CN111940481A - Contaminated site normal position gas thermal desorption repair system - Google Patents
Contaminated site normal position gas thermal desorption repair system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111940481A CN111940481A CN202010627460.2A CN202010627460A CN111940481A CN 111940481 A CN111940481 A CN 111940481A CN 202010627460 A CN202010627460 A CN 202010627460A CN 111940481 A CN111940481 A CN 111940481A
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- temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
- B09C1/065—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally by pyrolysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ gas thermal desorption repair system for a polluted site, which comprises a combustor, a heating well, an extraction well, a temperature data collection structure, a control system, a flue gas detection system and the like. The burner is connected with the heating well; the temperature data collection structure is characterized in that a plurality of temperature detection positions are arranged on the wall of the heating well to detect the temperature of soil near the heating well; the flue gas detection system is connected with the heating well flue gas outlet and is used for detecting flue gas components; the heating well flue gas and the extraction well extraction gas are sent into a tail gas treatment unit for treatment; the control system is connected with the temperature data collecting structure and the smoke detection system, and adjusts the air-fuel ratio of the burner according to the temperature in the heating well pipe and smoke components. But have automatic regulation thermal desorption combustor air-fuel ratio, energy utilization efficiency is high, maintains advantages such as place temperature equilibrium, has solved current normal position gas thermal desorption system and has had the energy utilization efficiency not high, the not strong scheduling problem of temperature control effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation and discloses an in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system for a polluted site.
Background
Organic pollution of field soil and groundwater is becoming more serious due to the aggravation of industrial pollution and the widespread use of agricultural chemicals. Typical organic contaminants in soil and groundwater include benzene series, organic halides, petroleum hydrocarbons, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and the like. The presence of these pollutants in soil and groundwater environments can have serious adverse effects on nearby human bodies and the surrounding environment, and therefore these contaminated soils and groundwater must be remediated by reasonable technical means to effectively control the human health and ecological environmental risks of the site.
The in-situ thermal desorption technology is an in-situ remediation process for an organic pollution site, which is characterized in that an underground pollution area is heated in situ, the temperature of soil and underground water is increased, organic pollutants are promoted to be dissolved and volatilized, and the organic pollutants are collected and captured and then are purified. Has the outstanding advantages of wide application range, good repairing effect, high speed, controllable secondary pollution, deep repairing and the like. The technical heating mode mainly comprises resistance type heating, steam/hot air direct injection heating and heat conduction heating, wherein the heat conduction heating can be divided into two modes of electric heating and gas heating. The fuel gas conduction heating technology uses natural gas or fuel oil as fuel to provide a heat source, heats a target treatment area through heat conduction, and forms negative pressure to extract underground steam through power control. The method has the outstanding characteristics of strong applicability, short engineering period, clean energy use and the like, has better market application prospect, and is a mainstream mode adopted in the in-situ heat removal technology.
However, the existing gas heating mode has the defects of low energy utilization efficiency, weak temperature control effect and extensive operation control. The system is not adjusted according to the actual repair condition in the repair process, and the uncertainty of the gas flow, the air flow and the proportion thereof causes the fluctuation of the temperature of the flue gas or the heat loss of a large amount of systems, thereby being not beneficial to the effect control and the energy conservation and environmental protection of the repair process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an in-situ gas thermal desorption repair system for a polluted site, aiming at the defect of low energy utilization efficiency of a burner of the existing in-situ thermal desorption equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: the in-situ gas thermal desorption restoration system for the polluted site comprises a burner and a heating well, wherein the burner is connected with the heating well and arranged at the upper end of the heating well, and a mixing chamber is arranged above the burner; the method is characterized in that a plurality of temperature detection positions are arranged on the wall of the heating well, and the temperature detection positions are provided with temperature data collection structures for detecting the soil temperature of the heating well; a smoke outlet is arranged above the heating well, and a smoke detection system is arranged at the smoke outlet and is used for detecting smoke components and concentration; the natural gas inlet of the mixing chamber is provided with the natural gas control valve, the air inlet is provided with the air control valve, the top of the mixing chamber is provided with the control system, the control system is connected with the temperature data collection structure, the smoke detection system detects the smoke, the air control valve is connected with the natural gas control valve, and the control system outputs signals to the natural gas control valve and the air control valve according to the soil temperature monitoring value and the smoke concentration of a smoke outlet through a PID control algorithm so as to adjust the flow rate and the air flow rate of the natural gas in the combustor in real time.
