CN111945100B - Inert gas protected controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying method and device - Google Patents

Inert gas protected controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111945100B
CN111945100B CN202010821713.XA CN202010821713A CN111945100B CN 111945100 B CN111945100 B CN 111945100B CN 202010821713 A CN202010821713 A CN 202010821713A CN 111945100 B CN111945100 B CN 111945100B
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outer sleeve
inert gas
spray gun
matched
sleeve
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CN111945100A (en
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陈�峰
沈健健
吴立军
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Deqing Chuangzhi Technology Co ltd
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Deqing Chuangzhi Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plasma spraying, in particular to a controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying preparation method and device under the protection of inert gas. The method of the invention comprises the step S4: in the inert gas protection, the simulated controllable atmosphere of the shielding gas hood is formed, and the coating is sprayed by using a plasma spraying method. The device comprises a spray gun, an inner sleeve, a locking screw, a first outer sleeve, an air supply joint, a powder supply pipe and a second outer sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve is fixed on the spray gun, and the first outer sleeve is fixed on the inner sleeve; the second outer sleeve is fixed with the first outer sleeve; the inert gas feeding joint is fixed on the first outer sleeve; the powder feeding pipe enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve; an outer sleeve-shaped front end groove and an outer sleeve-shaped rear end groove are arranged at the first position of the outer sleeve; the output end of the gas supply joint is communicated with an annular rear end groove of the outer sleeve, and a gas inlet of inert gas tangentially enters the annular rear end groove of the outer sleeve; a gap is arranged between the first outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

Description

Inert gas protected controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plasma spraying, in particular to a controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying preparation method and device under the protection of inert gas.
Background
The atmospheric plasma spraying is a technology for strengthening and modifying the surface of a material, and can ensure that the surface of a matrix has the performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, electric insulation, heat insulation, radiation protection, friction reduction, sealing and the like. The plasma spraying technique uses a plasma arc driven by direct current as a heat source, heats materials such as ceramics, alloys, metals, etc. to a molten or semi-molten state, and sprays the materials at a high speed onto the surface of a processed workpiece to form a firmly adhered surface layer.
The process flow of the atmospheric plasma spraying comprises the following steps: cleaning, protecting, sand blasting, preheating, spraying and post-treatment (including hole sealing, machining and packaging).
The atmospheric plasma spraying has the following characteristics:
1. the method is suitable for preparing various high-performance coatings, and can melt various different kinds of powder because the central temperature can reach about 20000K in the spraying process. The coating is suitable for various spraying powder materials, and further various high-performance coatings such as corrosion-resistant, friction-resistant, wear-resistant and thermal barrier coatings are prepared;
2. the coating is compact, the porosity is low, generally about 5-10%, the bonding strength of the coating is high, the oxide ceramic is generally 20-30MPa, and the powder is fully melted at high temperature in the spraying process;
3. the surface of the coating is relatively flat and smooth, the thickness of the coating can be effectively controlled according to the requirement, and the thickness of the coating is about 0.1-1mm generally;
4. inert gas is used as working gas, so that the oxidation of powder in the spraying process can be effectively protected, and a high-performance coating is obtained;
5. the performance of the matrix is stable, and the temperature is about 200 ℃ when the central flame flow reaches the surface of the matrix although the temperature of the central flame flow is higher in the plasma spraying process, so that the performance of the matrix material is slightly influenced, and the structure of the matrix is not damaged;
6. the spraying application is wider, the requirement on the shape of a substrate is not high during atmospheric plasma spraying, the parts can be sprayed in a large area, the parts can also be sprayed locally, meanwhile, the efficiency is higher, and the plasma spraying operation process is simple and convenient.
However, atmospheric plasma also has its limitations, such as:
1. in the plasma spraying process, if the parameters such as the process and the like do not meet the required requirements, the powder is easy to oxidize under the action of a flame center, the temperature of the powder is instantaneously reduced when the powder reaches the matrix, the powder is easy to bear great temperature difference to cause the existence of thermal stress, the particles formed by the powder according to different melting states are uneven, the quality of the coating is seriously damaged, and the coating with low porosity, high bonding strength, high hardness and the like is difficult to manufacture;
2. due to the influence of flame flow speed, powder oxidation and bonding strength with a substrate, the layered structure of the coating is obvious, so that the bonding force between the coatings is small, certain difference between the coatings is caused, and the ultra-thick coating is difficult to spray.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background art, and to provide an inert gas protected plasma spraying method with controllable atmosphere imitation, which can spray thicker high bonding strength coatings.
