CN111951652A - Teaching is with hindering living wisdom tooth and pull out model - Google Patents
Teaching is with hindering living wisdom tooth and pull out model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a teaching model for pulling out impacted wisdom teeth, which comprises the following steps: the oral cavity and maxillofacial region structure, the fixed adaptor, the oral cavity opening and closing control structure and the consumable material; oral maxillofacial structure includes: the lower jaw is provided with a lower tooth group, and the bottom of the upper jaw is provided with an upper tooth group; the oral opening and closing control structure is movably connected with the mandible; the fixed adapter is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the consumables comprise an mucosa layer, a lower jaw impacted wisdom tooth, a lower jaw first molar and a lower jaw second molar, the impacted wisdom tooth removing model for teaching provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for a doctor training project, and the consumables can be replaced conveniently and quickly by screwing the bolt after training is finished; the consumptive material adopts emulation material, and the skeleton of operation consumptive material is close real tissue soft or hard degree with the tooth, and the simulation is effectual, can effectively promote the teaching quality that the wisdom tooth that hinders to give birth to pulls out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of models for teaching, in particular to a model for pulling out impacted wisdom teeth for teaching.
Background
At present, three teaching models exist, one is plaster embedded separated tooth or resin tooth, and the defects are described in the text. The second is a resin model, which is the most, and the examination of a medical practitioner is the same at present, so that the simulation of simple tooth extraction is only realized, and the impacted tooth extraction cannot be carried out. The third is to use the pig mandible, the hand feeling of operators is close, but the source is limited, a large number of pigs are suckling pigs at present, the difference with permanent tooth extraction is large, the number of pigs in an adult year is small, and the biological potential safety hazard exists secondly. All existing models cannot simulate the minimally invasive tooth extraction operation in the popularization process at present. In teaching practice, the existing teaching model has the following defects: firstly, the existing model can only simulate the skeleton part of the oral cavity, the gypsum texture is greatly different from the physical performance of the mandible, the real tooth extraction condition cannot be simulated, the mucous membrane part cannot be simulated realistically, and a large amount of mucous membrane parts need to be simulated in oral teaching, so the existing oral model has poor simulation effect and single teaching mode, and is not beneficial to students to study.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that in the prior art, the simulation effect of an oral cavity model is poor, the teaching mode is single, and the learning of students is not facilitated, the embodiment of the invention provides a impacted wisdom tooth pulling model for teaching. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a teaching model for pulling out impacted wisdom teeth, which comprises the following steps: oral and maxillofacial structures, fixed adapters and consumables;
the oral maxillofacial structure comprising: the lower jaw is provided with a replaceable lower tooth group for operation simulation, and the replaceable lower tooth group consists of two molar teeth and one impacted tooth; an upper tooth group is arranged at the bottom of the maxilla, and the upper tooth group containing a maxilla full dentition consists of 14 teeth in an arrangement manner; the fixed adaptor is fixedly connected with the oral and maxillofacial structure;
the consumable comprises a part of mandible, a mucous layer, impacted wisdom teeth, first molar teeth and second molar teeth, wherein first threaded holes are formed in the part of mandible and are blind holes; the mucous membrane layer is coated with the impacted wisdom teeth; the first molar and the second molar are disposed on the mucosal layer, the portion of the mandible is disposed at a bottom of the mucosal layer, and the mucosal layer extends toward an interior of the oromaxillofacial structure; the impacted wisdom teeth support the second molar; the extension of the mucosal layer is located at the mandibular plica of the wing; the mucosa layer is used for simulating the wing mandibular fold;
be equipped with the connecting piece on the mandible second screw hole has been seted up on the connecting piece, the consumptive material utilizes the bolt fastening to be in on the mandible, first molar, second molar are the same with human oral cavity inside first molar, second molar position, the bolt runs through and threaded connection the second screw thread, bolt threaded connection first screw hole.
Optionally, the oromaxillofacial structure further comprises: frontal, temporal, nasal, lacrimal, hyoid, and mandibular plica; the frontal bone, the temporal bone, the nasal bone, the tear bone and the hyoplastron are all made of high polymer resin materials; the labial ligament, the buccal frenulum, the wing mandibular fold, the upper and lower dental arches and the pharyngeal door are all made of soft materials; the oral cavity jaw face structure is manufactured into all parts through die casting according to the three-dimensional data of the head structure, and all the parts are fixedly connected according to a preset rule.
