CN113212215A - Direct-current charging pile, charging control method and charging station - Google Patents

Direct-current charging pile, charging control method and charging station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113212215A
CN113212215A CN202110698765.7A CN202110698765A CN113212215A CN 113212215 A CN113212215 A CN 113212215A CN 202110698765 A CN202110698765 A CN 202110698765A CN 113212215 A CN113212215 A CN 113212215A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
charging
voltage
conversion circuit
power conversion
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Pending
Application number
CN202110698765.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许林冲
阳岳丰
陈鑫
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110698765.7A priority Critical patent/CN113212215A/en
Publication of CN113212215A publication Critical patent/CN113212215A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a direct current charging pile, a charging control method and a charging station, which are applied to the technical field of direct current charging, wherein the charging pile comprises an alternating current distribution circuit, at least one power conversion branch circuit, a power distribution circuit and at least one charging gun, the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit is respectively connected with the input end of each power conversion branch circuit, the output end of each power conversion branch circuit is connected with the input end of the power distribution circuit, and the output end of the power distribution circuit is connected with each charging gun. Through the redundant setting of controllable switch, can reduce the probability that fills whole inefficacy of electric pile, improve the reliability.

Description

Direct-current charging pile, charging control method and charging station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of direct current charging, in particular to a direct current charging pile, a charging control method and a charging station.
Background
The direct current fills electric pile is the direct current charging equipment that new energy automobile is widely used at present, in order to guarantee that new energy automobile can convenient, swift completion charges, and the reliability that the direct current fills electric pile seems especially important.
In the prior art, a breaking switch is arranged in the direct current charging pile, and the direct current charging pile is connected with an alternating current power grid through the breaking switch. Under the condition that the breaking switch is closed, the direct current charging pile charges the charging vehicle, correspondingly, after the charging vehicle is charged, the breaking switch is disconnected, and then the connection between the direct current charging pile and the alternating current power grid can be disconnected.
However, with the popularization of new energy vehicles, the frequency of use of the direct current charging pile is higher and higher, and the use of the high frequency easily causes the adhesion fault of the disconnecting switch, the direct current charging pile can not be normally disconnected from the alternating current power grid, the whole direct current charging pile is caused to lose efficacy, and the reliability of the direct current charging pile is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct current charging pile, a charging control method and a charging station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a dc charging pile, including: an alternating current distribution circuit, at least one power conversion branch circuit, a power distribution circuit and at least one charging gun, wherein,
the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit is respectively connected with the input end of each power conversion branch circuit;
the output end of each power conversion branch circuit is connected with the input end of the power distribution circuit;
the output end of the power distribution circuit is connected with each charging gun;
a first controllable switch is arranged in the power conversion branch circuit, and a second controllable switch is arranged in the alternating current distribution circuit.
Optionally, the power conversion branch includes: auxiliary switching circuit and power conversion circuit, in which,
the auxiliary switching circuit comprises the first controllable switch and a first driving circuit, wherein,
the input end of the first controllable switch is used as the input end of the power conversion branch circuit, and the output end of the first controllable switch is connected with the input end of the power conversion circuit;
the output end of the power conversion circuit is used as the output end of the power conversion branch circuit;
the first driving circuit is connected with the control end of the first controllable switch.
Optionally, the power conversion circuit includes: a rectifier and a DC/DC conversion circuit, wherein,
the alternating current input end of the rectifier is used as the input end of the power conversion circuit, and the direct current output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is used as an output end of the power conversion branch circuit;
and the second output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with a charging interface of a vehicle-mounted BMS integrated in the charging gun.
Optionally, the DC/DC conversion circuit includes: a basic type isolation DC/DC converter and at least one extended type isolation DC/DC converter, wherein,
the input ends of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and each extended isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as the input ends of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and an output end of each expansion isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a second output terminal of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter is used as a second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output terminal of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and output terminals of the extended isolation DC/DC converters output charging voltages;
and the second output end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter outputs the working voltage of the vehicle BMS.
Optionally, the basic isolation DC/DC converter includes: a primary side power conversion circuit, a secondary side high voltage power conversion circuit, a secondary side low voltage power conversion circuit and an isolation transformer, wherein,
the input end of the primary side power conversion circuit is used as the input end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter;
the output end of the primary side power conversion circuit is connected with the primary side winding of the isolation transformer;
the secondary high-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit;
the output end of the secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit is used as a first output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter;
the secondary low-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit;
and the output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit is used as a second output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter.