The second object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the background art and to provide a device for an inert gas protected atmosphere-simulated plasma spraying method, which can spray a thick coating with high bonding strength.
The first technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating a controllable atmosphere is characterized by comprising the following steps of S4: in the inert gas protection, the controllable atmosphere of the shielding gas hood is formed, and the coating is sprayed by using a plasma spraying method. The coating comprises a ceramic or metal alloy coating.
In order to obtain the required coating and avoid the defects of the atmospheric plasma spraying, the invention adopts the controllable atmosphere plasma spraying. The controllable atmosphere plasma spraying is a technological process which is completed in a closed chamber containing specific gas atmosphere, the commonly used plasma gas comprises argon, helium, nitrogen and their compounds, a spray gun and a workpiece are operated by using a proper control system, meanwhile, powder is continuously fed into the spray gun by a powder feeder outside the spray chamber which meets the specified conditions, and when the pressure of the controllable atmosphere gas in the closed chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the process is also called low-pressure plasma spraying or vacuum plasma spraying, so that the components are not polluted, and the bonding strength is compact.
The controllable atmosphere plasma spraying process flow comprises the following steps: cleaning, protecting, sand blasting, vacuumizing (filling inert gas), preheating, spraying, cooling, and post-processing (hole sealing, machining and packaging).
Compared with the atmospheric plasma spraying, it has the following advantages:
1. the speed and temperature of the plasma jet are obviously improved compared with the atmospheric plasma spraying, and the lower the pressure is, the higher the jet speed is;
2. the residence time of the powder in a high-temperature area of the plasma jet is prolonged, the powder is heated more uniformly, the flying speed is higher, and the flattening capability of powder particles is improved;
3. the spraying temperature can be increased, and the powder particles can be fused mutually after being bonded;
4. the powder avoids oxidation and can be used for preparing various active material coatings;
the advantages determine that the bonding strength of the coating is greatly improved (up to 70Mpa), the porosity is reduced (up to 2%), the participation stress of the coating is reduced, the quality of the coating is obviously improved, and the thick coating is sprayed due to the increase of the bonding form and strength between the coatings.
The method of the invention also overcomes the defects of the plasma spraying of the controllable atmosphere gas while realizing the advantages of the spraying: the equipment is expensive, and the one-time investment is high; the production cost is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced; the size of the workpiece is controlled by the spraying box, and the large workpiece is difficult to realize controllable atmosphere spraying; workpiece cooling is limited and the substrate temperature is high.
Preferably, step S4 is specifically: the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece to be sprayed is 6-12mm, the inert gas supply pressure is 20-100Mpa, the flow rate is 30-100L/min, and the inert gas forms cyclone airflow under the pressure and the speed flow rate and then generates an inert gas protective shielding gas hood between the spray gun and the workpiece to be sprayed.
Preferably, the inert gas protected plasma spraying method imitating controllable atmosphere comprises the following steps:
s1, deoiling and cleaning: carrying out oil removal cleaning on a workpiece matrix to be sprayed;
s2, sand blasting: sand blasting is carried out, so that the substrate of the workpiece to be sprayed achieves proper roughness;
s3, preheating: the preheating temperature is 100-120 ℃;
s4, inert gas treatment: the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece is 8-10mm, the inert gas supply pressure is 30-80Mpa, the flow is 40-100L/min, and after the inert gas forms cyclone airflow under the pressure and the speed flow, an inert gas protective shielding gas hood is generated between the spray gun and the workpiece to be sprayed;
and S5, performing spraying treatment.
More preferably, in step S5, the spraying treatment includes an argon flow rate of 40-50L/min, a hydrogen flow rate: 5-12L/min, power 40-50 KW; spraying distance: 6-12mm, powder feeding amount: 20-40g/min, moving speed of the spray gun: 600-1000 mm/s.
More preferably, in step S5, the spraying treatment includes argon flow rate of 45L/min, hydrogen flow rate: 8L/min, power 45KW spraying distance: 9mm, powder feeding amount: 30g/min, moving speed of the spray gun: 800 mm/s.
