CN111952392A - Solar cell, solar cell cutting method and laminated photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Solar cell, solar cell cutting method and laminated photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a solar cell, a solar cell cutting method and a laminated photovoltaic module. The first surface of the solar cell is provided with a plurality of first main grids, the second surface of the solar cell is provided with a plurality of second main grids, and no auxiliary grid is arranged between the adjacent first main grids; the projection is carried out along the thickness direction, the projections of the first main grids and the second main grids are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between the adjacent first main grids and the second main grids on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent first main grids on the first surface or 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent second main grids on the second surface.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a solar cell, a solar cell cutting method and a laminated photovoltaic module.
Background
The front electrode of the conventional solar cell consists of metal secondary grid lines and main grid lines, the shading area of the grid lines accounts for 2.5% -3% of the light receiving area of the solar cell, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is reduced because the grid lines can shield sunlight to a certain extent. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a device that can increase the effective light-receiving area, thereby improving the efficiency of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a solar cell, a solar cell cutting method and a laminated photovoltaic module, wherein no gap exists between solar cells in the laminated photovoltaic module, the light receiving area is large, and the side facing the sun is free of grid lines, so that the light receiving area of the laminated photovoltaic module is increased, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell, where a first surface of the solar cell is provided with a plurality of first main grids, a second surface of the solar cell is provided with a plurality of second main grids, and no auxiliary grid is arranged between adjacent first main grids;
the projection is carried out along the thickness direction, the projections of the first main grids and the second main grids are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between the adjacent first main grids and the adjacent second main grids on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent first main grids on the first surface or 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent second main grids on the second surface.
In one possible design, the width of the first main gate is the same as the width of the second main gate;
and the distance between the adjacent first main gates and the distance between the adjacent second main gates are the same along the width direction.
In one possible design, the first main gate and the second main gate are composed of an even number of fine gates.
In one possible design, along the width direction, the edge of the first surface is provided with a third main grid and the edge of the second surface is not provided with a fourth main grid; or
And in the width direction, a fourth main grid is arranged at the edge of the second surface, and a third main grid is not arranged at the edge of the first surface.
In one possible design, the width of the third main gate or the fourth main gate corresponds to 1/2 equal to the width of the first main gate or the second main gate on the same side.
In one possible design, the first main grid has a first central line and the second main grid has a second central line along the thickness direction;
the first central line and the second central line are used for cutting the solar cell to form a plurality of solar cell pieces, wherein each solar cell piece comprises a body part, a third main grid and a fourth main grid;
the body portion comprises a third surface and a fourth surface, the third main grid is located on a first edge of the third surface, the fourth main grid is located on a first edge of the fourth surface far away from the third main grid, and the second edge is opposite to the first edge.
In one possible design, the secondary grid is located on the second side of the solar cell, located between adjacent second main grids, and perpendicular to the second main grids.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for cutting a solar cell, where a plurality of first main grids are disposed on a first surface of the solar cell, a plurality of second main grids are disposed on a second surface of the solar cell, and no auxiliary grid is disposed between adjacent first main grids;
wherein, the projection is carried out along the thickness direction, the projections of the first main grids and the second main grids are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent first main grids and the second main grids on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent first main grids on the first surface or 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent second main grids on the second surface;
wherein, along the width direction, the first main grid is provided with a first central line, and the second main grid is provided with a second central line;
the cutting method comprises the following steps:
cutting the solar cell along the first center line and the second center line to form a plurality of solar cell pieces, wherein each solar cell piece comprises a body part, a third main grid and a fourth main grid;
the body part comprises a third surface and a fourth surface, the third main grid is positioned on a first edge of the third surface, the fourth main grid is positioned on a second edge of the fourth surface far away from the third main grid, and the second edge is opposite to the first edge;
and the first main grid is cut to form two third main grids, and the second main grid is cut to form two fourth main grids.
