CN111952541B - Positive plate, preparation method and battery - Google Patents
Positive plate, preparation method and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111952541B CN111952541B CN202010959704.7A CN202010959704A CN111952541B CN 111952541 B CN111952541 B CN 111952541B CN 202010959704 A CN202010959704 A CN 202010959704A CN 111952541 B CN111952541 B CN 111952541B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a positive plate, a preparation method and a battery, wherein the positive plate comprises the following components: the current collector is provided with a first coating and a second coating on at least one side surface, the first coating and the second coating on the same side surface of the current collector are positioned in different areas, and the first coating area is provided with a polar lug groove; the lug is arranged in the lug groove and is connected with the current collector; wherein the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer. In the positive plate, the tab is arranged in the tab groove at the position of the first coating, and the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating is smaller than that of the lithium ions in the second coating, so that the charging capacity of the first coating is smaller than that of the second coating, lithium precipitation at the position close to the tab is avoided, the consumption of electrolyte is reduced, the failure and deformation of a battery cell are prevented, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a positive plate, a preparation method and a battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high average output voltage, small self-discharge, no memory effect, wide working temperature range (-20 ℃ -60 ℃), excellent cycle performance and the like, and is widely applied to portable electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, notebook computers and the like. With the continuous development of the technology, especially the arrival of the 5G era and the internet of things era, the demands of the market on the energy density and the charging speed of the battery are higher and higher, and the conventional winding structure cannot meet the demands of customers. Some battery manufacturers have developed a Special cell Process (STP) in the Tab, and this structure can reduce the area of the empty foil area, increase the energy density, reduce the impedance of the cell, increase the charging speed of the cell, and reduce the temperature rise of the cell during charging. However, the structure has a problem that lithium is easily separated from the pole piece close to the pole lug position area, and particularly when large-rate charging is adopted, the lithium separation area of the battery cell in the circulation can be continuously diffused, so that the consumption of electrolyte is accelerated, and finally the battery cell is deformed due to failure, thereby bringing great potential safety hazard and shortening the cycle life of the battery cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a positive plate, a preparation method thereof and a battery, which are used for solving the problems that lithium precipitation is easy to occur near a tab, so that a battery cell is invalid and deformed, and the cycle life of the battery cell is shortened.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the current collector is provided with a first coating and a second coating on at least one side surface, the first coating and the second coating on the same side surface of the current collector are positioned in different areas, and the first coating area is provided with a polar lug groove;
the lug is arranged in the lug groove and is connected with the current collector;
wherein a migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer is smaller than a migration rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer.
The current collector is characterized in that the surfaces of two sides of the current collector are respectively provided with the first coating and the second coating, the first coating area on the surface of one side of the current collector is provided with the polar lug groove, and the polar lug is arranged in the polar lug groove.
Wherein, be equipped with first region, second area and third area on at least one side surface of mass flow body, first region with the distribution separates between the third area, the second area is located first region with between the third area, first region with the third area coats respectively the second coating, the second area coats first coating.
Wherein the length of the first coating layer accounts for 1/6-1/3 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, and the length of the second coating layer accounts for 2/3-5/6 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating layer and the second coating layer.
Wherein the first coating has a conductivity less than the second coating; and/or
The particle size in the first coating layer is larger than the particle size in the second coating layer; and/or
The migration path of lithium ions in the first coating layer is larger than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer.
Wherein the first coating comprises: a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent, and a first binder;
the second coating comprises: a second positive electrode active material, a second conductive agent, and a second binder; and/or
The first coating layer includes a first positive electrode active material therein, the second coating layer includes a second positive electrode active material therein, and the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material respectively include: at least one of lithium cobaltate, ternary material, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate or lithium-rich manganese; and/or
The first coating comprises a first conductive agent, the second coating comprises a second conductive agent, and the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent respectively comprise:
at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, graphene, carbon nanotube, or metal powder; and/or
The first coating includes a first binder therein, the second coating includes a second binder therein, and the first and second binders respectively include:
at least one of styrene butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinylidene fluoride.