More preferably, the step S5 further includes cooling and post-processing steps after the spraying treatment.
The second technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for an inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating a controllable atmosphere comprises a spray gun, an inner sleeve, a locking screw, a first outer sleeve, an air supply joint, a powder supply pipe and a second outer sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve is fixed on the spray gun, and the first outer sleeve is fixed on the inner sleeve; the second outer sleeve is fixed with the first outer sleeve; the inert gas feeding joint is fixed on the first outer sleeve; the powder feeding pipe enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve; an outer sleeve-shaped front end groove and an outer sleeve-shaped rear end groove are arranged at the first position of the outer sleeve; the output end of the gas supply joint is communicated with an annular rear end groove of the outer sleeve, and a gas inlet of inert gas tangentially enters the annular rear end groove of the outer sleeve;
a gap is arranged between the first outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.
Preferably, the inner sleeve is fixed on the spray gun through a locking screw, and the outer sleeve I is fixedly connected on the inner sleeve through threads; the second outer sleeve and the first outer sleeve are silver-welded together; the gas supply connector of the inert gas is fixed on the first outer sleeve through threads, and the gas supply connector is connected with a threaded hole and drilled in along the radial direction of the first outer sleeve; the powder feeding pipe is fixed on the first outer sleeve through threads and enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve through a process hole in the inner sleeve, and the powder feeding pipe is positioned according to the position requirement of a spray nozzle of the spray gun;
the height of a gap between the first outer sleeve and the inner sleeve is 0.1-0.15 mm.
The second technical object of the present invention is achieved by another technical means:
a device for an inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating a controllable atmosphere comprises a spray gun, an inner sleeve, a locking screw, a first outer sleeve, an air supply joint, a powder supply pipe and a second outer sleeve, wherein the spray gun is connected with a cavity of the inner sleeve in a matched manner through the locking screw, the outer end of the inner sleeve is connected with a cavity of the first outer sleeve in a matched manner, the output end of the air supply joint is communicated with a rear groove of the first outer sleeve, the output end of the powder supply pipe is positioned in the first groove of the outer sleeve, the powder supply pipe is installed at the right end of the spray gun in a matched manner, and the right end of the second outer sleeve is installed at the left end of the first outer sleeve in a matched manner; still include the left socle, the bearing, the right branch frame, the motor frame, swing motor, the lead screw, remove the frame, the thread bush, touch switch, base and positioner, install in base top left side left socle bottom, the bearing is installed in left socle right side ejection inslot, install in base top right side right branch frame bottom right side, swing motor passes through the motor frame and installs on the right branch frame right side, lead screw right-hand member and swing motor left side output coaxial coupling, lead screw left end and bearing right-hand member coaxial coupling, the thread bush is installed in removing frame rear side slot hole, thread bush and lead screw cooperation rotate to be connected, positioner installs on left socle and right branch frame, on two touch switch cooperations installation positioner, and touch switch passes through wire electric connection with swing motor.
Preferably, the device further comprises a driving roller support, a driving roller, a driven roller support, a driven roller, a conveying belt and a driving device, wherein the bottom end of the driving roller support is installed on the front side of the top end of the base, the driving roller is rotatably installed on the top end of the driving roller support, the bottom end of the driven roller support is installed on the rear side of the top end of the base, the driven roller is rotatably installed on the top end of the driven roller support, the driving roller and the driven roller are matched to enable the conveying belt to rotatably support, and the output end of the driving device is coaxially and rotatably connected with the driving roller.
Preferably, the positioning device comprises a cross beam, a guide rail and a sliding block, the cross beam is arranged at the top ends of the left support and the bearing, the rear end of the guide rail is arranged at the front end of the cross beam, the front end of the sliding block is arranged at the rear end of the movable frame, and the top ends of the two touch switches are arranged at the bottom end of the cross beam in a matched mode.
