CN111937619A

CN111937619A - Hand-push type tree trimmer

Info

Publication number: CN111937619A
Application number: CN202011003800.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-22
Filing date: 2020-09-22
Publication date: 2020-11-17

Abstract

The invention relates to a hand-push tree trimmer, which is mainly applied to the fields of narrow regions and garden operation and is a trimming mechanism for reducing the working pressure of workers under the condition of satisfying all directions of trimming. Under with single-row crossing roller slewing bearing and gear cooperation, the pruning of 360 degrees not co-altitude branches is accomplished with folding arm to the circular saw blade of high-speed rotation utilizing to cut fork elevation structure, utilizes pawl thin slice anchor clamps to carry the branch simultaneously after pruning the branch to it brings the injury to avoid the branch to fall down suddenly. The hand-push type walking device can work in a narrow area better, is safe and efficient, can realize semi-automatic trimming operation by combining with the work of the controller, and can transmit torque by using the slewing bearing with small force. The invention is designed to be simpler in structure and easier to operate under the processing of a semi-intelligent controller, and is more efficient and safer while finishing a pruning task.

Description

Hand-push type tree trimmer

Technical Field

The invention discloses pruning machine equipment, particularly relates to a hand-push type pruning machine, and performs structural design and analysis on the hand-push type pruning machine, is mainly used for pruning branches of garden trees in narrow regions to replace manual operation machinery, and belongs to the technical field of tree pruning mechanical equipment.

Background

At present, the types of tree pruning machines at home and abroad can be divided into low altitude and high altitude according to pruning height; according to the driving mode of the operating device of the trimmer, the trimmer can be divided into electric, oil-driven, manual and pneumatic modes, and according to the operating mode, the trimmer can be further divided into a handheld type, a vehicle-mounted type and an intelligent automatic mode. In the aspect of garden tree pruning, the garden tree pruning machine is earlier researched abroad, is more perfect compared with the domestic pruning machine whole machine mechanism, and has a more complete whole structure.

At present, the manual tree trimmer developed and manufactured in sweden and the usa substantially improves the common cutter fish head saw on the market, adds some auxiliary devices such as telescopic rod structure, and the operation of the manual tree trimmer is generally performed at the height of less than 6 meters. The advantages of the trimmer are simple manufacturing structure, good practical function, low cost, easy maintenance of equipment and low operation requirement. The pruning machine solves the problem of climbing trees, but after the problem of climbing trees is solved, the pruning machine has the defects of low working efficiency and overlarge clamping force on workpieces during working, so that an execution cutter is easy to damage.

The manufacturers of electric trimmers mainly include pinus, Alice (ARS), stele in sweden and germany. The power source for trimming machines developed by these manufacturers is basically gasoline powered and the hydraulic drive is basically used as the power source for the trimming machine driving chain saw. The electric trimmer can be up to 20 cm in trimming diameter and less than 6 m in trimming height. The advantages of the pruning machine are high tree pruning efficiency, small vibration frequency, stable working device during cutting and the like, and the obvious shortcomings are a series of problems of high manufacturing cost, complex machine maintenance, higher maintenance cost, higher technical requirements on operators and the like.

Because of the limited height of the manually trimmed branches, some leading companies have begun to develop applications of automated techniques in the field of trimming, and have achieved some significant results. The automatic tree trimmer for standing trees combines a password embedded digital technology and an anti-interference radio remote control technology. The structure of the tree climbing robot comprises a chain saw mechanism and a low-pressure tire tree climbing mechanism. During the tree climbing process of the automatic trimmer, a worker trims the tree through the remote control and wireless communication module. Because the automation system is adopted, the intelligent degree is high, the pruning effect is better, but because the machine is tightly attached to the tree in the tree climbing process, certain damage is caused to the bark and the branches of some mechanisms in the operation process. Meanwhile, the structure of the lower drawing can also show that the machine is suitable for climbing work vertically and vertically in the pruning process, has great requirements on the working environment, and is only suitable for straight-tube trees in terms of current research and development.