Optionally, the primary power conversion circuit includes one of a single-phase full-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase half-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase staggered half-bridge conversion circuit, a T-type three-level conversion circuit, an INPC three-level conversion circuit, and a five-level diode clamp conversion circuit.
Optionally, the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit includes an uncontrolled high-voltage conversion circuit or a controllable high-voltage conversion circuit.
Optionally, the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit includes an uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit and a voltage reduction circuit, wherein,
the input end of the uncontrolled low-voltage converting circuit is used as the input end of the secondary low-voltage power converting circuit, and the output end of the uncontrolled low-voltage converting circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage reducing circuit;
and the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is used as the output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit.
Optionally, the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit includes a controllable low-voltage conversion circuit.
Optionally, the secondary high-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected to the input end of the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit through a first decoupling capacitor;
and a secondary low-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit through a second decoupling capacitor.
Optionally, the DC/DC conversion circuit includes: a low voltage isolation DC/DC converter and at least one high voltage isolation DC/DC converter, wherein,
the input ends of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter and each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as the input ends of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter is respectively used as a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter is used as a second output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter outputs charging voltage;
and the output end of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter outputs the working voltage of the vehicle-mounted BMS.
Optionally, the rectifier includes one of a two-level PWM rectifier, an I-type three-level PWM rectifier, a T-type three-level PWM rectifier, an ANPC three-level PWM rectifier, a flying capacitor type PWM rectifier, a five-level diode clamp PWM rectifier, a T-type VIENNA rectifier, an I-type VIENNA rectifier, and a diode rectifier.
Optionally, the auxiliary switching circuit further includes: a first EMC filter circuit, wherein,
the first EMC filter circuit is connected in series between the output of the first controllable switch and the input of the power conversion circuit.
Optionally, the ac power distribution circuit includes: a circuit breaker, a main switching circuit and a second EMC filter circuit, wherein,
the main switching circuit comprises a second driving circuit and the second controllable switch;
the input end of the circuit breaker is used as the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit, and the output end of the circuit breaker is connected with the input end of the second controllable switch;
the output end of the second controllable switch is connected with the input end of the second EMC filter circuit;
the output end of the second EMC filter circuit is used as the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit;
the second driving circuit is connected with the control end of the second controllable switch.
Optionally, the dc charging pile provided in the first aspect of the present invention further includes: a control circuit, wherein,
the control circuit is respectively connected with the alternating current distribution circuit, the auxiliary switching circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power distribution circuit and the charging gun;
the control circuit is used for controlling the charging process of the direct current charging pile.
Optionally, the control circuit includes: a main controller, at least one power conversion controller, at least one charging gun controller, and a communication bus, wherein,
the main controller is respectively connected with the alternating current distribution circuit and the power distribution circuit;
the main controller is respectively in communication connection with each power conversion controller and each charging gun controller through the communication bus;
the power converter is connected with the power conversion circuit;
and the charging gun controller is respectively connected with the auxiliary switching circuit and the charging gun.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a charging control method applied to the dc charging pile according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention, including:
under the condition that a charging gun is connected with a charging vehicle, controlling the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch to be disconnected;
judging whether the voltage at two sides of the second controllable switch is greater than a first voltage threshold value or not;
if the voltages on the two sides of the second controllable switch are greater than the first voltage threshold, controlling the second controllable switch to be closed, and judging whether the voltages on the two sides of each first controllable switch are greater than a second voltage threshold;
and if the voltages at the two sides of each first controllable switch are greater than the second voltage threshold value, controlling the direct current charging pile to charge the charging vehicle.
Optionally, the dc charging pile includes a charging gun controller, and the charging gun controller is connected to the first controllable switch;
a process for controlling the opening of any of said first controllable switches, comprising:
sending a disconnection instruction to a charging gun controller corresponding to the first controllable switch, wherein the disconnection instruction is used for controlling the charging gun controller to disconnect the first controllable switch;
if the confirmation information is not received within the preset time length, repeatedly sending the disconnection instruction to the charging gun controller until the confirmation information is received or a preset exit condition is reached;
wherein the confirmation information characterizes the charging gun controller receiving the disconnection command.
Optionally, the controlling the dc charging pile charges the charging vehicle, including:
controlling the second controllable switch to be switched off;
controlling a target first controllable switch to close, wherein the target first controllable switch comprises a first controllable switch in a power conversion branch that charges the charging vehicle;
and controlling the second controllable switch to be closed to charge the charging vehicle.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a charging station comprising: a transformer and at least one dc charging post according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention, which performs the charging control method according to any one of the second aspect of the present invention,
the primary side of the transformer is connected with an alternating current power grid;
and the secondary side of the transformer is respectively connected with each direct current charging pile.