Preferably, the device further comprises an adjusting groove, an adjusting rod and a bolt, wherein the rear end of the adjusting groove is installed at the front end of the movable frame, the front end of the adjusting rod is fixed at the rear end of the spray gun, the rear end of the adjusting rod is matched and slidably connected with the front end of the adjusting groove, and the adjusting rod is matched and connected with the adjusting groove through the bolt.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a transmission motor, a sector gear and a driven gear, the top end of the transmission motor is fixed on the top wall of the cavity of the base, the left end of the sector gear is coaxially installed at the right output end of the transmission motor, the left end of the driven gear is coaxially connected with the right end of the driving roller, and the sector gear is matched with the driven gear to be rotatably connected.
Preferably, the device also comprises a plurality of adjusting feet, and the top ends of the adjusting feet are matched and arranged at the bottom end of the base.
Preferably, the device further comprises a gear cover, the bottom end of the gear cover is arranged at the top end of the base, and the driven gear and the sector gear are positioned inside the gear cover.
Preferably, the device also comprises a plurality of rubber pads, and the top ends of the rubber pads are arranged at the bottom ends of the adjusting feet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: make the bearing install on the base top through the left socle, right branch frame and motor frame cooperation make swing motor support mounting on the base top, swing motor makes through lead screw and thread bush cooperation and removes the frame and carry out lateral shifting, make the lead screw rotate through the bearing and fix a position, make through touch switch and remove the frame and remove the interval and fix a position, make spray gun fixed mounting through removing the frame, improve the spraying degree of consistency, increase spraying product quality, improve job stabilization nature, reduce and use the limitation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left-view structural diagram of a third apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic left side view of a portion of a third apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of a third apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers: 1. a spray gun; 2. an inner sleeve; 3. locking the screw; 4. a first outer sleeve; 5. an air supply joint; 6. a powder feeding pipe; 7. a second outer sleeve; 8. a left bracket; 9. a bearing; 10. a right bracket; 11. a motor frame; 12. a swing motor; 13. a lead screw; 14. a movable frame; 15. a threaded sleeve; 16. a touch switch; 17. a base; 18. a drive roll support; 19. a drive roll; 20. a driven roller bracket; 21. a driven roller; 22. a conveyor belt; 23. a cross beam; 24. a guide rail; 25. a slider; 26. an adjustment groove; 27. adjusting a rod; 28. a bolt; 29. a transfer motor; 30. a sector gear; 31. a driven tooth; 32. adjusting the foot; 33. a gear cover; 34. and (7) a rubber pad.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made in the examples without inventive faculty, and yet still be protected by the scope of the claims.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the device for the inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating the controllable atmosphere comprises a spray gun 1, an inner sleeve 2, a locking screw 3, a first outer sleeve 4, an air supply joint 5, a powder supply pipe 6 and a second outer sleeve 7, wherein the inner sleeve 2 is fixed on the spray gun 1, and the first outer sleeve 4 is fixed on the inner sleeve 2; the second outer sleeve 7 and the first outer sleeve 4 are fixed together; an inert gas feeding joint 5 is fixed on the first outer sleeve 4; the powder feeding pipe 6 enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2;
a jacket-ring-shaped front end groove 41 and a jacket-ring-shaped rear end groove 42 are arranged at the jacket I4; the output end of the air supply connector 5 is communicated with the outer sleeve-shaped rear end groove 42, and the air inlet 101 of the inert gas tangentially enters the outer sleeve-shaped rear end groove 42; a gap 102 is arranged between the outer sleeve I4 and the inner sleeve 2. The height of the gap 102 between the first outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 2 is 0.1 mm.
Example two
The device for the inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating the controllable atmosphere comprises a spray gun 1, an inner sleeve 2, a locking screw 3, a first outer sleeve 4, an air supply joint 5, a powder supply pipe 6 and a second outer sleeve 7, wherein the inner sleeve 2 is fixed on the spray gun 1 through the locking screw, and the first outer sleeve 4 is fixed on the inner sleeve 2 through threaded connection; the second outer sleeve 7 and the first outer sleeve 4 are silver-soldered together; an inert gas feeding connector 5 is fixed on the outer sleeve I4 through threads, and the gas feeding connector 5 is connected with a threaded hole and radially drilled into the outer sleeve I4; the powder feeding pipe 6 is fixed on the outer sleeve I4 through threads and enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 2 through a process hole on the inner sleeve 2, and is positioned according to the requirement of the position of a nozzle of the spray gun 1; the height of the gap 102 between the first outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 2 is 0.15 mm.
