CN111941686A - Waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding - Google Patents
Waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN111941686A CN111941686A CN202010581418.1A CN202010581418A CN111941686A CN 111941686 A CN111941686 A CN 111941686A CN 202010581418 A CN202010581418 A CN 202010581418A CN 111941686 A CN111941686 A CN 111941686A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0011—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0017—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with blow-moulding or thermoforming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/355—Conveyors for extruded articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/84—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
- B29C48/845—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding, which comprises the steps of collecting thermoplastic waste materials generated after the thermoplastic molding machine is processed and molded, and cleaning dust and impurities on the surface of the thermoplastic waste materials in a cleaning device; feeding the cleaned waste into a drying device, and drying by hot air to remove moisture on the surface of the waste; feeding the dried waste into a crushing device to be crushed into fragments; preheating and pressurizing are firstly carried out, further heating and stirring are carried out to enable the molten waste to reach a molten state, and then the molten waste is extruded; pressing the extruded molten waste into a sheet by a sheet extrusion forming device, and cooling and preserving heat; and feeding the heat-insulating formed sheet into a thermoforming machine for positive and negative pressure forming, and completing thermoplastic waste material circulation. The waste material generated after the thermoplastic forming is cleaned, dried, crushed, melted, extruded and molded and the like, so that the waste material becomes a raw material for circular feeding, and meanwhile, the cooling water and the cleaning water for the thermoplastic forming are collected and reused, and the whole process is environment-friendly and energy-saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoplastic molding processing, and particularly relates to a waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding.
Background
Thermoforming refers to a more specific plastic processing method for processing thermoplastic sheets into various articles. The sheet is clamped on the frame and heated to a softening state, and is tightly attached to the molded surface of the mold under the action of external force so as to obtain a shape similar to the molded surface. Cooling and shaping, and finishing to obtain the finished product.
On the market, there are more and more thermoplastic shaped products, such as cups, dishes, food trays, toys, helmets, as well as automotive parts, architectural decorations, chemical equipment, and the like. Compared with injection molding, the thermoplastic molding has the advantages of high production efficiency, less equipment investment, capability of manufacturing products with larger surface area and the like.
At present, in the thermoplastic forming process, the purchased plastic sheets are generally used as raw materials to be fed to the thermoplastic forming machine by manpower or machines, and the generated waste materials are collected and processed after the thermoplastic forming is finished.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a waste recycling process for thermoplastic molding, which is characterized in that waste generated after thermoplastic molding is cleaned, dried, crushed, melted, extruded and molded and the like to form a raw material circulation feed, and meanwhile, thermoplastic molding cooling water and cleaning water are collected and reused, so that the whole process is environment-friendly and energy-saving.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a scrap recycling process for thermoforming comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting waste materials generated after the thermoforming machine is used for processing and forming, and enabling the waste materials to enter a cleaning device to clean dust and impurities on the surface of the waste materials;
(2) feeding the cleaned waste into a drying device, and drying by hot air to remove moisture on the surface of the waste;
(3) feeding the dried waste into a crushing device, and crushing the waste into fragments by a crusher;
(4) feeding the crushed waste into a melting extrusion device, preheating and pressurizing, further heating and continuously stirring to enable the waste to reach a melting state, supplementing raw materials to a melting charging barrel in time to ensure the raw materials to be sufficient, and extruding the melting waste through an extruding screw;
(5) pressing the extruded molten waste into a sheet with a certain thickness by a sheet extrusion forming device, and cooling and insulating the pressed sheet to keep the temperature of the sheet at a processing temperature suitable for thermoforming;
(6) and (3) feeding the heat-insulating formed sheet into a forming part of a thermoforming machine for positive and negative pressure forming, and continuously returning the thermoplastic waste to the step (1) to finish waste recycling.
Preferably, the washing wastewater in the step (1) is collected into a total water tank for filtration and precipitation, and is used as cooling water in the step (5); and a first liquid level detection device is arranged in the main water tank and is used for detecting the water level in the main water tank in real time.