For China, the contact of China to the machines is less, the introduced knowledge and science and technology are not advanced abroad, so that the trimming machines in China are started later, and the trimming machines are gradually developed under various scientific researches in China, the number of types of the trimming machines is less, and most of the trimming machines are mainly handheld trimming machines.

In the current state of China, basic pruning machines are used in roads, gardens and landscapes, few automatic machines are used, and the aim of pruning is achieved by using small gasoline engines which are used as power sources of multifunctional pruning machines and tree and hedge pruning machines. The most common practice today is the backpack trimmer, which operates on the principle of a saw chain or circular saw blade driven by a shaft drive. The pruning machine has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and manufacture, high pruning efficiency, flat pruning branch surface, higher safety, low and easy maintenance cost and low operation requirement. Because the main rod of the pruning machine can be always held by the hand in the pruning process, the working rod has heavier weight and large vibration frequency and amplitude, the operation comfort of the arm is poor, and meanwhile, the noise of the power source and the actuating mechanism is higher in the working process, so that the noise pollution is easily caused, and the pruning machine is not suitable for long-term operation

The pneumatic pruning machine is also frequently selected to prune branches and hedges in China. The pneumatic pruning machine adopts pneumatics as the power supply, and this power is through utilizing some control valves to act on the cylinder to the transmission power, and power can utilize the hydraulic stem to drive the pruning cutter again and carry out the shearing branch and leaf. The maximum cutting diameter of the pneumatic cutting machine is substantially less than 15 cm. Sometimes the diameter of the trimming is not less than 15 cm, and the diameter of the trimming cutter is considered to be increased to reach the range of the trimming diameter, but the weight of the whole machine is increased. In addition, the power source cylinder is at the working process, and the mechanism can receive the cylinder to its reaction force, and reaction force makes a round trip to its effect many times and can make its complete machine vibrate and vibrations, and the multifrequency vibrations of working beam can let and feel uncomfortable and produce fatigue and feel, is not fit for long-time work and uses.

With the development and integration of various machines, vehicle-mounted pruning machines are gradually developed, the vehicle-mounted high branch pruning machine unloads a working device of a common folding arm high-altitude operation vehicle, an executing mechanism cutter and a hydraulic grabbing mechanism are additionally arranged on an upper arm head of the vehicle-mounted high branch pruning machine, and an operator controls a folding arm and a swing mechanism through a remote control box to realize work. The vehicle-mounted trimmer device is designed in an automobile type, and the automobile and the trimmer work separately and are connected through a transmission device for use. The device is steered or moved by the operator to a fixed position and then operated by the trimmer folding the arm. The vehicle-mounted high-branch pruner has higher pruning efficiency, low labor intensity, good reliability and safety for workers and the whole pruner, narrow application range, more suitability for gardening operation in gardens and great limitation in the case of operation in mountainous and hilly areas.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the present invention provides a device having a vehicle body, an unlimited angle swing mechanism, an execution pruning mechanism and a clamp locking mechanism, which is convenient for walking in a limited working area, and realizes an automatic, efficient and safe hand-push tree pruning machine. Aiming at the characteristics of the trimmer, the overall scheme and the structural component system of the trimmer are designed, and each mechanical component of the system, such as a driving device, an executing device and the like, is designed in detail, so that the structure layout and the stress of the trimmer are reasonable.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

1) a traveling device: because prune the branch in small-size gardens and in the woodland road, the too big work of moving between the shade of green of being not convenient for of vehicular volume, backpack though can work in the narrow and small place in space, nevertheless long-time handheld machine pole, the vibration that the work produced can bring the damage for the arm, and simultaneously, backpack trimmer working height is limited. Further, a hand-push type trimmer is selected, which can work in a narrow space and can work by mounting an actuator on a hand cart.

2) A hoisting mechanism: in the lifting device of the trimmer, the most widely used are the folding ratio and the telescopic arm. Therefore, for branches needing to be pruned at high positions, the design selects two schemes, namely a folding arm and a telescopic arm.

