CN1119532C

CN1119532C - Compressor

Info

Publication number: CN1119532C
Application number: CN98121438A
Authority: CN
Inventors: W·K·布拉夫尔
Original assignee: Holset Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Cummins Turbo Technologies Ltd
Priority date: 1997-10-31
Filing date: 1998-10-30
Publication date: 2003-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2018-10-30
Also published as: CN1217436A; EP0913585B1; EP0913585A1; DE69824808D1; DE69824808T2; GB9722916D0

Abstract

An MWE compressor comprising a housing defining an inlet and an outlet, and an impeller wheel rotatably mounted in the housing. The inlet is defined by a first tubular portion an inner surface of which is an extension of the said surface of the inner wall of the housing, a second tubular portion located radially outside the first portion to define an annular passage between the first and second portions, a wall extending across the annular passage between the first and second portions, and a conical wall located upstream of the first portion and extending in the radially outwards and upstream directions from adjacent the upstream end of the first portion to the upstream end of the second portion. At least one aperture is defined between the downstream end of the conical wall and the upstream end of the first tubular portion to communicate with the annular passage. At least one aperture is defined adjacent the wheel in the surface of the inner wall of the housing to communicate with the annular passage.

Description

Compressor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of compressor, particularly about such class compressor: it has an intake duct device, and the noise level that its feature makes this apparatus surface and conventional intake duct device (noise level) are compared to some extent and descended.

Background technique

Turbosupercharger has been designed to be equipped with and has been referred to as the compressor intake duct device that " broadening operating range " (MWE) installs.This MWE device for example, is introduced in U. S. Patent NO 4930979 to some extent.In this class formation, the compressor intake duct comprises two coaxial tubular air inlet sections, interior air inlet section is shorter than external admission section, and has an internal surface that is extended into by the compressor housing inner wall surface, all blades that this surface forms facing to the compressor impeller that is installed in the housing.Between two tubular air inlet sections, form an annular flow circulation passage.This annular flow passage is opened wide at upstream extremity, forms opening in downstream by the several holes that is communicated with the shell inner surface of facing compressor impeller.

Under the situation of using MWE intake duct device, when the flow that passes through compressor was big, air was axially flowing to compressor impeller along the flow channel that forms between two drum-shaped sections.When the flow by compressor hour, thereby the airflow direction by this flow channel just reverses and makes air from those orifice flows of contiguous compressor impeller upstream extremity to the inner cylindrical section of intake duct device.As everyone knows, the structure of this type of flow channel is stablized the performance of compressor.

People know that the compressor that MWE intake duct device is housed is only compared by the conventional structure that a cylindrical part forms with intake duct, and its noise level increases.In British Patent No. 2256460, this is had illustrated.This patent has also disclosed a kind of MWE intake duct device, in the upstream of the inner cylindrical section of this device a noise reduction sound dividing plate has been installed, and it is maintained at the inside of outer cylindrical section upstream extremity.Therefore, this dividing plate has blocked an end that axially opens wide of the annular flow passage that forms between the inside and outside drum-shaped section of intake duct device, and this flow channel is communicated with intake duct by the slit that forms between the inner cylindrical section upstream extremity of dividing plate and intake duct device.This dividing plate can be formed one with the conical section that expands outwardly from the slit near intake duct device inner cylindrical section upstream extremity.

The sort of conical baffle structure of introducing in B. P. 2256460 has reduced the noise that sends from the annular flow passage that forms between two drum-shaped sections of intake duct device really, and in general, total noise level decreases.Yet under some working environment, the noise level in the main air intake flow channel but increases to some extent.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved MWE device, in the hope of reducing above-mentioned noise problem.