The first coating comprises a first positive electrode active material, the second coating comprises a second positive electrode active material, the first positive electrode active material is single crystal particles, and the second positive electrode active material is polycrystalline particles; and/or
The particle size Dv50 of the first positive electrode active material is greater than the particle size Dv50 of the second positive electrode active material; and/or
The first positive electrode active material has a conductivity smaller than that of the second positive electrode active material; and/or
The first positive electrode active material is lithium cobaltate, and the second positive electrode active material is a ternary material; and/or
The surfaces of the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material are respectively coated with carbon material layers, and the thickness of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the first positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the second positive electrode active material.
The lug groove is a groove which is formed by reserving an uncoated area and exposes a current collector when active material slurry is coated; or the lug groove is a groove which is formed by coating active material slurry and then cleaning off the coating and exposes the current collector.
Wherein the first coating comprises a first conductive agent, the second coating comprises a second conductive agent, and the content of the first conductive agent is less than that of the second conductive agent. In a second aspect, a method for manufacturing a positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
providing a current collector;
forming a first coating layer and a second coating layer on at least one side surface of the current collector, wherein the first coating layer and the second coating layer on the same side surface of the current collector are located in different areas, and a polar lug groove is formed in the first coating area;
forming a tab in the tab groove, wherein the tab is connected with the current collector;
wherein a migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer is smaller than a migration rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer.
In a third aspect, a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a positive electrode tab as described in the above embodiments.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the positive plate provided by the embodiment of the invention, the surface of at least one side of the current collector is provided with the first coating and the second coating, the first coating and the second coating on the surface of the same side of the current collector are positioned in different areas, the first coating area is provided with the lug groove, the lug is arranged in the lug groove and is connected with the current collector, and the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating is smaller than that of the lithium ions in the second coating. In the positive plate, the tab is arranged in the tab groove of the first coating area, the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating, and the current density of current passing through the first coating is smaller than that of current passing through the second coating, so that the charging capacity of the first coating is smaller than that of the second coating, lithium precipitation near the tab is avoided, electrolyte consumption is reduced, failure and deformation of the battery cell are prevented, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan view of a positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
A current collector 10; a first coating layer 11; a second coating layer 12; a lug groove 13;
and a tab 20.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
The positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a positive electrode sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a current collector 10 and a tab 20, wherein at least one side surface of the current collector 10 is provided with a first coating layer 11 and a second coating layer 12, the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 on the same side surface of the current collector 10 are located in different regions, and the first coating region is provided with a tab slot 13; the tab 20 is arranged in the tab groove 13, and the tab 20 is connected with the current collector 10; the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12.
That is, the positive electrode sheet mainly includes a current collector 10 and a tab 20, wherein the current collector 10 may be an aluminum foil, a first coating layer 11 and a second coating layer 12 may be provided on one side surface of the current collector 10, or a first coating layer 11 and a second coating layer 12 may be provided on both side surfaces of the current collector 10, respectively, a migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12, the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 on the same side surface of the current collector 10 are located in different regions of the same side surface of the current collector 10, the first coating region may be provided with a tab slot 13, the tab slot 13 is not coated with the first coating layer 11, and the boundaries of the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 may be connected together; the tab 20 may be an aluminum tab, the tab 20 may be disposed in the tab slot 13 of the first coating region, and the tab 20 is connected with the current collector 10, and the tab 20 and the current collector 10 may be connected by welding. By arranging the tab 20 in the tab slot 13 of the first coating region, the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating 11 is less than that of lithium ions in the second coating 12, and the current density of current passing through the first coating 11 is less than that of current passing through the second coating 12, so that the charging capacity of the first coating 11 is less than that of the second coating 12, lithium precipitation near the tab position is avoided, electrolyte consumption is reduced, battery cell failure deformation is prevented, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the current collector 10 is provided with a first coating layer 11 and a second coating layer 12 on both side surfaces thereof, the first coating layer area on one side surface of the current collector 10 is provided with a tab slot 13, a tab 20 is provided in the tab slot 13, the tab 20 can be positioned at a suitable position as needed, and the thicknesses of the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 on the same side surface of the current collector 10 can be equal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one side surface of the current collector 10 is provided with a first region, a second region and a third region, the first region and the third region are distributed at intervals, the second region is located between the first region and the third region, the first region and the third region are respectively coated with the second coating 12, the second region is coated with the first coating 11, and the boundaries of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 are connected together. Wherein the tab 20 may be disposed in the first coating layer 11 in the second region. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the second coating layer 12 in the first area is an AB segment, the first coating layer 11 in the second area is a BC segment, the second coating layer 12 in the third area is a CD segment, the EF segment and the GH segment are the second coating layers 12, the FG segment is the first coating layer 11, and the tab 20 may be disposed in the first coating layer 11 in the second area.