The working principle is as follows:
inert gas (generally with the pressure of 30-80Mpa and the flow rate of 40-70L/min) enters a groove at the rear end of an outer sleeve (such as an annular groove for inert gas inlet and storage) in a rotating manner through an air supply connector at high pressure and high speed, an inert gas inlet (a threaded hole for connecting the air supply connector is drilled along the radial direction of the outer sleeve, so that cyclone airflow is formed) tangentially enters the groove, the high-pressure and high-speed gas can generate cyclone effect after entering the groove, so that the inert gas flows in a rotating manner, the gas can be uniformly distributed after entering the groove, a uniform gas cover can be easily generated, the inert gas enters a groove at the front end of the outer sleeve (such as the annular groove has the function of the storage) through uniformly distributed small holes, (secondary grooves are used for stabilizing and uniformly distributing the gas), and the inert gas passes through a gap between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve (such as the gap is generally between 0.1 and 0.15 mm), the plasma spray gun is used for spraying the gas at a high speed, the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece is generally 8-10mm, the advancing speed of the gas is greatly higher than the diffusion speed, and the sprayed high-speed gas forms a gas hood between the spray gun and the workpiece. (an appropriate gas hood can be prepared according to the thickness of the workpiece), and the gas supply pressure can be adjusted to obtain the appropriate gas hood when the thickness exceeds 8-10 mm. Because the cross section of the air inlet is larger than that of the air outlet, the advancing speed of the output inert gas flow is ensured to be larger than the diffusion speed by adding a certain air supply pressure and a proper distance, and the continuous output can be ensured, so that a durable inert gas protective cover is formed between the spray gun and the workpiece. The flame flow, the molten particles and the matrix are isolated from the external atmospheric environment during spraying, and the problem of oxidation is solved.
Because the high-pressure gas is sprayed out at high speed and continuously and durably combined with the diffusion of the inert gas, the pressure inside the gas hood is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, and a pseudo-low-pressure environment is formed. And the low pressure is favorable for guaranteeing that the temperature of the flame flow is reduced, so that the retention time of the powder in a high-temperature environment is prolonged, the powder is heated uniformly, and the powder melting is facilitated. In addition, due to the low pressure, the flame flow and the powder particle resistance become small, and the flying speed is higher. The two points are beneficial to melting and flattening of powder particles, increase the bonding among interlayer particles, and formation of a coating with low porosity, low oxidation, high density, high hardness and high bonding strength, so that thick coating spraying becomes possible. (the thickness of the sprayed Al-Si coating can reach 10mm by the above method and proper cooling).
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the apparatus for the inert gas protected atmosphere-simulated controllable plasma spraying method comprises a spray gun 1, an inner sleeve 2, a locking screw 3, an outer sleeve one 4, a gas supply joint 5, a powder supply pipe 6 and an outer sleeve two 7, wherein the spray gun 1 is connected with a cavity of the inner sleeve 2 in a matching way through the locking screw 3, the outer end of the inner sleeve 2 is connected with a cavity of the outer sleeve one 4 in a matching way, the output end of the gas supply joint 5 is communicated with a rear groove of the outer sleeve one 4, the output end of the powder supply pipe 6 is positioned in the cavity of the outer sleeve one 4, the powder supply pipe 6 is installed in a matching way with the right end of the spray gun 1, and the right end of the outer sleeve two 7 is installed at the left end of the outer sleeve one 4 in a matching way; the automatic lifting device comprises a left support 8, a bearing 9, a right support 10, a motor frame 11, a swing motor 12, a lead screw 13, a moving frame 14, a threaded sleeve 15, a touch switch 16, a base 17 and a positioning device, wherein the bottom end of the left support 8 is installed on the left side of the top end of the base 17, the bearing 9 is installed in a groove which is ejected from the right side of the left support 8, the bottom end of the right support 10 is installed on the right side of the top end of the base 17, the swing motor 12 is installed on the right side of the right support 10 through the motor frame 11, the right end of the lead screw 13 is coaxially connected with the output end of the left side of the swing motor 12, the left end of the lead screw 13 is coaxially connected with the right end of the bearing 9, the threaded sleeve 15 is installed in a groove hole in the rear side of the moving frame 14, the threaded sleeve 15 is in matched and rotated connection with the lead screw 13, the positioning device is installed on the left support 8 and the right support 10, two touch switches 16 are installed on the positioning device in a matched manner, and the touch switch 16 is electrically connected with the swing motor 12 through a lead wire; make bearing 9 install on base 17 top through left socle 8, right branch frame 10 and the cooperation of motor frame 11 make swing motor 12 support mounting on base 17 top, swing motor 12 makes through lead screw 13 and the cooperation of thread bush 15 and removes frame 14 and carry out lateral shifting, make lead screw 13 rotate through bearing 9 and fix a position, it fixes a position to make to remove frame 14 removal interval through touch switch 16, make 1 fixed mounting of spray gun through removing frame 14, improve the spraying degree of consistency, increase spraying product quality, improve job stabilization nature, reduce and use the limitation.