Optionally, the adhesive film layer is made of an elastic material.
Optionally, the fixed adaptor includes a fixed rod, a first universal connector, a second universal connector, and a clamping structure; one end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the first universal connector, and the working end of the first universal connector is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the other end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the second universal connector; and the working end of the second universal connector is fixedly connected with the clamping structure.
Optionally, a bearing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mandible, and a hole is formed in the side wall of the bearing plate;
the oral cavity opening and closing control structure comprises an annular hoop, a transmission rod, a locking bolt, a support rod and a slide block; a limiting groove is formed in the side wall of the fixing rod, and the length direction of the limiting groove is parallel to the axis of the fixing rod; one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the transmission rod, the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the sliding block is connected with the limiting groove in a sliding mode, and a triangle is formed among the transmission rod, the support rod and the fixed rod;
one end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed rod, the other end of the transmission rod is movably connected with the bearing plate through the hole, and the other end of the transmission rod is positioned in the hole; the axis of the transmission rod is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed rod.
Optionally, a soft material is covered on the outer side surface of the oral maxillofacial structure.
Optionally, the maxilla is detachably connected to the mandible in a rotatable manner.
Optionally, the impacted wisdom tooth is a resin tooth or a porcelain tooth.
Optionally, the tooth is a resin tooth or a porcelain tooth.
Optionally, in the oral cavity of the oral cavity maxillofacial structure, an internal structure of the human oral cavity is simulated.
The embodiment of the invention provides a teaching model for pulling out impacted wisdom teeth, which comprises the following steps: oral and maxillofacial structures, fixed adapters and consumables;
oral maxillofacial structure includes: the lower jaw is provided with a replaceable lower tooth group for operation simulation, and the replaceable lower tooth group consists of two molars and one impacted tooth which are arranged; the upper teeth group is arranged at the bottom of the upper jaw, and the upper teeth group comprises a fixed upper jaw full dentition which is formed by arranging at least two 14 teeth; the fixed adapter is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the consumable comprises a part of mandible, a mucous membrane layer, a impacted wisdom tooth, a first molar and a second molar, wherein a first threaded hole is formed in the part of mandible and is a blind hole; the mucous membrane layer is coated with the impacted wisdom teeth; the first molar and the second molar are arranged on the mucosa layer, part of the lower jaw part is arranged at the bottom of the mucosa layer, and the mucosa layer extends towards the interior of the oral maxillofacial structure; the impacted wisdom tooth supports the second molar; the extension of the mucosal layer is located at the mandibular plica of the alar jaw; the mucous layer is used for simulating the wing mandibular fold; be equipped with the connecting piece on mandible, seted up the second screw hole on the connecting piece, the consumptive material utilizes the bolt fastening on mandible, and first molar, second molar are the same with human oral cavity inside first molar, second molar position, and the bolt runs through and threaded connection second screw, the first screw hole of bolt threaded connection. By adopting the impacted wisdom tooth removal model for teaching provided by the embodiment of the invention, a learner can perform lower alveolar block anesthesia training, when the training model is opened, a mucous membrane layer is arranged behind the impacted wisdom tooth and in front of a tongue-and-palate arch, the mucous membrane layer and the mucous membrane plica in a rope shape are positioned at the same position, namely the mucous membrane layer replaces the wing-and-jaw plica, and the learner can perform anesthesia training by using the mucous membrane layer; secondly, after the gum simulation material on the surface of the impacted tooth is cut open, the tooth crown of the impacted tooth is exposed, and the operation training of the impacted wisdom tooth extraction is carried out; finally, after the wound is cleaned and the suture training is finished, the impacted wisdom tooth pulling model for teaching provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for a doctor training project, and the technical problems that the existing oral cavity model has a single teaching mode and is not beneficial to the study of students are solved; the mucosa layer in the consumable material of the embodiment of the invention adopts simulation materials, the simulation materials are close to the internal structure of the oral cavity to the maximum extent, the bone and the teeth of the consumable material for operation are close to the real tissue hardness, the problem of poor simulation effect of the existing oral cavity model is solved, and the teaching quality of the removal of the impacted wisdom teeth can be effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a retardant wisdom tooth removal model for teaching according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an oral maxillofacial structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a consumable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic side view of a mental extraction model for teaching according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an oral opening/closing control structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an interior of an oral cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a separation structure of the transmission rod and the bearing plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic partial structural view of a fixed adapter provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a simulation structure of a hindered wisdom tooth extraction model for teaching according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a dispensing structure of a consumable part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another consumable material assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1 oral cavity jaw face structure, 2 consumptive materials, 3 connecting pieces, 4 maxilla, 5 mandible, 6 lower teeth group, 7 upper teeth group, 8 teeth, 9 fixed adaptor, 10 mucosa layer, 11 fixed cover, 12 impacted wisdom tooth, 13 second molar, 14 first molar, 15 gum simulation material, 16 frontal bone, 17 temporal bone, 18 nasal bone, 19 tear bone, 20 hyoid bone, 21 spring, 22 bolt, 23 dead lever, 24 first universal connector, 25 second universal connector, 26 joint structure, 27 bearing plate, 28 holes, 29 annular staple bolt, 30 transfer line, 31 locking bolt, 32 bracing piece, 33 slider, 34 spacing groove, 35 cover the soft material outside oral cavity jaw face.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a model for pulling out arrhythmic wisdom teeth for teaching, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, an oral cavity model is poor in simulation effect, a teaching mode is single, and learning of students is not facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present embodiment provides a mental retardation extraction model for teaching, including: oral cavity maxillofacial portion structure, fixed adaptor, consumptive material.
The oral maxillofacial structure comprising: the lower jaw bone is provided with a replaceable lower tooth group for operation simulation, and the replaceable lower tooth group consists of two molar teeth and one impacted tooth which are arranged; an upper tooth group is arranged at the bottom of the maxilla, and the upper tooth group comprises a fixed maxilla whole dentition and is formed by arranging at least two 14 teeth; the fixed adaptor is fixedly connected with the oral and maxillofacial structure.
The consumable comprises a part of mandible, a mucous layer, impacted wisdom teeth, first molar teeth and second molar teeth, wherein first threaded holes are formed in the part of mandible and are blind holes; the mucous membrane layer is coated with the impacted wisdom teeth; the first molar and the second molar are disposed on the mucosal layer, the portion of the mandible is disposed at a bottom of the mucosal layer, and the mucosal layer extends toward an interior of the oromaxillofacial structure; the impacted wisdom teeth support the second molar; the extension of the mucosal layer is located at the mandibular plica of the wing; the mucosal layer is used to simulate the winged mandibular folds.
Be equipped with the connecting piece on the mandible second screw hole has been seted up on the connecting piece, the consumptive material utilizes the bolt fastening to be in on the mandible, first molar, second molar are the same with human oral cavity inside first molar, second molar position, the bolt runs through and threaded connection the second screw thread, bolt threaded connection first screw hole.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mandible has a complete structure, and the mandible includes a mandible body, a mandible head, a coronal process and a mandible angle; foretell maxilla's rear end and mandible rear end can set up the through-hole through double-end nail swing joint at maxilla's rear end, correspond the position with the maxilla through-hole at the rear end of mandible and also set up the through-hole, later correspond two above-mentioned through-holes and place to run through the double-end nail in two above-mentioned through-holes, it can to set up spacing disk at the both ends of double-end nail. Similarly, the other rear end of the maxilla and the other rear end of the mandible can be rotationally connected in the above connection manner, but the solution included in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above rotational connection by the double-headed nail, and other structures or connecting members or adapters that can achieve rotational connection may be applied to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention. The mandible provided by the embodiment of the invention has a complete structure, has main marks in an anatomical process, and is convenient for learners to learn the mandible structure.
The fixed adaptor is fixedly connected with the oral and maxillofacial structure; in the embodiment of the invention, the fixed adapter piece can be directly purchased and obtained, and the existing adapter piece is utilized to fix the oral and maxillofacial structure on a dental chair or a table top for teaching, which belongs to the conventional technical means in the field.