Optionally, the length of the first coating 11 is 1/6-1/3 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12, and the length of the second coating 12 is 2/3-5/6 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12. For example, the sum of the lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 is the length of the AD section, the length of the second coating 12 is the sum of the lengths of the AB section and the CD section, the length of the first coating 11 is the length of the BC section, and the specific lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 can be reasonably set according to actual conditions, so that lithium deposition at the position close to the tab is reduced under the condition of meeting the requirement of charging capacity.
In some embodiments, the conductivity of the first coating layer 11 is less than that of the second coating layer 12, the types of components, the conductivity of the components themselves, and the content of the components in the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 all affect the conductivity of the whole coating layer, the electrode material is generally a mixed conductor, ions and electrons interact during charge and discharge, and the increase of the electronic conductivity facilitates the diffusion and migration of lithium ions, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The particle size of the particles in the first coating layer 11 is larger than that of the particles in the second coating layer 12, and the shortened diffusion path can remarkably improve the migration rate of lithium ions from the positive electrode, so that the migration rate of the lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The migration path of lithium ions in the first coating 11 is greater than that of lithium ions in the second coating 12, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating 11 is less than that of lithium ions in the second coating 12, the current density of current passing through the first coating 11 is less than that of current passing through the second coating 12, the charging capacity of the first coating 11 is less than that of the second coating 12, lithium precipitation near a tab is avoided, electrolyte consumption is slowed down, failure and deformation of the battery cell are prevented, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 may include therein: a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent, and a first binder; the second coating layer 12 may include: a second positive electrode active material, a second conductive agent, and a second binder; and/or
The first coating layer 11 includes a first positive electrode active material therein, the second coating layer 12 includes a second positive electrode active material therein, and the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material respectively include: at least one of lithium cobaltate, ternary material, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate or lithium-rich manganese; and/or
The first coating 11 includes a first conductive agent, the second coating 12 includes a second conductive agent, and the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent respectively include:
at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, or metal powder; and/or
The first coating 11 includes a first binder therein, and the second coating 12 includes a second binder therein, the first binder and the second binder respectively including:
at least one of styrene butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinylidene fluoride.
That is, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 may include therein: a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent, and a first binder; the second coating layer 12 may include: a second positive electrode active material, a second conductive agent, and a second binder. The first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material may be the same or different, the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent may be the same or different, and the first binder and the second binder may be the same or different, and may be specifically selected according to actual needs. During the application process, the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 can be changed by adjusting the first cathode active material, the first conductive agent and the first binder in the first coating layer 11, the migration rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12 can be changed by adjusting the second cathode active material, the second conductive agent and the second binder in the second coating layer 12, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12, and the current density of current passing through the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of the second coating layer 12, so that the charging capacity of the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of the second coating layer 12, and the occurrence of lithium precipitation near the tab position is avoided.
In some embodiments, the first and second positive active materials may include therein: for example, the first positive electrode active material includes lithium cobaltate, and the second positive electrode active material includes lithium iron phosphate, which can be specifically selected according to actual needs.
