CN111945049B - Aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111945049B
CN111945049B CN202010890343.5A CN202010890343A CN111945049B CN 111945049 B CN111945049 B CN 111945049B CN 202010890343 A CN202010890343 A CN 202010890343A CN 111945049 B CN111945049 B CN 111945049B
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aluminum
molybdenum
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purity
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CN111945049A (en
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王志军
刘强
孙鑫
何建成
刘志彬
段善博
纪海龙
马英梁
王东华
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Chengde Tianda Vanadium Industry Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C27/00Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60.0 to 65.0 percent of molybdenum, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities; is prepared by taking high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars as raw materials; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out vacuum induction melting on high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars to obtain an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt; (2) refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid; (3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum alloy. The invention neutralizes the density and melting point of two simple substances of aluminum and molybdenum by designing the components of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, thereby preventing component segregation and element burning loss; the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy prepared by the method has the advantages of low impurity content, small component segregation, simple operation, convenient control and high efficiency.

Description

Aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Titanium and its alloy have many excellent properties, such as high strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and good comprehensive technological properties, etc., and increasingly become an attractive material in the field of modern industrial science and technology, and have been widely applied in aerospace, aviation, petroleum, chemical engineering, light industry, metallurgy, machinery, energy and other fields.
Aluminum and molybdenum are main alloy components of the titanium alloy, and a proper amount of aluminum element can improve the room temperature and high temperature strength and the heat strength of the titanium alloy,the strengthening effect of molybdenum is obvious, and the strength and the hardenability of the titanium alloy can be improved. The density of the aluminum is 2.7g/cm3The melting point is 660 ℃, and the density of the molybdenum is 10.2g/cm3The melting point is 2620 ℃, if aluminum and molybdenum are smelted in a simple substance mode, the segregation of titanium alloy elements can be caused due to density difference, and the burning loss and refractory phenomena of the elements can also be caused due to the melting point difference, the melting point of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is about 1550 ℃, the melting point of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is close to that of the titanium sponge substrate, the smelting is carried out in an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy mode, the batching step is optimized, the smelted titanium alloy has smaller component segregation and smaller burning loss, the homogenization of alloy components is facilitated, and the loss of raw materials for smelting the titanium alloy is reduced.
Aluminum molybdenum master alloys are most commonly used in the TC6 titanium alloy and the TC11 titanium alloy. The TC6 titanium alloy is a good martensite type two-phase titanium alloy, is mainly used for manufacturing parts such as compressor disks, blades and the like of aeroengines, can work for more than 6000 hours at a temperature of below 400 ℃ for a long time and can work for less than 2000 hours at a temperature of below 450 ℃, and can also be used as a medium-strength alloy for manufacturing bearing machine members such as bulkheads, joints and the like of airplanes and fasteners for different purposes. The TC11 titanium alloy is an alpha-beta type heat-resistant titanium alloy, is a high-temperature titanium alloy which is widely applied in aviation in China, has the highest use temperature of 500 ℃, and is mainly used for manufacturing parts such as compressor disks, blades, drums and the like of aeroengines.
At present, the preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum alloy generally adopts an external thermite method and a two-step method for preparation. For example, CN103397237A discloses an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and a production method thereof, wherein raw materials are molybdenum dioxide, molybdenum trioxide and aluminum particles, and an ATR reaction apparatus is adopted to perform an aluminothermic reduction reaction, thereby obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum alloy, and the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is characterized in that molybdenum oxide reacted with aluminum is subjected to molybdenum oxide granulation treatment. The method has the advantages of high alloy yield and safe production process, and has the defects of poor alloy uniformity, high impurity content, incapability of controlling gaseous impurities such as oxygen, nitrogen and the like, and increase of brittleness of the titanium alloy due to nitrogen elements, thereby directly influencing the quality of the titanium alloy.
CN106011576A discloses a preparation method of an aerospace grade molybdenum-aluminum alloy, wherein the production method is a two-step method, in the first step, molybdenum trioxide powder, aluminum powder and fluorite powder are used as molybdenum-aluminum alloy production raw materials to carry out aluminothermic reduction reaction to obtain an aluminum-molybdenum alloy block; and secondly, supplementing certain aluminum beans and small aluminum-molybdenum alloy blocks for vacuum electron beam melting to obtain the final aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy. The method has the advantages of uniform distribution of molybdenum element, less impurity element content, stable aluminum element content, various working procedures, difficult control and low production efficiency.
Therefore, how to develop an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy with excellent performance is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and a method for preparing the same, so as to solve the above problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60.0 to 65.0 percent of molybdenum, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities; the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is prepared by taking high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars as raw materials; preferably, the mass percentage of molybdenum is 62.0%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the density and melting point of two simple substances of aluminum and molybdenum are neutralized by designing the components of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, thereby preventing component segregation and element burning loss. Experimental results show that the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy prepared by the method has low impurity content and low component segregation.
Further, the inevitable impurities comprise, in mass percent: fe is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, O is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, H is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, V is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and W is less than or equal to 0.02 percent.
The method has the further beneficial effects that O, N impurity elements can reduce the plasticity of the titanium alloy, other impurity elements can reduce the strength and toughness of the titanium alloy, and the lower the content of the impurity elements is, the better the quality of the titanium alloy is, so the content of the impurity elements in the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is limited, and the quality of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy and the titanium alloy is ensured.
Furthermore, the purity of the high-purity aluminum is more than 99.99 percent, and the purity of the molybdenum strip is more than 99.95 percent.
The method has the further beneficial effects that the purity of the raw material is higher, the purity of the produced aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is higher, and the purity of the smelted titanium alloy is higher, so that the purity of the raw material of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is limited, and the performance of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is ensured.
The preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out vacuum induction melting on high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars to obtain an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt;
(2) refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the high-purity aluminum to the molybdenum strip is 1: (1.506-1.861).
The melting point and the density of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy smelted by using the high-purity aluminum and molybdenum strips with the mass ratio are closer to those of the matrix titanium sponge, and the method is more suitable for smelting titanium alloy.