The device also comprises a driving roller support 18, a driving roller 19, a driven roller support 20, a driven roller 21, a conveyor belt 22 and a driving device, wherein the bottom end of the driving roller support 18 is arranged on the front side of the top end of the base 17, the driving roller 19 is rotatably arranged on the top end of the driving roller support 18, the bottom end of the driven roller support 20 is arranged on the rear side of the top end of the base 17, the driven roller 21 is rotatably arranged on the top end of the driven roller support 20, the driving roller 19 and the driven roller 21 are matched to enable the conveyor belt 22 to rotatably support, and the output end of the driving device is coaxially and rotatably connected with the driving roller 19; make drive roll 19 rotate through drive roll support 18 and install on base 17 top, make driven voller 21 rotate through driven voller support 20 and install on base 17 top, driven voller 21 and drive roll 19 cooperation make conveyer belt 22 rotate and support, make conveyer belt 22 carry the stability to the work piece through drive arrangement, improve work efficiency, increase spraying stability, improve work piece spraying quality, increase adaptability, reduce the use limitation.
The positioning device comprises a cross beam 23, a guide rail 24 and a slide block 25, wherein the cross beam 23 is arranged at the top ends of the left bracket 8 and the bearing 9, the rear end of the guide rail 24 is arranged at the front end of the cross beam 23, the front end of the slide block 25 is arranged at the rear end of the moving frame 14, and the top ends of the two touch switches 16 are arranged at the bottom end of the cross beam 23 in a matching manner; make guided way 24 and touch switch 16 stabilize the installation through crossbeam 23, guided way 24 and slider 25 cooperation make remove 14 removal trails and carry out the action, improve the mobility stability, reduce work and rock, improve the spraying quality, reduce and use the limitation.
The device also comprises an adjusting groove 26, an adjusting rod 27 and a bolt 28, wherein the rear end of the adjusting groove 26 is arranged at the front end of the movable frame 14, the front end of the adjusting rod 27 is fixed at the rear end of the spray gun 1, the rear end of the adjusting rod 27 is matched and slidably connected with the front end of the adjusting groove 26, and the adjusting rod 27 is matched and connected with the adjusting groove 26 through the bolt 28; make spray gun 1 and work piece height adjust through adjusting pole 27 and adjustment tank 26 cooperation, make adjustment tank 26 and adjust pole 27 position through bolt 28 and lock, improve and adjust the convenience, increase job stabilization nature, improve adaptability, reduce and use the limitation.
The driving device comprises a transmission motor 29, a sector gear 30 and a driven gear 31, the top end of the transmission motor 29 is fixed on the top wall of the cavity of the base 17, the left end of the sector gear 30 is coaxially installed at the right output end of the transmission motor 29, the left end of the driven gear 31 is coaxially connected with the right end of the driving roller 19, and the sector gear 30 is matched with the driven gear 31 for rotation connection; the transmission motor 29 enables the driving roller 19 to carry out advanced conveying through the matching of the sector gear 30 and the driven gear 31, so that the adaptability is improved, the working stability is improved, and the use limitation is reduced.
The device also comprises a plurality of adjusting feet 32, wherein the top ends of the adjusting feet 32 are arranged at the bottom end of the base 17 in a matching way; make device stable support through a plurality of regulation feet 32, improve device installation adaptability, increase maneuverability, improve job stabilization nature, reduce and use the limitation.