In other embodiments, the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent may include: at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, carbon fibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes or metal powder, for example, the first conductive agent includes conductive carbon black and acetylene black, and the second conductive agent includes conductive carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, which can be specifically selected according to actual needs. For example, the second conductive agent is selected from at least one of graphene and carbon nanotubes, the first conductive agent is selected from at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, metal powder and carbon fibers, and the conductivities of the graphene and the carbon nanotubes are generally better than those of the other conductive agents, so that the conductivity of the second coating layer 12 is better than that of the first coating layer 11, ions and electrons interact during charging and discharging, the increase of the electronic conductivity is beneficial to the diffusion and migration of lithium ions, and the migration rate of the lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12.
Alternatively, the first adhesive and the second adhesive may respectively include: at least one of styrene butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinylidene fluoride. For example, the first binder and the second binder may each comprise polyvinylidene fluoride; or the first binder comprises polyacrylic acid, and the second binder comprises polyvinylidene fluoride, which can be selected according to actual needs.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 includes a first positive electrode active material, and the second coating layer 12 includes a second positive electrode active material, wherein the first positive electrode active material is a single crystal particle, the second positive electrode active material is a polycrystalline particle, the single crystal particle is usually a large particle, the polycrystalline particle is a particle formed by agglomeration of small particles, and the grain size of the polycrystalline particle is much smaller than that of the single crystal particle, which causes the lithium ion migration path of the first coating layer 11 to be longer than that of the second coating layer 12, and thus the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The particle size Dv50 of the first positive electrode active material is greater than the particle size Dv50 of the second positive electrode active material, and it is possible to make the lithium ion migration path in the first coating layer 11 longer than that in the second coating layer 12, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The conductivity of the first positive electrode active material is less than that of the second positive electrode active material, so that the conductivity of the second coating layer 12 is better than that of the first coating layer 11, ions and electrons interact in the charging and discharging process, the improvement of the electronic conductivity is beneficial to the diffusion migration of lithium ions, and the migration rate of the lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The first positive electrode active material is lithium cobaltate, the second positive electrode active material is a ternary material, Dv50 of the lithium cobaltate is about 15um, Dv50 of the ternary material is about 5um, so that the lithium ion migration path of the first coating layer 11 is longer than that of the second coating layer 12, and the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The surfaces of the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material are respectively coated with a carbon material layer, the thickness of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the first positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the second positive electrode active material, the coating of the carbon material can improve the conductivity of the active material, the thicker the coating thickness is, the better the conductivity of the active material is, the conductivity of the second coating layer 12 can be better than that of the first coating layer 11 in the above mode, ions and electrons interact in the charging and discharging process, the improvement of the electronic conductivity is beneficial to the diffusion and migration of lithium ions, and the migration rate of the lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12. Through the limitation to the above-mentioned first positive active material and second positive active material, be favorable to making the migration rate of lithium ion in first coating 11 be less than the migration rate of lithium ion in second coating 12, let the current density that the electric current passes through first coating 11 be less than the current density that passes through second coating 12, make the charging capacity of first coating 11 be less than the charging capacity of second coating 12, avoid being close to utmost point ear position and appearing lithium-educing, slow down electrolyte consumption, prevent that the electric core from losing efficacy and warping, the cycle life of extension electric core.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the first coating 11 comprises the first conductive agent, the second coating 12 comprises the second conductive agent, the content of the first conductive agent is less than that of the second conductive agent, the content of the conductive agent can directly influence the conductivity of the whole coating, the higher the content of the conductive agent is, the better the conductivity of the whole coating is, ions and electrons interact in the charging and discharging process, the improvement of the electronic conductivity is beneficial to the diffusion and migration of lithium ions, and the migration rate of the lithium ions in the first coating 11 is smaller than that of the lithium ions in the second coating 12.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a positive plate.
The preparation method of the positive plate comprises the following steps:
providing a current collector 10;
forming a first coating layer 11 and a second coating layer 12 on at least one side surface of a current collector 10, wherein the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 on the same side surface of the current collector 10 are located in different areas, and a lug groove 13 is formed in the first coating area;
forming a tab 20 in the tab slot 13, wherein the tab 20 is connected with the current collector 10;
wherein the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12.
