CN111955727B - 四氢嘧啶类物质的应用及含四氢嘧啶类物质的饮用酒 - Google Patents
四氢嘧啶类物质的应用及含四氢嘧啶类物质的饮用酒 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111955727B CN111955727B CN202010855637.4A CN202010855637A CN111955727B CN 111955727 B CN111955727 B CN 111955727B CN 202010855637 A CN202010855637 A CN 202010855637A CN 111955727 B CN111955727 B CN 111955727B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种四氢嘧啶类物质的应用及含四氢嘧啶类物质的饮用酒。具体地,本发明提供一种四氢嘧啶类物质的用途,用于制备组合物,所述的组合物用于选自下组的一种或多种用途:(a)解酒;(b)预防和/或治疗肝损伤;(c)改善肠道菌群失调;其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质包括四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯,和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯。本发明所述的四氢嘧啶类物质能够有效预防及治疗饮酒引起的醉酒、酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群失衡。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域,更具体涉及一种四氢嘧啶类物质的应用及含四氢嘧啶类物质的饮用酒。
背景技术
酒是一种传统饮品,饮酒行为是当今社会的一个普遍现象。随着国民经济水平提高,酒精消费人群也不断增加。
少量饮酒可促进血液循环,缓解紧张、焦虑等负面情绪,但过量及长期饮酒可能造成严重的身体伤害,引发健康问题和社会问题。过度饮酒可引发酒精性肝损伤,目前我国酒精性肝损伤呈发病率逐年增高、肝脏损害程度加重、受损功能器官增多等态势,己对我囯人群健康造成系统性危害。过量饮酒不仅危害肝脏,还容易使人的自我控制能力降低,造成异常兴奋,情绪失控,进而造成酒驾引起的交通事故,醉酒引发的暴力事件等不良事件。长期饮酒还会造成肠道菌群失衡,造成肠球菌和链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌增加为主,乳酸杆菌绝对值减少,导致肠道致病菌的致病性提高。
因此,本领域需要开发一种能够有效治疗饮酒引起的醉酒、酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群失衡的药物、食品或保健品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种四氢嘧啶类物质在有效治疗饮酒引起的醉酒、酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群失衡方面中的用途。
本发明的第一个方面提供一种四氢嘧啶类物质的用途,用于制备组合物,所述的组合物用于选自下组的一种或多种用途:(a)解酒;(b)预防和/或治疗肝损伤;(c)改善肠道菌群失调;
其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质包括四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯,和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯。
优选地,所述的组合物为药物组合物、食品组合物或保健品组合物。
优选地,所述的组合物还包括药学上、食品上或保健品上可接受的载体。
优选地,所述的食品组合物为酒。
优选地,所述的保健品组合物为保健酒。
优选地,所述的解酒包括(a-1)预防和/或治疗醉酒;(a-2)加快醒酒。
优选地,所述的预防醉酒包括延长出现醉酒状态的时间。
优选地,所述的加快醒酒为缩短醉酒时间。
优选地,所述的肝损伤包括酒精性肝损伤。
优选地,所述的酒精性肝损伤包括长期饮酒造成的酒精性肝损伤。
优选地,所述的预防和/或治疗肝损伤包括:
(b-1)降低AST和/或ALT含量;和/或
(b-2)提高GSH含量。
优选地,所述的AST包括血液或血清AST。
优选地,所述的ALT包括血液或血清ALT。
优选地,所述的GSH包括肝组织GSH。
优选地,所述的肠道菌群失调是长期饮酒造成的肠道菌群失调。
优选地,所述的肠道菌群失调包括肠道有益微生物数量的降低和/或有害微生物数量升高。
优选地,所述的菌群包括选自下组的一种或多种:乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌和肠杆菌。
优选地,所述的改善肠道菌群失调包括:
(c-1)提高肠道有益微生物数量;和/或
(c-2)降低肠道有害微生物数量。
优选地,所述的微生物包括细菌。
优选地,所述的有益微生物包括乳杆菌和双歧杆菌中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述的有害微生物包括肠球菌和肠杆菌中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述的组合物的剂型为固体制剂或液体制剂。