The invention provides a direct current charging pile, which comprises an alternating current distribution circuit, at least one power conversion branch circuit, a power distribution circuit and at least one charging gun, wherein the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit is respectively connected with the input end of each power conversion branch circuit, the output end of each power conversion branch circuit is connected with the input end of the power distribution circuit, and the output end of the power distribution circuit is connected with each charging gun. The connection between the direct current charging pile and the alternating current power grid can still be disconnected through the other controllable switch, and compared with the prior art, the method and the device can reduce the probability of the overall failure of the direct current charging pile and improve the reliability of the charging pile through the redundant arrangement of the controllable switch.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a dc charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power conversion branch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an ac power distribution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a DC/DC converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a topology diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a topology diagram of another power conversion circuit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a topology diagram of a further power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a topology diagram of another power conversion circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of another power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of another dc charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of another dc charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart of a charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flowchart of another charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a dc charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the dc charging pile includes: an ac distribution circuit 10, at least one power conversion branch 20, a power distribution circuit 30, and at least one charging gun 40, wherein,
an input end (shown as Vin _ A, Vin _ B, Vin _ C) of the ac distribution circuit 10 is connected to an ac power grid to receive ac power supplied from the ac power grid, and an output end of the ac distribution circuit 10 is connected to an input end of each power conversion branch 20. The ac power distribution circuit 10 is mainly used to transmit ac power provided by an ac power grid to a subsequent stage circuit, i.e., each power conversion branch 20. More importantly, the ac power distribution circuit 10 provided in this embodiment is provided with a second controllable switch (not shown in the drawings), through which the electrical connection between the subsequent stage of the ac power distribution circuit 10 and the ac power grid can be disconnected or connected.
The output of each power conversion branch 20 is connected to an input of a power distribution circuit 30. As can be seen from fig. 1, the power conversion branches 20 belong to a single-input and multi-output circuit structure, and when the charging pile includes multiple power conversion branches 20, the input end of each power conversion branch 20 is connected in parallel to the output end of the ac power distribution circuit 10. The power conversion branch circuit 20 is mainly used for converting ac power into dc power and outputting the dc power to the subsequent power distribution circuit 30. The specific structure of the power conversion branch 20, as well as other functions, will not be described in detail here, and will be developed later.
Further, the output terminal of the power distribution circuit 30 is connected to each charging gun 40, and when a charging vehicle is connected to the charging gun 40, the charging vehicle is charged by the charging gun 40. Optionally, in combination with the structure of the power distribution circuit in the prior art, the power distribution circuit 30 belongs to a multi-input and multi-output circuit structure, in practical application, one input end of the power distribution circuit 30 is correspondingly connected to one output end of the power conversion branch 20, and the output ends of the power conversion branches 20 connected to the input ends of the power distribution circuits 30 are different from each other.
The output terminals of the power distribution circuit 30 correspond to the charging guns 40 one by one, that is, one output terminal of the power distribution circuit is connected to one charging gun 40, and the output terminals connected to the charging guns 40 are different from each other.
Similar to the ac power distribution circuit 10, the power conversion branch 20 provided in this embodiment is provided with a first controllable switch (not shown in the figure), and the connection state between the power conversion branch 20 and each circuit at the rear stage thereof and the ac power grid can be controlled by the first controllable switch.
Based on the basic structure of the direct current charging pile, under the condition that the second controllable switch in the alternating current distribution circuit 10 and the first controllable switch in the power conversion branch circuit 20 are both closed, the charging pile can normally receive the alternating current power of an alternating current power grid, correspondingly, if after the charging process is finished, the adhesion fault occurs on one of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, the electrical connection between the direct current charging pile and the alternating current power grid can be still disconnected through the other normal controllable switch, and the smooth charging process is ensured to be finished.
In summary, in the dc charging pile provided by the present invention, the controllable switch for breaking the connection relationship with the ac power grid is provided with redundancy, and if any one of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch has an adhesion fault, the connection between the dc charging pile and the ac power grid can still be disconnected by the other controllable switch.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power conversion branch circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, this embodiment shows an optional configuration of the power conversion branch circuit. The power conversion branch may include: an auxiliary switching circuit 201 and a power conversion circuit 202.
Optionally, the auxiliary switching circuit 201 includes a first driving circuit 2011 and a first controllable switch 2012. Wherein the first controllable switch 2012Input terminals (shown in FIG. 2 as KM2-1, KM2-2, KM2-3 as first controllable switches, VM_A、VM_B、VMC shows the corresponding input) as an input of the power conversion branch, and the output of the first controllable switch 2012 is connected to an input of the power conversion circuit 202.