According to the present invention, provide a kind of compressor to comprise: one is installed in rotatable compressor impeller in this housing in order to the housing that limits import (air flue) and outlet and one, and therefore when impeller rotates, the interior gas flow of intake duct exports; This housing has an inwall, and it limits one very near the surface of the blade radial outer rim that is supported by impeller; Wherein, intake duct is formed by following part: one first cylindrical portion, its internal surface are the extensions on the described surface of inner walls, one second cylindrical portion, it is positioned at the first cylindrical portion radial outside, thereby forms an annular pass between first and second parts; A wall spare, it crosses by the annular pass between first and second cylindrical portions and extends; This wall is between the upstream extremity and downstream of first cylindrical portion; Channel part at the opposite opposite side of this wall is connected by a hole at least; And also being provided with a Kong Yiyu annular pass at least near the impeller place in the described surface of inner walls is connected.

This crosses the wall spare that extends the annular pass can suppress the propagation of noise along the annular pass.This wall preferably places or is close on the position of the noise wave-wave abdomen that expectation meeting during the normal use compressor is propagated along the annular pass.This wall can be the simple flanged structure that radially extends, or extends towards the direction of radial skew, also can be to form a spirality or other forms of member with an axial members.

This intake duct can comprise a wall spare, and one of its qualification is faced the annular surface of annular pass and extended to the upstream extremity towards second cylindrical portion from the upstream extremity near first cylindrical portion; Radially also be provided with a hole between the inner edge at the first cylindrical portion upstream extremity and annular surface.This annular surface can be a truncated cone shape, and can near the upstream extremity of first cylindrical portion radially outwards with towards party upstream to extension.

Intake duct preferably includes a wall spare, and it limits a tubular wall from extending along updrift side near the first cylindrical portion upstream extremity.This structure can be guaranteed, obtains Rapid Expansion to the noise of propagating along intake duct at the upstream extremity of cylindrical surface towards party upstream.This has just further reduced noise output.

This crosses the wall spare that extends the annular pass can be the flanged structure that radially extends outward from first cylindrical portion, is provided with a hole at least and places radial outside part near the flange of second cylindrical portion.

At least the first cylindrical portion can constitute with an assembly that is installed in second cylindrical portion with the wall spare that crosses the annular pass extension.Can be positioned at said modules in second cylindrical portion by the joint between the radial outside part of the wall spare that limits annular surface and the groove that in second cylindrical portion, is provided with.

The present invention also provides a kind of compressor, and it comprises: one is installed in rotatable compressor impeller in the housing in order to the housing that limits import (air flue) and outlet and one, and therefore when impeller rotates, the interior gas flow of intake duct exports; This housing has an inwall, and it limits one very near the surface of the blade radial outer rim that is supported by impeller; Wherein, intake duct is formed by following part: one first cylindrical portion, its internal surface is the extension on the described surface of inner walls, one second cylindrical portion, it is positioned at the radial outside of first cylindrical portion, thereby between first and second parts, form an annular pass, a wall spare, one of its qualification is faced the surface of annular pass and is extended to the upstream extremity of second cylindrical portion from the upstream extremity near first cylindrical portion, and wall spare, its limit a upstream extremity from first cylindrical portion towards party upstream to axially extended cylindrical surface, between the upstream extremity of the downstream of the wall spare that limits this cylindrical surface and first cylindrical portion, be provided with one first hole at least to be connected with the annular pass; On the described surface of inner walls and near the impeller place, be provided with one second hole at least being connected with the annular pass, and should in the face of surface of annular pass towards radial skew.

Description of drawings

Now pass through embodiment, and a kind of embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, among these figure:

Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the conventional air inlet section of turbocharging type compressor;

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the known compressor air inlet section that has broadening operating range (map) intake duct;

Fig. 3 is the broken section sketch that noise reduction sound compressor air inlet dividing plate, known section is housed;

Fig. 4 is a compressor housing partial sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the perspective view that is used for being contained in the baffle plate device of housing shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of Fig. 5 and dividing plate shown in Figure 6;

Fig. 8 shows from intake duct device shown in Figure 3, from intake duct device shown in Figure 4 and the noise curve of output that obtains respectively after removing the cylindrical portion of device shown in Figure 4 from type intake duct device shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the another kind of baffle plate device that can use in a kind of concrete scheme of the present invention;

Figure 10 is equipped with the noise curve of output that the intake duct device of the sort of type dividing plate shown in Figure 9 causes;

Figure 11 removes the sectional view behind the annular portion that constitutes conical surface for the dividing plate of the sort of type shown in Figure 9;

Figure 12 is the noise curve of output that the compressor intake duct device of dividing plate shown in Figure 11 is housed.