That is, in the preparation process of the positive electrode sheet, a suitable current collector 10 is selected, a first coating 11 and a second coating 12 are formed on one side surface of the current collector 10, or the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 are formed on two side surfaces of the current collector 10 respectively, the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating 12, the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 on the same side surface of the current collector 10 are located in different areas of the same side surface of the current collector 10, a tab slot 13 is formed in the first coating area, and the boundaries of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12 can be connected together; then, tab 20 is formed in tab groove 13, tab 20 is connected to current collector 10, and tab 20 and current collector 10 may be welded together. By arranging the tab 20 in the tab slot 13 of the first coating region, the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating 11 is less than that of lithium ions in the second coating 12, and the current density of current passing through the first coating 11 is less than that of current passing through the second coating 12, so that the charging capacity of the first coating 11 is less than that of the second coating 12, lithium precipitation near the tab position is avoided, electrolyte consumption is reduced, battery cell failure deformation is prevented, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
In some embodiments, the current collector 10 is formed with the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 on both side surfaces thereof, respectively, the first coating region on one side surface of the current collector 10 is formed with the tab slot 13, and the tab 20 is formed in the tab slot 13.
In other embodiments, a first region, a second region and a third region are formed on at least one side surface of the current collector 10, the first region and the third region are spaced apart from each other, the second region is located between the first region and the third region, the first region and the third region are respectively coated with the second coating 12, and the second region is coated with the first coating 11.
Optionally, the length of the first coating 11 is 1/6-1/3 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12, and the length of the second coating 12 is 2/3-5/6 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating 11 and the second coating 12.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrical conductivity of the first coating 11 is less than the electrical conductivity of the second coating 12; and/or
The particle size in the first coating layer 11 is larger than the particle size in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The migration path of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is greater than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 may include therein: a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent, and a first binder; the second coating layer 12 may include: a second positive electrode active material, a second conductive agent, and a second binder; and/or
The first coating layer 11 includes a first positive electrode active material therein, the second coating layer 12 includes a second positive electrode active material therein, and the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material respectively include: at least one of lithium cobaltate, ternary material, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate or lithium-rich manganese; and/or
The first coating 11 includes a first conductive agent, the second coating 12 includes a second conductive agent, and the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent respectively include:
at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene or metal powder, for example, the second conductive agent is selected from at least one of graphene and carbon nanotube, the first conductive agent is selected from at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, metal powder and carbon fiber, and the conductivity of graphene and carbon nanotube is generally better than that of the rest of the conductive agents, in such a way that the conductivity of the second coating layer 12 is better than that of the first coating layer 11, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or
The first coating 11 includes a first binder therein, and the second coating 12 includes a second binder therein, the first binder and the second binder respectively including:
at least one of styrene butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinylidene fluoride.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 includes a first positive electrode active material, and the second coating layer 12 includes a second positive electrode active material, wherein the first positive electrode active material is a single crystal particle and the second positive electrode active material is a polycrystalline particle, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or, the particle size Dv50 of the first cathode active material is greater than the particle size Dv50 of the second cathode active material, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or, the conductivity of the first cathode active material is less than that of the second cathode active material, which may make the second coating layer 12 more conductive than the first coating layer 11, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or the first positive electrode active material is lithium cobaltate, the second positive electrode active material is a ternary material, Dv50 of the lithium cobaltate is about 15um, Dv50 of the ternary material is about 5um, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12; and/or the surfaces of the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material are respectively coated with a carbon material layer, and the thickness of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the first positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the second positive electrode active material, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is slower than that in the second coating layer 12.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first coating layer 11 includes a first conductive agent, and the second coating layer 12 includes a second conductive agent, wherein the content of the first conductive agent is less than the content of the second conductive agent, which is beneficial to make the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 less than the migration rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12. The specific components and the component contents in the first coating layer 11 and the second coating layer 12 can be reasonably selected according to actual needs. The migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 can be changed by adjusting the first cathode active material, the first conductive agent and the first binder in the first coating layer 11, and the migration rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12 can be changed by adjusting the second cathode active material, the second conductive agent and the second binder in the second coating layer 12, so that the migration rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer 11 is smaller than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer 12, and lithium precipitation near the tab position is avoided.