优选地,所述的组合物的剂型为口服制剂或注射制剂。
优选地,所述的组合物的剂型为口服液、注射剂、输液剂或粉针剂。
本发明的第二个方面提供一种组合物,所述的组合物包括(i)酒精;和(ii)四氢嘧啶类物质;
其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质包括四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯,和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯。
优选地,所述的组合物为酒或含酒精制品。
优选地,所述的组合物还包括水。
优选地,所述四氢嘧啶类物质占酒体积的质量体积分数为0.1%~8%,优选为1%~6%。
本发明的第三个方面提供一种酒,所述的酒包括(i)酒精;(ii)四氢嘧啶类物质;和(iii)水;
其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质包括四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯,和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯。
优选地,所述的酒中,所述酒精的度数为10-80°,较佳地50-62°。
优选地,所述四氢嘧啶类物质占酒体积的质量体积分数为0.1%~8%,优选为1%~6%。
优选地,所述的酒为发酵酒、蒸馏酒、配制酒或保健酒。
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。
具体实施方式
本发明首次意外的发现四氢嘧啶类物质能够有效治疗饮酒引起的醉酒、酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群失衡。
术语
术语“包括”、“包含”与“含有”可互换使用,不仅包括开放式定义,还包括半封闭式、和封闭式定义,所述术语包括了“由……构成”、“基本上由……构成”。
酒度(°)也就是酒精度,指酒中含有酒精(乙醇)的体积百分比。例如,56°白酒中含有酒精(乙醇)的体积百分比为56%。
以下对本申请的示范性实施方式做出说明,其中包括本申请实施方式的各种细节以助于理解,应当将它们认为仅仅是示范性的。因此,本领域普通技术人员应当认识到,可以对这里描述的实施方式做出各种改变和修改,而不会背离本申请的范围和精神。同样,为了清楚和简明,以下的描述中省略了对公知功能和结构的描述。
四氢嘧啶类物质
如本文所用,术语“本发明四氢嘧啶类物质”、“四氢嘧啶类物质”可互换使用,指包括四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯,和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐,或其酯。该术语还包括上述组分的混合物。
典型地,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质为四氢嘧啶和/或羟基四氢嘧啶。
四氢嘧啶的结构式如下:
羟基四氢嘧啶的结构式如下:
术语“盐”指本发明四氢嘧啶和/或羟基四氢嘧啶与酸或碱所形成的适合用作药物、食品或保健品的盐。一类优选的盐是本发明四氢嘧啶和/或羟基四氢嘧啶与酸形成的盐。适合形成盐的酸包括但并不限于:盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲磺酸。一类优选的盐是本发明四氢嘧啶和/或羟基四氢嘧啶与碱形成的盐。适合形成盐的碱包括但并不限于:氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、磷酸钠、氨水、三乙胺、二乙胺等。
本发明中,术语“酯”是一种前体物质(如前药、药物前体、前驱药物),其能够经过生物体内转化后形成具有活性的物质如四氢嘧啶、羟基四氢嘧啶,这一过程的目的在于增加生物利用度,加强靶向性,降低毒性和副作用。
用途
本发明提供四氢嘧啶类物质在有效治疗饮酒引起的醉酒、酒精性肝损伤和/或肠道菌群失衡方面中的用途。
在一个优选例中,所述的解酒包括(a-1)预防和/或治疗醉酒;(a-2)加快醒酒。
在一个优选例中,所述的肝损伤包括酒精性肝损伤。典型地所述的酒精性肝损伤包括长期饮酒造成的酒精性肝损伤。
代表性地,所述的预防和/或治疗肝损伤包括:
(b-1)降低AST和/或ALT含量;和/或
(b-2)提高GSH含量。
在一个优选例中,所述的肠道菌群失调是长期饮酒造成的肠道菌群失调。
代表性地,所述的肠道菌群失调包括肠道有益微生物数量的降低和/或有害微生物数量升高。
典型地,所述的菌群包括(但不限于)下组的一种或多种:乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌和肠杆菌。
在另一个优选实施方式中,所述的改善肠道菌群失调包括:
(c-1)提高肠道有益微生物数量;和/或
(c-2)降低肠道有害微生物数量。
在另一个优选实施方式中,所述的有益微生物包括乳杆菌和双歧杆菌中的一种或多种。
在另一个优选实施方式中,所述的有害微生物包括肠球菌和肠杆菌中的一种或多种。
组合物
本发明还提供一种组合物,所述的组合物可以为药物组合物、食品组合物或保健品组合物。
本发明所述的组合物还包括药学上、食品上或保健品上可接受的载体。