In one possible design, the third main gate and the fourth main gate have the same width.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a laminated photovoltaic module comprising a plurality of solar cells arranged in a width direction, wherein the solar cells comprise a body portion, a third main grid and a fourth main grid;
the body part comprises a third surface and a fourth surface, the third main grid is positioned on a first edge of the third surface, the fourth main grid is positioned on a second edge of the fourth surface far away from the third main grid, and the second edge is opposite to the first edge;
the adjacent solar cell piece comprises a first solar cell piece and a second solar cell piece, at least part of the first solar cell piece and the second solar cell piece are overlapped to form an overlapping region, a third main grid of the first surface of the first solar cell piece and a fourth main grid of the second surface of the second solar cell piece are located in the overlapping region and are electrically connected in an overlapping mode, and the widths of the third main grid and the fourth main grid are the same.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell provided in the present application in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 from another perspective;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a laminated photovoltaic module provided herein in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3 from another perspective;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first side of a solar cell provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second side of a solar cell provided herein;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell cut provided herein;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second side of a solar cell provided herein in another embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first main gate and a second main gate in another embodiment provided herein;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a Topcon-structured solar cell provided in the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a solar cell;
11-a body portion;
111-third face;
112-fourth face;
12-a third main gate;
121-overlap region;
13-a fourth main gate;
14-a first solar cell sheet;
15-a second solar cell;
2-a solar cell;
21-a first side;
211-a first main gate;
211 a-first centerline;
22-a second face;
221-a second main gate;
221 a-second centerline;
221 b-fine gate;
23-a sub-gate;
31-a first electrode;
32-a first passivation layer;
a 33-boron diffusion layer;
34-a semiconductor substrate;
35-a first oxide layer;
36-phosphorus doped polysilicon layer;
37-a second oxide layer;
38-a second passivation layer;
39-second electrode.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present application are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a laminated photovoltaic module, which includes a plurality of solar cells 1 arranged in a width direction X, and adjacent solar cells 1 are electrically connected in an overlapping manner (for example, in series or in parallel), wherein the plurality of solar cells 1 can absorb solar energy and convert the solar energy into electric energy, and the plurality of solar cells 1 can output the electric energy after being electrically connected. The solar cell 1 comprises a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13, at least one surface of the solar cell 1 is not provided with an auxiliary grid 23, and the main grids on at least one surface (the surface facing the sun) of the plurality of solar cells 1 are hidden in the laminated photovoltaic module, so that the surface of the module is not shielded by grid lines; the adjacent solar cell pieces 1 comprise a first solar cell piece 14 and a second solar cell piece 15, at least part of the first solar cell piece 14 and the second solar cell piece 15 are overlapped to form an overlapping region 121, and the third main grid 12 of the first solar cell piece 14 and the fourth main grid 13 of the second solar cell piece 15 are positioned in the overlapping region 121 and are in overlapping mode to form electric connection.
In the embodiment of the application, if the laminated photovoltaic module is a double-sided light receiving module, the using state of the laminated photovoltaic module is that the two sides of the laminated photovoltaic module absorb solar energy, and the auxiliary grid 23 is not arranged between the third main grid 12 and the fourth main grid 13 of the solar cell 1, so that the shading area of the solar cell 1 can be reduced, the optical loss is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion rate of the laminated photovoltaic module is improved. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the sub-gate 23 can be reduced. If the laminated photovoltaic module is a single-side light receiving module, one side of the laminated photovoltaic module absorbs solar energy in the use state, and the side, facing the sun, of the solar cell 1 is not provided with the auxiliary grid 23 so as to reduce the shading area; the side of the solar cell 1 facing away from the sun can be provided with an auxiliary grid 23 to reduce power loss during current transmission and increase the output power of the laminated photovoltaic module.
Further, when the plurality of solar cells 1 are connected in a stacked manner, a partial overlapping region 121 is formed between adjacent first solar cells 14 and adjacent second solar cells 15, each first solar cell 14 includes a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13, each second solar cell 15 includes a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13, and the third main grid 12 of the first solar cell 14 and the fourth main grid 13 of the second solar cell 15 can be connected and hidden in the overlapping region 121, so that the laminated photovoltaic module is free of main grids in appearance, the light receiving area of the laminated photovoltaic module is increased, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laminated photovoltaic module is further improved.
