CN111934444B - Wireless charging protection system and method - Google Patents
Wireless charging protection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111934444B CN111934444B CN202010807410.2A CN202010807410A CN111934444B CN 111934444 B CN111934444 B CN 111934444B CN 202010807410 A CN202010807410 A CN 202010807410A CN 111934444 B CN111934444 B CN 111934444B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
Abstract
The invention provides a wireless charging protection system and a method, wherein the wireless charging protection system comprises: a transmitting end and a receiving end; the transmitting end includes: the system comprises a transmitting end power supply, a transmitting end induction coil and a transmitting end coil, wherein the transmitting end power supply, the transmitting end induction coil and the transmitting end coil are connected in series; the receiving end includes: the load, the receiving end inductance coil, the receiving end coil and the receiving end protection circuit, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end carry out electromagnetic mutual inductance through the transmitting end coil and the receiving end coil; the receiving end protection circuit includes: the load and the filter capacitor are respectively connected with the rectifying unit in parallel, and the first switching device is connected in series on a branch circuit where the load is located. The invention can cut off the output power to protect the load end from being damaged due to continuous uncontrolled energy input, thereby greatly reducing the withstand voltage requirement of the Cf capacitor due to the impact of the CF voltage. The current stress of the rectifier bridge is reduced, and the current stress of the mosfet and the diode is reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-power wireless charging, in particular to a wireless charging protection system and a wireless charging protection method.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, such as electromotion, intellectualization, networking and 5G industry, the wireless charging technology has become one of the hot spots in the automobile industry. However, when the wireless charging protection system has a large position offset between the vehicle-end coil and the ground coil, the safety and efficiency of charging are difficult to be guaranteed. Alignment of the wireless charging protection system can greatly affect user experience if it is very difficult to do so only by manual operation of a driver.
The vehicle-mounted end of the wireless charging system of the electric vehicle is equipment directly mounted at the vehicle end, and is directly connected with a power battery of the electric vehicle to perform energy transmission during working. The protection system of the vehicle-mounted end of the electric vehicle is a very important link in a wireless charging system all the time, and very good real-time performance and system safety are required. Currently, high protection requirements based on power battery charging generally require a direct shut-off of the existing output. However, the existing vehicle end protection system has the following defects: the Cf voltage impact is very large; 2. the current impact of the rectification power device is huge; 3. the output short-circuit protection cannot be normally protected. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a further solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless charging protection system and a wireless charging protection method, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a wireless charging protection system, comprising: a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the transmitting end includes: the transmitting terminal comprises a transmitting terminal power supply, a transmitting terminal inductance coil and a transmitting terminal coil, wherein the transmitting terminal power supply, the transmitting terminal inductance coil and the transmitting terminal coil are connected in series;
the receiving end includes: the load, the receiving end inductance coil, the receiving end coil and the receiving end protection circuit, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end carry out electromagnetic mutual inductance through the transmitting end coil and the receiving end coil;
the receiving end protection circuit includes: the load and the filter capacitor are respectively connected with the rectifying unit in parallel, and the first switching device is connected in series on a branch circuit where the load is located.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the transmitting terminal further includes: and the first transmitting end capacitor is connected in series between the transmitting end inductance coil and the transmitting end coil.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the transmitting terminal further includes: and one end of the second transmitting end capacitor is connected between the transmitting end induction coil and the first transmitting end capacitor, and the other end of the second transmitting end capacitor is connected between the transmitting end power supply and the transmitting end coil.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the receiving end further includes: a first receiver capacitor connected in series between the receiver inductor and the receiver coil.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the receiving end further includes: and one end of the second receiving end capacitor is connected between the receiving end inductance coil and the first receiving end capacitor, and the other end of the second receiving end capacitor is connected between the receiving end protection circuit and the receiving end coil.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the rectifying unit includes: the power supply comprises a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first rectifying diode and a second rectifying diode;
the first MOSFET is connected with the first rectifying diode in series and then connected with the second MOSFET and the second rectifying diode which are connected with each other in series in parallel.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the first switching device is a bus switch.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system, the receiving end protection circuit further includes a bleeder resistor and a second switch device, the load, the bleeder resistor and the filter capacitor are sequentially connected in parallel with the rectifying unit, and the bleeder resistor is connected in series with the second switch device.