Referring to fig. 3, the consumable includes a mucosal layer, a supratrochlear wisdom tooth, a first molar, a second molar; the mucous layer is made of gum simulation materials, and each gum simulation material is internally provided with an impacted wisdom tooth which abuts against the second molar; the mucosa layer is arranged to extend towards the inside of the oral cavity and is adhered to the lower jaw plica of the wing; the mucosal layer is used to simulate the winged mandibular folds. Above-mentioned gum emulation material can be the material similar to the gum soft tissue, soft silica gel prosthesis for example, the root that will hinder the wisdom tooth is inlayed in above-mentioned gum emulation material, the tip that hinders the wisdom tooth supports and holds the side at first molar, with the emulation growth situation that hinders the wisdom tooth, can set up multiple situation, for example, hinder the wisdom tooth subtotal and spill gum emulation material, hinder the wisdom tooth and do not spill gum emulation material, hinder half the gum emulation material that spills of wisdom tooth, be convenient for make the student master comprehensive condition.
As a preferred real-time mode, in the impacted wisdom tooth extraction model for teaching provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the oral cavity has complete labial ligaments, buccal ligaments, wing-mandibular folds, upper and lower dental arches, pharyngeal doors, and 24 fixed dental crowns, 14 fixed dental crowns are provided on the maxilla to form an upper dental group, 10 fixed dental crowns are provided on the mandible to form the shapes of a lower dental group, palate, tongue, and the bottom of the mouth, and the complete model is formed by fixing consumables. When the model is operated for the first time, the operation is gentle, the purpose of skilled use is gradually achieved, and the model is prevented from being damaged.
It should be noted that the oral cavity opening and closing control structure is used for controlling the opening and closing movement of the mandible relative to the maxilla, and the function of the mandible relative to the maxilla can be realized through the semicircular clamping and fixing structure. The simulation of the motion of the oral cavity switch of the impacted wisdom tooth pulling model for teaching is realized.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, in the consumable material adopted, the mucous membrane layer set to simulate the gum of human body, under the wrapping effect of the mucous membrane layer, the impacted wisdom tooth can be set according to the actual clinical case, specifically, the impacted wisdom tooth with different tooth curvature and different radian can be made, for example, the tooth radian and tooth curvature encountered in clinic can be made into the model corresponding to the impacted wisdom tooth model, and the impacted wisdom tooth model with different strength can be set, wherein, the strength can refer to the clinical situation, the strength of the impacted wisdom tooth can be set, the specific setting method can be that the material with different hardness is selected, the material is made by using 3D printing technology, the 3D printing technology for making the tooth and the material for obtaining different hardness all belong to the conventional technical means in the field, and the skilled person can look up the material hardness table, the method can be obtained without creative labor, and after the materials are obtained, the existing 3D printing technology and equipment thereof are utilized to complete the preparation of the impacted wisdom tooth model; in practical application, the impacted tooth prepared by the means enables an operator to achieve the effect of minimally invasive tooth extraction through reasonable cutting on the basis of analyzing the appearance of the tooth body, and finally completes teaching and training of minimally invasive tooth extraction. The specific minimally invasive tooth extraction surgery can be found in papers of rigid body mechanics analysis of minimally invasive tooth extraction published in western oral medicine journal, volume 35, stage 2, and month 4 in 2019.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the oral and maxillofacial structure needs to be cleaned, the mandible and the maxilla are separated and directly cleaned by clear water, so that the oral and maxillofacial structure is convenient to maintain.
