CN111951716B - Pixel circuit, driving method and display - Google Patents

Pixel circuit, driving method and display Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111951716B
CN111951716B CN201910365156.2A CN201910365156A CN111951716B CN 111951716 B CN111951716 B CN 111951716B CN 201910365156 A CN201910365156 A CN 201910365156A CN 111951716 B CN111951716 B CN 111951716B
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transistor
node
electrode
voltage
signal
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CN111951716A (en
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周兴雨
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EverDisplay Optronics Shanghai Co Ltd
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EverDisplay Optronics Shanghai Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pixel circuit, a driving method and a display, wherein the pixel circuit comprises: a compensation unit including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; a first electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a data signal, a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first node, and a grid electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a first scanning signal; a first electrode of a second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third node; the first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third node, and the second electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node. The invention can realize the large width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor of the compensation unit, thereby realizing the increase of the charging current in the state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.

Description

Pixel circuit, driving method and display
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a pixel circuit, a driving method, and a display.
Background
In the conventional pixel circuit, the light emitting diode in the pixel circuit is generally driven to emit light by a thin film transistor, which is called a driving transistor. The driving transistor operates in a saturated state because the driving current output by the driving transistor has lower sensitivity to the source-drain voltage than the driving transistor in a linear state in the saturated state, and can provide a more stable driving current for the light emitting diode. Fig. 1 shows a conventional pixel circuit, which is formed by two transistors T11 and T12 and a capacitor C11, as shown in fig. 1. When the Sn signal controls the transistor T12 to be turned on, the data signal data is written into the N1 node to charge the capacitor C11, and simultaneously the driving transistor T11 is turned on, and the driving current generated by the driving transistor T11 causes the light emitting diode EL11 between the first power source ELVDD and the second power source ELVSS to emit light. The magnitude of the drive current is related to the threshold voltage of T11. However, due to the threshold shift phenomenon, the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T11 is not stable, and thus the driving current is shifted, so that the brightness of the light emitting diode is not uniform.
To solve the above problems, designers have studied a series of circuits that can eliminate the influence of the threshold shift of the driving transistor, called threshold compensation circuits. FIG. 2 is a diagram of the prior art As shown in fig. 2, in the data writing stage, the signal Sn turns on the transistors T22 and T23 to short the gate and drain of the driving transistor T21, the signal En turns off the transistor T25, the signal Sn-1 turns off the transistor T24, the data signal data is input to the source of T21 through T22, the data signal is transmitted to the gate through the drain of T21 due to the short circuit of the gate and drain of T21, and the capacitor C21 starts to store charge so that the gate voltage of T22 gradually drops to (V data +V TH ) After that, T21 enters an off state, and C21 stops charging. In the light emitting stage, the signal En controls the transistor T25 to be turned on, the signal Sn-1 turns off the transistor T24, the signal Sn turns off the transistors T22 and T23, the power ELVDD is transmitted to the driving transistor T21 through the transistor T25, and the magnitude of the driving current is not related to the threshold voltage of the driving transistor T21 any more.
However, in the conventional threshold compensation circuit represented by fig. 2, only the transistor T25 is spaced between the power supply ELVDD and the data signal in the data writing stage, and the data signal is very susceptible to the power supply ELVDD due to the voltage of the power supply ELVDD far from other signal voltages and the presence of the T25 leakage current, thereby affecting the light emitting stability of the light emitting diode.
In addition, the pixel circuits in the prior art have an initializing function, such as the N2 node voltage in fig. 2, that is, the gate voltage of the driving transistor T21, and some pixel circuits can initialize the anode of the light emitting diode at the same time. For the pixel circuit capable of initializing the grid electrode of the driving transistor only, the problem of unstable light emission of the light emitting diode is caused because the light emitting diode is not initialized, and for the pixel circuit capable of initializing the grid electrode of the driving transistor and the anode of the light emitting diode simultaneously, the problem of insufficient circuit safety is caused.