Embodiment

Consulting Fig. 1, is the conventional air inlet section with the compressor of broadening operating range device shown in the figure.Structure has housing 1 shown in this figure, and the tubular induction part 2 of housing 1 has formed gas-entered passageway 3, and the sectional area downstream of this passage diminishes gradually.This intake duct communicates with a cavity of formation in the housing 1, and compressor impeller 4 is housed in this cavity, and impeller 4 can be around the axis rotation of with dashed lines 5 expressions.Impeller 4 is supporting blade 6, and is inswept by housing 1 formed internal surface 7 when the radially outer edge of blade 6 rotates.

As everyone knows, the sort of conventional equipment shown in Figure 1 is unsettled under some operating conditions, particularly can only work satisfactorily in more limited compressor impeller flow range.People know, use the sort of MWE intake duct device shown in Figure 2 to solve this problem.

Now consult Fig. 2, among Fig. 2 those appropriate sections used with Fig. 1 in used identical digital code.Intake duct device shown in Figure 2 comprises: a tubular first portion 8, and its internal surface is the extension of shell inner surface 7; A tubular second portion 9, it is positioned at the radial outside of tubular first portion 8, and forms an annular pass 10 between first and second parts.Pass housing in the downstream of tubular first portion 8 and be shaped on several holes 11, these hole openings are to the surface 7 that is formed by housing 1.The radially outer edge of blade 6 is the inswept surface 7 which is provided with hole 11 when impeller rotates.

When impeller 4 rotations, air sucks via gas-entered passageway 3, and is transported to spiral case 12.If impeller 4 rotates under the flow at high speed state, air then by tubular first induction part 8, also is inhaled into housing by annular pass 10 and hole 11.Yet, when descending, fall also through the pressure of via hole 11 and to descend through the mass flow rate of compressor impeller 4, and may changeabout.At this moment, the air-flow direction in annular pass 10 also produces reverse, so that some air that enter housing by tubular first induction part 8 reflux via annular pass 10.Here it is makes the running of compressor input stage be able to stable known manner.

Now consult Fig. 3, the device of intake duct shown in the figure is existing explanation in Figure 14 of No. the 2256460th, disclosed british patent specification.Except in tubular second portion 9 and the upstream of tubular first portion 8 has added a dividing plate, device shown in Figure 3 is substantially similar in appearance to the device of Fig. 2.This dividing plate is a kind of truncated cone shape loop configuration that is formed by conical surface 13 and cylindrical portion 14.The cylindrical portion 14 of this dividing plate is the drive fit configuration in the tubular second portion 9 of intake duct device.Between the upstream extremity of the tubular first portion 8 of the downstream of cylindrical surface 13 and intake duct device, then form a slit 15.

In configuration structure shown in Figure 3, the pressure wave face of propagating in annular pass 10 by hole 11 that shakes enters in the air stream of the fair speed in the intake duct device tubular first portion 8 by slit 15 suddenly.Therefore, the total noise output that causes of assembly has reduced thus.And, because the change of the air stream moving direction by annular pass 10 also can make noise output descend to some extent.Yet, have been found that with regard to this class known structure shown in Figure 3 though the noise output of its noise output during less than the conventional MWE structure of employing shown in Figure 2, still the noise during not with the conventional structure of MWE is exported greater than employing shown in Figure 1.