Specifically, the oromaxillofacial structure includes: the lower jaw is provided with a replaceable lower tooth group for operation simulation, and the replaceable lower tooth group consists of two molars and one impacted tooth which are arranged; the upper teeth group is arranged at the bottom of the upper jaw, and the upper teeth group comprises fixed upper jaw full dentition which is formed by arranging at least two 14 teeth; the fixed adapter is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the consumable comprises a part of mandible, a mucous membrane layer, a impacted wisdom tooth, a first molar and a second molar, wherein a first threaded hole is formed in the part of mandible and is a blind hole; the mucous membrane layer is coated with the impacted wisdom teeth; the first molar and the second molar are arranged on the mucosa layer, part of the lower jaw part is arranged at the bottom of the mucosa layer, and the mucosa layer extends towards the interior of the oral maxillofacial structure; the impacted wisdom tooth supports the second molar; the extension of the mucosal layer is located at the mandibular plica of the alar jaw; the mucous layer is used for simulating the wing mandibular fold; be equipped with the connecting piece on mandible, seted up the second screw hole on the connecting piece, the consumptive material utilizes the bolt fastening on mandible, and first molar, second molar are the same with human oral cavity inside first molar, second molar position, and the bolt runs through and threaded connection second screw, the first screw hole of bolt threaded connection. By adopting the impacted wisdom tooth removal model for teaching provided by the embodiment of the invention, a trainee can perform lower alveolar block anesthesia training, when the training model is opened, a mucous membrane layer is arranged behind the impacted wisdom tooth and in front of a tongue-and-palate arch, the mucous membrane layer and a rope-like mucous membrane plica are positioned at the same position, namely the mucous membrane layer replaces a wing-jaw plica, and the trainee can perform anesthesia training by using the mucous membrane layer; secondly, after the gum simulation material on the surface of the impacted tooth is cut open, the tooth crown of the impacted tooth is exposed, and the operation training of the impacted wisdom tooth extraction is carried out; finally, the wound is cleaned and the suture training is finished, the teaching impacted wisdom tooth removing model for teaching is adopted, training items of students are added, the technical problems that the existing oral cavity model is single in teaching mode and is not beneficial to learning of students are solved, in addition, consumable materials are respectively fixed on jaws through bolts in the embodiment of the invention, and the consumable materials can be replaced conveniently and quickly by screwing the bolts after the training is finished; the mucosa layer in the consumable material of the embodiment of the invention adopts simulation materials, the simulation materials are close to the internal structure of the oral cavity to the maximum extent, the bone and the teeth of the consumable material for operation are close to the real tissue hardness degree, and the problem of poor simulation effect of the traditional oral cavity model is solved.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 6, the oral maxillofacial structure further includes: frontal, temporal, nasal, lacrimal, hyoid, and mandibular plica; the frontal bone, the temporal bone, the nasal bone, the tear bone and the hyoplastron are all made of high polymer materials; the labial ligament, the buccal frenulum, the wing mandibular fold, the upper and lower dental arches and the pharyngeal door are all made of soft materials; the oral cavity jaw face structure is manufactured into all parts through die casting according to the three-dimensional data of the head structure, and all the parts are fixedly connected according to a preset rule. In particular, the above-mentioned method for obtaining the parts by die-casting is known in the art, the method for making the dies is known in the art, and the method for moulding the bone prosthesis of the respective parts by means of the dies is known in the art, and the application uses moulding methods which are conventional in the art and are not modified.
Furthermore, the material of the mucous layer is soft material. Mucosa layer in the embodiment of the present invention, the analogy is wing mandibular fold, anesthesia is needed for the patient during the operation of extracting the impacted wisdom tooth, however, there is no related training to inject anesthesia function in the existing model, in the embodiment, the mucosa layer simulating the wing mandibular fold is added, the trainee can simulate injection on the mucosa layer to simulate the anesthesia process. The soft material needs to have a certain elasticity, but the main characteristic is soft, can be turned up and reset, and can be sewn. The elasticity should not be too large. In the actual configuration process, the elasticity of the gum can be referred to for setting, and the optimal scheme is that the elasticity of the soft material is equal to the elasticity of the gum; of course, in this embodiment, the elasticity of the soft material is not equal to the elasticity of the gum, and the present invention is also within the scope of the application.
Further, referring to fig. 4 and 8, the fixing adaptor includes a fixing rod, a first universal connector, a second universal connector, and a clamping structure; one end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the first universal connector, and the working end of the first universal connector is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the other end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the second universal connector; and the working end of the second universal connector is fixedly connected with the clamping structure.