Further, in the step (1), the vacuum induction melting comprises the following specific operation steps: adding high-purity aluminum and molybdenum strips into a medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing to be more than or equal to 40Pa, setting the initial power to be 40-45kW, adjusting the power to be 55-60kW after 4-6min, adjusting the power to be 68-72kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
furthermore, in the step (1), the vacuum induction melting comprises the following specific operation steps: adding high-purity aluminum and molybdenum strips into a medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing to 25-30Pa, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects that the medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace used by the invention has high thermal efficiency and quick melting, and because of vacuum operation, impurities are not easy to introduce, and the environment pollution is small; the invention adopts staged (power) control smelting, and has the advantages that: safe and electricity-saving, and has low damage to the furnace and various appliances in the furnace.
Further, in the step (2), the refining power is 78-82kW, the refining temperature is 1500-;
furthermore, in the step (2), the refining power is 80kW, the refining temperature is 1520-.
Adopt above-mentioned further beneficial effect to lie in, the refining can make aluminium molybdenum intermediate alloy melt more abundant, more even, and play the effect of purification and impurity removal, through control power, can make the refining temperature be a little higher than the alloy melting point to reach the refining purpose.
And (3) cooling for more than or equal to 2.5 hours.
The further beneficial effects of the above are that the temperature of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is too high to be oxidized when contacting with air, so that sufficient cooling is needed, and if the cooling time is too short, the temperature can not be reduced to the qualified temperature.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method selects high-purity raw materials, the purity of aluminum is more than 99.99 percent, the purity of molybdenum bars is more than 99.95 percent, and the method can avoid component segregation when used for smelting titanium alloy, thereby solving the problems of segregation and burning loss when aluminum and molybdenum are directly added into a titanium ingot in the form of pure metal;
2. compared with aluminum-molybdenum alloys (such as CN103397237A) produced by a conventional aluminothermic method, the aluminum-molybdenum alloy is smelted by a medium-frequency vacuum induction furnace, the components of the product are stable, and the uniformity of the components of the alloy and the extremely low impurity content are ensured, so that the problems of poor alloy uniformity and high impurity content in the existing production method are solved;
3. compared with aluminum-molybdenum alloys (such as CN106011576A) produced by a two-step method, the method adopts one-step intermediate frequency vacuum furnace smelting, has simple operation, convenient control and high efficiency, and solves the problems of various working procedures, difficult control and low production efficiency in the existing production method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following embodiments, the model of the medium frequency vacuum induction melting furnace is as follows: ZGJL0.1-200-2.5A, purchased from Jinzhou electric furnace factory;
before vacuum induction melting, the method also comprises the following steps:
(1) starting a circulating water pump, checking whether the pipelines have leakage or not, and adjusting the water quantity distribution of each pipeline to be proper and the pressure to be proper;
(2) checking whether the power system is normal or not, and if the power system is abnormal, maintaining in time;
(3) and (3) confirming the transparent condition of the glass of the observation hole, if the condition is poor, opening the cover to wipe or polishing with sand paper, and after the observation hole is installed back, twisting the position-adjusting hand button, wherein the position adjustment is flexible, and the gland is sealed well.
Example 1
The preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 23.3kg of high-purity aluminum with the purity of more than 99.99 percent and 35.1kg of molybdenum strips with the purity of more than 99.95 percent into a medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 30Pa, feeding power for smelting, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
(2) adjusting the power of the medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace to 80kW, refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt at 1650 ℃ for 4min, and pouring to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid for 2.5h, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Example 2
The preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 23.5kg of high-purity aluminum with the purity of more than 99.99 percent and 36.0kg of molybdenum strips with the purity of more than 99.95 percent into a medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing to 30Pa, feeding power for melting, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
(2) adjusting the power of the medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace to 80kW, refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt at 1630 ℃ for 4min, and pouring to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid for 2.5h, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Example 3
The preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 22.8kg of high-purity aluminum with the purity of more than 99.99 percent and 38.0kg of molybdenum strips with the purity of more than 99.95 percent into a medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 30Pa, feeding power for smelting, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
(2) adjusting the power of the medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace to 80kW, refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt at 1600 ℃ for 5min, and pouring to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid for 2.5h, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Example 4
(1) Adding 22.3kg of high-purity aluminum with the purity of more than 99.99 percent and 39.7kg of molybdenum strips with the purity of more than 99.95 percent into a medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 30Pa, feeding power for smelting, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
(2) adjusting the power of the medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace to 80kW, refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt at 1550 ℃ for 6min, and pouring to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid for 2.5h, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Example 5
(1) Adding 20.8kg of high-purity aluminum with the purity of more than 99.99 percent and 38.7kg of molybdenum strips with the purity of more than 99.95 percent into a medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing to 30Pa, feeding power for smelting, setting the initial power to be 40kW, adjusting the power to 60kW after 5min, adjusting the power to 70kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
(2) adjusting the power of the medium-frequency vacuum induction smelting furnace to 80kW, refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt at 1500 ℃ for 6min, and pouring to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) and cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid for 2.5h, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy.
Performance detection
1. The aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy ingots (cylinders) prepared in examples 1 to 5 were sampled, and chemical composition analysis was performed using two points (1, 2) from the upper surface of the ingot, two points (3, 4) from the lower surface of the ingot, and two points (5, 6) from the middle portion of the ingot, and the results are shown in tables 1 to 5.
Table 1 example 1 analysis result of chemical composition of aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingot
Figure BDA0002656728330000071
Figure BDA0002656728330000081
Table 2 example 2 analysis results of chemical composition of aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingot
Figure BDA0002656728330000082
Table 3 example 3 analysis results of chemical composition of aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingot
Figure BDA0002656728330000083
Figure BDA0002656728330000091
Table 4 example 4 analysis results of chemical composition of aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingot
Figure BDA0002656728330000092
TABLE 5 EXAMPLE 5 analysis results of chemical composition of aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingot
Figure BDA0002656728330000093
As can be seen from tables 1 to 5, the Al-Mo master alloys prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have uniform and stable compositions and no segregation.
2. The Al-Mo master alloy ingots (cylinders) prepared in examples 1-5 were sampled for chemical composition analysis, and the most preferable results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 EXAMPLES 1-5 optimum results for aluminum molybdenum master alloy ingots
Figure BDA0002656728330000101
As can be seen from Table 6, the Al-Mo master alloys prepared in examples 1-5 of this invention have stable compositions and low impurity content.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (4)