Preferably, the cleaning device in the step (1) comprises a cleaning chamber, and the cleaning chamber comprises a cleaning chamber shell, a first conveyor belt, a circular nozzle, a brush, a cleaning water pipe, a high-pressure nozzle, a bracket and a guide pipe; the drying device in the step (2) comprises a drying chamber, the drying chamber comprises a drying chamber shell, a second conveyor belt and a fan, the fan is composed of fan blades and heating wires, the cleaning chamber and the drying chamber are separated by a movable partition plate, and the first conveyor belt is connected with the second conveyor belt through a support.
Preferably, the crushing device in the step (3) comprises a crusher and a conveying roller way, the crusher is positioned above one side of the conveying roller way and is communicated with the conveying roller way, two crushing wheels which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the crusher, and the crushing wheels are driven by a first motor positioned outside the crusher; and an outlet is arranged on one side of the conveying roller way, which deviates from the crusher.
Preferably, the melt extrusion device in the step (4) comprises a conical preheating cylinder, a melting cylinder and an extrusion device; the upper end of the conical preheating cylinder is provided with an extrusion rod, the side surface of the conical preheating cylinder is provided with a feed inlet, the periphery of the conical preheating cylinder is uniformly distributed with first heaters, and a discharge outlet at the lower end of the conical preheating cylinder is communicated with the melting cylinder; the periphery and the bottom of the melting charging barrel are provided with second heaters, and the center of the melting charging barrel is rotatably provided with a stirring rod; the side wall of the melting charging barrel is provided with a second liquid level sensor for detecting the content of the melting waste in the melting charging barrel; the top of the melting charging barrel is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is used for supplementing the melting waste or adding a melting agent or a plasticizer; the extruding device is composed of an extruding cylinder, an extruding head and a second motor, wherein an extruding screw rod is arranged in the extruding cylinder, and the melting waste is pushed into the extruding head through the driving of the second motor and is extruded by the extruding head.
Preferably, a choke rod is arranged in the middle of the extrusion head, and the choke rod consists of a choke adjusting screw and a choke adjusting module; and the tail end of the extruding head is provided with a die opening adjusting device, and the die opening adjusting device consists of a die opening adjusting screw and a die opening adjusting block.
Preferably, the extrusion stem is also provided with a first heater therein for heating the scrap while extruding the scrap.
Preferably, the sheet extrusion molding device in the step (5) comprises a calendaring device and a cooling and heat-preserving device, the calendaring device comprises a first calendaring unit, a second calendaring unit and a traction device, the first calendaring unit and the second calendaring unit are respectively composed of two calenders which are symmetrically arranged up and down, each calender comprises two hot-pressing rollers and a driving wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a third motor to rotate, and the two hot-pressing rollers are arranged on two sides of the driving wheel in parallel and driven by the driving wheel to rotate along the same direction; a heating temperature adjusting device is arranged in the hot pressing roller, and a heating medium in the heating temperature adjusting device is one of steam, oil and electric heat; the calender is movably arranged on the rack through a screw, a nut is connected to the screw in a threaded manner, and the distance between the two calenders corresponding to each other up and down is controlled by driving the nut to rotate through a fourth motor so as to enable the screw to ascend and descend; the traction device comprises two traction rollers which are symmetrically arranged up and down, a pre-tightening spring is arranged at the joint of the traction rollers and the rack, and the pre-tightening spring enables pre-tightening force to exist between the traction rollers and the rack, so that the sheet is driven by the traction rollers to move along the direction of a third conveying belt in the cooling and heat-preserving device.
Preferably, a cooling water pipe, a temperature sensor and a controller are mounted on a third conveyor belt of the cooling and heat-preserving device in the step (5), and a control valve is mounted at an inlet of the cooling water pipe; the temperature sensor inputs the temperature of the sheet as a signal to be compared with the temperature set in the controller, and the opening of the valve port is output as the signal of the controller to control the flow rate of the cooling water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the waste material generated after the thermoplastic forming is subjected to cleaning, drying, crushing, melting, extrusion forming and other operations, so that the waste material becomes a raw material for circular feeding, meanwhile, the thermoplastic forming cooling water and the cleaning water are collected and recycled, the dust generated by crushing is recycled, and the whole process is environment-friendly and energy-saving.