As a preferred embodiment, the fixing adaptor works as follows: the working end of the first universal connector is the rotatable end, the rotatable end is fixedly connected with the oral cavity maxillofacial structure, the top of the oral cavity maxillofacial structure can be connected, the rear part of the oral cavity maxillofacial structure can also be connected through a third party auxiliary part, the bottom of the oral cavity maxillofacial structure can also be connected, the purpose is to connect the oral cavity maxillofacial structure with a fixed rod through a first universal connecting part, the oral cavity maxillofacial structure can rotate relative to the fixed rod, the fixed rod can be made of metal materials or other hard materials, the effect of supporting the oral cavity maxillofacial structure can be achieved, the other end of the fixed rod is connected with a second universal connector, the working end of the second universal connector can be fixedly connected with a clamping structure through the rotatable end, and the clamping structure is used for fixedly connecting the fixed rod and the first universal connector, The second universal connector and the oral jaw face structure connected with the working end of the first universal connector are supported on a workbench or a dental chair, the clamping structure can be a clamp or a structure formed by fastening two plates through bolts, and the embodiment of the invention does not particularly limit the specific structure of the clamping structure.
Further, referring to fig. 5 and 7, a bearing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mandible, and a hole is formed in the side wall of the bearing plate;
the oral cavity opening and closing control structure comprises an annular hoop, a transmission rod, a locking bolt, a support rod and a slide block; a limiting groove is formed in the side wall of the fixing rod, and the length direction of the limiting groove is parallel to the axis of the fixing rod; one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the transmission rod, the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the sliding block is connected with the limiting groove in a sliding mode, and a triangle is formed among the transmission rod, the support rod and the fixing rod.
One end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed rod, the other end of the transmission rod is movably connected with the bearing plate through the hole, and the other end of the transmission rod is positioned in the hole; the axis of the transmission rod is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed rod.
Specifically, the bracing piece is used for supporting above-mentioned transfer line, the fixed annular staple bolt that is provided with in one end of transfer line, the other end and the aforesaid offer the hole sliding connection on the holding board, when the user needs to close the model, loosen the locking bolt on the annular staple bolt, move the transfer line rebound, at this moment, slide in the spacing groove at the slider, because slider and bracing piece fixed connection, so, under the supporting action of bracing piece, the transfer line level rebound, at this moment, the part that the transfer line is located downthehole moves towards opening or the bottom in hole, under the driving action of transfer line, the holding board rebound, the holding board level is fixed in the bottom of mandible, at this moment, when the holding board rebound, the mandible follows the rebound, until to the mandible with the mandible closed.
As preferred embodiment, be provided with the spring between maxilla and mandible, the one end fixed connection of spring maxilla, other end fixed connection mandible, above-mentioned spring are compression spring, are convenient for when the student is opened in needs model oral cavity, directly with the chamber control structure that opens and shuts move down can, under the spring action of spring, the relative maxilla of mandible is opened, and is concrete, through the position of adjusting the chamber control structure that opens and shuts, controls the degree of opening in model oral cavity.
Furthermore, a soft material is covered and arranged on the outer side surface of the oral and maxillofacial structure.
Specifically, the soft materials that each bone prosthesis corresponds can set different colours into, the discernment of being convenient for, and on the other hand covers on the lateral surface of oral cavity jaw facial structure and sets up soft materials, when the student trains, touches above-mentioned soft materials after, and the sense of touch is lifelike, is similar to head skin.
Further, the maxilla can be dismantled with the mandible and rotate and be connected. When the model needs to be cleaned, the mandible is removed, so that the cleaning blockage is reduced, and the cleaning is convenient.
Further, the impacted wisdom tooth is a resin tooth or a porcelain tooth. Has the hardness similar to that of real teeth so as to ensure that the trainee has the experience close to the real experience when practicing.
Further, the tooth is a resin tooth or a porcelain tooth. The hardness of the tooth brush is similar to that of a real tooth, so that the student can have a near-real experience during practice.
Furthermore, the internal structure of the oral cavity of the human body is simulated in the oral cavity of the oral cavity jaw face structure.