Furthermore, the resolution of the display is required to be higher in the market, and as the resolution of the display is higher, the charging time of the pixel circuit is shortened, the compensation time is shortened, and when the compensation time is shortened and the charging current is also reduced, the compensation effect is deteriorated, and the display quality is reduced. The charge current of the pixel circuit is proportional to the width-to-length ratio of the transistor, and in order to stabilize the current during light emission, it is objectively required that the width-to-length ratio of the driving transistor is small, and if the driving transistor and the compensation transistor are identical, there is no solution to this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provides a pixel circuit, a driving method, and a display, so as to achieve an increase in charging current in a state where the charging time of the pixel circuit of a high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pixel circuit including:
a compensation unit including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; a first electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a data signal, a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first node, and a grid electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a first scanning signal; a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second node, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third node; a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third node, a second electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a gate of the third transistor is externally connected with a first scanning signal;
a driving unit sharing the second transistor with the compensation unit, the driving unit further including a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a sixth transistor; the first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to an external power supply, and the grid electrode of the fourth transistor is externally connected with a first control signal; the second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, the first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the third node, the second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode of the fifth transistor, the gate of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, the second electrode of the fifth transistor is externally connected to a light emitting unit, and the gate of the fifth transistor is externally connected to a first control signal;
A capacitor, a first polar plate of which is electrically connected to the external power supply, and a second polar plate of which is electrically connected to the second node; and
the initialization unit is externally connected with a second scanning signal, a third scanning signal, an initialization signal and a light-emitting unit, the initialization unit is electrically connected with the second node, and is used for initializing the second node by the initialization signal under the control of the second scanning signal and initializing the light-emitting unit by the initialization signal under the control of the third scanning signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the initialization unit includes a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is externally connected to an initialization signal, a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a gate of the seventh transistor is externally connected to a second scan signal; the first electrode of the eighth transistor is externally connected with the initialization signal, the grid electrode of the eighth transistor is externally connected with a third scanning signal, and the second electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the light emitting unit.
In an embodiment of the invention, the third transistor and the seventh transistor are both thin film transistors with dual gate structures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the compensation unit further includes a ninth transistor coupled between the third transistor and the third node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the third node, a second electrode of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the first electrode of the third transistor, and a gate of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the second node.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the ninth transistor is not greater than the length of the sixth transistor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the third scan signal is the first scan signal or the second scan signal.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a pixel circuit driving method which is applied to the pixel circuit, and comprises the following steps:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor to be turned on by the second scan signal to initialize the second node by the initialization signal, the second node writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor and the sixth transistor being turned on;
a data writing stage, wherein the first transistor and the third transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first scanning signal, so that the voltage of the data signal is written into a second node through the first transistor, the second transistor and the third transistor until the voltage of the second node reaches a first voltage, and the first voltage is the voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the data signal through the second transistor in the compensation unit; the capacitor is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit by the initialization signal, and writing an initialization voltage to an anode of the light emitting unit;
And in a light emitting stage, the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first control signal so that the external power supply is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit, and the capacitor keeps the voltage of the second node to be a first voltage.
Further, the present invention also provides another pixel circuit driving method, which is applied to the pixel circuit as described above, and includes:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor to be turned on by the second scan signal to initialize the second node by the initialization signal, the second node writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor, the sixth transistor and the ninth transistor being turned on;
a data writing stage, wherein the first transistor and the third transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first scanning signal, so that the voltage of the data signal is written into a second node through the first transistor, the second transistor, the ninth transistor and the third transistor until the voltage of the second node reaches a first voltage, and the first voltage is a voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the data signal through the ninth transistor and the second transistor in the compensation unit; the capacitor is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit by the initialization signal, and writing an initialization voltage to an anode of the light emitting unit;
And in a light emitting stage, the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first control signal so that the external power supply is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit, and the capacitor keeps the voltage of the second node to be a first voltage.
Optionally, the gate electrode of the eighth transistor and the first electrode are controlled to be shorted by the third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is also provided a display comprising a pixel circuit as described above.
The invention can realize the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit and obviously improve the compensation effect of the pixel circuit while improving the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode.
