CN111946816A - Air-float piston and air cylinder - Google Patents
Air-float piston and air cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111946816A CN111946816A CN202010864539.7A CN202010864539A CN111946816A CN 111946816 A CN111946816 A CN 111946816A CN 202010864539 A CN202010864539 A CN 202010864539A CN 111946816 A CN111946816 A CN 111946816A
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- air
- piston
- main body
- capillary tube
- piston main
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/09—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers with means for guiding fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
- F16C29/025—Hydrostatic or aerostatic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air-floating piston and an air cylinder, which comprise a piston main body, wherein an air cavity is arranged in the piston main body and is controlled by a one-way air inlet valve to be closed or communicated with the outside of the piston main body; the piston main body is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is communicated with the air cavity and the outside of the piston main body along the radial direction of the piston main body; the throttling plug is assembled in the mounting hole; a through hole is formed in the throttling plug along the axial direction of the throttling plug, a capillary tube is fixed in the through hole, one end of the capillary tube extends out of the through hole and extends into the air cavity, and the air cavity is communicated with the outside of the piston main body through the capillary tube. According to the air floating piston and the air cylinder, the capillary tube with the inner diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm is used for replacing the throttling slit which is directly processed in the throttling plug, the requirement of the air floating piston on processing precision is greatly reduced by using the capillary tube, the processing cost is low, the assembly difficulty is small, and the air floating piston and the air cylinder have high air film rigidity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power machinery, in particular to an air floating piston and an air cylinder comprising the air floating piston.
Background
The small-sized regenerative low-temperature refrigerator is usually driven by a linear motor, a gap sealing (single-side gap 12-25 un) technology is adopted between a piston and a cylinder, a gas bearing technology is required to be adopted to ensure frictionless motion between the piston and the cylinder, and a high-pressure gas film in an air gap between the piston and the cylinder is utilized to provide sufficient radial support for the piston. A throttling slit is processed in the throttling plug of the traditional air floating piston, the throttling and pressure stabilizing effects of the throttling slit are utilized, when gas is output from the throttling slit, the gas speed is suddenly reduced, kinetic energy is converted into pressure potential energy of the supporting piston, and therefore radial support is provided for the piston. The width of the throttling slit is within the range of 0.05-0.5 mm, and in the actual production process, the requirement on the machining precision of the throttling slit is too high, so that the machining cost of the air floating piston is high, and low-cost batch production is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air floating piston and an air cylinder, which have the advantages of low machining precision requirement, low machining cost, small assembly difficulty and higher air film rigidity.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an air floating piston, comprising,
the piston comprises a piston main body, wherein an air cavity is arranged in the piston main body and is controlled by a one-way air inlet valve to be closed or communicated with the outside of the piston main body; the piston main body is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is communicated with the air cavity and the outside of the piston main body along the radial direction of the piston main body;
the throttling plug is assembled in the mounting hole;
a through hole is formed in the throttling plug along the axial direction of the throttling plug, a capillary tube is fixed in the through hole, one end of the capillary tube extends out of the through hole and extends into the air cavity, and the air cavity is communicated with the outside of the piston main body through the capillary tube.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capillary tube further includes a 90 ° bent portion at an end extending into the air cavity, and a bending direction of the 90 ° bent portion is away from the air inlet of the air cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capillary tube further includes a portion extending into the air cavity and spirally disposed along an outer wall of the throttle plug.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capillary further comprises an outer diameter matching an inner diameter of the through hole, and the outer diameter and the inner diameter are fixed by gluing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the throttle plug is assembled in the mounting hole, the end cap of the throttle plug is lower than the orifice of the mounting hole, and the orifice diameter of the mounting hole is 1.5 to 2.5 times of the outer diameter of the end cap of the throttle plug.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the throttle plug is screwed into the mounting hole, and an end of the throttle plug, which is far away from the end cap, extends out of the mounting hole and extends into the air cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston further includes two air chambers disposed in the piston main body, the two air chambers are spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the piston main body, and the two air chambers are communicated with each other through an air passage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piston further includes a valve seat disposed in the piston main body, the valve seat and the piston main body are in interference fit to close the air cavity, an air inlet passage communicating the air cavity and the exterior of the piston main body is disposed in the valve seat, the one-way air inlet valve is rotatably connected to the valve seat, and a free end of the one-way air inlet valve blocks the air inlet passage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is further included that the main body portion of the one-way intake valve includes a circular arc segment.