Specifically, the internal structure of the oral cavity of the human body can be simulated by 1:1 through a 3D printing technology and printed through a simulation material, so that the internal structure of the oral cavity is obtained.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a teaching is with hindering life wisdom tooth and pulls out model which characterized in that includes: oral and maxillofacial structures, fixed adapters and consumables;
the oral maxillofacial structure comprising: the lower jaw is provided with a lower tooth group which comprises three parts, wherein the dentition between second bicuspids on two sides is a fixed dentition group, and a left tooth grinding area and a right tooth grinding area respectively form a replaceable operation dentition group which respectively comprises two grinding teeth and one wisdom tooth; an upper tooth group is arranged at the bottom of the maxilla, is a fixed dentition and consists of 14 teeth in an arrangement manner; the fixed adaptor is fixedly connected with the oral and maxillofacial structure;
the consumable comprises a part of mandible, a mucous layer, impacted wisdom teeth, first molar teeth and second molar teeth, wherein first threaded holes are formed in the part of mandible and are blind holes; the mucous membrane layer is coated with the impacted wisdom teeth; the first molar and the second molar are disposed on the mucosal layer, the portion of the mandible is disposed at a bottom of the mucosal layer, and the mucosal layer extends toward an interior of the oromaxillofacial structure; the impacted wisdom teeth support the second molar; the extension of the mucosal layer is located at the mandibular plica of the wing; the mucosa layer is used for simulating the wing mandibular fold;
be equipped with the connecting piece on the mandible second screw hole has been seted up on the connecting piece, the consumptive material utilizes the bolt fastening to be in on the mandible, first molar, second molar are the same with human oral cavity inside first molar, second molar position, the bolt runs through and threaded connection the second screw thread, bolt threaded connection first screw hole.
2. The educational impacted wisdom tooth extraction model of claim 1, wherein the oromaxillofacial structure further comprises: frontal bone, temporal bone, nasal bone, tear bone, hyoid bone, labial ligament, buccal frenulum, wing and mandibular plica, upper and lower dental arches, pharyngeal door; the frontal bone, the temporal bone, the nasal bone, the tear bone and the hyoplastron are all made of high polymer materials; the labial ligament, the buccal frenulum, the wing mandibular fold, the upper and lower dental arches and the pharyngeal door are all made of soft materials; the oral cavity jaw face structure is manufactured into all parts through die casting according to the three-dimensional data of the head structure, and all the parts are fixedly connected according to a preset rule.
3. The model of claim 1, wherein the mucous layer is made of soft material.
4. The educational arrhythmic wisdom tooth removal model as recited in claim 1, wherein the fixing adaptor comprises a fixing rod, a first universal connector, a second universal connector, a clamping structure; one end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the first universal connector, and the working end of the first universal connector is fixedly connected with the oral jaw face structure; the other end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the second universal connector; and the working end of the second universal connector is fixedly connected with the clamping structure.
5. The model for extracting impacted wisdom teeth as defined in claim 4, further comprising an oral cavity opening and closing control structure, wherein a bearing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mandible, and a hole is formed on the side wall of the bearing plate;
the oral cavity opening and closing control structure comprises an annular hoop, a transmission rod, a locking bolt, a support rod and a slide block; a limiting groove is formed in the side wall of the fixing rod, and the length direction of the limiting groove is parallel to the axis of the fixing rod; one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the transmission rod, the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block, the sliding block is connected with the limiting groove in a sliding mode, and a triangle is formed among the transmission rod, the support rod and the fixed rod;
one end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed rod, the other end of the transmission rod is movably connected with the bearing plate through the hole, and the other end of the transmission rod is positioned in the hole; the axis of the transmission rod is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed rod.
6. The model of claim 1, wherein a soft material is covered on the lateral surface of the maxillofacial structure.
7. The educational impacted wisdom tooth extraction model of claim 1, wherein the maxilla is detachably and rotatably connected with the mandible.
8. The extraction model of the impacted wisdom tooth for teaching as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impacted wisdom tooth is a resin tooth or a porcelain tooth.
9. The educational impacted wisdom tooth extraction model of claim 1, wherein the teeth are resin teeth or porcelain teeth.
10. The model for teaching extraction of arrhythmic wisdom teeth as defined in claim 1, wherein the oral cavity of the oral maxillofacial structure simulates the internal structure of the human oral cavity.
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| CN112331010A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-05 | 四川大学 | Operation method of impacted tooth pulling training model |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112331010A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-05 | 四川大学 | Operation method of impacted tooth pulling training model |
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