CN111944576A - Preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN111944576A CN111944576A CN202010863806.9A CN202010863806A CN111944576A CN 111944576 A CN111944576 A CN 111944576A CN 202010863806 A CN202010863806 A CN 202010863806A CN 111944576 A CN111944576 A CN 111944576A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal, which comprises the following steps: washing semen euryales shell with clear water, mechanically pulverizing, extracting with ultrasonic wave to obtain filtrate containing natural dye and residue, and extracting the residue for the second time; drying at high temperature, then grinding the filter residue powder by a dry method, and sieving by a 250-mesh sieve; adding an adhesive and graphene oxide, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine, and forming a bar to obtain a semi-finished product for later use; stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use; and (3) putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at the temperature of 600 ℃ under the condition of introducing air, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal. The machine-made charcoal prepared by the method has the advantages of heat value of more than 8000kcal/kg, low cost, obvious economic value, effective utilization of plant waste namely gordon euryale seed shells, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine-made charcoal, in particular to a preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal.
Background
The machine-made charcoal is also named as machine-made charcoal, firewood stick, artificial charcoal, regenerated charcoal and smokeless clean charcoal, the raw materials of the charcoal are wide in source, such as rice husk, peanut shell, cotton shell, corn cob, corn stalk, sorghum stalk and the like can be used as raw materials to produce the charcoal, and sawdust, wood shavings and bamboo shavings are the best. The machine-made charcoal is smokeless, tasteless and nontoxic, and has been widely used for household heating and food roasting; in the industrial field, the product can be used as an industrial raw material and can be further processed into active carbon and the like. The machine-made charcoal has high density, high heat value, no smoke, no smell, no pollution, no explosion and easy combustion, and is an internationally recognized green and environment-friendly product.
The method for preparing machine-made charcoal uses wood dust as raw material, and adopts the steps of drying the wood dust (sawdust) by means of drying furnace to obtain thousands of standard raw materials with proper humidity, cooling, feeding them into forming machine (stick-making machine), high-temp. high-pressure plasticizing treatment to obtain firewood stick (semi-finished product), then carbonizing treatment by means of carbonization furnace so as to obtain the invented product. The purpose of using the extrusion forming equipment is to form the raw material containing certain moisture so as to be beneficial to later carbonization or be directly used as a firewood fuel, so that the moisture content of the raw material and the composition of the raw material are determining factors for determining the extrusion temperature.
Gorgon fruit, also known as gorgon fruit and Nelumbo spinosa, is an annual aquatic herb of Gorgon euryale of Nymphaeaceae. Gorgon fruit root, stem, leaf and fruit can be used as the medicine. However, in general, a large amount of gorgon fruit shells are used as feed or discarded, which is extremely disadvantageous and pollutes the environment. A small amount of research reports about the utilization of the gorgon fruit shell, but the method mainly focuses on the field of dyes, extracts natural dyes from the gorgon fruit shell and applies the natural dyes to textile dyeing, and has very important significance for increasing natural dye varieties and chromatograms, improving the added value of textiles and building a conservation-oriented and environment-friendly society, but the utilization rate of the gorgon fruit shell is very low due to the extraction of the dyes. The invention provides a preparation method of machine-made charcoal taking wastes obtained after gordon euryale seed shell dye extraction as main raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal comprises the following steps:
a, washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue;
b, drying the secondary filter residue at the high temperature of 250 ℃ under 200-;
c, adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine to make a bar and form the bar; the heating temperature in the machine is 350-420 ℃, and a semi-finished product is obtained for later use;
d, stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use;
and E, putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at the temperature of 600 ℃ under the condition of introducing air, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal.
In the step C, the adhesive is phenolic resin.
In the step C, the mass ratio of the filter residue powder, the adhesive to the graphene oxide is 100: (3-8): (0.1-0.2).
In the step C, the temperature rise speed in the forming machine is 3-5 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 5-6 h.
In the step E, the temperature rise speed in the carbonization furnace is 1-2 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h; the air inlet amount is 1.5-2.5m3/kg of filter residue powder.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention discloses a preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal, which comprises the following steps: washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue; drying the secondary filter residue at high temperature to obtain filter residue powder with the water content of 6-10%, and then grinding the filter residue powder by a dry method and sieving the filter residue powder by a 250-mesh sieve; adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a rod-making forming machine to make a rod and form; the heating temperature in the machine is 350-420 ℃, and a semi-finished product is obtained for later use; stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use; and (3) putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at the temperature of 600 ℃ under the condition of introducing air, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal. The machine-made charcoal prepared by the method has the advantages of heat value of more than 8000kcal/kg, low cost, obvious economic value, effective utilization of plant waste namely gordon euryale seed shells, safety and environmental protection.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal comprises the following steps:
a, washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue;
b, drying the secondary filter residue at a high temperature of 240 ℃, wherein the water content of the obtained filter residue powder is 9.2%, and then carrying out dry grinding on the filter residue powder, and sieving the filter residue powder by a 250-mesh sieve;
c, adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine to make a bar and form the bar; heating temperature in the machine is 400 ℃, and obtaining a semi-finished product for later use;
d, stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use;
and E, putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at 520 ℃, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal.
In the step C, the adhesive is phenolic resin.
In the step C, the mass ratio of the filter residue powder, the adhesive to the graphene oxide is 100: 6: 0.15.
in the step C, the temperature rise speed in the forming machine is 3.5 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 5.2 h.
In the step E, the temperature rise speed in the carbonization furnace is 1.8 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2.8 h; the amount of air introduced was 2.2m3/kg of filter residue powder.