Further, compared with the prior art, the invention can realize that the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor of the compensation unit is increased, so that the charging current can be increased in a state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it will be apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional basic pixel circuit;
FIG. 2 is a prior art threshold compensation circuit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial implementation of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial implementation of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a driving method of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a driving method of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a driving signal of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit according to the embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial implementation of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 3; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the pixel circuit includes: a compensation unit 1, a driving unit 2, a capacitor C5 and an initialization unit 3; the compensation unit 1, the compensation unit 1 includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, and a third transistor T3; a first electrode of the first transistor T1 is externally connected with a DATA signal DATA, a second electrode of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to a first node N1, and a gate of the first transistor T1 is externally connected with a first scan signal Sn; a first electrode of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first node N1, a gate of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a second electrode of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the third node N3; a first electrode of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the third node N3, a second electrode of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a gate of the third transistor T3 is externally connected to a first scan signal Sn; the driving unit 2, the driving unit 2 shares the second transistor T2 with the compensating unit 1, the driving unit 2 further includes a fourth transistor T4, a fifth transistor T5, and a sixth transistor T6; the first electrode of the fourth transistor T4 is connected to an external power source ELVDD, and the gate of the fourth transistor T4 is externally connected with a first control signal En; the second electrode of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first electrode of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the third node N3, the second electrode of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the fifth transistor T5, the gate electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, the second electrode of the fifth transistor T5 is externally connected to the light emitting unit EL4, and the gate electrode of the fifth transistor T5 is externally connected to the first control signal En; a first plate of the capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the external power source ELVDD, and a second plate of the capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the second node N2; the initialization unit 3 is externally connected with a second scan signal Sn-1, a third scan signal, an initialization signal VINT and a light emitting unit EL4, the initialization unit 3 is electrically connected with the second node N2, the initialization unit 3 is configured to initialize the second node N2 by using the initialization signal VINT under the control of the second scan signal Sn-1, and to initialize the light emitting unit EL4 by using the initialization signal VINT under the control of the third scan signal.
In this embodiment, in the compensation state, the compensation transistor is formed by the second transistor T2, and in the light-emitting state, the driving transistor is formed by the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6, so that the driving transistor and the compensation transistor share the second transistor T2, and the aspect ratio of the compensation transistor can be larger than that of the driving transistor, and further, the charging current can be increased in the state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
Optionally, the initializing unit 3 includes a seventh transistor T7 and an eighth transistor T8, a first electrode of the seventh transistor T7 is externally connected to an initializing signal VINT, a second electrode of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a gate of the seventh transistor T7 is externally connected to a second scan signal Sn-1; the first electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is externally connected to the initialization signal VINT, the gate electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is externally connected to a third scan signal, and the second electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is connected to the light emitting unit EL4.
Further, the third transistor T3 and the seventh transistor T7 may be thin film transistors with dual gate structures.
As shown in fig. 4, the second electrode 22 of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor, and the gate 23 of the second transistor and the gate 63 of the sixth transistor are located in the same gate layer. Further, the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor are connected to the semiconductor layer 24 of the second transistor, the gate electrode 23 of the second transistor is located between the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor, the gate electrode 23 of the second transistor and the semiconductor layer 24 of the second transistor, and an insulating layer (not shown in the figure) is provided between the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor. The first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor are connected to the semiconductor layer 64 of the sixth transistor, the gate electrode 63 of the sixth transistor is located between the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor, the gate electrode 63 of the sixth transistor and the semiconductor layer 64 of the sixth transistor, and insulating layers (not shown in the figure) are provided between the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor.
In this embodiment, the third scan signal may be the first scan signal Sn or the second scan signal Sn-1.