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection system of the present invention, the second switching device is a bleeding loop control switch.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a wireless charging protection method, comprising:
turning off the first switching device after receiving a fault input signal;
speed of change according to duty cycle
Gradually increasing the duty ratio D of the rectifying unit to gradually reduce the voltage of the load to zero;
wherein:
N1＝Tp*f0；
As an improvement of the wireless charging protection method of the present invention, the wireless charging protection method further includes:
and after the voltage of the load gradually reaches zero, the energy of the filter capacitor is discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is realized by arranging the receiving end protection circuit, the output power is cut off to protect the load end from being damaged due to continuous uncontrolled energy input, and the withstand voltage requirement of the Cf capacitor can be greatly reduced by the impact of the CF voltage. The current stress of the rectifier bridge can be reduced, the current stress requirements of the mosfet and the diode are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the output open circuit and short circuit protection effect is good.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a wireless charging protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a receiving end protection circuit in an embodiment of a wireless charging protection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram illustrating the driving of the first and second MOSFETs Q5, Q6;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of a wireless charging protection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless charging protection system, which includes: a transmitting end and a receiving end.
The transmitting end is used as a primary side and comprises: transmitting terminal power supply 1 and transmitting terminal inductance coil Lf1And a transmitting end coil L1.
Wherein, the transmitting terminal power supply 1 and the transmitting terminal inductance coil Lf1In series with the transmitting side coil L1. In addition, the transmitting end further comprises: a first emitter capacitor C1 and a second emitter capacitor Cf1. The first transmitting end capacitor C1 is connected in series with the transmitting end inductance coil Lf1And a transmitting end coil L1. Second emitter capacitor Cf1An inductance coil L with one end connected to the transmitting endf1And a first transmitting terminal capacitor C1, and the other end is connected between the transmitting terminal power supply 1 and the transmitting terminal coil L1.
The receiving end is used as a secondary side and comprises: load 2, receiving end inductance coil Lf2A receiving end coil L2 and a receiving end protection circuit 3, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end carry out electromagnetic mutual inductance through the transmitting end coil L1 and the receiving end coil L2.
The receiving end protection circuit 3 is used for cutting off output power to protect the load end from being damaged due to continuous uncontrolled energy input. Specifically, the receiving-end protection circuit 3 includes: the load-type power supply comprises a rectifying unit 31, a filter capacitor 32 and a first switching device Q7, wherein a load 2 and the filter capacitor 32 are respectively connected with the rectifying unit 31 in parallel, and the first switching device Q7 is connected with a branch circuit where the load 2 is located in series.
In this way, the output energy can be stored in the form of a capacitor voltage by means of the energy storage effect of the filter capacitor 32. And before the capacitor voltage increases to the boundary of the range borne by the capacitor voltage, the duty ratio of the rectifying unit 31 is increased cycle by cycle, the output current is gradually reduced along with the increase of the duty ratio until no output current exists, and the withstand voltage requirement of the CF capacitor, which is reduced by the impact of the CF voltage, can be greatly reduced. The first switching device Q7 may be a bus switch.
In one embodiment, when the rectifying unit 31 is a rectifying bridge, the current stress of the rectifying bridge can be reduced, the current stress of the mosfet and the diode is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the output open circuit and short circuit are well protected. In the present embodiment, the rectifying unit 31 of the rectifying bridge type includes: the power supply comprises a first MOSFET Q5, a second MOSFET Q6, a first rectifying diode D1 and a second rectifying diode D2. The first MOSFET Q5 and the first rectifying diode D1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the second MOSFET Q6 and the second rectifying diode D2 which are connected in series.