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a cylinder which comprises the air floating piston.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the air floating piston and the air cylinder, the capillary tube with the inner diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm is used for replacing the throttling slit which is directly processed in the throttling plug, the throttling and pressure stabilizing effects of the capillary tube are utilized, when the gas is output from the mounting hole, the gas speed suddenly drops, all kinetic energy is converted into pressure potential energy for supporting the piston, sufficient radial support is provided for the piston, the requirement of the air floating piston on the processing precision is greatly reduced by using the capillary tube, the processing cost is low, the assembly difficulty is small, and the air floating piston has high air film rigidity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air floating piston in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the air floating piston of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle of the air floating piston according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a choke plug in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a throttle plug according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1-cylinder, 2-piston body, 4-valve seat, 6-air cavity, 8-one-way air inlet valve, 10-mounting hole, 12-throttle plug, 14-through hole, 16-capillary tube, 18-90-degree bending part, 20-end cap, 22-screw rod, 24-end socket, 26-air inlet channel, 27-air inlet, 28-arc segment, 30-air passage, 32-cylindrical groove and 34-threaded hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples
The embodiment of the invention discloses an air floating piston, which comprises a piston main body 2 and a throttling plug 12, wherein an air cavity 6 is arranged in the piston main body 2, and the air cavity 6 is controlled by a one-way air inlet valve 8 to be closed or communicated with the outside of the piston main body 2; specifically, a valve seat 4 is arranged in the piston main body 2, the valve seat 4 and the piston main body 2 are in interference fit to seal the air cavity 6, an air inlet channel 26 communicating the air cavity 6 with the outside of the piston main body 2 is arranged in the valve seat 4, the one-way air inlet valve 8 is rotatably connected to the valve seat 4, and the free end of the one-way air inlet valve 8 blocks the air inlet channel 26. When the external pressure of the piston main body 2 is greater than the pressure of the air cavity 6, the external air of the piston main body 2 jacks the one-way air inlet valve 8, and external high-pressure air enters the air cavity 6 through the air inlet channel 26; on the contrary, when the pressure outside the piston main body 2 is lower than the pressure of the air cavity 6, the one-way air inlet valve 8 blocks the air inlet passage 26, and prevents the air outside the piston main body 2 from entering the air cavity 6.
The piston main body 2 is provided with a mounting hole 10, the mounting hole 10 is communicated with the air cavity 6 and the outside of the piston main body 2 along the radial direction of the piston main body 2, and the throttle plug 12 is assembled in the mounting hole 10; a through hole 14 is formed in the throttle plug 12 along the axial direction of the throttle plug, a capillary tube 16 is fixed in the through hole 14, the inner diameter of the capillary tube 16 is 0.05-0.2 mm, and one end of the capillary tube 16 extends out of the through hole 14 and extends into the air cavity 6, so that the air cavity 6 is communicated with the outside of the piston main body 2 through the capillary tube 16.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the air-floating piston, when in use, the air-floating piston is in clearance fit with the cylinder body of the cylinder, when the external pressure of the piston is greater than the pressure of the air cavity 6, the external air pushes open the one-way air inlet valve 8, the external high-pressure air enters the air cavity 6 through the air inlet channel 26 in the valve seat 4, and then is ejected from the orifice of the mounting hole 10 under the throttling and pressure stabilizing action of the capillary tube 16 and is uniformly ejected to the inner surface of the cylinder; based on the Bernoulli principle of hydrodynamics, when gas is output from the orifice of the mounting hole 10, the gas velocity suddenly drops, and the kinetic energy is completely converted into pressure potential energy for supporting the piston, so that sufficient radial support is provided for the piston, and frictionless motion between the piston and the cylinder is realized.
The outer diameter of the capillary tube 16 is matched with the inner diameter of the through hole 14, the capillary tube is used for replacing a traditional throttling slit for air floatation or scattering, and compared with a throttling slit with the slit width of 0.05-0.2 mm processed on the throttling plug 12, the air floatation piston provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the processing difficulty of processing the through hole 14 matched with the capillary tube 16 on the throttling plug 12 is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the processing precision requirement on the through hole 14 is also greatly reduced, and the processing cost of the air floatation piston is reduced accordingly. On the other hand, the traditional air floating piston has the defect that the assembly difficulty of the air floating piston is higher because the width of the throttling slit is very small and the throttling slit is difficult to prevent from being blocked in the assembly process. In the embodiment of the invention, the capillary tube 16 is used for replacing the piston, so that the problem of high assembly difficulty is directly solved, the technical advantage of low assembly difficulty is brought, the gas film rigidity is higher, and sufficient radial support is provided for the piston.