Furthermore, the temperature data collection structure adopts a thermocouple sensor to detect the soil temperature of the heating well, and the thermocouple sensor is a NiCr-Ni type K-type thermocouple.
Furthermore, the thermocouple sensors are arranged on the wall of the heating well at intervals of a certain distance, and the certain distance is 1.5-2.5 meters.
Further, the mixing chamber can strengthen the turbulent mixing of air and natural gas, promotes energy efficiency.
Furthermore, the flue gas detection system detects the oxygen content, the carbon monoxide content and the methane content in the flue gas, a sensor for detecting the oxygen content in the flue gas detection system is a zirconium oxide wide-threshold oxygen sensor, and a sensor for detecting the carbon monoxide content and the methane content in the flue gas detection system is a nondestructive infrared analyzer.
Further, the temperature set values of the heating well soils at different depths are determined according to the types and concentrations of the soil-polluted pollutants, the soil remediation process and the environmental conditions.
Furthermore, a plurality of heating wells are matched with one extraction well, the smoke outlets of the heating wells are connected with the outlet of the extraction well and are connected to the tail gas treatment unit, smoke with reduced temperature after soil heating is extracted from the smoke outlets connected with the heating wells and is sent to the tail gas treatment unit together with extraction gas of the extraction well with pollutants for treatment.
An air-fuel ratio adjusting method of an in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system for a contaminated site is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. real-time soil temperature T is obtained by detecting thermocouple sensors arranged at different depthstn(ii) a Real-time oxygen concentration C in flue gas measured by flue gas detection systemO2Carbon monoxide concentration CCOMethane concentration CCH4；
B. Detecting a certain heating well at thermocouple sensors arranged at different depths to obtain real-time soil temperature TtnAnd the set value T of the soil temperature at different depths in the restoration schemesnComparing, and converting to obtain the natural gas flow u at different depth positions of a certain heating well by the following formulan，
Wherein: e.g. of the typen＝Tsn-TtnNamely the deviation between the actually measured soil temperature and the set temperature at different depths of a certain heating well; kPn、TIn、TDnProportional gain, integral time constant and differential time constant of the PID controller, wherein tau is time, and n represents the temperature of a heating wellDifferent depth positions;
converting to obtain natural gas flow of the heating well at different depth positions, wherein the natural gas flow is u1、u2···unThe natural gas flow value u of a certain heating well can be obtained by comprehensive calculation,
C. according to the real-time oxygen concentration C in the flue gas obtained by the flue gas detection systemO2Carbon monoxide concentration CCOMethane concentration CCH4And concentration set value C'O2、C′CO、C′CH4Comparing, and respectively converting to obtain the natural gas flow v under the influence of different component concentrations in the flue gas by the following calculation formulan，
Wherein s is1＝C′O2-CO2，s2＝C′CO-CCO，s3＝C′CH4-CCH4，v1、v2、v3Respectively the natural gas flow under the influence of the concentrations of three different components of oxygen, carbon monoxide and methane;
the natural gas flow value v is obtained through comprehensive calculation,
respectively representing the influence degrees of different gases in the calculation of the natural gas flow;
D. comprehensively calculating a final natural gas flow value Q, wherein a + b is 1;
in the formula: a. b respectively represents the influence degree of the soil temperature and the smoke components in the calculation of the natural gas flow;
E. adjusting the opening degree of the natural gas control valve according to the calculated final natural gas flow value Q;
F. according to the desired air-fuel ratio of the burner being KqCalculating an air flow value Q from a final natural gas flow value Q of the burnerkBased on the calculated air flow value QkThe opening degree of the air control valve is adjusted.
The invention realizes the automatic air-fuel ratio adjustment work, maintains the field temperature balance and can improve the energy utilization efficiency.