Example 2
A preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal comprises the following steps:
a, washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue;
b, drying the secondary filter residue at a high temperature of 250 ℃, wherein the water content of the obtained filter residue powder is 6%, and then carrying out dry grinding on the filter residue powder and sieving the filter residue powder with a 250-mesh sieve;
c, adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine to make a bar and form the bar; heating temperature in the machine is 420 ℃, and obtaining a semi-finished product for later use;
d, stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use;
and E, putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at 500 ℃, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal.
In the step C, the adhesive is phenolic resin.
In the step C, the mass ratio of the filter residue powder, the adhesive to the graphene oxide is 100: 8: 0.1.
in the step C, the temperature rise speed in the forming machine is 5 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 5 h.
In the step E, the temperature rise speed in the carbonization furnace is 2 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; the air inlet amount was 2.5m3/kg of filter residue powder.
Example 3
A preparation method of high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal comprises the following steps:
a, washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue;
b, drying the secondary filter residue at a high temperature of 200 ℃, wherein the water content of the obtained filter residue powder is 10%, then carrying out dry grinding on the filter residue powder, and sieving the filter residue powder with a 250-mesh sieve;
c, adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine to make a bar and form the bar; heating temperature in the machine is 350 ℃, and obtaining a semi-finished product for later use;
d, stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use;
and E, putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at 600 ℃, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal.
In the step C, the adhesive is phenolic resin.
In the step C, the mass ratio of the filter residue powder, the adhesive to the graphene oxide is 100: 3: 0.2.
in the step C, the temperature rise speed in the forming machine is 3 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 6 h.
In the step E, the temperature rise speed in the carbonization furnace is 1 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 3 h; the amount of air introduced was 1.5m3/kg of filter residue powder.
Comparative example 1
The graphene oxide in example 1 was removed, and the rest of the formulation and preparation method were unchanged.
The high calorific value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 was subjected to a performance test as follows to obtain the following test results; specific results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: results of performance tests of the machine-made charcoals prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1;
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Volatile matter% | 12.8 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 15.7 |
| Ash content% | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 13.5 |
| Fixed carbon content% | 83.1 | 82.7 | 82.5 | 63.1 |
| Calorific value kcal/kg | 8153 | 8095 | 8113 | 6884 |
The data are detected according to the national standard GB/T17664-1999.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the high-calorific-value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a, washing a gordon euryale seed shell raw material with clear water, naturally airing or airing at low temperature, mechanically crushing to 60 meshes, ultrasonically extracting crushed gordon euryale seed shell powder to obtain natural dye-containing filtrate and filter residue, and secondarily extracting the filter residue to obtain secondary filter residue;
b, drying the secondary filter residue at the high temperature of 250 ℃ under 200-;
c, adding an adhesive and graphene oxide into the dried filter residue powder, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed powder, and performing semi-finished product forming processing by a bar-making forming machine to make a bar and form the bar; the heating temperature in the machine is 350-420 ℃, and a semi-finished product is obtained for later use;
d, stacking and airing the obtained semi-finished products for later use;
and E, putting the dried semi-finished product into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing at the temperature of 600 ℃ under the condition of introducing air, and naturally cooling to obtain the machine-made charcoal.
2. The method for preparing charcoal with high calorific value, environmentally friendly, and as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is an organic binder in the step C.
3. The method for preparing a high calorific value environmentally friendly machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein the binder is a phenolic resin in the step C.
4. The preparation method of the high calorific value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the mass ratio of the filter residue powder, the binder and the graphene oxide is 100: (3-8): (0.1-0.2).
5. The method for preparing charcoal with high calorific value, environmental protection, and mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step C, the temperature rising speed in the forming machine is 3-5 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 5-6 h.
6. The preparation method of the high calorific value environment-friendly machine-made charcoal according to claim 1, wherein in the step E, the temperature rise speed in the carbonization furnace is 1-2 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h; the air inlet amount is 1.5-2.5m3/kg of filter residue powder.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3531106B2 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2004-05-24 | 岳之 志真 | Method for recycling carbonized and dried products obtained from industrial waste and method for treating used resources |
| CN101503642A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2009-08-12 | 安徽农业大学 | Plant source herb residual machine-made carbon and method of processing the same |
| CN101775234A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 江苏工业学院 | Method for extracting natural dye of gordon euryale seed shell and application in pure cotton dyeing |
| CN104263393A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-07 | 王宝根 | Production method for machine-made wood charcoals |
| CN104498126A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 胡洪梅 | Machine-made charcoal and preparation method thereof |
| CN105349212A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-02-24 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | Production method of machine-made charcoal |
| CN108753397A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-06 | 佛山腾鲤新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of making biological coal |
-
2020
- 2020-08-25 CN CN202010863806.9A patent/CN111944576A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3531106B2 (en) * | 2000-09-07 | 2004-05-24 | 岳之 志真 | Method for recycling carbonized and dried products obtained from industrial waste and method for treating used resources |
| CN101503642A (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2009-08-12 | 安徽农业大学 | Plant source herb residual machine-made carbon and method of processing the same |
| CN101775234A (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-07-14 | 江苏工业学院 | Method for extracting natural dye of gordon euryale seed shell and application in pure cotton dyeing |
| CN104263393A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-07 | 王宝根 | Production method for machine-made wood charcoals |
| CN104498126A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 胡洪梅 | Machine-made charcoal and preparation method thereof |
| CN105349212A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-02-24 | 和县伊迈炭业有限责任公司 | Production method of machine-made charcoal |
| CN108753397A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-06 | 佛山腾鲤新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of making biological coal |
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