In the application process, the preparation process of the battery cell can be as follows:
preparing a first positive electrode slurry: adding a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent and a first binder into a stirring tank according to a certain mass ratio, then adding NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) and stirring to prepare a first positive electrode slurry, and obtaining the first positive electrode slurry with the solid content of 70% -75%.
Preparing a second anode slurry: and adding a second anode active material, a second conductive agent and a second binder into a stirring tank according to a certain mass ratio, and then adding NMP (N-methyl pyrrolidone) to stir to prepare a second anode slurry, so as to obtain a second anode slurry with a solid content of 70-75%.
Preparing a positive plate: and (3) coating twice by using a jump coating machine, and coating the two types of positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil. As shown in fig. 1, on the aluminum foil side: the second anode slurry is coated on an AB area and a CD area on the current collector through the first skip coating, the BC area is skipped during coating, the first anode slurry is coated on the BC area through the second skip coating, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent; on the other side of the aluminum foil: the coating can be started from any end of the D end and the H end, the second positive electrode slurry is coated on the EF area and the GH area in a jumping mode, the first positive electrode slurry is coated on the FG area, and the coating thickness of the two positive electrode slurries is consistent. And drying the coated current collector at the temperature of 120 ℃, then cutting into small strips, cleaning an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum electrode lug to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: 1.3, adding the mixture into a stirring tank, adding deionized water to prepare a negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning with laser to obtain electrode lug grooves, and welding nickel electrode lugs to obtain the negative electrode plate.
Assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery, and the battery includes the positive electrode sheet described in the above embodiment. The battery can be a lithium ion battery, and the battery can comprise a winding core formed by winding a positive plate, a negative plate and a diaphragm together.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Preparing a first positive electrode slurry: mixing a first positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, a first conductive agent conductive graphite and a first binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 97: 1.5: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare first anode slurry to obtain first anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a second anode slurry: and mixing a second positive electrode active material lithium iron phosphate, a second conductive agent carbon nanotube and a second binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare second anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a positive plate: and (3) coating twice by using a jump coater, and coating the two kinds of positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil. As shown in fig. 1, on the aluminum foil side: coating the second anode slurry on an AB area and a CD area on the current collector through the first skip coating, and jumping off a BC area during coating, coating the first anode slurry on the BC area through the second skip coating, wherein the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent; on the other side of the aluminum foil: the coating can be started from any end of the D end and the H end, the second anode slurry is coated in an EF area and a GH area in a jumping mode, the first anode slurry is coated in an FG area, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent. And drying the coated current collector at the temperature of 120 ℃, then cutting into small strips, cleaning out an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum electrode lug to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: 1.3, adding the mixture into a stirring tank, adding deionized water to prepare a negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning out a polar lug groove by using laser, and welding nickel polar lugs to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
Example 2
Preparing a first positive electrode slurry: mixing a first positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, a first conductive agent conductive carbon black and a first binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: 1.5, then adding NMP, and stirring to prepare a first anode slurry to obtain a first anode slurry with a solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a second anode slurry: mixing a second positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, a second conductive agent conductive carbon fiber and a second binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare second anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a positive plate: and (3) coating twice by using a jump coater, and coating the two kinds of positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil. As shown in fig. 1, on one side of the aluminum foil: the second anode slurry is coated on an AB area and a CD area on the current collector through the first skip coating, a BC area is skipped during coating, the first anode slurry is coated on the BC area through the second skip coating, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent; on the other side of the aluminum foil: the coating can be started from any end of the D end and the H end, the second anode slurry is coated in an EF area and a GH area in a jumping mode, the first anode slurry is coated in an FG area, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent. And drying the coated current collector at the temperature of 120 ℃, then cutting into small strips, cleaning an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum electrode lug to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.3, adding deionized water to prepare negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning out electrode lug grooves by using laser, and welding nickel electrode lugs to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