At least portions of the first solar cell sheet 14 and the second solar cell sheet 15 may be connected by a conductive material so as to achieve electrical connection between the first solar cell sheet 14 and the second solar cell sheet 15. Specifically, the conductive material may be a conductive adhesive, the conductive adhesive is disposed between the third main grid 12 and the fourth main grid 13, and the third main grid 12 is connected to the fourth main grid 13, so that the first solar cell 14 is electrically connected to the second solar cell 15. Alternatively, the conductive material may be solder, and the solder is disposed between the third main grid 12 and the fourth main grid 13, so that at least a portion of the first solar cell piece 14 and the second solar cell piece 15 can be connected by soldering to achieve electrical connection therebetween. In some embodiments, the width of the conductive material may be equal to or less than the width of the third and fourth main gates 12 and 13.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, in one possible design, the solar cell sheet 1 is formed by cutting the solar cell 2, and the solar cell 2 is a silicon-based solar cell 2. For example, the solar cell 2 may include, but is not limited to, a PERC, PERT, TOPCon, HJT, etc. cell. Preferably, the solar cell 2 is a PERC or TOPCon cell. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, the solar cell may be a solar cell having a Topcon structure, and as shown in fig. 10, the solar cell includes a first electrode 31, a first passivation layer 32, a boron diffusion layer 33, a semiconductor substrate 34, a first oxide layer 35, a phosphorus-doped polysilicon layer 36, a second oxide layer 37, a second passivation layer 38, and a second electrode 39, which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. It should be noted that the first electrode 31 passes through the first passivation layer 32 to form an ohmic contact with the boron diffusion layer 33, the second electrode 39 passes through the second passivation layer 38, the second oxide layer 37 to form an ohmic contact with the phosphorus-doped polysilicon layer 36, and the phosphorus-doped polysilicon layer 36 and the first oxide layer 35 form a TopCon structure.
The first oxide layer 35 is a tunneling oxide layer, such as an ultra-thin silicon oxide layer. The second oxide layer 37 is an ultra-thin oxide layer similar to the first oxide layer 35, for example, the second oxide layer 37 is a silicon oxide layer. For another example, the second oxide layer 37 is a titanium oxide layer. The thickness of the second oxide layer 37 is in the range of 0.5nm to 5 nm.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific materials of the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 39 are not limited. For example, the first electrode 31 is a silver electrode or a silver/aluminum electrode, and the second electrode 39 is a silver electrode.
The first passivation layer 32 and the second passivation layer 38 are not limited to specific types, and may be, for example, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, an aluminum oxide/silicon nitride stacked structure, or the like.
In some embodiments, the solar cell 2 includes a first side 21 and a second side 22 along the thickness direction Z, the first side 21 of the solar cell 2 is provided with a plurality of first main grids 211 to enable carriers (current carriers) formed by the solar cell 2 to be laterally transferred to the adjacent first main grids 211, and the second side 22 of the solar cell 2 is provided with a plurality of second main grids 221 to enable carriers (current carriers) formed by the solar cell 2 to be laterally transferred to the adjacent second main grids 221. This eliminates the provision of the sub-grid 23 on the solar cell 2, thereby reducing the light shielding area of the sub-grid 23 with respect to the solar cell 2. The solar cell 2 projects along the thickness direction Z, the projections of the first main grids 211 and the second main grids 221 are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent first main grids 211 and the adjacent second main grids 221 on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent first main grids 211 on the first surface 21 or 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent second main grids 221 on the second surface 22.
As shown in fig. 7, in the thickness direction Z, the first main gate 211 has a first center line 211a, and the second main gate 221 has a second center line 221 a; the first center line 211a and the second center line 221a are used for cutting the solar cell 2 to form a plurality of solar cell pieces 1, wherein each solar cell piece 1 includes a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13. Wherein, along the thickness direction Z, the projections of the third main grating 12 and the fourth main grating 13 are arranged in a staggered manner.
In the embodiment of the present application, projections of the first main grating 211 and the second main grating 221 of the solar cell 2 in the thickness direction Z are arranged in a staggered manner, and the solar cell 2 is cut along the first center line 211a and the second center line 221a, so that a plurality of solar cells 1 can be formed, and each first main grating 211 is cut to form two third main gratings 12, and each second main grating 221 is cut to form two fourth main gratings 13. Each solar cell 1 comprises a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13, and the third main grid 12 and the fourth main grid 13 are positioned on different sides of the opposite surfaces of the solar cell 1, so that when a plurality of solar cells 1 are connected in a stacked manner, the third main grid 12 of the solar cell 1 is connected with the fourth main grid 13 of the adjacent solar cell 1 and positioned in the overlapping region 121 of the adjacent solar cell 1.
