CN111948544B - Method and system for detecting connection fault of power battery pack - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting connection fault of power battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN111948544B CN111948544B CN202010752802.3A CN202010752802A CN111948544B CN 111948544 B CN111948544 B CN 111948544B CN 202010752802 A CN202010752802 A CN 202010752802A CN 111948544 B CN111948544 B CN 111948544B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to power batteries, and discloses a method for detecting a connection fault of a power battery pack, which comprises the following steps: s1, setting a connection mode with variable torque among the single batteries to obtain connection faults by changing the torque; s2, gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque; and S3, detecting the ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested, and when the ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is smaller than or equal to a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is larger than or equal to a critical temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the connection fault of the power battery pack to be tested occurs. The application also provides a detection system for the connection fault of the power battery pack. Through the method and the device, the connection fault between the single batteries in the battery pack can be quickly diagnosed and detected, and the detection is quick and accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and particularly relates to a method and a system for detecting a connection fault of a power battery pack.
Background
Compared with other types of batteries, the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high power density, low self-discharge rate, recyclability, no pollution and the like, so that the lithium ion battery is more and more widely applied in many fields. However, with the spread of lithium batteries, attention has been paid to safety and reliability. Among many failures of lithium ion batteries, a battery pack connection failure is a frequent failure. The connection fault of the lithium ion battery pack refers to the problem that after the single batteries form a battery module, the welding at the pole lug is loosened or a connecting nut is loosened, and the like, and is generally caused by the combination structure of the battery pack, the use environment and other factors comprehensively. When the external connection fault of the single battery occurs, the connection fault position generates larger contact resistance due to connection looseness, so that the single battery has higher voltage and larger heat generation, and the performance of the single battery is further influenced. In practical application of lithium ion batteries, the battery resistance can be roughly divided into an internal resistance and a contact resistance. The internal resistance of the high-power and high-capacity lithium ion battery is only in the milliohm level, the connecting plate is usually made of copper or copper-nickel alloy, and the contact resistance of different materials is also different. When connection faults caused by loosening of bolts at the connection parts or chemical corrosion of connection materials occur, high contact resistance is generated at the connection parts of the battery pack. Therefore, a lithium battery pack fault analysis method needs to be designed, and connection faults of the battery pack are discovered in time, so that the requirement of safe production is met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at The defects or The improvement requirements of The prior art, The invention provides a method and a system for detecting The connection fault of a power battery pack, wherein The connection fault is simulated through torque, The inter-cell voltage inter-group correlation coefficient (ICC) and The temperature rise rate of a battery are continuously calculated in The torque change process, The critical ICC coefficient threshold value and The critical temperature rise rate threshold value of The inter-cell voltage are obtained when The torque is reduced to The minimum torque of The normal operation of The battery pack, The critical value of The power battery pack connection fault is further determined, and The connection fault of The power battery pack to be detected is determined when The ICC coefficient of The voltage of The power battery pack to be detected is smaller than or equal to The critical ICC coefficient threshold value and The temperature rise rate of The power battery pack to be detected is larger than or equal to The critical temperature rise rate threshold value. And then can be fast accurate whether the connection of knowing power battery group breaks down.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a connection failure of a power battery pack, the power battery pack being composed of a plurality of unit batteries, the method comprising: s1, setting a connection mode with variable torque among the single batteries to obtain connection faults by changing the torque; s2, gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque; and S3, detecting the ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested, and when the ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is smaller than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is larger than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the connection fault occurs in the power battery pack to be tested.
Preferably, in step S3, the real-time ICC coefficient and the temperature increase rate of the voltage between the unit cells are sequentially calculated according to a preset sequence.
Preferably, in step S3, the real-time ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage between the single cells are updated in real time by using a method that post-calculation data covers pre-calculation data.
Preferably, the ICC coefficient of the inter-cell voltage is calculated as follows:
wherein, VaVoltage of battery a, VbIs the voltage of the battery of the number b,
ICC coefficient, V, for batteries a and bi，aIs the voltage, V, of battery a at the time of reading data ii，bThe voltage of battery b at the time of reading data i, and n is the total number of times of reading data.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the temperature rise rate v is as follows:
where T is the temperature of the battery and T is the time.
Preferably, the temperature of the single battery is obtained through the anode or the cathode of the single battery, and then the temperature rise rate of the single battery is calculated.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detection system for connection failure of a power battery pack, the power battery pack being composed of a plurality of unit batteries, the detection system comprising: the setting module is used for setting the plurality of single batteries into a connection mode with variable torque so as to obtain connection faults by changing the torque; the adjusting module is used for gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque; and the detection module is used for detecting the ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be detected, and when the ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be detected is smaller than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be detected is larger than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, the power battery pack to be detected has a connection fault.
Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the method and the system for detecting the connection fault of the power battery pack have the following beneficial technical effects:
1. by obtaining the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries, when the power battery pack fault is judged, only the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries is compared with the critical ICC coefficient threshold value, and the temperature rise rate of the single batteries is compared with the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, so that whether the power battery pack is abnormally connected or not and the corresponding single batteries can be obtained, and the operation is simple and convenient.
2. Meanwhile, a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value are adopted to monitor faults, connection faults and inconsistent voltage faults can be identified, the identification is accurate, and the error rate is low.
3. And the post-calculation data is adopted to cover the pre-calculation data, so that the calculation memory is reduced, and the calculation speed is high.
4. By adopting an ICC coefficient method, the correlation coefficient between the voltages of the related single batteries can be rapidly and accurately obtained, and the requirement of industrial application is met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a step diagram of a method of detecting a connection fault of a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a simplified flow diagram of a method of detection of a power battery pack connection fault according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 schematically shows a block diagram of a detection system of a power battery pack connection fault according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for detecting a connection fault of a power battery pack, where the power battery pack is composed of a plurality of single batteries, and the method includes the following steps S1-S3, and the method in this application is described in detail below by taking a lithium ion battery pack as an example, and is described in detail below.
In practical application of lithium ion batteries, the battery resistance can be roughly divided into an internal resistance and a contact resistance. The internal resistance of the high-power and high-capacity lithium battery is only in the milliohm level, the connecting plate is usually made of copper or copper-nickel alloy, the contact resistance of different materials is different, but when the connection part is loosened by bolts or the connection material is chemically corroded to generate connection failure, the connection part of the battery pack generates higher contact resistance. According to the method, the performance parameters of the contact resistance are represented, and then the battery pack fault detection method is obtained.
And S1, setting a connection mode with variable torque among the single batteries so as to obtain connection faults by changing the torque.
Firstly, under the room temperature condition, a charge-discharge test under the application environment and the working condition is carried out on the lithium battery pack, and the connection fault under the application environment and the working condition is simulated by setting the torque of the connecting bolt between the single batteries. The state of the fault is gradually approached by gradually reducing the torque, and the state is the critical state of the fault when the torque is reduced to the minimum torque of the normal operation of the lithium battery. And simultaneously acquiring the voltage of each single battery and the temperature of the anode or the cathode of the battery in the process of gradually reducing the torque so as to calculate the correlation coefficient and the temperature rise rate among the voltages of the single batteries.
And S2, gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque.
And continuously calculating the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries in the process of gradually reducing the torque. In the calculation process, the ICC coefficient between certain two cell voltages can be calculated sequentially according to the position sequence of the cells or other preset sequences. In the actual sampling process, a forgetting mechanism can be adopted to calculate real-time data, namely historical data is updated by setting a moving window, the data in the moving window is newly calculated data with preset groups, and the real-time ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage between the single batteries are updated in real time by covering the data outside the moving window with the data in the moving window.
The calculation formula of the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries is as follows:
wherein, VaVoltage of battery a, VbIs the voltage of the battery of the number b,
ICC coefficient, V, for batteries a and bi，aIs the voltage, V, of battery a at the time of reading data ii，bThe voltage of battery b at the time of reading data i, and n is the total number of times of reading data.
By adopting the method, data accumulation is needed in the initial stage to eliminate the interference that the fluctuation of the initial value is large or inaccurate until the reading times i are larger than the data quantity in the moving window, so that the converted final recursion formula can be expressed as:
where m is the data amount in the moving window, and substituting the formula into the above ICC coefficient calculation formula can simplify it to obtain:
generally, in the lithium battery pack for the electric automobile, the terminal voltage difference between two adjacent single batteries is very small in actual normal operation, and is probably between a few millivolts and dozens of millivolts, and the calculated value of the ICC coefficient is close to 1. For a normally working battery pack, the value range of the ICC coefficient is 0.75-1, the sampling error and the noise factor of the voltage sensor to the voltage can be filtered in the range, when the ICC coefficient value is less than 0.75, the voltage abnormality of the battery pack is indicated, and the voltage abnormality is caused by the fact that the connection resistance is increased due to the connection failure of the single battery and further the voltage abnormality is known by combining the analysis of the experimental result of the connection failure of the lithium battery pack. The single battery with the connection fault generates joule heat due to the increase of the connection resistance, and the temperature rise rate of the single battery is higher than that of the battery in normal operation. The connection fault existing in the lithium battery pack is not enough to be judged only by the voltage abnormity, because when other voltage faults occur in the lithium battery pack, such as voltage inconsistency, voltage difference can also occur among the single voltages, and the related coefficient among the voltages fluctuates, so that the connection fault existing in the battery pack or other types of voltage faults can not be directly judged only by the ICC coefficient among the voltages, and the temperature rise rate of the single batteries is also required to be selected as a common judgment characteristic parameter.