Further, the auxiliary switching circuit 201 provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 further includes a first EMC filter circuit 2013, in this case, the first EMC filter circuit 2013 is connected in series between the output terminal of the first controllable switch 2012 and the input terminal of the power conversion circuit 202, and the output terminal of the first EMC filter circuit 2013 (shown by V in the figure)MO_A、VMO_B、VMODenoted C) as output of the auxiliary switching circuit 201, to the power conversion circuit 202.
Accordingly, the output terminal of the power conversion circuit 202 is connected to the power distribution circuit of the subsequent stage as the output terminal of the power conversion branch circuit.
The first driving circuit 2011 is connected to a control terminal of the first controllable switch 2012, and the first driving circuit 2011 controls a connection state of the first controllable switch 2012 according to the received driving signal.
Optionally, the first controllable switch may select a three-phase ac contactor, may also be a combination of three single-phase ac contactors, may also be a combination of three relays, and may also be a combination of three relays and a composite switch in which the MOS transistor/IGBT is connected in parallel. Of course, other implementations that can implement the above-mentioned first controllable switch function also belong to the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the core idea of the present invention.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of a structure of an ac power distribution circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the ac power distribution circuit provided in this embodiment includes: a circuit breaker 101, a main switching circuit 102 and a second EMC filter circuit 103, wherein,
the main switching circuit 102 includes a second driving circuit 1021 and a second controllable switch 1022 (shown as KM1-1, KM1-2, and KM1-3 in the figures) according to the foregoing embodiments, where the second driving circuit 1021 is connected to a control terminal of the second controllable switch 1022, and the second driving circuit 1021 is configured to control a connection state of the second controllable switch 1022 according to a received driving signal.
Further, an input terminal of the circuit breaker 101 is connected to the ac power grid as an input terminal of the ac power distribution circuit, an output terminal of the circuit breaker 101 is connected to an input terminal of the second controllable switch 1022, an output terminal of the second controllable switch 1022 is connected to an input terminal of the second EMC filter circuit 103, and finally, an output terminal of the second EMC filter circuit 103 is connected to the power conversion branch circuit as an output terminal of the ac power distribution circuit as described in the foregoing embodiments.
Optionally, the second controllable switch may select a three-phase ac contactor, may also be a combination of three single-phase ac contactors, may also be a combination of three relays, and may also be a combination of three relays and a composite switch in which the MOS transistor/IGBT is connected in parallel. Of course, other implementations that can implement the above-mentioned second controllable switch function are also within the scope of protection of the present invention without departing from the scope of the core idea of the present invention.
In the prior art, most direct current charging piles are only provided with the EMC filter circuit in the power module which is independently packaged, the overall EMC processing effect of the direct current charging piles is not ideal, and in the direct current charging pile provided by the embodiment, the EMC filter circuits can be respectively arranged in the alternating current distribution circuit and each power conversion branch circuit, so that the two-stage EMC functional design is realized, a higher-order filter is obtained through the combination of two stages of EMC, the better roll-off characteristic is obtained, and the noise suppression effect is better.
In any of the above embodiments, the power conversion circuit in the power conversion branch is used to convert ac power into dc power, and is a key component circuit for the charging pile to complete the charging function.
Optionally, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a block diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the power conversion circuit according to the embodiment includes: a rectifier 2021 and a DC/DC conversion circuit 2022, in which,
the ac input end of the rectifier 2021 is used as the input end of the power conversion circuit and is connected to the output end of the auxiliary switching circuit, and the DC output end of the rectifier 2021 is connected to the input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit.
Optionally, in practical application, the rectifier includes one of a two-level PWM rectifier, an I-type three-level PWM rectifier, a T-type three-level PWM rectifier, an ANPC three-level PWM rectifier, a flying capacitor type PWM rectifier, a five-level diode clamp PWM rectifier, a T-type VIENNA rectifier, an I-type VIENNA rectifier, and a diode rectifier.
Further, the DC/DC conversion circuit 20222 includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal, the first output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit is used as an output terminal of the power conversion branch circuit and is connected to a power distribution circuit at a later stage, the second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected to a vehicle-mounted BMS charging interface integrated in the charging gun, and when the charging vehicle is connected to the charging gun, the second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit supplies power to the vehicle-mounted BMS through the vehicle-mounted BMS charging interface, so as to ensure that the vehicle-mounted BMS operates normally.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, in the power conversion circuit provided in this embodiment, the DC/DC conversion circuit 2022 further includes a basic isolation DC/DC converter 20221 and at least one extended isolation DC/DC converter 20222, wherein,
the input terminals of the basic isolation DC/DC converter 20221 and each of the extended isolation DC/DC converters 20222 are respectively used as the input terminals of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2022, and are connected to the output terminal of the rectifier 2021, specifically, to the output DC bus of the rectifier 2021.
