CN110699592A - Preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome - Google Patents
Preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN110699592A CN110699592A CN201910938139.3A CN201910938139A CN110699592A CN 110699592 A CN110699592 A CN 110699592A CN 201910938139 A CN201910938139 A CN 201910938139A CN 110699592 A CN110699592 A CN 110699592A
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- ferrochrome
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome comprises the steps of crushing chromite to obtain ferrochrome mineral powder, fully mixing the ferrochrome mineral powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore, heating the obtained mixture in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into ferrochrome liquid for melting, cooling to room temperature, adding a ferrochrome refining agent for refining, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment after removing slag of the liquid ferroalloy which is qualified in smelting, and performing finishing operation after cooling to remove entrained slag; the method has the obvious advantages of simple process, material resource saving, environmental pollution load reduction and the like, has huge economic benefit, avoids resource waste, reduces working procedures, and greatly reduces the unit energy consumption for smelting the ferrochrome alloy so as to reduce the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation process of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy, and relates to the field of ferroalloy smelting.
Background
At present, in the production of iron alloy, the "controlled reduction method" is used to produce low-titanium high-carbon ferrochrome product used as raw material for smelting bearing steel, and it uses low-titanium chromium ore as raw material, uses coke as reducing agent, and adopts the selection of controlled reducing agent dosage and slag type in ore-smelting furnace to implement smelting production.
However, the technical process of the "controlled reduction method" for controlling the amount of the reducing agent has the following technical defects:
(1) the method can obviously reduce the main element chromium while controlling the dosage of the reducing agent to reduce the reduction of titanium in the raw material, so that the content of Cr2O3 in the slag is increased, and the production utilization recovery rate of chromium is reduced;
(2) and secondly, the smelting power consumption is higher and the production cost is high.
The production of high purity ferrochrome is generally achieved by melting of two metals. Because the metallic chromium is a terminal product in the chromium salt industry, the metallic chromium is obtained by roasting oxidation without calcium or with calcium and with little calcium and then processes of lengthy water immersion, reduction, calcination, aluminothermic reduction and the like, the production cost of the high-purity ferrochrome is very high, and the process is long and complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation process of the high-carbon ferrochrome alloy, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the preparation process has the obvious advantages of simple process, material resource saving and environmental pollution load reduction, has huge economic benefit, avoids resource waste, reduces working procedures, and greatly reduces the unit energy consumption for smelting ferrochrome alloy so as to reduce the production cost.
A preparation process of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: crushing chromite to obtain chromite powder, and then fully mixing the chromite powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore to obtain a mixed material;
(2) smelting: heating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp to melt the mixed material into ferrochrome liquid, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into the ferrochrome liquid to melt, then cooling to room temperature, and uniformly stirring for 10-15 minutes for later use;
(3) refining, namely adding a ferrochromium alloy refining agent for refining under the protection of argon, uniformly stirring, and then slagging off and degassing;
(4) tapping and casting: performing stokehole component analysis, performing slag removing operation on the smelted qualified liquid ferroalloy, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment, pouring molten iron into an ingot mold, cooling, and performing finishing operation to remove entrained slag to obtain the ferrochrome alloy product.
The reducing agent matrix in the step (1) is natural gas.
The heating temperature of the electric melting furnace in the step (2) is 750-850 ℃.
The refining temperature in the step (3) is 550-650 ℃ and the uniform stirring time is 35-45 minutes.
Has the advantages that: the method has the obvious advantages of simple and direct process, material resource saving, environmental pollution load reduction and the like, has great economic benefit, avoids resource waste, reduces working procedures, and greatly reduces the unit energy consumption for smelting the ferrochrome alloy so as to reduce the production cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples.
Example 1
A preparation process of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: crushing chromite to obtain chromite powder, and then fully mixing the chromite powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore to obtain a mixed material;
(2) smelting: heating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp to melt the mixed material into ferrochrome liquid, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into the ferrochrome liquid to melt, then cooling to room temperature, and uniformly stirring for 10-15 minutes for later use;
(3) refining, namely adding a ferrochromium alloy refining agent for refining under the protection of argon, uniformly stirring, and then slagging off and degassing;
(4) tapping and casting: performing stokehole component analysis, performing slag removing operation on the smelted qualified liquid ferroalloy, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment, pouring molten iron into an ingot mold, cooling, and performing finishing operation to remove entrained slag to obtain the ferrochrome alloy product.