In summary, the compensation unit 1 is externally connected with the DATA signal DATA and the first scan signal Sn, and the compensation unit 1 is configured to set the voltage of the second node N2 to be a first voltage under the action of the first scan signal Sn, where the first voltage is a voltage after the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is compensated by the second transistor T2 in the compensation unit 1; a capacitor for maintaining the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage; the driving unit 2 is externally connected with a first control signal En, and the driving unit 2 is used for generating driving current to drive the light-emitting unit EL4 to emit light according to the first control signal En; the driving current is obtained according to the first voltage, the external power supply ELVDD and threshold voltages of the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6 of the driving unit 2; the initialization unit 3 is externally connected with a second scan signal Sn-1, a third scan signal and an initialization voltage, and the initialization unit 3 is used for initializing the second node N2 by the initialization voltage under the control of the second scan signal Sn-1 and initializing the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization voltage under the control of the third scan signal. The compensation unit 1 is externally connected with a DATA signal DATA, the driving unit 2 is electrically connected to an external power source ELVDD, so that in a DATA writing stage, the DATA signal DATA is compensated by a compensation transistor in the compensation unit 1, and a threshold voltage of the compensation transistor is compensated to a voltage of the DATA signal DATA, thereby obtaining a first voltage. Since the compensation unit 1 does not have the external power source ELVDD, the influence of the external power source ELVDD on the DATA signal DATA can be avoided. Further, in the present embodiment, in the compensation state, the compensation transistor is constituted by the second transistor T2. In the light emitting state, the driving transistor is constituted by the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6. Therefore, the compensation unit 1 and the driving unit 2 share the second transistor T2, and the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor is larger than that of the driving transistor, so that the invention can rapidly realize the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit on one hand, and can avoid the influence of the external power source ELVDD on the DATA signal DATA on the other hand, and improve the light emitting stability of the light emitting diode. In addition, the initializing unit 3 initializes the second node N2 with an initializing voltage under the control of the second scan signal Sn-1, and initializes the light emitting unit EL4 with an initializing voltage under the control of the third scan signal, so that the initializing unit 3 can initialize the second node N2 and the light emitting unit EL4 respectively in different time periods, and it is possible to prevent the pixel circuit from being burned or the power supply circuit for supplying power to the pixel circuit due to an excessive instantaneous current caused by the initializing voltage due to simultaneous initialization of the second node N2 and the light emitting unit EL4, thereby improving the safety of the pixel circuit.
The invention can realize the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit and obviously improve the compensation effect of the pixel circuit while improving the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode. Further, compared with the prior art, the invention can realize that the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor of the compensation unit is increased, so that the charging current can be increased in a state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
Correspondingly, the embodiment also provides a driving method of the pixel circuit, which is applied to the pixel circuit. Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a driving method of the pixel circuit shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the driving method of the pixel circuit includes:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor T7 to be turned on by the second scan signal Sn-1 to initialize the second node N2 by the initialization signal VINT, the second node N2 writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6 being turned on;
in the DATA writing stage, the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 are controlled to be turned on by the first scan signal Sn, so that the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is written into the second node N2 through the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3 until the voltage of the second node N2 reaches a first voltage, wherein the first voltage is a voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the DATA signal DATA through the second transistor T2 in the compensation unit 1; the capacitor C5 is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor T8 to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization signal VINT, the anode of the light emitting unit EL4 writing an initialization voltage;
In the light emitting stage, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are controlled to be turned on by the first control signal En so that the external power source ELVDD is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit EL4, the cathode of the light emitting unit EL4 is electrically connected to the second electrode ELVSS, and the capacitor C5 maintains the voltage of the second node N2 as the first voltage.
Alternatively, the gate electrode and the first electrode of the eighth transistor T8 are controlled to be shorted by the third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit EL4.
Further, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a driving signal capable of driving the pixel circuit shown in fig. 3, where, as shown in fig. 9, the driving signal includes a first scan signal Sn, a second scan signal Sn-1, and a first control signal En, which can be divided into an initialization phase, a data writing phase, and a light emitting phase in time.
In the initialization phase, the first scan signal Sn is high, the first transistor T1, the third transistor T3, and the eighth transistor T8 are turned off, and the compensation unit 11 is turned off. The second scan signal Sn-1 is at a low level, the seventh transistor T7 is turned on to initialize the second node N2 by the initialization signal VINT, the second node N2 is written with an initialization voltage, and the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6 are turned on;
In the DATA writing stage, the first scan signal Sn is low level, the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 are turned on, so that the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is written into the second node N2 via the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2 and the third transistor T3, the capacitor C5 starts to charge until the voltage of the second node N2 reaches the first voltage, the first voltage is the voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the DATA signal DATA via the second transistor T2 in the compensation unit 1, namely V N2 =V data +V thT2 Wherein V is data For the voltage of the DATA signal DATA, V thT2 Is the threshold voltage of the second transistor T2; thereafter, the first transistor T1 is turned off, and the capacitor C5 maintains the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage. From the following componentsThe eighth transistor T8 is turned on to initialize the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization signal VINT when the third scan signal Sn-2 is the first scan signal Sn, and the anode of the light emitting unit EL4 is written with an initialization voltage; the first control signal En is at a high level, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are turned off, and the driving unit 22 is turned off.