The first main gate 211 and the second main gate 221 each include a plurality of fine gates 221 b. Specifically, the first main gate 211 and the second main gate 221 may be a single metal gate line or a plurality of thin metal gate lines, and the thin metal gate lines are connected by a through line, and the first central line 211a and the second central line 221a are respectively located at the middle portions of the corresponding thin metal gate lines. A plurality of thin metal gate lines may be disposed in an even number so as to be symmetrical to the cutting of the first and second main gates 211 and 221. Alternatively, when a plurality of solar cells 1 are connected in a stacked manner, each thin metal grid line on the back surface of a solar cell 1 is correspondingly connected with each thin metal grid line on the front surface of an adjacent solar cell 1. By arranging the first main grid 211 and the second main grid 221 as a plurality of thin metal grid lines, the area of the main grid covering the solar cell 2 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the main grid can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 5 and 8, the first surface 21 of the solar cell 2 may be a surface facing the sun, the second surface 22 of the solar cell 2 is a surface facing away from the sun, and no sub-grid 23 is disposed between adjacent first main grids 211, so that no sub-grid 23 is disposed between adjacent third main grids 12, thereby reducing the light shielding area of the sub-grid 23 and improving the photoelectric conversion rate of the solar cell 2. The sub-grids 23 are located on the second side 22 of the solar cell 2, between adjacent second main grids 221, and perpendicular to the second main grids 221. Alternatively, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the solar cell 2 both face the sun, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of the solar cell 2 both can receive light, and the sub-grid 23 is not arranged between adjacent first main grids 211 and between adjacent second main grids 221, so that the sub-grid 23 is not arranged between adjacent third main grids 12 and adjacent fourth main grids 13.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first main grids 211 are equidistantly distributed on the first surface 21, and the second main grids 221 are equidistantly distributed on the second surface 22. Also, the pitch of the adjacent first main gates 211 is the same as the pitch of the adjacent second main gates 221 in the width direction X. The adjacent first center lines 211a are spaced apart from the second center lines 221a by the same distance. So as to cut the first main grid 211 into two third main grids 12 with the same width along the first central line 211a, and cut the second main grid 221 into two fourth main grids 13 with the same width along the second central line 221a, so that when two adjacent solar cells 1 are connected in an overlapping manner, the third main grids 12 can be connected to the adjacent fourth main grids 13 in an opposite manner.
The distance between the adjacent first main grids 211 and the adjacent second main grids 221 may be set to be 40mm to 50mm, such as 40mm, 45mm, 50 mm.
Specifically, taking the first main grids 211 as an example, if the distance between adjacent first main grids 211 is too small (e.g. less than 40mm), which results in too small size of each solar cell 1, the overlapping area of the laminated photovoltaic module will increase without changing the size of the laminated photovoltaic module, which results in partial waste of the solar cells 1; if the spacing between adjacent first main grids 211 is too large (e.g., greater than 50mm), the lateral transport distance of carriers formed on the laminated photovoltaic module increases, the transport loss increases, and the efficiency of photoelectric conversion decreases.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in one possible design, the edge of the first face 21 is provided with the third main grid 12 and the edge of the second face 22 is not provided with the fourth main grid 13 along the width direction X; alternatively, the fourth main gate 13 is provided at the edge of the second surface 22 and the third main gate 12 is not provided at the edge of the first surface 21 in the width direction X.
In the embodiment of the application, the third main grid 12 is arranged at the edge of the first surface 21 or the fourth main grid 13 is arranged at the edge of the second surface 22, so that the risk that the two solar cells 1 at the edges cannot be used because only the fourth main grid 13 or the third main grid 12 is arranged on the solar cell 1 at the edge when the solar cell 2 is cut is reduced, and the cost waste can be effectively reduced.
In one possible design, the width of the first main gate 211 is 200 μm to 800 μm; the width of the second main gate 221 is 200 to 800 μm. Wherein, the widths of the first main gate 211 and the second main gate 221 may be the same. The width of the third main gate 12 is 100 to 400 μm, and the width of the fourth main gate 13 is 100 to 400 μm. The width of the third main gate 12 disposed at the edge of the first surface 21 is half of the width of the first main gate 211 in the non-edge region, and the width of the fourth main gate 13 disposed at the edge of the second surface 22 is half of the width of the second main gate 221 in the non-edge region.