The device also comprises a gear cover 33, the bottom end of the gear cover 33 is arranged at the top end of the base 17, and the driven gear 31 and the sector gear 30 are positioned inside the gear cover 33; make sector gear 30 and driven gear 31 transmission stability increase through gear cover 33, increase and use the installation nature, improve adaptability, reduce and use the limitation.
The device also comprises a plurality of rubber pads, the top ends of which are arranged at the bottom ends of the adjusting feet 32; make device shock attenuation effect increase through the cooperation of a plurality of rubber pads, improve job stabilization nature, reduce and use the limitation.
When the device works, a workpiece is placed at the top end of a conveyor belt 22 in a matched mode, then the workpiece is sprayed through a spray gun 1, then a swing motor 12 is started to enable the spray gun 1 to swing in a transverse spraying mode through the matching of a lead screw 13 and a threaded sleeve 15, then a touch switch 16 is touched through a moving frame 14 to enable the swing motor 12 to control forward and reverse rotation, and then a conveyor motor 29 is started to enable the conveyor belt 22 to carry out stable conveying spraying through the progressive matching of a sector gear 30 and a driven gear 31.
The installation mode, the connection mode or the arrangement mode of the device are all common mechanical modes, and the device can be implemented as long as the beneficial effects of the device can be achieved; the swing motor 12 and the transmission motor 29 of the device are purchased from the market, and the technicians in the industry only need to install and operate the device according to the attached operating instructions.
Application examples
By spraying Al 2 O 3 For example, the following steps are carried out: the matrix of the sample is 45 # Steel, dimensions Φ 25.4x10mm, bond layer: NiCr, powder particle size: 15-45 μm, coating thickness: 100 μm, top layer: al (Al) 2 O 3 Powder particle size: 10-30 microns, coating thickness: 300 μm
The specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) oil removing and cleaning
(2) And sand blasting: white corundum is adopted, 120 meshes are adopted, the gas pressure is 40Mpa, the angle is 15 degrees, and the Ra is 2.5-4.0 mu m
(3) The preheating temperature is 100 ℃ and 120 DEG C
(4) Argon is adopted as inert gas, and the supply pressure is as follows: 50Mpa, flow 70L/min
(5) And spraying: argon flow rate of 45L/min, hydrogen flow rate: 8L/min, power 45KW spraying distance: 9mm, powder feeding amount: 30g/min, moving speed of the spray gun: 800mm/s
(6) Processing and measuring the corresponding parameters
In contrast to atmospheric plasma spray and low pressure (controlled atmosphere) plasma spray coatings
Experiment of Atmospheric plasma Low pressure plasma Inert gas shielded plasma
Porosity% 6.4 2 2.7
Microhardness Hv0.1 811 908 883
Bonding strength Mpa 25.7 23.2 28.9
In summary, the modified inert gas-protected plasma spraying method with the simulated gas protective atmosphere combines the advantages of two spraying methods, namely atmospheric plasma spraying and controllable atmosphere plasma spraying, can effectively prevent the powder particles from being oxidized, can effectively guarantee the melting time of the powder particles, increases the flight speed of flame flow and the powder particles, and can be used for making coatings with low pores, high density and high bonding strength.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An inert gas protected plasma spraying method simulating a controllable atmosphere is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, deoiling and cleaning: carrying out oil removal cleaning on a workpiece matrix to be sprayed;
s2, sand blasting: sand blasting is carried out, so that the matrix of the workpiece to be sprayed reaches proper roughness;
s3, preheating: the preheating temperature is 100-120 ℃;
s4, inert gas treatment: the distance between the plasma spray gun and the workpiece is 8-10mm, the inert gas supply pressure is 30-80Mpa, the flow is 40-100L/min, and after the inert gas forms cyclone airflow under the pressure and the speed flow, an inert gas protective shielding gas hood is generated between the spray gun and the workpiece to be sprayed;
s5, spray coating: comprises 40-50L/min of argon flow, hydrogen flow: 5-12L/min, power 40-50 KW; spraying distance: 6-12mm, powder feeding amount: 20-40g/min, moving speed of the spray gun: 600-1000 mm/s;