In the light emitting stage, the first scan signal Sn is at a high level, the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 are turned off, and the compensation unit 11 is turned off; the second scan signal Sn-1 is high, and the seventh transistor T7 is turned off; the first control signal En is at a low level, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are turned on, the driving unit 22 is turned on to electrically connect the external power source ELVDD to the anode of the light emitting unit EL4, and the cathode of the light emitting unit EL4 is electrically connected to the second electrode ELVSS. The capacitor C5 maintains the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage, and can perform threshold compensation on the gate voltages of the driving transistors (i.e., the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6) in the driving unit 22, so that the driving current is no longer affected by the threshold drift of the driving transistors. The invention can realize the rapid realization of the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit while improving the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode.
Example 2
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial implementation of the pixel circuit shown in FIG. 5; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the pixel circuit includes: a compensation unit 1, a driving unit 2, a capacitor C5 and an initialization unit 3; the compensation unit 1, the compensation unit 1 includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, and a third transistor T3; a first electrode of the first transistor T1 is externally connected with a DATA signal DATA, a second electrode of the first transistor T1 is electrically connected to a first node N1, and a gate of the first transistor T1 is externally connected with a first scan signal Sn; a first electrode of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the first node N1, a gate of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a second electrode of the second transistor T2 is electrically connected to the third node N3; a first electrode of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the third node N3, a second electrode of the third transistor T3 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a gate of the third transistor T3 is externally connected to a first scan signal Sn; the driving unit 2, the driving unit 2 shares the second transistor T2 with the compensating unit 1, the driving unit 2 further includes a fourth transistor T4, a fifth transistor T5, and a sixth transistor T6; the first electrode of the fourth transistor T4 is connected to an external power source ELVDD, and the gate of the fourth transistor T4 is externally connected with a first control signal En; the second electrode of the fourth transistor T4 is electrically connected to the first node N1, the first electrode of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the third node N3, the second electrode of the sixth transistor T6 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the fifth transistor T5, the gate electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, the second electrode of the fifth transistor T5 is externally connected to the light emitting unit EL4, and the gate electrode of the fifth transistor T5 is externally connected to the first control signal En; a first plate of the capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the external power source ELVDD, and a second plate of the capacitor C5 is electrically connected to the second node N2; the initialization unit 3 includes a seventh transistor T7 and an eighth transistor T8, wherein a first electrode of the seventh transistor T7 is externally connected to an initialization signal VINT, a second electrode of the seventh transistor T7 is electrically connected to the second node N2, and a gate of the seventh transistor T7 is externally connected to a second scan signal Sn-1; the first electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is externally connected to the initialization signal VINT, the gate electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is externally connected to a third scan signal, and the second electrode of the eighth transistor T8 is connected to the light emitting unit EL4.
The compensation unit 1 further comprises a ninth transistor T9, the ninth transistor T9 being coupled between the third transistor T3 and the third node N3, a first electrode 91 of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the third node N3, a second electrode 92 of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the first electrode of the third transistor T3, a gate 93 of the ninth transistor being electrically connected to the second node N2.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the sixth transistor T6 and the ninth transistor T9 may be common-gate transistors, which have the same size and similar positions and almost the same threshold voltage. Further, the second electrode 22 of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the first electrode 91 of the ninth transistor. The gate 23 of the second transistor is located at the same gate layer as the gate 63 of the sixth transistor and the gate 93 of the ninth transistor. Further, the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor are connected to the semiconductor layer 24 of the second transistor, the gate electrode 23 of the second transistor is located between the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor, the gate electrode 23 of the second transistor and the semiconductor layer 24 of the second transistor, and an insulating layer (not shown in the figure) is provided between the first electrode 21 of the second transistor and the second electrode 22 of the second transistor. The first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor are connected to the semiconductor layer 64 of the sixth transistor, the gate electrode 63 of the sixth transistor is located between the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor, the gate electrode 63 of the sixth transistor and the semiconductor layer 64 of the sixth transistor, and insulating layers (not shown in the figure) are provided between the first electrode 61 of the sixth transistor and the second electrode 62 of the sixth transistor. The first electrode 91 of the ninth transistor and the second electrode 92 of the ninth transistor are connected to the semiconductor layer 94 of the ninth transistor, the gate 93 of the ninth transistor is located between the first electrode 91 of the ninth transistor and the second electrode 92 of the ninth transistor, the gate 93 of the ninth transistor and the semiconductor layer 94 of the ninth transistor, and an insulating layer (not shown in the figure) is provided between the first electrode 91 of the ninth transistor and the second electrode 92 of the ninth transistor.