The basic type isolation DC/DC converter 20221 includes two output terminals, and the extended type isolation DC/DC converter 20222 includes one output terminal, wherein the first output terminal of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter 20221 and the output terminal of each extended type isolation DC/DC converter 20222 are respectively used as the first output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2022, and are connected to the input terminal of the power distribution circuit 30 at the subsequent stage.
The second output terminal of the basic type isolated DC/DC converter 20221, which is the second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2022, is connected to the on-board BMS charging interface integrated in the charging gun through the relays K3 and K4.
Based on the above connection relationship, the first output terminal of the basic isolation DC/DC converter 20221 and the output terminals of the respective extended isolation DC/DC converters 20222 output the charging voltage to the power distribution circuit 30, and after selection by the power distribution circuit 30, output to the charging vehicle. The second output of the basic isolated DC/DC converter 20221 outputs an on-board BMS operating voltage, which in practical applications may be 12V or 24V, specifically determined by the on-board BMS settings, where it is not deployed.
Optionally, there are various implementations of the basic isolated DC/DC converter provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and a basic structural block diagram of the basic isolated DC/DC converter can be shown in fig. 5, which includes: a primary side power conversion circuit, a secondary side high voltage power conversion circuit, a secondary side low voltage power conversion circuit and an isolation transformer, wherein,
the input end of the primary side power conversion circuit is used as the input end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter and is connected with the output end of the rectifier, and the output end of the primary side power conversion circuit is connected with the primary side winding of the isolation transformer.
Optionally, the primary power conversion circuit may be one of a single-phase full-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase half-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase interleaved half-bridge conversion circuit, a T-type three-level conversion circuit, an INPC three-level conversion circuit, and a five-level diode clamp conversion circuit.
The secondary side of the isolation transformer comprises a secondary side high-voltage winding and a secondary side low-voltage winding, wherein the secondary side high-voltage winding is connected with the input end of the secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit, and the output end of the secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit is used as the first output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter to output charging voltage. Optionally, the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit may be one of an uncontrolled high-voltage conversion circuit or a controllable high-voltage conversion circuit.
And the secondary low-voltage winding is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit, and the output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit is used as the second output end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter to output the working voltage of the vehicle-mounted BMS.
Optionally, the specific configuration of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit can be roughly divided into two cases, one of which includes an uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit and a voltage reduction circuit, wherein an input end of the uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit is used as an input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit, an output end of the uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit is connected with an input end of the voltage reduction circuit, and correspondingly, an output end of the voltage reduction circuit is used as an output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit. And secondly, the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit is realized based on a controllable low-voltage conversion circuit. An alternative circuit configuration of the basic type isolated DC/DC conversion circuit will be described below with reference to a specific example.
It should be noted that, as described above, the primary side power conversion circuit can be implemented based on various topologies, and in each of the following embodiments, the primary side power conversion circuit is implemented based on a single-phase full-bridge topology as an example.
Optionally, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a topology diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, a primary side power conversion circuit, a secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit, and a secondary side low-voltage power conversion circuit are all implemented based on an uncontrolled rectifier circuit. The primary side power conversion circuit is a single-stage uncontrolled rectification topology, and adopts frequency conversion control to ensure that the secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit can provide stable wide-voltage-range output; the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit adopts a two-stage conversion circuit, the output end of the uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit is connected with a BUCK voltage reduction circuit, and the output of 12V or 24V voltage is realized by independently controlling the BUCK circuit.
Further, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a topology diagram of another power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the secondary high-voltage conversion circuit employs an uncontrolled low-voltage conversion circuit, and the secondary low-voltage conversion circuit employs a controllable low-voltage conversion circuit, in practical applications, the secondary low-voltage conversion circuit implemented based on the controllable low-voltage conversion circuit may employ a PWM control manner, so as to implement stable output of 12V or 24V, and as for a specific control process, the specific control process may be implemented based on the prior art, and is not described herein again.
Optionally, on the basis of the embodiments shown in fig. 6 and 7, the secondary low-voltage converting circuit may also be a hybrid controllable converting structure implemented based on a switching tube and a diode, and can also output stable voltage of the vehicle-mounted BMS. A specific circuit topology can be seen in fig. 8.