Because the folding arm type connecting structure similar to a joint is used, the structure is formed by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the motion can be completed faster; meanwhile, the folding arm can work in a narrow working environment. Just because the joint structure of the hydraulic cylinder that the folding arm adopted can better form the device of similar joint arm, because can add various auxiliary assembly at the tip of folding ratio, can better completion work. When the work is finished, the folding arms can be folded together after the work is finished for a certain height, and the occupied space ratio of the trimmer is relatively small. However, the folding arm is structurally more complicated than the telescopic arm, and therefore the overall cost of the folding arm is relatively high in consideration of price.

The telescopic arm is lifted and lowered by a wire rope or a hydraulic cylinder, and the working efficiency is relatively low. The telescopic arm has wider working radius due to the structural characteristics, and can work in relatively far places. The telescopic arm has larger deployment space required by the structure, but is looser in the whole structure, which is beneficial to the dispersion of the load borne by the whole vehicle body and the whole machine, and meanwhile, when the telescopic arm is arranged on the chassis, the gravity center of the telescopic arm is far away from the installation position, and is more beneficial to the dispersion of the load especially when the telescopic arm works.

For the lifting device on the pruning machine, the working head needs to work in narrow places during pruning, and meanwhile, for branches in all directions, the lifting device can conveniently rotate to complete pruning. Under the condition of meeting the requirement of finishing the pruning task, due to the uneven branches, the safety needs to be paid attention to in a narrow space. For the folding arm, a module can be made at the working head, and auxiliary equipment can be added to complete the work more efficiently. Therefore, the design selects the folding arm to finish the trimming work.

3) A slewing mechanism: for the design of the trimmer, certain requirements are imposed on the height and the steering angle, and a single-row crossed roller type slewing bearing can be adopted. The main advantages of the support are compact structure, light weight, small height and size, and the support can simultaneously bear axial and radial forces and composite torque and is suitable for the operation vehicles such as the trimmer and the like.

For transmission, how to transmit force to a slewing gear from a motor and a speed reducer is the most adopted type of gear transmission, worm transmission is less used, and chain transmission is only used under individual conditions. In the design process, a gear is selected for transmission, a transmission gear and a gear fixedly connected with a turntable support are open gears, external meshing is adopted, an external meshing gear ring is driven to rotate by rotation of a pinion, and the turntable is driven to move and finally the arm section is driven to work due to the fact that the external meshing gear ring is connected with the turntable through a bolt. The transmission gear plays an important role, power can be transmitted to the rotary table through the transmission gear, the B3 installation mode is adopted when the motor is selected, and for better power transmission, the gear is a conical gear, so that the required conditions during work are controlled.

4) Fixed branch mechanism: in order to prevent the excessively thin branches from shaking back and forth when the branches are trimmed, so that the branch trimming is affected, the structure of the inverted tooth thin steel sheet clamp is adopted. When the circular saw blade is close to the tree branch, the device is used as a clamp to fix the tree branch.

5) An execution work device: there are various implements, such as a fish head saw, chain saw, circular saw blade, etc. When the lifting device is lifted to a certain position, the work execution device module slides to a certain position under the pushing of the hydraulic cylinder, and trimming work is completed under the driving of high-speed rotation of the motor. The chain saw is driven by a motor or a starter to rotate at a high speed, and the width of the chain saw is relatively wide, so that after the branches are trimmed, the cuts can damage the branches to a certain degree, the chain saw needs a certain length to work, and the chain saw is inconvenient to work for the branches with uneven heights. For the circular saw blade, the thickness is relatively thin, the vibration is small under the high operation, the cut is smooth, the pruning efficiency is high, and meanwhile, the size of the circular saw blade is small, so that the pruning work can be better carried out in a small space. Therefore, the circular saw blade is driven by the motor on the execution working device.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hand-push type tree trimmer (reference numeral 1 in the figure: 1, a saw blade motor 2, a circular saw blade 3, a base turntable 4, a single-row crossed roller type slewing bearing 5, a scissor type lifting platform 6, a trolley 7, a bevel gear 8, a total power motor 9, a speed reducer 10, a lower arm joint 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12 and an upper arm joint);

FIG. 2 is an oblique view of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scissor lift configuration;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tool actuator (FIG. 4, reference numeral 1, saw motor 2, circular saw blade 3, upper arm segment 4, clamp);

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pawl slice clamp;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a slewing mechanism (reference numeral 1 in FIG. 6, a conical gear 2 and a single row crossed roller slewing bearing).