2. The first liquid level detection device is arranged in the main water tank, the water level in the main water tank is detected in real time, and when the water level is lower, the water level is supplemented by the water pump in time.
3. The side wall of the melting charging barrel is provided with a second liquid level sensor which is used for detecting the content of the melting waste in the charging barrel, and when the liquid level is too low, an alarm is given out to remind workers to add raw materials; the melting barrel is provided with a feeding port at the top for supplementing the molten waste or for adding a melting agent or a plasticizer for sufficiently melting the molten waste or improving the performance of the sheet.
4. In the invention, the middle part of the extrusion head is provided with a flow blocking rod, the flow blocking rod consists of a flow blocking adjusting screw and a flow blocking adjusting module, and the flow rate of the plastic melt is adjusted by the flow blocking rod, so that the wall thickness uniformity of the sheet is improved; the tail end of the extrusion head is provided with a die orifice adjusting device, and the die orifice adjusting device consists of a die orifice adjusting screw and a die orifice adjusting block and is used for adjusting the thickness of the sheet.
5. The first heater is also arranged in the extrusion rod, and the waste material is heated while being extruded, so that the waste material is quickly softened and compressed, and the waste material is fully melted after entering the melting charging barrel.
6. The calender is movably arranged on the rack through a screw, the screw is in threaded connection with a nut, the distance between the calenders is controlled by driving the nut to rotate by a fourth motor so as to enable the screw to ascend and descend, and the distance is the thickness of a pressed sheet; and a pre-tightening spring is arranged at the joint of the traction roller and the rack, and the pre-tightening spring enables pre-tightening force to exist between the traction roller and the rack, so that the sheet is driven by the traction roller to move towards the direction of a third conveying belt in the cooling and heat-insulating device.
7. The temperature sensor of the invention inputs the temperature of the sheet as a signal to be compared with the temperature set in the controller, and outputs the opening of the valve port as the signal of the controller to control the flow rate of the cooling water, and the flow rate of the cooling water controls the temperature of the sheet at the processing temperature suitable for hot forming.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cleaning and drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a melt extrusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pressing and insulating apparatus according to this embodiment;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at B;
in the figure: 1. a cleaning chamber, 11, a cleaning chamber shell, 12, a first conveyor belt, 13, a cleaning water pipe, 14, a circular nozzle, 15, a high-pressure nozzle, 16, a brush, 17, a draft tube, 2, a drying chamber, 21, a drying chamber shell, 22, a second conveyor belt, 23, a fan, 24, a movable partition plate, 25, a bracket, 3, a crusher, 31, a crushing wheel, 32, a first motor, 4, a conveying roller way, 41, an outlet, 5, a conical preheating cylinder, 51, an extrusion rod, 52, a feed inlet, 53, a first heater, 54, a discharge outlet, 6, a melting material cylinder, 61, a second heater, 62, a stirring rod, 63, a second liquid level sensor, 64, a feed inlet, 7, an extrusion device, 71, an extrusion cylinder, 72, an extrusion head, 73, a second motor, 74, an extrusion screw, 75, a choke rod, 751, choke adjusting screw, 752, choke adjusting module, 76, a die orifice adjusting device, 761. a die orifice adjusting screw 762, a die orifice adjusting block 8, a calendaring device 81, a first calendaring unit 82, a second calendaring unit 83, a traction device 831, a traction roller 832, a pre-tightening spring 84, a calendaring machine 841, a hot-pressing roller 842, a driving wheel 85, a screw 86, a frame 87, a nut 9, a cooling and heat-insulating device 91, a third conveyor belt 92, a cooling water pipe 93, a temperature sensor 94 and a control valve.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
The waste recycling process for thermoplastic molding in the invention is based on a thermoplastic waste recycling system, which is shown in fig. 3-9 and comprises a cleaning device, a drying device, a crushing device, a melting extrusion device and a sheet extrusion molding device;
the cleaning device comprises a cleaning chamber 1, the cleaning chamber comprises a cleaning chamber shell 11, a first conveying belt 12 and a cleaning water pipe 13, the first conveying belt 12 is arranged inside the cleaning chamber shell 11, the cleaning water pipe 13 is arranged above the first conveying belt 12, the water inlet end of the cleaning water pipe extends out of the cleaning chamber shell 11, the water outlet end of the cleaning water pipe is respectively connected with a plurality of circular nozzles 14 and high-pressure nozzles 15, and a brush 16 is arranged between each circular nozzle 14 and each high-pressure nozzle 15; a flow guide pipe 17 is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning chamber shell 11 and used for guiding out waste water in the cleaning chamber for flushing the thermoplastic waste materials on the first conveyor belt 12;
the drying device comprises a drying chamber 2, the drying chamber comprises a drying chamber shell 21, a second conveyor belt 22 and a plurality of fans 23, each fan consists of a fan blade and a heating wire, the second conveyor belt 22 is arranged inside the drying chamber shell 21, and the fans 23 are uniformly arranged above the second conveyor belt 22 so as to dry the cleaned thermoplastic waste materials conveyed by the cleaning chamber 1; the cleaning chamber 1 and the drying chamber 2 are separated by a movable partition plate 24, and the first conveyor belt 12 is connected with the second conveyor belt 22 through a bracket 25; the movable partition 24 is positioned above the bracket 25, and the movable partition 24 moves in the vertical direction of the bracket 25.