Optionally, the third scan signal is the first scan signal Sn or the second scan signal Sn-1.
In summary, the compensation unit 1 is externally connected with the DATA signal DATA and the first scan signal Sn, and the compensation unit 1 is configured to set the voltage of the second node N2 to be a first voltage under the action of the first scan signal Sn, where the first voltage is a voltage after the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is compensated by the second transistor T2 and the ninth transistor T9 in the compensation unit 1; a capacitor for maintaining the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage; the driving unit 2 is externally connected with a first control signal En, and the driving unit 2 is used for generating driving current to drive the light-emitting unit EL4 to emit light according to the first control signal En; the driving current is obtained according to the first voltage, the external power supply ELVDD and threshold voltages of the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6 of the driving unit 2; the initialization unit 3 is externally connected with a second scan signal Sn-1, a third scan signal and an initialization voltage, and the initialization unit 3 is used for initializing the second node N2 by the initialization voltage under the control of the second scan signal Sn-1 and initializing the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization voltage under the control of the third scan signal. The compensation unit 1 is externally connected with a DATA signal DATA, the driving unit 2 is electrically connected to an external power source ELVDD, so that in a DATA writing stage, the DATA signal DATA is compensated by a compensation transistor in the compensation unit 1, and a threshold voltage of the compensation transistor is compensated to a voltage of the DATA signal DATA, thereby obtaining a first voltage. Since the compensation unit 1 does not have the external power source ELVDD, the influence of the external power source ELVDD on the DATA signal DATA can be avoided.
In the present embodiment, the length of the ninth transistor T9 is not greater than the length of the sixth transistor T6. In the compensation state, the compensation transistor is formed by the second transistor T2 and the ninth transistor T9, and in the light-emitting state, the driving transistor is formed by the second transistor T2 and the sixth transistor T6, so that the driving transistor and the compensation transistor share the second transistor T2, and the difference is that the length of the ninth transistor T9 is not greater than that of the sixth transistor T6, and the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor is greater than that of the driving transistor, and further, in the state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, the charging current is increased, so that the compensation effect is optimized, and the display quality is improved. As a preferred solution of the present application, the length of the ninth transistor T9 is smaller than the length of the sixth transistor T6, and the technical effects and principles thereof are as above. Therefore, the invention can quickly realize the function of improving the threshold compensation of the pixel circuit, avoid the influence of the external power supply ELVDD on the DATA signal DATA and improve the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode. In addition, the initializing unit 3 initializes the second node N2 with an initializing voltage under the control of the second scan signal Sn-1, and initializes the light emitting unit EL4 with an initializing voltage under the control of the third scan signal, so that the initializing unit 3 can initialize the second node N2 and the light emitting unit EL4 respectively in different time periods, and it is possible to prevent the pixel circuit from being burned out or the power supply circuit for supplying power to the pixel circuit due to an excessive instantaneous current caused by the initializing voltage by simultaneously initializing the second node N2 and the light emitting unit EL4, thereby improving the safety of the pixel circuit.
The invention can realize the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit and obviously improve the compensation effect of the pixel circuit while improving the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode. Further, compared with the prior art, the invention can realize that the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor of the compensation unit is increased, so that the charging current can be increased in a state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides another pixel circuit driving method, which is applied to the pixel circuit in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor T7 to be turned on by the second scan signal Sn-1 to initialize the second node N2 by the initialization signal VINT, the second node N2 writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor T2, the sixth transistor T6, and the ninth transistor T9 to be turned on;
a DATA writing stage of controlling the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 to be turned on by the first scan signal Sn, so that the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is written to the second node N2 through the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, the ninth transistor T9 and the third transistor T3 until the voltage of the second node N2 reaches a first voltage, the first voltage being a voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the DATA signal DATA through the ninth transistor T9 and the second transistor T2 in the compensation unit 1; the capacitor C5 is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor T8 to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization signal VINT, the anode of the light emitting unit EL4 writing an initialization voltage;
In the light emitting stage, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are controlled to be turned on by the first control signal En so that the external power source ELVDD is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit EL4, the cathode of the light emitting unit EL4 is electrically connected to the second electrode ELVSS, and the capacitor C5 maintains the voltage of the second node N2 as the first voltage.