Detailed Description

The working principle is as follows: in the case of a tree trimmer, a work execution complete machine device is transported to a certain position by a vehicle-mounted walking device, a hand-push walking device, or the like. Because different trees and the positions of pruning are different, the heights are different, and the lifting device driven by the hydraulic cylinder lifts the working device to the position needing to be pruned. The top of the lifting device is provided with an executing cutter driven by a motor, and the motor rotates at a high speed to finish the trimming work.

A traveling device: a hand-push type; a hoisting mechanism: a folding arm; a slewing mechanism: a single-row crossed roller type slewing bearing is added outside; fixed branch mechanism: a pawl thin steel sheet clamp; an execution work device: a circular saw blade; scissor lift platform: a double hinged contact scissor structure.

In the design, branches at high positions need to be trimmed, and if the height needing to be trimmed is achieved only by folding the

arm sections

10 and 12, the branches are unstable, so that a hydraulic cylinder is adopted at the lower part in the design to drive a scissor lift (shown in figure 3) to complete auxiliary lifting at the lowest position and the highest position. Folding

arms

10 and 12 are hinged on the base turntable 3, lifting is completed through the action of a hydraulic cylinder, a single-row crossed roller type slewing bearing and a conical bevel gear (shown in figure 6) rotate for 360 degrees under the action of the base, and the trimmer can perform obstacle-free trimming on narrow and small garden roads. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the cutter executing mechanism (figure 4) can feed the branches in the lifting direction of the arm sections better and cut branches at high positions, the executing structure is designed to be capable of feeding in a sliding mode under the driving of a hydraulic cylinder. For branches which are too thin, when the circular saw blade is close to the branch, the branch is not easy to trim and cut off, and the branch is fixed by utilizing a pawl thin sheet clamp (figure 5) of a clamp fixing and locking mechanism in the process of sawing. Meanwhile, the weight of the whole mechanism is considered to be large, and the trolley is provided with the motor driving device so as to facilitate walking.

(walking device: hand-push type; lifting mechanism: folding arm; slewing mechanism: externally attached single-row crossed roller type slewing bearing; fixed branch mechanism: inverted tooth thin steel sheet clamp; executive working device: circular saw blade; scissor type lifting platform: double-hinge contact scissor type structure)

The hydraulic and motor controller in the scheme can specifically comprise a PLC controller serving as a central controller, a 51 single chip microcomputer or a processor of other types to realize semi-intelligent operation. For a specific rotation angle and orientation, manual control can be realized by arranging a remote or close control panel, namely, the trolley drives to walk, the height of the double-hinged contact scissor-fork type structure to lift, the rotation angle of the rotation mechanism, the feeding distance of the cutter executing mechanism and the like can be completed through the control panel. Since the controllers that can achieve the above functions are now more sophisticated technologies, they will not be further described here.

Claims

1. A hand-push type tree trimmer comprises a saw blade motor 1, a saw blade motor 2, a circular saw blade 3, a base turntable 4, a rotary bearing 5, a scissor type lifting platform 6, a trolley 7, a bevel gear 8, a total power motor 9, a speed reducer 10, a lower arm joint 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12 and an upper arm joint.

2. The hand propelled tree trimmer of claim 1, wherein: the lower part adopts a hydraulic cylinder to drive a scissor lift (figure 3) to complete auxiliary lifting at the lowest position and the highest position.

3. The hand propelled tree trimmer of claim 1, wherein: for the branches which are too thin, when the circular saw blade is close to, the branches are not easy to trim and cut off, the fixing of the branches is realized by utilizing a pawl sheet clamp (figure 5) of a clamp fixing and locking mechanism in the sawing process, and the pawl sheet clamp can clamp the branches and cannot be withdrawn easily.

4. The hand propelled tree trimmer of claim 1, wherein: the single row crossed roller type slewing bearing and the bevel gear (figure 6) have compact structure, light weight and small height size, can simultaneously bear axial force, radial force and composite moment, and can transmit torque with smaller force.