The crushing device comprises a crusher 3 and a conveying roller way 4, the crusher 3 is positioned above one side of the conveying roller way 4 and is communicated with the conveying roller way 4, two crushing wheels 31 which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the crusher 3, the crushing wheels 31 are driven by a first motor 32 positioned outside the crusher, and an outlet 41 is arranged on one side of the conveying roller way 4, which is far away from the crusher 31;
the melting extrusion device comprises a conical preheating cylinder 5, a melting cylinder 6 and an extrusion device 7; the upper end of the conical preheating cylinder 5 is provided with an extrusion rod 51, the side surface is provided with a feeding hole 52, the periphery is uniformly distributed with first heaters 53, a discharging hole 54 at the lower end is communicated with the melting cylinder 6, and the extrusion rod 51 is also provided with the first heaters 53 for heating the thermoplastic waste while extruding the thermoplastic waste. The periphery and the bottom of the melting charging barrel 6 are provided with second heaters 61, and the center of the melting charging barrel 6 is rotatably provided with a stirring rod 62; the side wall of the melting charging barrel 6 is provided with a second liquid level sensor 63, the top of the melting charging barrel is provided with a charging hole 64, the bottom of the melting charging barrel is communicated with the extruding device 7, and the second liquid level sensor 63 is used for detecting the content of the melting waste in the melting charging barrel; the extruding device 7 comprises an extruding cylinder 71, an extruding head 72 and a second motor 73, an extruding screw 74 is arranged in the extruding cylinder 71, the extruding screw 74 is connected with the driving end of the second motor 73, the second motor 73 drives the extruding screw 74 to move in the extruding cylinder 71, and the extruding head 72 is arranged at the outlet of the extruding cylinder 71; the middle part of the extrusion head 72 is provided with a flow blocking rod 75, the flow blocking rod 75 consists of a flow blocking adjusting screw 751 and a flow blocking adjusting module 752, and the flow blocking adjusting screw 751 drives the flow blocking adjusting module 752 to move in the middle part of the extrusion head 72; the end of the extrusion head 72 is provided with a die orifice adjusting device 76, the die orifice adjusting device 76 is composed of a die orifice adjusting screw 761 and a die orifice adjusting block 762, and the die orifice adjusting screw 761 drives the die orifice adjusting block 762 to move at the end of the extrusion head 72.