In order to reduce the influence of the port voltage of the output end of the secondary high-voltage conversion circuit and the load change on the output performance of the secondary low-voltage conversion circuit, a first decoupling capacitor can be connected in series between the secondary high-voltage winding and the secondary high-voltage conversion circuit, and meanwhile, a second decoupling capacitor is connected in series between the secondary low-voltage winding and the secondary low-voltage conversion circuit, is the resonant frequency of the decoupling capacitor corresponding to the leakage inductance of the corresponding secondary winding and is exactly consistent with the resonant frequency of the primary winding.
Optionally, referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a topological diagram of another power conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where this embodiment is based on the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and shows the arrangement positions of the aforementioned first decoupling capacitor and second decoupling capacitor, and other embodiments may refer to this embodiment, and the first decoupling capacitor and the second decoupling capacitor are arranged at the same position, and a specific illustration example is not given here.
As shown in fig. 9, the secondary high-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected to the input terminal of the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit through a first decoupling capacitor C1;
and a secondary low-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit through a second decoupling capacitor C2.
Optionally, referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a block diagram of another power conversion circuit provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, the power conversion circuit provided in the embodiment includes a rectifier 2021 and a DC/DC conversion circuit 2023.
In particular, for alternative implementations of the three-phase rectification circuit 2021, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
In this embodiment, the DC/DC conversion circuit 2023 specifically includes a low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20231 and at least one high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20232, wherein,
the input terminals of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20231 and the high-voltage isolation DC/DC converters 20232 are respectively used as the input terminals of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2023, and are connected to the output terminal of the rectifier 2021.
The output end of each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20232 is connected to the power distribution circuit 30 at the subsequent stage as the first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2023.
The output terminal of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20231 serves as the second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit 2023, and is connected to the on-board BMS charging interface integrated in the charging gun.
Further, similarly to the previous embodiment, the output terminal of each high voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20232 outputs a charging voltage, and the output terminal of the low voltage isolation DC/DC converter 20231 outputs an on-vehicle BMS operating voltage.
It should be noted that, for the specific circuit implementation of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter and the high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter in this embodiment, reference may be made to the prior art implementation, and the implementation is not expanded here.
In the prior art, the power conversion module in the direct current charging station mostly adopts the form of independent encapsulation, and whole direct current fills electric pile and uses the power conversion module as a black box in the design process, and the direct current of different power grades fills electric pile and connects in parallel and obtain through the power conversion module of different quantity, because the appearance of power conversion module is certain, is difficult to arrange in the charging device in a flexible way, leads to direct current to fill electric pile's integrated level lower. In addition, fill on-vehicle BMS's in the electric pile power supply, still need set up corresponding power supply circuit alone, further improve the overall cost that the electric pile was filled to the direct current.
In the direct-current charging pile provided by the embodiment of the invention, the idea of carrying out module design on the power conversion circuit in the prior art is abandoned, the circuit corresponding to the power conversion function is integrated with other parts in the charging pile, and the power supply of the vehicle-mounted BMS is integrated into the power conversion circuit, so that the power supply circuit is not separately arranged, and the integration level of the direct-current charging pile is improved, and the overall design cost of the direct-current charging pile is reduced.
Optionally, referring to fig. 11, which is a block diagram of another dc charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment shown in fig. 11 may further include a control circuit 50 on the basis of any of the above embodiments, where the control circuit 50 is respectively connected to the ac power distribution circuit, the auxiliary switching circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power distribution circuit, and the charging gun in a communication manner (shown by a bidirectional arrow in the figure), and respectively controls working processes of the ac power distribution circuit, the auxiliary switching circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power distribution circuit, and the charging gun, so as to control a charging process of the dc charging pile.
As an alternative implementation manner, fig. 12 shows a block diagram of a structure of another dc charging pile based on the embodiment shown in fig. 11, as shown in fig. 12, the control circuit includes a main controller 501, at least one power conversion controller 502, at least one charging gun controller 503, and a communication bus 504, wherein,
the main controller 501 is connected to the ac power distribution circuit 10 and the power distribution circuit 30, and directly controls the ac power distribution circuit 10 and the power distribution circuit 30; further, the main controller 501 is respectively connected to the power conversion controllers 502 and the charging gun controllers 503 through the communication bus 504, so as to perform distributed control on the auxiliary switching circuit 201, the power conversion circuit 202, and the charging guns 40.
Based on the specific structure of the control circuit, the power conversion circuits 202 have their own independent controllers, that is, each power conversion circuit 202 corresponds to one power conversion controller 502, the power conversion circuits 202 and the power conversion controllers 502 are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, when the charging pile works, the main controller 501 issues a power control instruction to each power conversion controller 502, and each power conversion controller 502 controls the corresponding power conversion circuit 202 according to the received power control instruction to control the power conversion circuit to output power.