在本发明中,药物组合物的剂型包括(但不限于)口服制剂、注射剂、外用制剂。
代表性的包括(但不限于):片剂、注射剂、输液剂、膏剂、凝胶剂、溶液剂。
如本文所用,术语“药学上、食品上或保健品上可接受的载体”指的是:一种或多种相容性固体、半固体、液体或凝胶填料,它们适合于人体或动物使用,而且有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。
应理解,在本发明中,所述的载体没有特别的限制,可选用本领域常用材料,或用常规方法制得,或从市场购买得到。药学可接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠等)、明胶、滑石粉、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如吐温)、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、缓冲剂、螯合剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、透皮促进剂、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、抑菌剂、无热原水等。
在本发明的一个优选例中,所述的组合物为酒。
代表性地,所述的酒包括(i)酒精;(ii)四氢嘧啶类物质;和(iii)水。
在本发明中,酒中的度数并没有特别的限制,优选地,所述酒精的度数如10-80°或50-62°。
在本发明的一个优选例方式中,所述四氢嘧啶类物质占酒体积的质量体积分数为0.1%~8%,优选为1%~6%。
优选地,所述的酒为发酵酒、蒸馏酒、配制酒或保健酒。
本发明的主要技术效果包括:
本发明发现四氢嘧啶类物质可有效延长出现醉酒状态的时间,缩短醒酒时间,发挥解酒作用,进而减少醉酒造成的情绪失控和身体控制力降低等问题。四氢嘧啶类物质还可以有效治疗长期饮酒造成的酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群失调,减少长期饮酒及过量饮酒对健康系统造成的危害。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1-10
两种四氢嘧啶类物质的结构如下所示:
其中,四氢嘧啶的结构式如下:
其中,羟基四氢嘧啶的结构式如下:
1.实施例1-10和对比例1的保健酒的制备方法
实施例1
准确量取56°白酒,向所述白酒中加入四氢嘧啶得到保健酒,四氢嘧啶的含量(质量体积分数)为0.1%。
实施例2-实施例8与实施例1的不同之处在于:四氢嘧啶的含量不同。
实施例9与实施例5的不同之处在于:用羟基四氢嘧啶替代四氢嘧啶。
实施例10与实施例5的不同之处在于:四氢嘧啶类物质的种类和含量不同。
对比例1与实施例1不同之处在于:不添加任何四氢嘧啶类物质,即纯56°白酒。
实施例1-10和对比例1制备的白酒中的四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶的含量(质量体积分数)如下表1所示:
表1实施例1-10和对比例1制备的白酒中的四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶的用量
四氢嘧啶/(w/v) | 羟基四氢嘧啶/(w/v) | |
实施例1 | 0.1% | --- |
实施例2 | 0.5% | --- |
实施例3 | 0.75% | --- |
实施例4 | 1% | --- |
实施例5 | 3% | --- |
实施例6 | 4.5% | --- |
实施例7 | 6% | --- |
实施例8 | 8% | --- |
实施例9 | --- | 3% |
实施例10 | 1.5% | 1.5% |
对比例1 | --- | --- |
备注:“---”为无。
2.考察实施例1-10和对比例1制备的白酒在解酒、护肝和改善肠道菌群失调的效果
2.1解酒效果考察
2.1.1实验方法
将体重为18-22g的SPF级雄性实验小鼠随机分组,每组10只,每组分别灌胃实施例1-10和对比例1制备的保健酒,施加量为0.15mL/10g,此外,选取一组小鼠作为正常对照组,正常对照组的小鼠给予生理盐水(0.15mL/10g),观察记录各组小鼠的一般行为,记录出现醉酒状态时间及醒酒时间。
其中,评价指标如下:
出现醉酒状态的时间及醒酒时间
出现醉酒状态的时间及醒酒时间测定通过对灌胃后小鼠的一般行为观察进行,以翻正反射为标准(小鼠背部向下保持30s为翻正反射消失;小鼠背部向下30s内可翻正为翻正反射恢复;出现醉酒状态的时间:灌胃到翻正反射消失的时间;醒酒时间:翻正反射消失到恢复的时间)。
2.1.2实验结果
各实施例、对比例和正常对照组小鼠出现醉酒状态的时间和醒酒时间如表2所示:
表2各实施例、对比例和正常对照组小鼠出现醉酒状态的时间和醒酒时间(n=10,M±SD)
备注:“---”为无。
从表2中可以看出,四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶能够有效地增加出现醉酒状态的时间和减小醒酒时间,减少小鼠行为失控时间,表明四氢嘧啶类物质四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶能够有效地预防和治疗醉酒以及加快醒酒。
2.2保肝作用
2.2.1实验方法