The sheet extrusion device includes calendering device 8 and cooling heat preservation device 9, calendering device 8 includes first calendering unit 81, second calendering unit 82 and draw gear 83, first calendering unit 81 and second calendering unit 82 constitute by two calenders 84 of longitudinal symmetry installation, calender 84 includes two hot pressing rolls 841 and a action wheel 842, action wheel 842 is driven by the third motor and rotates, and two hot pressing rolls 841 parallel arrangement are in the both sides of action wheel 842 and are driven along same direction by action wheel 841 and rotate, be equipped with the heating attemperator in the hot pressing roll 841, heating medium among the heating attemperator is steam, one kind in oil and the electrothermal. The calender 84 is movably arranged on a frame 86 through a screw rod 85, the screw rod 85 is in threaded connection with a nut 87, the nut 87 is driven to rotate by a fourth motor so as to drive the screw rod 85 to move along the axial direction to control the distance between two calenders corresponding up and down, and therefore the thickness of a pressed sheet is adjusted; the traction device 83 comprises two traction rollers 831 which are symmetrically arranged up and down, a pre-tightening spring 832 is arranged at the connection part of the traction rollers 831 and the rack 86, and the pre-tightening spring 832 enables pre-tightening force to exist between the traction rollers 831 and the rack 86, so that the sheet is driven by the traction rollers to move towards the direction of a third conveyor belt in the cooling and heat-preserving device; the cooling and heat-preserving device 9 comprises a third conveyor belt 91, a cooling water pipe 92, a temperature sensor 93 and a controller, wherein the cooling water pipe 92 is arranged below the third conveyor belt 91, a control valve 94 is arranged at a water outlet of the cooling water pipe 92, and the temperature sensor 93 is arranged at the tail end of the third conveyor belt 91; the signal input and output ends of the temperature sensor 93 and the control valve 94 are electrically connected to the signal input and output ends of the controller, respectively. The draft tube 17 is communicated with a main water tank, a filtering device is arranged in the main water tank, and the cooling water tube 92 is connected with the water outlet end of the filtering device through a water pump. A first liquid level sensor is further arranged in the main water tank and used for detecting the water level in the main water tank in real time.
The system also comprises a thermoforming machine which is a positive and negative pressure thermoforming machine.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the process flow of the present invention is as follows:
(1) collecting thermoplastic waste materials generated after the thermoforming machine is processed and molded, and cleaning dust and impurities on the surface of the thermoplastic waste materials in a cleaning device;
(2) feeding the cleaned waste into a drying device, and drying by hot air to remove moisture on the surface of the waste;
(3) feeding the dried waste into a crushing device, and crushing the waste into fragments by a crusher;
(4) feeding the crushed waste into a melting extrusion device, preheating and pressurizing, further heating and continuously stirring to enable the waste to reach a melting state, supplementing raw materials to a melting charging barrel in time to ensure the raw materials to be sufficient, and extruding the melting waste through an extruding screw;
(5) pressing the extruded molten waste into a sheet with a certain thickness by a sheet extrusion forming device, and cooling and insulating the pressed sheet to keep the temperature of the sheet at a processing temperature suitable for thermoforming;
(6) and (3) feeding the heat-insulating formed sheet into a forming part of a thermoforming machine for positive and negative pressure forming, and continuously returning the thermoplastic waste to the step (1) to finish the circulation of the thermoplastic waste.
Claims (9)
1. A scrap recycling process for thermoforming comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting waste materials generated after the thermoforming machine is used for processing and forming, and enabling the waste materials to enter a cleaning device to clean dust and impurities on the surface of the waste materials;
(2) feeding the cleaned waste into a drying device, and drying by hot air to remove moisture on the surface of the waste;
(3) feeding the dried waste into a crushing device, and crushing the waste into fragments by a crusher;
(4) feeding the crushed waste into a melting extrusion device, preheating and pressurizing, further heating and continuously stirring to enable the waste to reach a melting state, supplementing raw materials to a melting charging barrel in time to ensure the raw materials to be sufficient, and extruding the melting waste through an extruding screw;
(5) pressing the extruded molten waste into a sheet with a certain thickness by a sheet extrusion forming device, and cooling and insulating the pressed sheet to keep the temperature of the sheet at a processing temperature suitable for thermoforming;
(6) and (3) feeding the heat-insulating formed sheet into a forming part of a thermoforming machine for positive and negative pressure forming, and continuously returning the thermoplastic waste to the step (1) to finish waste recycling.
2. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: collecting the cleaning wastewater in the step (1), and allowing the cleaning wastewater to enter a main water tank for filtration and precipitation to be used as cooling water in the step (5); and a first liquid level detection device is arranged in the main water tank and is used for detecting the water level in the main water tank in real time.
3. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cleaning device in the step (1) comprises a cleaning chamber, wherein the cleaning chamber comprises a cleaning chamber shell, a first conveyor belt, a circular spray head, a brush, a cleaning water pipe, a high-pressure spray head, a support and a guide pipe; the drying device in the step (2) comprises a drying chamber, the drying chamber comprises a drying chamber shell, a second conveyor belt and a fan, the fan is composed of fan blades and heating wires, the cleaning chamber and the drying chamber are separated by a movable partition plate, and the first conveyor belt is connected with the second conveyor belt through a support.
4. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the crushing device in the step (3) comprises a crusher and a conveying roller way, the crusher is positioned above one side of the conveying roller way and is communicated with the conveying roller way, two crushing wheels which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the crusher, and the crushing wheels are driven by a first motor positioned outside the crusher; and an outlet is arranged on one side of the conveying roller way, which deviates from the crusher.
5. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the melting extrusion device in the step (4) comprises a conical preheating cylinder, a melting cylinder and an extrusion device; the upper end of the conical preheating cylinder is provided with an extrusion rod, the side surface of the conical preheating cylinder is provided with a feed inlet, the periphery of the conical preheating cylinder is uniformly distributed with first heaters, and a discharge outlet at the lower end of the conical preheating cylinder is communicated with the melting cylinder; the periphery and the bottom of the melting charging barrel are provided with second heaters, and the center of the melting charging barrel is rotatably provided with a stirring rod; the side wall of the melting charging barrel is provided with a second liquid level sensor for detecting the content of the melting waste in the melting charging barrel; the top of the melting charging barrel is provided with a feed inlet, and the feed inlet is used for supplementing the melting waste or adding a melting agent or a plasticizer; the extruding device is composed of an extruding cylinder, an extruding head and a second motor, wherein an extruding screw rod is arranged in the extruding cylinder, and the melting waste is pushed into the extruding head through the driving of the second motor and is extruded by the extruding head.
6. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the middle part of the extrusion head is provided with a choke rod, and the choke rod consists of a choke adjusting screw and a choke adjusting module; and the tail end of the extruding head is provided with a die opening adjusting device, and the die opening adjusting device consists of a die opening adjusting screw and a die opening adjusting block.
7. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming, as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the extrusion rod is also provided with a first heater for heating the waste material while extruding the waste material.
8. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sheet extrusion molding device in the step (5) comprises a calendaring device and a cooling and heat-insulating device, the calendaring device comprises a first calendaring unit, a second calendaring unit and a traction device, the first calendaring unit and the second calendaring unit are respectively composed of two calendaring machines which are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom, each calendaring machine comprises two hot pressing rollers and a driving wheel, the driving wheel is driven by a third motor to rotate, and the two hot pressing rollers are arranged on two sides of the driving wheel in parallel and driven by the driving wheel to rotate along the same direction; a heating temperature adjusting device is arranged in the hot pressing roller, and a heating medium in the heating temperature adjusting device is one of steam, oil and electric heat; the calender is movably arranged on the rack through a screw, a nut is connected to the screw in a threaded manner, and the distance between the two calenders corresponding to each other up and down is controlled by driving the nut to rotate through a fourth motor so as to enable the screw to ascend and descend; the traction device comprises two traction rollers which are symmetrically arranged up and down, a pre-tightening spring is arranged at the joint of the traction rollers and the rack, and the pre-tightening spring enables pre-tightening force to exist between the traction rollers and the rack, so that the sheet is driven by the traction rollers to move towards the direction of a third conveyor belt in the cooling and heat-preserving device.
9. The scrap recycling process for thermoforming as claimed in claim 8, wherein: a cooling water pipe, a temperature sensor and a controller are arranged on a third conveyor belt of the cooling and heat-preserving device in the step (5), and a control valve is arranged at the inlet of the cooling water pipe; the temperature sensor inputs the temperature of the sheet as a signal to be compared with the temperature set in the controller, and the opening of the valve port is output as the signal of the controller to control the flow rate of the cooling water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010581418.1A CN111941686A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010581418.1A CN111941686A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Waste material circulation process for thermoplastic molding |
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| CN111941686A true CN111941686A (en) | 2020-11-17 |
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Application publication date: 20201117 |