Compared with the traditional in-situ thermal desorption system, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention achieves the work of automatically adjusting the air-fuel ratio, maintains the temperature balance of the field and can improve the energy utilization efficiency. The system has high automation degree, simultaneously fully considers energy conservation and consumption reduction and the safety and stability of system equipment, the heating temperature-flow regulating system compares the temperature measured by the thermocouple with the set temperature, the temperature of the specific depth of the specific heating well soil is stabilized at the set temperature by changing the air flow and the natural gas flow, the oxygen content, the carbon monoxide content and the methane content in the flue gas are reduced, the natural gas is promoted to be completely combusted, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a contaminated site in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system based on air-fuel ratio regulation.
Description of the reference numerals
1-burner
2-heating well
3-temperature data collection Structure
4-control system
5-flue gas detection system
6-Natural gas control valve
7-air control valve
8-extraction well
9-flue gas outlet
10-tail gas treatment unit
11-mixing chamber
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which reference is made to the following examples, and in which:
as shown in the figures, the in-situ gas thermal desorption repair system and the adjustment method for the polluted site based on air-fuel ratio adjustment disclosed by the embodiment comprise a burner 1, a heating well 2, an extraction well 8, a temperature data collection structure 3, a control system 4 and a flue gas detection system 5, wherein the extraction well 8 is matched with a plurality of heating wells 2, the burner 1 is arranged at an opening position at the upper end of the heating well 2, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the burner 1 enters the heating well 2 to heat soil.
Further preferably, in the present invention, the control system 4 is disposed at the top of the burner 1 and the mixing chamber 11, the mixing chamber is communicated with the air control valve 7 and the natural gas control valve 6, and the control system is in control connection with the air control valve and the natural gas control valve respectively. The natural gas control valve 6 and the air control valve 7 respectively regulate the flow rate and the air flow rate of natural gas, the natural gas and the air are mixed in the mixing chamber 11 and are combusted in the combustor to generate high-temperature flue gas, and the high-temperature flue gas flows through the heating well to heat soil through heat conduction.
The temperature data collection structure 3 adopts a thermocouple sensor to detect the soil temperature of the heating well 2.
The mixing chamber can strengthen the turbulent mixing of air and natural gas, promotes energy efficiency.
The flue gas detection system 5 detects the oxygen content, the carbon monoxide content and the methane content in the tail gas.
Further, the thermocouple sensor is a NiCr-Ni type K-type thermocouple, and one thermocouple is arranged every two meters on the wall of the heating well 2.
Further, a sensor for detecting the oxygen content in the tail gas in the flue gas detection system 5 is a zirconium oxide wide-threshold oxygen sensor, and a sensor for detecting the carbon monoxide content and the methane content is a nondestructive infrared analyzer.
Further, the temperature value detected by the temperature data collection structure 3 is transmitted to the control system 4, and can be controlled by a PID control algorithm according to the deviation between the heating well outlet temperature monitoring value and a set value, and control signals are output to the natural gas control valve 6 and the air control valve 7 so as to adjust the natural gas flow and the air flow in real time.
Further, the natural gas control valve 6 and the air control valve 7 adjust the opening degree of each valve according to the control signal of the control system 4, so as to adjust the flow rate of the natural gas and the flow rate of the air respectively, ensure the optimal flow rate and the air-fuel ratio of the natural gas in the heating process, improve the utilization rate of the natural gas and reduce the consumption of the natural gas.
Further, the content of oxygen, carbon monoxide and natural gas detected by the flue gas detection system 5 is transmitted to the control system, and can be controlled by a PID control algorithm according to the deviation between each gas content monitoring value and a set value, and control signals are output to the natural gas control valve 6 and the air control valve 7 so as to adjust the flow rate and the air flow rate of the natural gas in real time.
Further, in the flue gas detection system 5, the set value of the mass fraction of methane is 0.2% -0.4%, the set value of the oxygen is 0.2% -0.8%, and the set value of the carbon monoxide is 0.2% -0.3%.
Further, the temperature setting values of the heating wells 2 at different depths are determined according to the type and concentration of the soil-polluted pollutant, the soil remediation process and the environmental conditions.