将体重为18-22g的SPF级雄性实验小鼠随机分组,每组10只,每组分别灌胃实施例1-10和对比例1制备的保健酒,施加量为0.15mL/10g,此外,选取一组小鼠作为正常对照组,正常对照组的小鼠给予生理盐水(0.15mL/10g),每组小鼠连续给酒30d,末次给酒后禁食16h,摘眼球小鼠取血置于离心管,4000r/min离心15min,取上清液得血清,测定血清中ALT(谷丙转氨酶)和AST(谷草转氨酶);小鼠解剖取肝脏,冷生理盐水(4℃)漂洗干净后,加生理盐水(0.1g肝脏加入0.9mL生理盐水)匀浆得肝组织匀浆液,测定匀浆蛋白浓度和肝组织中GSH(还原性谷胱甘肽)。以上ALT、AST、GSH均采用试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所)测定。
其中,评价指标如下:
保健酒中四氢嘧啶类物质对肝脏的保护作用通过血清中ALT(谷丙转氨酶)和AST(谷草转氨酶)及肝脏中GSH(还原性谷胱甘肽)含量说明。ALT和AST的含量越低,GSH的含量越高,表明对肝脏的保护作用越优。
2.2.2实验结果
各实施例、对比例和正常对照组测定的鼠长期给酒后ALT、AST及GSH含量如表3所示:
表3各实施例、对比例和正常对照组的ALT、AST及GSH含量(n=10,M±SD)
备注:“---”为无。
从表3中可以看出,与正常对照组相比,对比例1小鼠血清中AST与ALT含量显著升高,GSH含量显著降低说明模型组小鼠醉酒后导致肝功能受损。实施例1~10小鼠血清AST与ALT含量较对比例1有显著减少,GSH含量较对比例1显著增加,说明白酒中添加四氢嘧啶类物质四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶能够有效改善长期饮酒造成的肝损伤,保护肝功能。
2.3.肠道菌群保护作用
2.3.1实验方法
将体重为18-22g的SPF级雄性实验小鼠随机分组,每组10只,每组分别灌胃实施例1-10和对比例1制备的保健酒,施加量为0.15mL/10g,此外,选取一组小鼠作为正常对照组,正常对照组的小鼠给予生理盐水(0.15mL/10g),每组小鼠连续给酒30d,分别于小鼠灌胃第30d每组取小鼠5只,断椎处死,无菌条件下取小鼠肠道成形内容物,灭菌生理盐水稀释分别涂布于LBS琼脂培养基(检测乳杆菌)、双歧杆菌琼脂(NNLP)培养基(检测双歧杆菌)、肠杆菌计数琼脂(VRBDA)培养基(检测肠杆菌)、胆盐-七叶苷-叠氮钠琼脂(BEA)培养基(检测肠球菌)平板上,37℃培养48h,菌落计数。
其中,评价指标如下:
保健酒中四氢嘧啶类物质对肠道菌群的保护作用通过对长期给酒后小鼠肠道中有益菌(乳杆菌、双歧杆菌)及有害菌(肠球菌、肠杆菌)数量对比说明。
2.3.2实验结果
各实施例、对比例和正常对照组小鼠长期给酒后乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌数量(Log cfu/g)如表4所示:
表4实施例、对比例和正常对照组小鼠长期给酒后乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌、肠杆菌数量(Log cfu/g)(n=10,M±SD)
备注:“---”为无。
从表4中可以看出,根据小鼠肠道菌群分析,与正常对照组相比,对比例1小鼠肠道中乳杆菌、双歧杆菌等有益菌的数量显著下调,肠球菌、肠杆菌等有害微生物的数量显著升高,即长期饮酒可造成肠道菌群失调。保健酒中添加四氢嘧啶类物质四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶与对比例1相比能显著提高小鼠肠道中乳杆菌、双歧杆菌等有益菌的数量,降低肠球菌、肠杆菌等有害微生物的数量,说明保健酒中添加四氢嘧啶类物质四氢嘧啶和羟基四氢嘧啶对肠道菌群有明显的改善作用,可预防和/或治疗由肠道菌群失调造成的健康问题。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种四氢嘧啶类物质的用途,其特征在于,用于制备组合物,所述的组合物用于选自下组的一种或多种用途:(a)解酒;(b)预防和/或治疗酒精性肝损伤;(c)改善肠道菌群失调;
其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质为四氢嘧啶,或其盐和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的解酒包括(a-1)预防和/或治疗醉酒;(a-2)加快醒酒。
3.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的肠道菌群失调是长期饮酒造成的肠道菌群失调。
4.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的肠道菌群失调包括肠道有益微生物数量的降低和/或有害微生物数量升高。
5.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的菌群包括选自下组的一种或多种:乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌和肠杆菌。
6.一种组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物包括(i)酒精;和(ii)四氢嘧啶类物质;
其中,所述的四氢嘧啶类物质为四氢嘧啶,或其盐和/或羟基四氢嘧啶,或其盐。
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