Specifically, taking the first main gate 211 as an example, if the width of the first main gate 211 is too small (e.g., less than 200 μm), the gate line of the first main gate 211 is thin, the manufacturing process is complex, and the gate breaking phenomenon is easy to occur; if the width of the first main gate 211 is too large (e.g., greater than 200 μm), the gate line of the first main gate 211 is thick, which increases the cost of the gate line.
In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for cutting a solar cell 2, along the thickness direction Z, the solar cell 2 includes a first surface 21 and a second surface 22, the first surface 21 is provided with a plurality of first main grids 211, the second surface 22 is provided with a plurality of second main grids 221, and along the thickness direction Z, projections of the first main grids 211 and the second main grids 221 are arranged in a staggered manner; along the width direction X, the first main gate 211 has a first center line 211a, and the second main gate 221 has a second center line 221 a; the cutting method comprises the following steps: cutting the solar cell 2 along the first center line 211a and the second center line 221a to form a plurality of solar cell pieces 1, the solar cell pieces 1 including a body part 11, a third main grid 12 and a fourth main grid 13; the first main gate 211 is cut to form two third main gates 12, and the second main gate 221 is cut to form two fourth main gates 13. In the implementation of the application, the solar cell 2 is cut by the cutting method, the solar cell 2 is cut to form a plurality of solar cells 1, and the plurality of first main grids 211 and the plurality of second main grids 221 on the solar cell 2 are converted into the solar cells 1, and each solar cell 1 is provided with the third main grid 12 and the fourth main grid 13.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one possible design, the body 11 includes a third surface 111 and a fourth surface 112 along the thickness direction Z, the third main grid 12 is located at a first edge of the third surface 111, the fourth main grid 13 is located at a second edge of the fourth surface 112 far from the third main grid 12, and the second edge and the first edge are located at opposite sides of the solar cell 1 and at ends far from each other. In the embodiment of the present application, the third main grid 12 of the first solar cell 14 is located at the first edge of the third surface 111, and the fourth main grid 13 of the second solar cell 15 is located at the second edge of the fourth surface 112 far from the third main grid 12. When the adjacent solar cells 1 are connected in series, at least a portion of the third surface 111 of the first solar cell 14 overlaps at least a portion of the fourth surface 112 of the second solar cell 15, so that the third main grid 12 is connected to the fourth main grid 13 and hidden in the overlapping region 121 of the first solar cell 14 and the second solar cell 15.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one possible design, the third main gate 12 and the fourth main gate 13 have the same width so that they can be connected oppositely.
As shown in fig. 9, in another possible design, the first surface 21 of the solar cell 2 is provided with a plurality of first main grids 211, the second surface 22 of the solar cell 2 is provided with a plurality of second main grids 221, each of the first main grids 211 and the second main grids 221 includes a plurality of fine grids 221b, the plurality of fine grids 221b are arranged in parallel and densely along the width direction X, and the plurality of fine grids 221b are connected by a through line. The main grid is arranged into the plurality of fine grids 221b, so that the hollow-out rate of the solar cell covered by the main grid can be improved, the area of the main grid is reduced, and the light receiving area of the solar cell is increased.
Wherein, the number of the fine gates 221b included in each of the first main gate 211 and the second main gate 221 is 2-10, and the width of each fine gate 221b is 10 μm-100 μm.
Further, when the second surface 22 faces away from the sun, the second surface 22 may be provided with a secondary grid 23, and the secondary grid 23 is connected with the through line.
The first main gate 211, the second main gate 221, the third main gate 12, the fourth main gate 13, the sub-gate 23 and the through line in the above embodiments may be made of metal, such as silver, copper, aluminum, etc., which has an advantage of conductivity. The first main grid 211, the second main grid 221, the third main grid 12, the fourth main grid 13, the auxiliary grid 23 and the through wires can be prepared by screen printing sintering, electroplating and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A solar cell, characterized in that a first side (21) of the solar cell (2) is provided with a plurality of first main grids (211), a second side (22) of the solar cell (2) is provided with a plurality of second main grids (221), and no sub-grids (23) are arranged between adjacent first main grids (211);
wherein, projection is carried out along the thickness direction (Z), the projections of the first main grids (211) and the second main grids (221) are staggered and arranged equidistantly, and the distance between the adjacent first main grids (211) and the second main grids (221) on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent first main grids (211) on the first surface (21) or 1/2 of the distance between the adjacent second main grids (221) on the second surface (22).