Specifically, the capillary tube 16 and the through hole 14 are fixed by gluing, in one implementation scheme of the gluing, a little clear water-like epoxy glue is dipped by a hairbrush, the epoxy glue is uniformly coated on the inner wall of the through hole 14 of the throttle plug 12, which is in contact with the capillary tube 16, then the capillary tube 16 is inserted into the through hole 14, the end part of the inserted capillary tube 16 is controlled to be lower than the orifice of the through hole 14 when the capillary tube 16 is inserted, and an alcohol cotton ball is positioned at the hole site of the through hole 14 to wipe and squeeze overflowed glue before the glue is dried. In order to avoid the capillary 16 and the through hole 14 from blocking the inner diameter of the capillary 16 during the gluing process, the length d + c of the capillary should be 1-6 mm greater than the length of the screw a of the throttle plug 12, as shown in fig. 4.
The throttle plug 12 comprises a screw 22 and an end cap 20, the throttle plug 12 is assembled in the mounting hole 10 in a threaded fit manner, and one end of the throttle plug 12, which is far away from the end cap 20, extends out of the mounting hole 10 and extends into the air cavity 6. Specifically, the mounting hole 10 comprises a cylindrical groove 32 located at the opening and a threaded hole 34 communicated with the cylindrical groove, when the throttle plug 12 is assembled in the mounting hole 10, the screw 22 is in threaded tight fit with the threaded hole 34, the end cap 20 is accommodated in the cylindrical groove 32, and the brim of the end cap 20 is lower than the outer surface of the piston body 2. As can be seen from the formula F-P · a, when the pressure P of the gas ejected from the through hole 14 is not changed, the magnitude F of the gas buoyancy is positively correlated to the sectional area a of the cylindrical groove 32, in order to ensure that the gas piston can provide sufficient gas buoyancy, a must be within a reasonable range, and if a is too small, the gas ejected from the through hole 14 cannot be fully diffused and equalized, so that the gas pressure is not fully utilized, and the gas buoyancy is not uniform; when a is too large, gas pressure drop and gas buoyancy are caused by gas over diffusion, in the technical solution of this embodiment, when the throttle plug 12 is assembled in the mounting hole 10, the end cap 20 of the throttle plug 12 is lower than the orifice of the mounting hole 10, and the caliber of the orifice of the mounting hole 10 (i.e. the notch of the cylindrical groove 32) is 1.5 to 2.5 times the outer diameter of the end cap 20 of the throttle plug 12.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, one end of the capillary 16 extending into the air cavity 6 is provided with a 90 ° bent part 18, and in order to avoid uneven outlet pressure of the through hole 14 due to the dynamic pressure influence of the air inlet 27, the bending direction of the 90 ° bent part 18 is away from the air inlet 27 of the air cavity 6.
It can be understood that, in order to equalize the radial bearing force of the piston, a plurality of the mounting holes 10 (for example, four mounting holes 10 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction) are provided in the piston main body 2, and one of the throttle plugs 12 is provided corresponding to each of the mounting holes 10.
In another embodiment, in order to further uniform the radial bearing capacity of the piston, two air chambers 6 are arranged in the piston main body 2, the two air chambers 6 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the piston main body 2, and the two air chambers 6 are communicated through an air passage 30. Specifically, when one air cavity 6 is changed into two air cavities 6, a sealing head 24 is arranged in the piston main body 2, the sealing head 24 is in interference fit with the piston main body 2, and at the moment, the sealing head 24 is matched with the valve seat 4 to divide the interior of the piston main body 2 into the two air cavities 6 which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction. The piston main body 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 10 corresponding to each air cavity 6, each mounting hole is provided with one throttle plug 12, and based on the description of the above principle, the radial bearing capacity of the piston can be further uniform by arranging two air cavities 6.