Now consult Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, to describe first kind of embodiment of the present invention.Illustrated embodiment has a tubular first portion 16, and a molded plastic component is installed in it, and second, third of the whole assembly of this assembly handle formation, the 4th is in the same place with each elements combination of the 5th part.Second portion be one near slit 18 towards party upstream to the tubular construction 17 that extends, the function in the slit of being introduced among the function in slit 18 and prior figures 2 and Fig. 3 15 is identical.Between tubular first portion 16 and tubular second portion 17, form an annular pass 19.Sending out for the 3rd one then is to cross the wall spare 20 that stretch annular pass 19 from tubular second portion 17 radially outwards.The 4th part is a frusto-conical wall part 21, it from the upstream extremity of tubular second portion radially outwards with towards party upstream to the internal surface that extends to tubular first portion 16.Wall spare 21 also can cause the radially outside and direction extension towards downstream of this wall conversely with respect to tilt angle radially.In both cases, frusta-conical surface can both suppress noise in whole frequency range.If this wall spare is radially, then can only on a certain frequency, suppress to some extent noise.The 5th part is a tubular extension 22 of tubular second portion 17.Between tubular second and the 5th part, then formed slit 23.This slit 23 plays a part the slit 15 described in above-mentioned Fig. 3.

A part is crossed in wall spare 20 extension in annular pass 19, has four lugs 24 on it, and these 24 of four lugs are supported on the internal surface of tubular first portion 16.Therefore, annular pass 19 is divided into two divided portion of the relative both sides that are positioned at wall spare 20.Owing to form a slit between every adjacent two lugs 24, always have four slits, so in fact this wall spare 20 as with holes.Therefore, air is to cross annular pass 19 between

slit

18 and 23 via those orifice flows that limit on the wall spare 20.The direction of the air stream by annular pass 19 is the function by the flow of intake duct device as a whole, as the situation of any conventional MWE intake duct device.

The radial outer end of this taper the 4th part 21 has four lugs 25, also is provided with the rib that radially protrudes on it, and these ribs are embedded in the annular groove that forms in the tubular first portion 16.

Now consult Fig. 8, there is shown the performance that three kinds of different intake duct devices are represented with output noise.The weighting sound pressure level that produces when that solid-line trace of top is represented the turbocharging type compressor operating that adopts intake duct device shown in Figure 3 among the figure.That dotted line trace of below shows with Fig. 4 and replaces result behind the intake duct device shown in Figure 3 to intake duct device shown in Figure 7.Middle that solid-line trace provides be from remove through modification the 5th part be back, tubular extension 22 Fig. 4 extremely the sort of intake duct device recording shown in Figure 7 to noise level.Should be noted that no matter be modified or the intake duct device of unmodified, its output noise all has substantial decline, particularly when frequency is higher.Employing is not best to the performance that the sort of intake duct device shown in Figure 7 obtains with the Fig. 4 that revises, but adopts modified intake duct device, does not just have the intake duct device of tubular extension 22, and its performance also is greatly improved.

Can believe, because the pressure waves of 18 19 propagation along the annular pass from the slit, ran into reducing of channel cross-sectional area at wall spare place before this, then ran into the unexpected expansion of sectional area again, so the existence of foraminate wall part 20 (third part of intake duct device) greatly descends output noise.Ideally, wall spare 20 should be positioned at the noise wave-wave abdomen place by annular pass 19, but for most of applications, anti-node location is the function of frequency noise.A kind of antinode will be positioned at from the slit 18 and grow 1/4th distance for the noise wave-wave of point measurement.In most of device normal work period, noise ripple frequency changes in the scope of broadness.Experiment shows, thereby in the very broad various applications of compressor wheel rotational speed variation frequency, this wall spare roughly should place the neutral position between slit 18 and the slit 23.The application of continuous running under desired speed, wall spare 20 should be arranged on the noise wave-wave abdomen place that following of this given running speed gives meter ideally.

As shown in Figure 8, wall spare 20 being set in the intake duct device of routine can cause noise to export substantial decline.After having installed tubular extension 22 additional, situation can be further improved.Can believe that it is resultful installing this tubular extension additional, because the noise ripple passes to the upstream extremity of extension 22 along passage, this runs into earlier to the noise ripple that passes through towards party upstream and allows the unexpected expansion of its channel cross-sectional area of therefrom propagating.Though relative curve is not shown among Fig. 8, in fact tubular extension 22 is housed after, even there is not wall spare 20, also can make noise output that some declines are arranged.

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and intake duct device shown in Figure 7 can be single moulded parts, also can be the assemblies that is assembled into by some moulded parts that separate.Usually, this class component is made of plastic, though also can adopt metal construction.