In order to drain the energy of the filter capacitor 32 after the voltage of the load 2 gradually reaches zero, the receiving-end protection circuit 3 further includes a drain resistor Rs and a second switching device Q8, the load 2, the drain resistor Rs and the filter capacitor 32 are sequentially connected in parallel with the rectifying unit 31, and the drain resistor Rs is connected in series with the second switching device Q8. The second switching device Q8 may be a bleeder circuit control switch. Therefore, after no current is output, the bleeder circuit control switch is turned on to bleed off energy in the filter capacitor 32 through the bleeder resistor Rs, so that the protection of the whole system is realized.
In addition, the receiving end further includes: a first receiving terminal capacitor C2 and a second receiving terminal capacitor Cf2. Wherein the first receiving end capacitor C2 is connected in series with the receiving end inductance lineRing Lf2And the receiving-end coil L2. Second receiving end capacitor Cf2One end of the inductor is connected with the receiving endf2And a first receiving-end capacitor C2, and the other end is connected between the receiving-end protection circuit 3 and the receiving-end coil L2.
Based on the wireless charging protection system, the invention also provides a wireless charging protection method, which comprises the following steps:
after receiving the fault input signal, turning off the first switching device;
speed of change according to duty cycle
Gradually increasing the duty ratio D of the rectifying unit to gradually reduce the voltage of the load to zero;
wherein:
N1＝Tp*f0；
after the voltage of the load gradually reaches zero, the energy of the filter capacitor is discharged.
In an embodiment of the wireless charging protection method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2: the resonant topology satisfies the following condition:
the system output current I can be derived from the above resonance conditionLf2Inductive coil L only connected with receiving voltage and receiving terminalf2The relevant constant current output characteristics are as follows:
the relation expression of the output current and the duty ratio D of the first MOSFET Q5 and the second MOSFET Q6 is as follows:
under the charging of a capacitor under a certain current, the rising of the voltage outputs the relationship of the rising slope duty ratio of the voltage of the direct current filter capacitor:
from the slope relationship obtained above, and the difference between the maximum withstand voltage value Umax of the capacitor and the load voltage Ubat, the protection execution time Tp and the number of switching cycles N1 required to execute the protection logic can be obtained:
N1＝Tp*F0
knowing the time required to execute the protection logic and the number of cycles N1, the duty cycle change step size during each cycle execution can be calculated:
ILf2for flowing through the receiving end inductance coil Lf2Current of UABIs the equivalent fundamental wave voltage value output by the transmitting end power supply 1, M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, omega is the angular frequency of the transmitting end power supply 1, and Lf2As a receiving end inductance coil Lf2Resonant inductance of, Lf1Is a transmitting terminal inductance coil Lf1The resonant inductance of (2).
As shown in fig. 3, the timing of the driving of the first MOSFET Q5 and the second MOSFET Q6 is illustrated as follows: with ILf2The current zero crossing signal serves as an alignment starting point. The protection logic is executed to gradually increase the duty ratio D until the driving signals of the first MOSFET Q5 and the second MOSFET Q6 are fully pulled high.
Consists of:
at this time, the rectified equivalent output voltage Uab becomes 0, so the output power becomes 0.
Based on the above relationship derived from the variables, with reference to fig. 4, the wireless charging protection method of the present embodiment includes:
and S1, when a system fault occurs, the driving of the first switching device Q7 is cut off firstly, and the load 2 at the output end is protected from current and voltage impact.
S2, because the topological characteristic of the system can be known, the system is in constant current output, and the primary side voltage U is output at the momentABBecause the communication delay can not be responded immediately, UABDoes not change, ILf2Will remain the same and continue to output, energy will continue to charge the filter capacitor 32.
S3, gradually calculating the voltage Ucout of the filter capacitor 32 during the time period from turning off the first switching device Q7 to UmaxSpeed of change of output duty ratio
Gradually increasing the duty ratio to make UabThe decrease is gradual so that the output power Pab is also decreased until the power is completely reduced to 0.
Therefore, the situation that the duty ratio is immediately turned off when a fault occurs, and the inertia link has huge energy to generate huge current and voltage impact on the Cf2 capacitor, the mosfet and the diode can be avoided.