The temperature rate calculation formula of the single battery is as follows:
where T is the temperature of the battery and T is the time.
Therefore, the torque is gradually reduced until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery is normally installed, and the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque can be calculated by referring to the calculation formula, namely the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the critical temperature rise rate threshold value corresponding to the power battery pack.
And S3, detecting the ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested, and when the ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is smaller than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is larger than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the connection fault occurs in the power battery pack to be tested.
And judging the fault of the power battery pack to be tested by using a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value, if the ICC coefficient is less than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate is more than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the power battery pack to be tested has a connection fault, otherwise, determining that the power battery pack is not the connection fault.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a system for detecting a connection fault of a power battery pack, as shown in fig. 3, the system 300 includes a setting module 310, an adjusting module 320, and a detecting module 330, where:
the setting module 310, for example, may execute step S1 shown in fig. 1, for setting the plurality of unit batteries to a connection manner with variable torque to obtain a connection failure by changing the torque;
the adjusting module 320, for example, may execute step S2 shown in fig. 1 for gradually decreasing the torque until the torque reaches a minimum torque at which the battery pack is normally mounted, obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold and a critical temperature rise rate threshold for the inter-cell voltage at the minimum torque;
the detecting module 330, for example, may execute step S3 shown in fig. 1, to detect an ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested and a temperature rise rate, where when the ICC coefficient of the voltage of the power battery pack to be tested is less than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold and the temperature rise rate thereof is greater than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold, a connection fault occurs in the power battery pack to be tested.
In summary, the connection fault is simulated through the torque, the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries and the temperature rise rate of the battery are continuously calculated in the process of torque change, the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries are solved when the torque is reduced to the minimum torque of normal operation of the battery pack, and then the critical value of the connection fault of the power battery pack is determined, and further, when the power battery pack is carried out, whether the power battery pack is abnormally connected or not and the corresponding single battery can be obtained only by comparing the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries with the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and comparing the temperature rise rate of the single battery with the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, so that the operation is simple and convenient; meanwhile, a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value are adopted to monitor faults, connection faults and inconsistent voltage faults can be identified, the identification is accurate, and the error rate is low.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A detection method for connection faults of a power battery pack, wherein the power battery pack consists of a plurality of single batteries, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, setting a connection mode with variable torque among the single batteries to obtain connection faults by changing the torque;
s2, gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque;
s3, detecting an ICC coefficient and a temperature rise rate of the voltage between the single batteries of the power battery pack to be detected, and when the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries of the power battery pack to be detected is smaller than or equal to the critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage is larger than or equal to the critical temperature rise rate threshold value, determining that the power battery pack to be detected has a connection fault, wherein the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries has the following calculation formula:
wherein, VaVoltage of battery a, VbIs the voltage of the battery of the number b,
ICC coefficient, V, for batteries a and bi,aIs the voltage, V, of battery a at the time of reading data ii,bThe voltage of battery b at the time of reading data i, and n is the total number of times of reading data.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the real-time ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the inter-cell voltage are sequentially calculated according to a preset order.
3. The detecting method according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the real-time ICC coefficient and the temperature rise rate of the inter-cell voltage are updated in real time by using post-calculation data to cover pre-calculation data.
4. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rate of temperature rise v is calculated by the formula:
wherein T is the temperature of the single battery, and T is time.
5. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the single battery is obtained by a positive electrode or a negative electrode of the single battery, and the temperature rise rate of the single battery is calculated.
6. A detection system for a connection fault of a power battery pack, the power battery pack being composed of a plurality of unit batteries, the detection system comprising:
the setting module is used for setting the plurality of single batteries into a connection mode with variable torque so as to obtain connection faults by changing the torque;
the adjusting module is used for gradually reducing the torque until the torque reaches the minimum torque when the battery pack is normally installed, and obtaining a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and a critical temperature rise rate threshold value of the voltage between the single batteries under the minimum torque;
the detection module is used for detecting an ICC coefficient and a temperature rise rate of voltage between single batteries of the power battery pack to be detected, when the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries of the power battery pack to be detected is smaller than or equal to a critical ICC coefficient threshold value and the temperature rise rate of the voltage is larger than or equal to a critical temperature rise rate threshold value, the power battery pack to be detected has a connection fault, wherein the ICC coefficient of the voltage between the single batteries has the following calculation formula:
wherein, VaVoltage of battery a, VbIs the voltage of the battery of the number b,
ICC coefficient, V, for batteries a and bi,aIs the voltage, V, of battery a at the time of reading data ii,bThe voltage of battery b at the time of reading data i, and n is the total number of times of reading data.
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