Set lug 24 is used to make configuration all-in-one-piece moulded parts to locate at the compressor housing internal support on wall spare 20.But these lugs are without any the aerodynamic force function or reduce the function of noise, if when using other structural arrangements instead and guaranteeing each parts correct relative, these lugs just can omit.Once the device of removing lug 24 was done overtesting, do not see that noise output had the increase that can predict.

As seen from the figure, the internal diameter of tubular extension 22 is slightly larger than the internal diameter of drum-shaped section 17.The missionary society of these two internal diameters influences noise output and aerodynamic quality, can come to select the suitable internal diameter of these parts by experiment with regard to various specific applications.Equally, the external diameter of wall spare 20, that is, also can select its preferred outside diameter by experiment with regard to various specific applications not with the external diameter of the wall spare 20 of lug 24.

Should see that Fig. 5 extremely device shown in Figure 7 can be the assembly that is assembled into by plurality of single moulded parts or foundry goods.For example, wall spare 20 can be a separated components that can be assemblied on the cylindrical portion 17.And for example,

cylindrical portion

16 and 17 can be made a part that limits the one piece casting of annular pass, and the ring part that constitutes wall spare 20 then can be inserted in this foundry goods.Independent moulded parts or foundry goods also can be made in tapered wall part 21 and tubular extension 22.

In order to evaluate, some tests have also been done in the significance that conical surface is set away from the annular bypass channel end of compressor impeller.Now consult Fig. 9 to Figure 12 these tests are described.

Referring to Fig. 9, illustrated assembly once was installed in the tubular intake duct that leads to compressor, its radially-outer surface 26 engages with the inner radial surface of intake duct cylindrical portion, 27 sides that constitute the slit of its end face, the effect in the effect in this slit and Fig. 4 slit 18 to the device shown in Figure 7 is suitable, the effect of a tapered wall part 28 is equivalent to the effect of the tapering part 21 of Fig. 4 to the device shown in Figure 7, and the effect of a radial wall spare 29 is equivalent to the effect of the wall spare 20 of Fig. 4 to the device shown in Figure 7.Also be provided with the suitable slit of effect in its effect and Fig. 4 slit 23 to the device shown in Figure 7 on this assembly.Opposite to device shown in Figure 7 with Fig. 4, being positioned at the 5th part 30 upstreams, slit, this assembly is not tubular, but outwards open towards surperficial 26 loudspeaker.

Solid-line trace among Figure 10 is the noise output of the sort of conventional MWE compressor set shown in Figure 2.Should be noted that a tangible peak value appears in its noise output in the frequency range a little less than 4000 to 8000 hertz.In Figure 10, also dotted the performance situation that a MWE air inlet system makes up assembly shown in Figure 9.As can be seen, in across these frequency ranges, these two traces are overlapping, but exist one obviously to descend in 4000 to 8000 noise reference frequency output.

Assembly shown in Figure 9 is made of three parts: the one,

form surface

26 and 27 and the flanged pin cylinder in slit 30, the 2nd, form conical surface 28, its sectional shape is leg-of-mutton ring part, the 3rd, form wall spare 29, its sectional shape is the ring part of rectangle.In addition, to removing the ring part that forms conical surface 28 but the remaining part intake duct device identical with assembly shown in Figure 9 tested.This device is exactly a device shown in Figure 11, and its noise output is shown in Figure 12.

Now consult Figure 12, the noise output trace of standard MWE intake duct device is represented with solid line.The noise output trace of device shown in Figure 11 then dots.Should be noted that the poor performance of the performance of device shown in Figure 11, particularly in 5000 to 7000 hertz frequency scopes than device shown in Figure 9.This shows, can obtain some benefits though install wall spare 29 additional in the annular pass between two slits of MWE device, if sealing with conical surface away from this end, annular pass that is close to the slit of compressor impeller, effect can be better.