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the first main grid (211) and the second main grid (221) have the same width;
the distance between the adjacent first main gates (211) is the same as the distance between the adjacent second main gates (221) along the width direction (X).
3. Solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the first main grid (211) and the second main grid (221) consist of an even number of fine grids (221 b).
4. Solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the width direction (X), the edge of the first face (21) is provided with a third main grid (12) and the edge of the second face (22) is not provided with a fourth main grid (13); or
In the width direction (X), a fourth main grid (13) is arranged at the edge of the second surface (22) and a third main grid (12) is not arranged at the edge of the first surface (21).
5. Solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that the width of the third main grid (12) or the fourth main grid (13) corresponds to 1/2 of the width of the first main grid (211) or the second main grid (221) on the same side.
6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the thickness direction (Z), the first main grid (211) has a first centre line (211a) and the second main grid (221) has a second centre line (221 a);
the first central line (211a) and the second central line (221a) are used for cutting the solar cell (2) to form a plurality of solar cell pieces (1), wherein each solar cell piece (1) comprises a body part (11), a third main grid (12) and a fourth main grid (13);
the body portion (11) comprises a third face (111) and a fourth face (112), the third main grid (12) is located at a first edge of the third face (111), the fourth main grid (13) is located at a second edge of the fourth face (112) far away from the third main grid (12), and the second edge is opposite to the first edge.
7. The solar cell according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the secondary grid (23) is located on the second side (22) of the solar cell (2), between adjacent second main grids (221), and perpendicular to the second main grids (221).
8. A method for cutting a solar cell is characterized in that a plurality of first main grids (211) are arranged on a first surface (21) of the solar cell (2), a plurality of second main grids (221) are arranged on a second surface (22) of the solar cell (2), and a sub-grid (23) is not arranged between the adjacent first main grids (211);
wherein, projection is carried out along the thickness direction (Z), the projections of the first main grids (211) and the second main grids (221) are staggered and arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent first main grids (211) and the second main grids (221) on the projection surface is equal to 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent first main grids (211) on the first surface (21) or 1/2 of the interval between the adjacent second main grids (221) on the second surface (22);
wherein, in the width direction (X), the first main gate (211) has a first centre line (211a) and the second main gate (221) has a second centre line (221 a);
the cutting method comprises the following steps:
cutting the solar cell (2) along the first center line (211a) and the second center line (221a) to form a plurality of solar cell pieces (1), the solar cell pieces (1) comprising a body part (11), a third main grid (12) and a fourth main grid (13);
the body part (11) comprises a third face (111) and a fourth face (112), the third main grid (12) is located at a first edge of the third face (111), the fourth main grid (13) is located at a second edge of the fourth face (112) far away from the third main grid (12), and the second edge is opposite to the first edge;
the first main grid (211) is cut to form two third main grids (12), and the second main grid (221) is cut to form two fourth main grids (13).
9. The method for cutting a solar cell according to claim 8, wherein the third main grid (12) and the fourth main grid (13) have the same width.
10. A laminated photovoltaic module, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of solar cells (1) arranged in a width direction (X), wherein the solar cells (1) comprise a body portion (11), a third main grid (12) and a fourth main grid (13);
the body part (11) comprises a third face (111) and a fourth face (112), the third main grid (12) is located at a first edge of the third face (111), the fourth main grid (13) is located at a second edge of the fourth face (112) far away from the third main grid (12), and the second edge is opposite to the first edge;
the adjacent solar cell piece (1) comprises a first solar cell piece (14) and a second solar cell piece (15), the first solar cell piece (14) and the second solar cell piece (15) are at least partially overlapped to form an overlapping region (121), a third main grid (12) of a first face (21) of the first solar cell piece (14) and a fourth main grid (13) of a second face (22) of the second solar cell piece (15) are located in the overlapping region (121) and are electrically connected in an overlapping mode, and the widths of the third main grid (12) and the fourth main grid (13) are the same.
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