Further, the reducing agent substrate in the step (1) is natural gas.
Further, the electric melting furnace in the step (2) is heated to 750 ℃.
Further, the refining temperature in the step (3) is 550 ℃ and the uniform stirring time is 35 minutes.
Example 2
(1) Preparing materials: crushing chromite to obtain chromite powder, and then fully mixing the chromite powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore to obtain a mixed material;
(2) smelting: heating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp to melt the mixed material into ferrochrome liquid, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into the ferrochrome liquid to melt, then cooling to room temperature, and uniformly stirring for 10-15 minutes for later use;
(3) refining, namely adding a ferrochromium alloy refining agent for refining under the protection of argon, uniformly stirring, and then slagging off and degassing;
(4) tapping and casting: performing stokehole component analysis, performing slag removing operation on the smelted qualified liquid ferroalloy, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment, pouring molten iron into an ingot mold, cooling, and performing finishing operation to remove entrained slag to obtain the ferrochrome alloy product.
Further, the reducing agent substrate in the step (1) is natural gas.
Further, the electric melting furnace in the step (2) is heated to 800 ℃.
Further, the refining temperature in the step (3) is 600 ℃ and the uniform stirring time is 40 minutes.
Example 3
(1) Preparing materials: crushing chromite to obtain chromite powder, and then fully mixing the chromite powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore to obtain a mixed material;
(2) smelting: heating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp to melt the mixed material into ferrochrome liquid, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into the ferrochrome liquid to melt, then cooling to room temperature, and uniformly stirring for 10-15 minutes for later use;
(3) refining, namely adding a ferrochromium alloy refining agent for refining under the protection of argon, uniformly stirring, and then slagging off and degassing;
(4) tapping and casting: performing stokehole component analysis, performing slag removing operation on the smelted qualified liquid ferroalloy, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment, pouring molten iron into an ingot mold, cooling, and performing finishing operation to remove entrained slag to obtain the ferrochrome alloy product.
Further, the reducing agent substrate in the step (1) is natural gas.
Further, the electric melting furnace in the step (2) is heated to 850 ℃.
Further, the refining temperature of the step (3) is 650 ℃ and the uniform stirring time is 45 minutes.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation process of a high-carbon ferrochrome alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: firstly, crushing chromite to obtain chromite powder, and then fully mixing the chromite powder with an oxidant, a reducing agent, a slagging agent and nickel oxide ore to obtain a mixed material;
(2) smelting: heating the mixed material obtained in the step (1) in an electric melting furnace by using a graphite crucible damp to melt the mixed material into ferrochrome liquid, sequentially adding metals such as silicon, manganese, copper, tin and the like into the ferrochrome liquid to melt, then cooling to room temperature, and uniformly stirring for 10-15 minutes for later use;
(3) refining: under the protection of argon, adding a ferrochrome refining agent for refining, uniformly stirring, and then slagging off and degassing;
(4) tapping and casting: performing stokehole component analysis, performing slag removing operation on the smelted qualified liquid ferroalloy, performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment, pouring molten iron into an ingot mold, cooling, and performing finishing operation to remove entrained slag to obtain the ferrochrome alloy product.
2. The process for preparing a high carbon ferrochrome alloy of claim 1, wherein: the reducing agent matrix in the step (1) is natural gas.
3. The process for preparing a high carbon ferrochrome alloy of claim 1, wherein: the heating temperature of the electric melting furnace in the step (2) is 750-850 ℃.
4. The process for preparing a high carbon ferrochrome alloy of claim 1, wherein: the refining temperature in the step (3) is 550-650 ℃ and the uniform stirring time is 35-45 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910938139.3A CN110699592A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910938139.3A CN110699592A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome |
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| CN110699592A true CN110699592A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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| CN201910938139.3A Withdrawn CN110699592A (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Preparation process of high-carbon ferrochrome |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113444884A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-28 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of micro-carbon ferrochrome |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113444884A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-28 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of micro-carbon ferrochrome |
| CN113444884B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-11-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of micro-carbon ferrochrome |
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Application publication date: 20200117 |