After the voltage of the load 2 gradually reaches zero at S4, the energy of the filter capacitor 32 is discharged.
After the output power is completely turned off, the filter capacitor 32 needs to be discharged to release the energy stored therein. The drive of Q8 needs to be turned on, and the energy of Cout is completely consumed through Rs.
In summary, the invention realizes that the load end is protected from being damaged due to continuous uncontrolled energy input by cutting off the output power by arranging the receiving end protection circuit, and the withstand voltage requirement of the CF capacitor can be greatly reduced by reducing the impact of the CF voltage. The current stress of the rectifier bridge can be reduced, the current stress requirements of the mosfet and the diode are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the output open circuit and short circuit protection effect is good.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A wireless charging protection method of a wireless charging protection system is characterized in that the wireless charging protection system comprises: a transmitting end and a receiving end;
the transmitting end includes: the transmitting terminal comprises a transmitting terminal power supply, a transmitting terminal inductance coil and a transmitting terminal coil, wherein the transmitting terminal power supply, the transmitting terminal inductance coil and the transmitting terminal coil are connected in series;
the receiving end includes: the load, the receiving end inductance coil, the receiving end coil and the receiving end protection circuit, wherein the transmitting end and the receiving end carry out electromagnetic mutual inductance through the transmitting end coil and the receiving end coil;
the receiving end protection circuit includes: the load and the filter capacitor are respectively connected with the rectifying unit in parallel, and the first switching device is connected in series on a branch circuit where the load is located;
the rectifying unit includes: the power supply comprises a first MOSFET, a second MOSFET, a first rectifying diode and a second rectifying diode;
the first MOSFET is connected with a first rectifier diode in series and then is connected with a second MOSFET and a second rectifier diode which are connected in series;
the wireless charging protection method comprises the following steps:
turning off the first switching device after receiving a fault input signal;
speed of change according to duty cycle
Gradually increasing the duty ratio D of the rectifying unit to gradually reduce the voltage of the load to zero;
wherein:
N1＝Tp*f0；
ILf2for the current flowing through the receiving-end inductor, UABIs the equivalent fundamental wave voltage value output by the power supply at the transmitting end, M is the mutual inductance between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, omega is the angular frequency of the power supply at the transmitting end, Lf2Is the resonance inductance of the receiving end inductance coil, Lf1A resonant inductor of the transmitting end inductor coil;
cout is an output direct current filter capacitor; ku is the relation of the climbing slope duty ratio of the voltage climbing output direct current filter capacitor under the charging of a certain current; tp is the guard execution time.
2. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting end further comprises: and the first transmitting end capacitor is connected in series between the transmitting end inductance coil and the transmitting end coil.
3. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 2, wherein the transmitting end further comprises: and one end of the second transmitting end capacitor is connected between the transmitting end induction coil and the first transmitting end capacitor, and the other end of the second transmitting end capacitor is connected between the transmitting end power supply and the transmitting end coil.
4. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 1, wherein the receiving end further includes: a first receiver capacitor connected in series between the receiver inductor and the receiver coil.
5. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 4, wherein the receiving end further comprises: and one end of the second receiving end capacitor is connected between the receiving end inductance coil and the first receiving end capacitor, and the other end of the second receiving end capacitor is connected between the receiving end protection circuit and the receiving end coil.
6. The wireless charging protection method of claim 1, wherein the first switching device is a bus switch.
7. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 1, wherein the receiving end protection circuit further includes a bleeder resistor and a second switching device, the load, the bleeder resistor and the filter capacitor are sequentially connected in parallel with the rectifying unit, and the bleeder resistor is connected in series with the second switching device.
8. The wireless charging protection method of claim 7, wherein the second switch device is a bleeding loop control switch.
9. The wireless charging protection method of the wireless charging protection system according to claim 1, further comprising:
and after the voltage of the load gradually reaches zero, the energy of the filter capacitor is discharged.
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| CN113285519A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-20 | 北京城建智控科技有限公司 | High-reliability power supply circuit topology with redundancy design |
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