Example 3
Preparing a first positive electrode slurry: mixing a first positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, a first conductive agent conductive carbon black and a first binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare first anode slurry to obtain first anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a second anode slurry: and mixing a second positive electrode active material lithium iron phosphate, a second conductive agent carbon nanotube and a second binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare second anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a positive plate: and (3) coating twice by using a jump coater, and coating the two kinds of positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil. As shown in fig. 1, on the aluminum foil side: coating the second anode slurry on an AB area and a CD area on the current collector through the first skip coating, and jumping off a BC area during coating, coating the first anode slurry on the BC area through the second skip coating, wherein the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent; on the other side of the aluminum foil: the coating can be started from any end of the D end and the H end, the second anode slurry is coated in an EF area and a GH area in a jumping mode, the first anode slurry is coated in an FG area, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent. And drying the coated current collector at the temperature of 120 ℃, then cutting into small strips, cleaning an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum electrode lug to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.3, adding deionized water to prepare negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning out electrode lug grooves by using laser, and welding nickel electrode lugs to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
Example 4
Preparing a first positive electrode slurry: mixing a first positive electrode active material lithium cobaltate, a first conductive agent conductive carbon black and a first binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare first anode slurry to obtain first anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a second anode slurry: and mixing a second positive electrode active material ternary material, a second conductive agent conductive carbon black and a second binder polyvinylidene fluoride according to a ratio of 97: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1, adding NMP, and stirring to prepare second anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%;
preparing a positive plate: and (3) coating twice by using a jump coater, and coating the two kinds of positive electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil. As shown in fig. 1, on the aluminum foil side: coating the second anode slurry on an AB area and a CD area on the current collector through the first skip coating, and jumping off a BC area during coating, coating the first anode slurry on the BC area through the second skip coating, wherein the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent; on the other side of the aluminum foil: the coating can be started from any end of the D end and the H end, the second anode slurry is coated in an EF area and a GH area in a jumping mode, the first anode slurry is coated in an FG area, and the coating thicknesses of the two anode slurries are consistent. And drying the coated current collector at the temperature of 120 ℃, then cutting into small strips, cleaning an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum electrode lug to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: 1.3, adding the mixture into a stirring tank, adding deionized water to prepare a negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning out a polar lug groove by using laser, and welding nickel polar lugs to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
Comparative example 1
The positive electrode material, the conductive agent and the binder were mixed in a ratio of 96.5: 2: adding the mixture into a stirring tank according to the mass ratio of 1.5, adding NMP to prepare anode slurry, stirring to obtain anode slurry with the solid content of 70-75%, respectively coating the anode slurry on the surfaces of two sides of an aluminum foil by using a coating machine, drying the coated aluminum foil at the temperature of 120 ℃, cutting the aluminum foil into small strips, cleaning an electrode lug groove, rolling, and welding an aluminum lug to obtain the anode sheet.
Preparing a negative plate: mixing a graphite negative electrode material, a conductive agent, a binder and a dispersing agent according to a ratio of 96.9: 0.5: 1.3: 1.3, adding the mixture into a stirring tank, adding deionized water to prepare a negative electrode slurry, wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 40-45%, coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil by using a coating machine, drying at 100 ℃, rolling, cutting into small strips, cleaning out a polar lug groove by using laser, and welding nickel polar lugs to obtain a negative electrode sheet;
assembling the battery cell: and winding the obtained positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm together to form a winding core, packaging by using an aluminum plastic film, baking to remove moisture, injecting electrolyte, and forming by adopting a hot-pressing formation process to obtain the battery core.