Alternatively, the gate electrode and the first electrode of the eighth transistor T8 are controlled to be shorted by the third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit EL4.
Further, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a driving signal capable of driving the pixel circuit shown in fig. 5, where, as shown in fig. 9, the driving signal includes a first scan signal Sn, a second scan signal Sn-1, and a first control signal En, which can be divided into an initialization phase, a data writing phase, and a light emitting phase in time.
In the initialization phase, the first scan signal Sn is high, the first transistor T1, the third transistor T3, and the eighth transistor T8 are turned off, and the compensation unit 11 is turned off. The second scan signal Sn-1 is at a low level, the seventh transistor T7 is turned on to initialize the second node N2 by the initialization signal VINT, the second node N2 is written with an initialization voltage, and the second transistor T2, the sixth transistor T6, and the ninth transistor T9 are turned on;
In the DATA writing stage, the first scan signal Sn is low, the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 are turned on, so that the voltage of the DATA signal DATA is written into the DATA signal through the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, the ninth transistor T9 and the third transistor T3A second node N2, a capacitor C5 starts to charge until the voltage of the second node N2 reaches a first voltage, the first voltage is a voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the DATA signal DATA through a second transistor T2 and a ninth transistor T9 in the compensation unit 1, then the first transistor T1 is turned off, the capacitor C5 keeps the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage, namely V N2 =V data +V thT2 +V thT9 Wherein V is data For the voltage of the DATA signal DATA, V thT2 Is the threshold voltage of the second transistor T2, V thT9 Is the threshold voltage of the ninth transistor T9. Since the third scan signal Sn-2 is the first scan signal Sn, the eighth transistor T8 is turned on to initialize the light emitting unit EL4 by the initialization signal VINT, and the anode of the light emitting unit EL4 writes an initialization voltage; the first control signal En is at a high level, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are turned off, and the driving unit 22 is turned off.
In the light emitting stage, the first scan signal Sn is at a high level, the first transistor T1 and the third transistor T3 are turned off, and the compensation unit 11 is turned off; the second scan signal Sn-1 is high, and the seventh transistor T7 is turned off; since the third scan signal Sn-2 is the first scan signal Sn, the eighth transistor T8 is turned off; the first control signal En is at a low level, the fourth transistor T4 and the fifth transistor T5 are turned on, the driving unit 22 is turned on to electrically connect the external power source ELVDD to the anode of the light emitting unit EL4, and the cathode of the light emitting unit EL4 is electrically connected to the second electrode ELVSS. The capacitor C5 maintains the voltage of the second node N2 at the first voltage. Since the voltage of the second node N2 is the first voltage, i.e. V N2 =V data +V thT2 +V thT9 . At this time, id=μ×w×c OX (V GS +V thT6 +V thT2 ) 2 /2L=μ*W*C OX (V ELVDD -V data +V thT6 -V thT9 ) 2 2L, wherein Id represents the drive current, V data Mu is carrier mobility, C, the voltage of the DATA signal DATA OX For the capacitance per unit area of the gate oxide of the drive transistor, L is the trench of the drive transistorTrack length, W is the gate width of the drive transistor, V GS To drive the gate-source voltage of the transistor, V ELVDD For the supply voltage, V thT2 、V thT6 、V thT9 Threshold voltages of the second transistor T2, the sixth transistor T6, and the ninth transistor T9, respectively. In the present embodiment, the sixth transistor T6 and the ninth transistor T9 have the same size and similar position and almost the same threshold voltage, so that the driving current is independent of the threshold voltage of the transistors. Therefore, the invention can improve the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode and the compensation effect of the pixel circuit.
Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a display, which adopts the pixel circuit provided in any one of the embodiments described above, as shown in fig. 10, which is a schematic structural diagram of the display provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 10, the display includes an n×m pixel circuit array, the scan driving unit generates scan signals S0, S1, S2 … … SN, SN is a scan signal input to the scan driving unit for the N-th row of pixels, and n=1, 2, … … N; the data driving unit generates data signals data, which comprise M data signals of D1 and D2 … DM, wherein the M data signals respectively correspond to M columns of pixels, dm is the data signals data of the M-th column of pixels, and m=1, 2 and … … M; the light-emitting driving unit generates first control signals E1, E2 … … EN, which are the first control signals of the N-th row pixels input by the light-emitting driving unit, n=1, 2, … … N.