Correspondingly, each charging gun 40 also corresponds to its own independent controller, each charging gun 40 corresponds to one charging gun controller 503, that is, the charging guns 40 and the charging gun controllers 503 are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, when the charging pile works, the main controller 501 issues a control instruction to each charging gun controller 503, and each charging gun controller 503 controls the corresponding charging gun 40 according to the received control instruction, and controls the charging gun controller to perform the works such as electronic locking, unlocking, locking, insulation detection and the like. Meanwhile, the charging gun controller 503 also controls the connection state of the corresponding auxiliary switching circuit.
The ac power distribution circuit 10 is controlled by the main controller 501 directly outputting a control signal, and mainly controls the connection state of the second controllable switch in the ac power distribution circuit. As can be seen from the above, the ac distribution circuit 10 is provided with a second driving circuit, and the main controller 501 is connected based on the second driving circuit, and controls the connection state of the second controllable switch through the second driving circuit.
The auxiliary switching circuit 201 is controlled by a control signal output by a charging gun controller 503, similar to the ac power distribution circuit 10, a first controllable switch and a first driving circuit are arranged in the auxiliary switching circuit 201, and the charging gun controller 503 can be connected with the first driving circuit and control the connection state of the first controllable switch through the first driving circuit.
In the power distribution circuit 30, the main controller 501 directly controls the switch combination inside the power distribution circuit 30 according to actual requirements to realize the serial-parallel output of each power conversion circuit 202, thereby completing the combined output of different voltages and different powers. For the specific control process, the control process can be realized by combining the prior art, and is not described in detail.
Optionally, the present invention further provides a charging control method, which can be applied to the dc charging pile provided in any of the above embodiments, and specifically, can be applied to a main controller of the dc charging pile. Referring to fig. 13, a flow of a charging control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include:
and S100, controlling the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch to be disconnected under the condition that the charging gun is connected with the charging vehicle.
In practical applications, after the charging gun is connected to the charging vehicle, the main controller in the dc charging pile may perform necessary information interaction with the vehicle-mounted BMS of the charging vehicle, such as interaction of a charging request, interaction of basic information of the charging vehicle, and the like.
Under the condition that the charging gun is connected with a charging vehicle, the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch can be controlled to be disconnected.
Optionally, based on the foregoing embodiment, it can be seen that the main controller in the charging pile has a direct control relationship with the ac power distribution circuit, and therefore, the main controller can directly send a corresponding driving instruction to a second driving circuit in the ac power distribution circuit, and the second driving circuit controls the second controllable switch to be turned off.
And the main controller and the auxiliary switching circuit have no direct control relation but are distributed control realized based on the charging gun controller. Therefore, in the process of controlling the first controllable switch to be switched off, the main controller sends a switching-off instruction for controlling the first controllable switch to be switched off to each charging gun controller through the communication bus, so that each charging controller controls the first controllable switch connected with the charging controller to be switched off after receiving the switching-off instruction.
Optionally, in practical applications, since the main controller and each of the charging gun controllers are in communication connection, transmission of the disconnection signal may fail due to interference, so that the charging gun controller fails to effectively receive the disconnection instruction.
Specifically, for any charging gun controller, timing is started after the main controller sends a disconnection instruction to the charging gun controller, whether a confirmation message representing that the charging gun controller receives the disconnection instruction is received or not is judged within a preset time, and if the confirmation message is received within the preset time, a retransmission mechanism is started: the repeated charging gun controller sends a disconnection instruction until an acknowledgement message or a preset exit condition is received.
The preset exit condition may be that the number of times of repeatedly sending the disconnection instruction reaches a preset number threshold, or that the duration of retransmitting the disconnection instruction reaches a preset time threshold, which are optional and belong to the protection scope of the present invention on the premise of not exceeding the scope of the core idea of the present invention.
Correspondingly, if quitting when the preset quitting condition is met, indicating that the sending of the disconnection instruction to the charging gun controller fails, the corresponding prompt information representing the sending failure of the instruction can be output to the upper layer controller, and the prompt information can also comprise which charging gun controller the specific sending instruction fails.
It is conceivable that the step of controlling the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch to be turned off is essentially to send a turn-off command to the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch, and a subsequent step is required to determine whether the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are actually in a turn-off state.
S110, judging whether the voltage on the two sides of the second controllable switch is larger than a first voltage threshold value, if so, executing S120.