the device for simulating the controllable atmosphere plasma spraying method comprises a spray gun (1), an inner sleeve (2), a locking screw (3), a first outer sleeve (4), an air supply connector (5), a powder feeding pipe (6) and a second outer sleeve (7), wherein the spray gun (1) is matched and connected with a cavity of the inner sleeve (2) through the locking screw (3), the outer end of the inner sleeve (2) is matched and connected with a groove cavity of the first outer sleeve (4), the output end of the air supply connector (5) is communicated with a rear groove of the first outer sleeve (4), the output end of the powder feeding pipe (6) is positioned in the groove of the first outer sleeve (4), the powder feeding pipe (6) is matched and installed with the right end of the spray gun (1), and the second outer sleeve (7) is matched and installed at the left end of the first outer sleeve (4); the device comprises a left support (8), a bearing (9), a right support (10), a motor frame (11), a swing motor (12), a lead screw (13), a moving frame (14), a threaded sleeve (15), a touch switch (16), a base (17) and a positioning device, wherein the bottom end of the left support (8) is arranged on the left side of the top end of the base (17), the bearing (9) is arranged in a right ejecting groove of the left support (8), the bottom end of the right support (10) is arranged on the right side of the top end of the base (17), the swing motor (12) is arranged on the right side of the right support (10) through the motor frame (11), the right end of the lead screw (13) is coaxially connected with the left output end of the swing motor (12), the left end of the lead screw (13) is coaxially connected with the right end of the bearing (9), the threaded sleeve (15) is arranged in a groove hole on the rear side of the moving frame (14), the threaded sleeve (15) is matched with the lead screw (13) to be rotatably connected, the positioning device is arranged on the left support (8) and the right support (10), the two touch switches (16) are arranged on the positioning device in a matching way, and the touch switches (16) are electrically connected with the swing motor (12) through a lead;
the automatic feeding device is characterized by further comprising a driving roller support (18), a driving roller (19), a driven roller support (20), a driven roller (21), a conveying belt (22) and a driving device, wherein the bottom end of the driving roller support (18) is installed on the front side of the top end of the base (17), the driving roller (19) is rotatably installed at the top end of the driving roller support (18), the bottom end of the driven roller support (20) is installed on the rear side of the top end of the base (17), the driven roller (21) is rotatably installed at the top end of the driven roller support (20), the driving roller (19) and the driven roller (21) are matched to enable the conveying belt (22) to be rotatably supported, and the output end of the driving device is coaxially and rotatably connected with the driving roller (19);
the positioning device comprises a cross beam, a guide rail and a sliding block, the cross beam is arranged at the top ends of the left bracket and the bearing, the rear end of the guide rail is arranged at the front end of the cross beam, the front end of the sliding block is arranged at the rear end of the movable frame, and the top ends of the two touch switches are arranged at the bottom end of the cross beam in a matched manner;
the device also comprises an adjusting groove, an adjusting rod and a bolt, wherein the rear end of the adjusting groove is arranged at the front end of the movable frame, the front end of the adjusting rod is fixed at the rear end of the spray gun, the rear end of the adjusting rod is matched and slidably connected with the front end of the adjusting groove, and the adjusting rod is matched and connected with the adjusting groove through the bolt;
the driving device comprises a conveying motor, a sector gear and a driven gear, the top end of the conveying motor is fixed on the top wall of the cavity of the base, the left end of the sector gear is coaxially installed at the right output end of the conveying motor, the left end of the driven gear is coaxially connected with the right end of the driving roller, and the sector gear is matched with the driven gear to rotate and be connected.
2. The inert gas shielding controlled atmosphere imitation plasma spraying method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the spraying treatment comprises argon flow rate of 45L/min, hydrogen flow rate: 8L/min, power 45KW, spraying distance: 9mm, powder feeding amount: 30g/min, moving speed of the spray gun: 800 mm/s.
3. The inert gas shielded simulated controlled atmosphere plasma spraying method of claim 2, wherein the step S5 further comprises cooling and post-processing steps after the spraying treatment.
CN202010821713.XA 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Inert gas protected controllable atmosphere simulating plasma spraying method and device Active CN111945100B (en)

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JP5284774B2 (en) * 2008-12-26 2013-09-11 トーカロ株式会社 Plasma spraying device with particle acceleration nozzle and plasma spraying method
CN102251207A (en) * 2011-07-04 2011-11-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Spray gun and workpiece carrying system for plasma spraying
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