height of the material changes, the screw feeder automatically starts and stops. After the material enters the first stage, it is pushed forward through the screw main pusher shaft, and the hot air enters the first stage from the mixing chamber through the first-stage air supply control valve. The air supply chamber enters the interior of the first stage through the air distribution holes of the air distribution plate. The sawdust is pushed forward while being mixed with hot air for drying and heating. The paddle on the helical blade of the main thrust shaft stirs the material to increase the mixing of the material and the hot air. degree. The travel time of the material is related to the degree of drying, and also related to the reaction conditions of the second and third stages. Generally, the travel time is about 10 minutes under stable conditions. The mixed flue gas of drying flue gas and water vapor is discharged from the flue gas outlet at the top, enters the dust removal system, and then is emptied, and the dry material enters the auger through the outlet at the rear or enters the horizontal moving bed through the air closing valve The second stage of the pyrolysis reactor, the pyrolysis gasification section.

After the dried sawdust enters the second stage, according to the height of the material in the first stage and the speed of the main pusher in the first stage, the speed of the main pusher in the second stage is adjusted to control the propulsion speed of the material and the residence time in the second stage. , After the material enters the second stage, it contacts with hot air, begins to precipitate volatile matter, and starts pyrolysis reaction, releasing biomass gas. The hot air passes through the hot air mixing chamber, enters the secondary air chamber through the secondary hot air control valve, enters the secondary reactor through the air distribution hole of the air distribution plate, mixes with the material, heats the material, and provides the oxygen and oxygen required for the pyrolysis reaction of the material. Heat, and stir and mix on the paddle on the second-stage main propulsion screw blade to fully pyrolyze the reaction. The reacted material enters the third stage through the secondary outlet, and the biomass gas enters the gas pipeline through the biomass gas outlet door. A baffle plate is installed at the outlet of the biomass gas to increase the stroke and mixing of the biomass gas. degree.

After the pyrolysis reaction, the sawdust enters the third stage to start the carbonization reaction, and the non-fixed carbon composition in the sawdust is analyzed. The rotation speed of the third stage and the residence time of the material in the third stage are based on the material height of the second stage. It is adjusted with the rotation speed of the second-stage main pusher and the comprehensive reaction of wood chips. After the material enters the third stage, it contacts with the hot air to start the carbonization reaction and release the biomass gas. The biomass gas passes through the space at the top of the third stage and passes through the second stage. The connecting port between the first stage and the third stage, enters the second stage, mixes with the biomass gas of the second stage and enters the gas pipeline. The hot air passes through the hot air mixing chamber, enters the third-stage air chamber through the three-stage hot air control valve, enters the third-stage reactor through the air distribution hole of the air distribution plate, and mixes with the material to provide the oxygen and heat required for the carbonization reaction of the material. The paddle on the three-stage main propulsion screw blade stirs and mixes to fully carbonize the reaction. The reacted material enters the screw discharge machine through the three-stage discharge port, and is discharged from the main body of the horizontal moving bed pyrolysis reactor.

In summary, the multi-stage segmented horizontal moving bed biomass pyrolysis gasification equipment of the present invention can further broaden the application of biomass energy, and can obtain biomass gas and gas by pyrolysis and gasification of biomass raw materials. Biomass charcoal and biomass gas can be burned as clean energy to replace highly polluting raw materials such as coal and heavy oil for heating, power generation, etc. Biomass charcoal can be used as industrial raw materials, and at the same time, it can replace some uneconomical and environmentally friendly The charcoal production method has stable operation, high quality of biomass gas and biomass charcoal, can process a variety of biomass varieties, has a high degree of automation, obvious comprehensive economic benefits, and broad application fields.

The above descriptions are only examples of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the utility model description, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies Fields are all included in the scope of patent protection of the utility model in the same way.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula, which is characterized in that including feeding device, horizontal Moving bed pyrolysis reaction unit, Water-cooled screw discharging machine, mixed hot systems, adiabatic combustion system and electrical control gear, institute The top of the front end of horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction device is arranged in the feeding device stated, and the Water-cooled screw discharging machine is set Set the lower part in the rear end of horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction device, the mixed hot systems respectively with horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction Device is connected with adiabatic combustion system, and the mixed hot systems and adiabatic combustion system are also connected with electrical control gear, Wherein, the horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction device is divided into three-level, including the first order, the second level and the third level, using ladder Protrusive or stacking patrolling pushing structure, separate, the second level is connected with the third level, institute between the first order and the second level The first order, the second level and the third level stated respectively correspond as warm-up phase, pyrolytic gasification stage and carbonization stage.

2. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute Junction between the first order stated and the second level is provided with isolating valve,.

3. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute The first order, the second level and the third level stated are provided with spiral propeller, material toggling piece, helical blade, air distribution plate, air inlet and wind Case, the spiral propeller are horizontally installed in bellows and extend to the outside of bellows, and the helical blade is arranged in spiral shell It revolves on propeller, the material toggling piece is arranged on helical blade, and air holes is evenly equipped in material toggling piece, and the air distribution plate setting exists Inner bellows and the lower section for being located at spiral propeller.

4. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The spiral propeller for the first order stated uses isometric helix cardan shaft, and the spiral propeller of the second level and the third level is adopted With the gradual change spiral promoting shaft of spiral spacing from large to small.

5. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The air distribution plate stated on offer the wind distributing holes of different densities, the air distribution plate is that integral manufacturing or multistage are assembled.

6. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The bellows stated are all made of suspended structure, are suspended on steelframe.

7. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute Level-sensing device, feed inlet, charging isolating valve, drying exhaust outlet, biology are additionally provided on the horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction device stated Matter gas outlet, biomass carbon discharge port and two emergency combustion gas discharge outlets, the charging isolating valve, are arranged at feed inlet.

8. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute The feeding device stated includes that feeding warehouse, the first belt feeder, transfer feed bin, the second belt feeder, variable-pitch propeller conveyer and charging are slow Storehouse is rushed, the feeding warehouse is connected by the first belt feeder with transfer feed bin, and the transfer feed bin passes through the second belt feeder It is connected with feed surge storehouse, the feed surge storehouse passes through variable-pitch propeller conveyer and horizontal moving bed pyrolytic reaction device Feed inlet be connected.

9. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute The mixed hot systems stated include mixing bellows, hot precipitator, pressure fan, thermocouple, biological fuel gas recirculation pipe, hot fume again Circulation pipe, high temperature circulation blower fan, biological fuel gas recycling controllable register and hot fume recycle controllable register, the mixing Bellows are respectively connected to biological fuel gas outlet and adiabatic combustion by biological fuel gas recirculation pipe and hot fume recirculation pipe The outlet of system, the hot precipitator are arranged on substance combustible gas recirculation pipe and are connected with biological fuel gas outlet, The biological fuel gas recycling controllable register and hot fume recycling controllable register is separately positioned on biological fuel gas and follows again On endless tube and hot fume recirculation pipe and be located at mixing bellows rear end, the high temperature circulation blower fan also with mix bellows after End is connected by pipeline, and the installation of TC is on the pipeline between high temperature circulation blower fan and mixing bellows.

10. the horizontal moving bed biomass pyrogenation gasification equipment of multistage subsection formula according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The adiabatic combustion system includes insulated combustion chamber and biomass gas burner, the biomass gas burner setting In the front end of insulated combustion chamber.