Further, the real-time soil temperature T is obtained according to the detection of the thermocouple sensors arranged at different depths of the heating welltnAnd the set value T of the soil temperature at different depths in the restoration schemesnComparing, and converting to obtain the natural gas flow u at different depth positions of a certain heating well by the following formulan，
Wherein: e.g. of the typen＝Tsn-TtnI.e. deviation of measured soil temperature and set temperature at different depths of a certain heating wellA difference; kPn、TIn、TDnProportional gain, an integral time constant and a differential time constant of the PID controller are respectively, tau is time, and n represents different depth positions of a heating well;
converting to obtain natural gas flow of the heating well at different depth positions, wherein the natural gas flow is u1、u2···unThe natural gas flow value u of a certain heating well can be obtained by comprehensive calculation,
according to the real-time oxygen concentration C in the flue gas obtained by the flue gas detection systemO2Carbon monoxide concentration CCOMethane concentration CCH4And concentration set value C'O2、C′CO、C′CH4Comparing, and respectively converting to obtain the natural gas flow v under the influence of different component concentrations in the flue gas by the following calculation formulan，
Wherein s is1＝C′O2-CO2，s2＝C′CO-CCO，s3＝C′CH4-CCH4，v1、v2、v3Respectively the natural gas flow under the influence of the concentrations of three different components of oxygen, carbon monoxide and methane;
the natural gas flow value v is obtained through comprehensive calculation,
respectively representing the influence degrees of different gases in the calculation of the natural gas flow;
and the final natural gas flow value Q, Q ═ au + bv is comprehensively calculated, wherein a + b ═ 1,
in the formula: a. and b respectively represents the influence degree of the soil temperature and the smoke components in the calculation of the natural gas flow, and the influence degree can be selected from 0 to 1 according to parameters such as a heating period and the like.
Further, the desired air-fuel ratio of the burner is Kq(ii) a Adjusting the opening degree of a natural gas control valve according to the final natural gas flow value Q calculated by the control system; calculating an air flow value Q according to the expected air-fuel ratio Kq of the combustor and the final natural gas flow value Q of the combustorkBased on the calculated air flow value QkThe opening degree of the air control valve is adjusted.
Further, the flue gas with the reduced temperature after the soil is heated is extracted from a flue gas outlet 9 connected with the heating well, and is sent to a tail gas treatment unit 10 together with the extraction gas of the extraction well carrying the pollutants for treatment.
Claims (6)
1. The in-situ gas thermal desorption restoration system for the polluted site comprises a burner and a heating well, wherein the burner is connected with the heating well and arranged at the upper end of the heating well, and a mixing chamber is arranged above the burner; the method is characterized in that a plurality of temperature detection positions are arranged on the wall of the heating well, and the temperature detection positions are provided with temperature data collection structures for detecting the soil temperature of the heating well; a smoke outlet is arranged above the heating well, and a smoke detection system is arranged at the smoke outlet and is used for detecting smoke components and concentration; the natural gas inlet of the mixing chamber is provided with the natural gas control valve, the air inlet is provided with the air control valve, the top of the mixing chamber is provided with the control system, the control system is connected with the temperature data collection structure, the smoke detection system detects the smoke, the air control valve is connected with the natural gas control valve, and the control system outputs signals to the natural gas control valve and the air control valve according to the soil temperature monitoring value and the smoke concentration of a smoke outlet through a PID control algorithm so as to adjust the flow rate and the air flow rate of the natural gas in the combustor in real time.
2. The in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system for the contaminated site as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature data collection structure employs a thermocouple sensor to detect the temperature of the heated well soil; the thermocouple sensor is a NiCr-Ni type K-type thermocouple.
3. The in-situ gas thermal desorption repair system for the polluted site as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thermocouple sensors are arranged on the wall of the heating well at intervals of a certain distance, and the certain distance is 1.5-2.5 m.
4. The in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system of the contaminated site of claim 1, wherein the flue gas detection system detects oxygen content, carbon monoxide content, and methane content in the flue gas.
5. The in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system for the polluted site as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sensor for detecting the oxygen content in the flue gas detection system is a zirconium oxide wide-threshold oxygen sensor, and the sensor for detecting the carbon monoxide content and the methane content is a nondestructive infrared analyzer.
6. The in-situ gas thermal desorption remediation system for the contaminated site as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of heater wells are provided with an extraction well, a flue gas outlet of each heater well is connected with an outlet of the extraction well and connected to the tail gas treatment unit, and flue gas with reduced temperature after soil heating is extracted from the flue gas outlet connected with the heater wells and sent to the tail gas treatment unit together with extraction gas of the extraction well carrying contaminants for treatment.
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