Once use " taper " this term to describe in the literary composition and be actually " truncated cone shape " surface.Should see that in fact can adopt is not the surface of truncated cone shape yet, comprise those accurately surfaces of calibration.The noise that suppresses the preset frequency place with frusta-conical surface is highly effective.And be expected to be when stablizing occasion in preset frequency of constant thereby noise transmission at compressor rotary speed, using frusto-conical surface more has special advantage.Yet under the situation that wheel speed changes, adopt part spherical or part is oval-shaped or other curved surfaces are more effective.

Claims

1. a compressor comprises: housing that limits import and outlet and one are installed in rotatable compressor impeller in this housing, and therefore when impeller rotate, the interior gas flow of intake duct exports; This housing has an inwall, and it limits one very near the surface of the blade radial outer rim that is supported by impeller; Wherein, this import is formed by following part: one first cylindrical portion, its internal surface are the extensions on the described surface of inner walls; One second cylindrical portion, it places the first cylindrical portion radial outside, thereby forms an annular pass between this first and second part; And one cross the wall spare that is extended by the annular pass between first and second cylindrical portions, this wall spare places between the upstream extremity and downstream of first cylindrical portion, channel part at this wall opposite side is connected by a hole at least, and is provided with a Kong Yiyu annular pass at least and is connected near the impeller place in the described surface of inner walls.

2. according to the described compressor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: cross that the wall spare that extends the annular pass is set at or near the antinode place of the noise ripple of when compressor operating, in this annular pass, propagating.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described compressors, it is characterized in that: intake duct comprises a wall spare, it forms in the face of an annular surface of annular pass and from the upstream extremity near first cylindrical portion and extends outwardly into the second cylindrical portion upstream extremity, radially is limited with a hole between the inner edge at the upstream extremity of first cylindrical portion and annular surface.

4. according to the described compressor of claim 3, it is characterized in that: this annular surface is a truncated cone shape.

5. according to the described compressor of claim 3, it is characterized in that: should in the face of the surface of annular pass near the upstream extremity of first cylindrical portion radially outward and towards party upstream to extension.

6. according to the described compressor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this intake duct comprises a wall spare, this wall spare limit one near the first cylindrical portion upstream extremity towards party upstream to the cylindrical surface of extending.

7. according to the described compressor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: crossing the wall spare that extends the annular pass is a flanged structure that extends radially outwardly from first cylindrical portion, forms a hole at least in the radial outside part of this flange and near second matrix section place.

8. according to the described compressor of claim 1, it is characterized in that at least the first cylindrical portion and the wall spare that extends transverse to the annular pass are to be formed by the assembly that is placed in second cylindrical portion.

9. according to the described compressor of claim 8, it is characterized in that: the wall spare that limits the annular pass is made of assembly, and the radial outside of the wall spare of this formation annular surface partly is positioned in the groove that forms in second cylindrical portion to guarantee this assembly location.

10. a compressor comprises: one is installed in rotatable compressor impeller in this housing in order to the housing that limits import and outlet and one, and therefore when impeller rotate, the interior gas flow of intake duct exports; This housing has an inwall, and its limits one very near the surface of the blade radial outer rim that is supported by impeller; Wherein, import is formed by following part: one first cylindrical portion, its internal surface are the extensions on the described surface of inner walls, one second cylindrical portion, it places the radial outside of first cylindrical portion, thereby forms an annular pass between first and second cylindrical portions; Formation is in the face of wall spare surface, one of annular pass and that extend to the second cylindrical part upstream extremity from the upstream extremity near first cylindrical portion; And a wall spare, its limit a upstream extremity from first cylindrical portion towards party upstream to axially extended cylindrical surface; Between the upstream extremity of the downstream of this wall that forms this cylindrical surface and first cylindrical portion, be provided with one first hole at least being communicated with described annular pass, in the described surface of inner walls and close impeller place be provided with one second hole at least to be connected with the annular pass; Should face the surface of annular pass towards radial skew.

11., it is characterized in that: should be truncated cone shape in the face of the surface of annular pass according to the described compressor of claim 10.

12., it is characterized in that according to claim 10 or 11 described compressors: should in the face of the surface of annular pass near the upstream extremity of first cylindrical portion radially outwards with towards party upstream to extension.