The battery cells prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to 0.2C/0.2C charge-discharge testing at 25 ℃ for cell capacity, the energy density of the battery was calculated according to the capacity, voltage, thickness, width and height, and the cycle performance of 3C/1C at 25 ℃ was tested, and the battery was disassembled at different cycle times to confirm the lithium deposition at the tab position, and the lithium deposition at the tab position and the energy density were as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test results
As can be seen from table 1, in the battery cell in the embodiment, the lithium precipitation condition at the tab position can be obviously improved, the battery cell deformation and expansion caused by lithium precipitation of the battery cell are obviously improved, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A positive electrode sheet, comprising:
the current collector is provided with a first coating and a second coating on at least one side surface, the first coating and the second coating on the same side surface of the current collector are positioned in different areas, and the first coating area is provided with a polar lug groove;
the lug is arranged in the lug groove and is connected with the current collector;
wherein the mobility rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer is less than the mobility rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer; the first coating layer has a conductivity less than the conductivity of the second coating layer; and/or
The particle size in the first coating layer is larger than the particle size in the second coating layer; and/or
The migration path of lithium ions in the first coating layer is larger than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer.
2. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the current collector is provided on both side surfaces thereof with the first coating layer and the second coating layer, respectively, and the first coating layer region on one side surface of the current collector is provided with the tab groove in which the tab is provided.
3. The positive plate according to claim 1, wherein at least one side surface of the current collector is provided with a first region, a second region and a third region, the first region and the third region are distributed at a distance, the second region is located between the first region and the third region, the first region and the third region are respectively coated with the second coating, and the second region is coated with the first coating.
4. The positive electrode tab according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first coating layer is 1/6-1/3 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating layer and the second coating layer, and the length of the second coating layer is 2/3-5/6 of the sum of the lengths of the first coating layer and the second coating layer.
5. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the first coating layer comprises: a first positive electrode active material, a first conductive agent, and a first binder;
the second coating comprises: a second positive electrode active material, a second conductive agent, and a second binder; and/or
The first coating layer includes a first positive electrode active material therein, the second coating layer includes a second positive electrode active material therein, and the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material respectively include: at least one of lithium cobaltate, ternary material, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate or lithium-rich manganese; and/or
The first coating comprises a first conductive agent, the second coating comprises a second conductive agent, and the first conductive agent and the second conductive agent respectively comprise:
at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene or metal powder; and/or
The first coating includes a first binder therein, the second coating includes a second binder therein, and the first and second binders respectively include:
at least one of styrene butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, lithium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate and polyvinylidene fluoride.
6. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein a first positive electrode active material is included in the first coating layer, and a second positive electrode active material is included in the second coating layer, wherein the first positive electrode active material is single crystal particles and the second positive electrode active material is polycrystalline particles; and/or
The particle size Dv50 of the first positive electrode active material is greater than the particle size Dv50 of the second positive electrode active material; and/or
The first positive electrode active material has a conductivity smaller than that of the second positive electrode active material; and/or
The first positive electrode active material is lithium cobaltate, and the second positive electrode active material is a ternary material; and/or
The surfaces of the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material are respectively coated with carbon material layers, and the thickness of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the first positive electrode active material is smaller than that of the carbon material layer coated on the surface of the second positive electrode active material.
7. The positive electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein a first conductive agent is included in the first coating layer, and a second conductive agent is included in the second coating layer, and the content of the first conductive agent is smaller than that of the second conductive agent.
8. A method for preparing a positive plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a current collector;
forming a first coating layer and a second coating layer on at least one side surface of the current collector, wherein the first coating layer and the second coating layer on the same side surface of the current collector are located in different areas, and a polar lug groove is formed in the first coating area;
forming a tab in the tab groove, wherein the tab is connected with the current collector;
wherein the mobility rate of lithium ions in the first coating layer is less than the mobility rate of lithium ions in the second coating layer;
the first coating layer has a conductivity less than the conductivity of the second coating layer; and/or
The particle size in the first coating layer is larger than the particle size in the second coating layer; and/or
The migration path of lithium ions in the first coating layer is larger than that of lithium ions in the second coating layer.
9. A battery comprising the positive electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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