1. The aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 60.0 to 65.0 percent of molybdenum, the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy is prepared by taking high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars as raw materials;
the preparation method of the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out vacuum induction melting on high-purity aluminum and molybdenum bars to obtain an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt;
(2) refining the aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt to obtain aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid;
(3) cooling the aluminum-molybdenum alloy liquid to obtain the aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy;
in the step (1), the vacuum induction melting comprises the following specific operation steps: adding high-purity aluminum and molybdenum strips into a medium-frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, vacuumizing to be more than or equal to 40Pa, setting the initial power to be 40-45kW, adjusting the power to be 55-60kW after 4-6min, adjusting the power to be 68-72kW when the high-purity aluminum begins to melt, and obtaining an aluminum-molybdenum mixed melt after the high-purity aluminum and the molybdenum strips are completely melted;
in the step (2), the refining power is 78-82kW, the temperature is 1500-1650 ℃, and the time is 4-6 min;
in the step (3), the cooling time is more than or equal to 2.5 h.
2. An aluminum-molybdenum master alloy according to claim 1, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise, in mass percent: fe is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, O is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, H is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, V is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and W is less than or equal to 0.02 percent.
3. An Al-Mo master alloy according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the high purity Al is > 99.99%, and the purity of the Mo bar is > 99.95%.
4. The aluminum-molybdenum master alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the high-purity aluminum to the molybdenum strip is 1: (1.506-1.861).
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CN112647003B (en) * 2020-12-17 2022-05-20 立中四通轻合金集团股份有限公司 Aviation grade molybdenum-aluminum intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof
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Denomination of invention: An aluminum molybdenum master alloy and its preparation method

Effective date of registration: 20220620

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