As a further improvement of the present invention, one end of the one-way intake valve 8 is rotatably connected to the valve seat 4, and the other end (i.e. the free end) thereof blocks the intake passage 26, when the external pressure is higher than the pressure of the air cavity 6, the one-way intake valve 8 swings with the connection point of the one-way intake valve 8 and the valve seat 4 as a fulcrum (or the root of the one-way intake valve 8), as shown in fig. 1, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the main body of the one-way intake valve 8 includes an arc section 28, and the arc section 28 of the one-way intake valve 8 can buffer the acting force on the root of the one-way intake valve 8 when swinging, so that the one.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for an application where the air inlet pressure of the air chamber 6 is high, the length of the capillary 16 needs to be increased to further reduce the pressure of the air ejected from the through hole 14, and the longer capillary 16 can also enhance the pressure stabilizing effect, so that the pressure at the outlet of the through hole 14 is more uniform, and when the length of the capillary 16 is increased, as shown in fig. 5, the portion of the capillary 16 extending into the air chamber 6 is spirally arranged along the outer wall of the choke plug 12. Under the limited length of the capillary tube 16, the spiral arrangement has larger on-way resistance compared with the straight tube arrangement, so that the throttling and pressure stabilizing effects of the capillary tube 16 are more remarkable. On the other hand, when the capillary tube 16 is increased in length by the spiral arrangement to be applied to a scene with higher air inlet pressure, the diameter of the air floatation piston is favorably reduced compared with that of a straight tube arrangement; based on the same principle, the diameter of the air floating piston can be reduced by increasing the length of the capillary tube 16 by using the capillary tube 16 instead of the throttle slit of the conventional air floating piston.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a cylinder, which comprises the air floating piston in the embodiment, and the cylinder has all the technical effects of the air floating piston, can realize frictionless movement between the cylinder and the piston, and prolongs the service life of the piston.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An air-floating piston comprises a piston body,
the piston comprises a piston main body, wherein an air cavity is arranged in the piston main body and is controlled by a one-way air inlet valve to be closed or communicated with the outside of the piston main body; the piston main body is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is communicated with the air cavity and the outside of the piston main body along the radial direction of the piston main body;
the throttling plug is assembled in the mounting hole;
the method is characterized in that: a through hole is formed in the throttling plug along the axial direction of the throttling plug, a capillary tube is fixed in the through hole, one end of the capillary tube extends out of the through hole and extends into the air cavity, and the air cavity is communicated with the outside of the piston main body through the capillary tube.
2. The air-floating piston as recited in claim 1, further comprising: one end of the capillary tube, which extends into the air cavity, is provided with a 90-degree bending part, and the bending direction of the 90-degree bending part deviates from the air inlet of the air cavity.
3. The air-floating piston as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the part of the capillary tube extending into the air cavity is spirally arranged along the outer wall of the throttling plug.
4. The air-floating piston as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the outer diameter of the capillary tube is matched with the inner diameter of the through hole, and the capillary tube and the through hole are fixed through gluing.
5. The air-floating piston as recited in claim 1, further comprising: when the throttling plug is assembled in the mounting hole, the end cap of the throttling plug is lower than the orifice of the mounting hole, and the caliber of the orifice of the mounting hole is 1.5-2.5 times of the outer diameter of the end cap of the throttling plug.
6. The air floating piston of claim 5, further comprising: the throttling plug is assembled in the mounting hole in a threaded fit mode, and one end, far away from the end cap, of the throttling plug extends out of the mounting hole and extends into the air cavity.
7. The air-floating piston as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the piston is characterized in that two air cavities are arranged in the piston main body, the two air cavities are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the piston main body, and the two air cavities are communicated through an air passage.
8. The air-floating piston as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the piston is characterized in that a valve seat is arranged in the piston main body, the valve seat and the piston main body are in interference fit to seal the air cavity, an air inlet channel for communicating the air cavity and the outside of the piston main body is arranged in the valve seat, the one-way air inlet valve is rotatably connected to the valve seat, and the free end of the one-way air inlet valve blocks the air inlet channel.
9. The air floating piston of claim 8, further comprising: the main body portion of the one-way intake valve includes a circular arc section.
10. A cylinder, characterized by: comprising an air-floating piston according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010864539.7A CN111946816B (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Air-float piston and air cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010864539.7A CN111946816B (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Air-float piston and air cylinder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111946816A true CN111946816A (en) | 2020-11-17 |
| CN111946816B CN111946816B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010864539.7A Active CN111946816B (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Air-float piston and air cylinder |
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| JPH0539791A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Suction throttle valve for feed type screw compressor |
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| CN103527560A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Constant-force-output air-floating device with air cylinder compensation function |
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| CN107830008A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of general double acting air supporting friction-free air cylinder |
| CN109209824A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 中石化石油机械股份有限公司研究院 | Reciprocating compressor air floating piston |
| CN111137937A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-12 | 刘新建 | Shallow skimming dissolved air lift-inducing aeration air flotation machine based on cavitation micro bubbles |
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2020
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2050901A (en) * | 1979-06-04 | 1981-01-14 | Nippon Pneumatic Mfg | Torque control apparatus for pneumatic impact wrench |
| JPH0539791A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Suction throttle valve for feed type screw compressor |
| CN1561429A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-01-05 | 环球冷却有限公司 | Porous restrictor for gas bearing |
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| CN111137937A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-12 | 刘新建 | Shallow skimming dissolved air lift-inducing aeration air flotation machine based on cavitation micro bubbles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111946816B (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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