The invention can realize the threshold compensation function of the pixel circuit and obviously improve the compensation effect of the pixel circuit while improving the luminous stability of the light-emitting diode. Further, compared with the prior art, the invention can realize that the width-to-length ratio of the compensation transistor of the compensation unit is increased, so that the charging current can be increased in a state that the charging time of the pixel circuit of the high-resolution display is shortened, thereby optimizing the compensation effect and improving the display quality.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. A pixel circuit, comprising:
a compensation unit including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; a first electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a data signal, a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first node, and a grid electrode of the first transistor is externally connected with a first scanning signal; a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a gate of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second node, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a third node; a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third node, a second electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a gate of the third transistor is externally connected with a first scanning signal;
A driving unit sharing the second transistor with the compensation unit, the driving unit further including a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a sixth transistor; the first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to an external power supply, and the grid electrode of the fourth transistor is externally connected with a first control signal; the second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, the first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the third node, the second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode of the fifth transistor, the gate of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, the second electrode of the fifth transistor is externally connected to a light emitting unit, and the gate of the fifth transistor is externally connected to a first control signal;
a capacitor, a first polar plate of which is electrically connected to the external power supply, and a second polar plate of which is electrically connected to the second node; and
the initialization unit is externally connected with a second scanning signal, a third scanning signal, an initialization signal and a light-emitting unit, and is electrically connected with the second node, and is used for initializing the second node by using the initialization signal under the control of the second scanning signal and initializing the light-emitting unit by using the initialization signal under the control of the third scanning signal;
The initialization unit comprises a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor, wherein a first electrode of the seventh transistor is externally connected with an initialization signal, a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a grid electrode of the seventh transistor is externally connected with a second scanning signal; a first electrode of the eighth transistor is externally connected with the initialization signal, a grid electrode of the eighth transistor is externally connected with a third scanning signal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the light emitting unit;
the third transistor and the seventh transistor are both thin film transistors with double-gate structures.
2. The pixel circuit of claim 1, wherein the compensation unit further comprises a ninth transistor coupled between the third transistor and the third node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor electrically connected to the third node, a second electrode of the ninth transistor electrically connected to the first electrode of the third transistor, and a gate of the ninth transistor electrically connected to the second node.
3. The pixel circuit according to claim 2, wherein a length of the ninth transistor is not greater than a length of the sixth transistor.
4. A pixel circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the third scanning signal is the first scanning signal or the second scanning signal.
5. A pixel circuit driving method applied to the pixel circuit according to claim 1, comprising:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor to be turned on by the second scan signal to initialize the second node by the initialization signal, the second node writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor and the sixth transistor being turned on;
a data writing stage, wherein the first transistor and the third transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first scanning signal, so that the voltage of the data signal is written into a second node through the first transistor, the second transistor and the third transistor until the voltage of the second node reaches a first voltage, and the first voltage is the voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the data signal through the second transistor in the compensation unit; the capacitor is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit by the initialization signal, and writing an initialization voltage to an anode of the light emitting unit;
And in a light emitting stage, the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first control signal so that the external power supply is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit, and the capacitor keeps the voltage of the second node to be a first voltage.
6. A pixel circuit driving method applied to the pixel circuit according to claim 2 or 3, comprising:
an initialization stage of controlling the seventh transistor to be turned on by the second scan signal to initialize the second node by the initialization signal, the second node writing an initialization voltage, the second transistor, the sixth transistor and the ninth transistor being turned on;
a data writing stage, wherein the first transistor and the third transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first scanning signal, so that the voltage of the data signal is written into a second node through the first transistor, the second transistor, the ninth transistor and the third transistor until the voltage of the second node reaches a first voltage, and the first voltage is the voltage obtained by compensating the voltage of the data signal through the second transistor and the ninth transistor in the compensation unit; the capacitor is in a charged state; and controlling the eighth transistor to be turned on by a third scan signal to initialize the light emitting unit by the initialization signal, and writing an initialization voltage to an anode of the light emitting unit;
And in a light emitting stage, the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor are controlled to be conducted through the first control signal so that the external power supply is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting unit, and the capacitor keeps the voltage of the second node to be a first voltage.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the gate and first electrode shorting of the eighth transistor is controlled by the third scan signal to initialize the light emitting cell.
8. A display comprising a pixel circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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