After the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are controlled to be switched off through the foregoing steps, the voltages at two sides of the second controllable switch are firstly obtained, it is conceivable that if the second controllable switch is in a normal state, after responding to a switching-off command, the voltages at two sides of the switch are relatively large, conversely, if the second controllable switch has an adhesion fault, the second controllable switch cannot be switched off normally, and because the impedance of the second controllable switch is relatively small, the voltages at two sides of the second controllable switch are also relatively small at this time. Based on the above, if the voltage on the two sides of the second controllable switch is greater than the first voltage threshold, the second controllable switch is judged to be normal, and the subsequent steps are executed; on the contrary, if the voltage on the two sides of the second controllable switch is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, the second controllable switch is judged to have the adhesion fault.
It should be noted that, for the selection of the first voltage threshold, the parameter characteristics of the second controllable switch itself and the specific control accuracy requirement may be set, and the specific value of the first voltage threshold is not limited in the present invention.
Optionally, if it is determined that the second controllable switch has the adhesion fault, corresponding warning information may be sent to prompt the second controllable switch to have the adhesion fault.
And S120, controlling the second controllable switch to be closed.
And if the second controllable switch correctly responds to the control instruction and is in an off state, the second controllable switch is further controlled to be closed, so that the first controllable switch at the rear stage of the second controllable switch is powered on.
S130, judging whether the voltages at the two sides of each first controllable switch are both larger than a second voltage threshold value, if so, executing S140.
Similar to the determination process of whether the second controllable switch has the adhesion fault, if the voltages on the two sides of the first controllable switch are greater than the second voltage threshold, it is determined that the first controllable switch is normal, and S140 is executed, and if the voltages on the two sides of the first controllable switch are less than or equal to the second voltage threshold, it is determined that the first controllable switch has the adhesion fault.
Optionally, if it is determined that any one of the first controllable switches has the adhesion fault, a corresponding warning message may be sent to prompt the corresponding first controllable switch to have the adhesion fault.
It is conceivable that the selection of the second voltage threshold may be set in combination with the parameter characteristics of the first controllable switch itself and the specific control accuracy requirement, and the specific value of the second voltage threshold is not limited in the present invention.
And S140, controlling the direct current charging pile to charge the charging vehicle.
After the steps, if the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both in the normal state, the direct current charging pile can be controlled to charge the charging vehicle.
In summary, the charging control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement adhesion fault detection of the second controllable switch in the ac power distribution circuit and the first controllable switch in the auxiliary switching circuit before the charging pile formally starts to charge the charging vehicle, and start to charge the charging vehicle when the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both normal, so that reliability and safety of the charging process can be effectively improved.
Optionally, referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a flowchart of another charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 13, the embodiment provides a specific embodiment for controlling a dc charging pile to charge a charging vehicle, only steps different from those in the embodiment shown in fig. 13 are described below, and the remaining steps may be implemented with reference to the embodiment shown in fig. 13.
And S200, controlling the second controllable switch to be switched off.
Through the foregoing S130, the voltage on both sides of the first controllable switch is greater than the second voltage threshold, and it is determined that the first air switch is normal, and then the second controllable switch is further controlled to be disconnected, so as to cut off the connection between the dc charging pile and the ac power grid.
And S210, controlling the first controllable switch of the target to be closed.
As described above, when the charging pile actually charges the charging vehicle, the main controller needs to select different power conversion circuits through the power distribution circuit to combine, so as to obtain the charging power and the charging voltage mismatched with the charging vehicle, and after determining the target power conversion circuit actually used for charging, the main controller needs to use the auxiliary switching circuit corresponding to the target power conversion circuit as the target auxiliary switching circuit.
And closing the first controllable switch of the control target, and firstly enabling the power conversion branch circuit for charging the charging vehicle to be in a conducting state with the alternating current distribution circuit.
And S220, controlling the second controllable switch to be closed to charge the charging vehicle.
And the second controllable switch is further controlled to be closed, so that the alternating current power grid is communicated with each component in the direct current charging pile, the reliable transmission of electric energy is ensured, and the electric quantity of the charging car can be charged. It is conceivable that other control operations to be performed for charging the charging vehicle, such as control of the rectifier, control of the charging gun, etc., after controlling the second controllable switch to be closed, can be implemented with reference to the prior art, and are not expanded here.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging station, including: a transformer and at least one dc charging pile provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the dc charging pile performs any one of the above charging control methods, wherein,
the primary side of the transformer is connected with an alternating current power grid;
and the secondary side of the transformer is respectively connected with each direct current charging pile.
The embodiments of the invention are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.

Claims (20)

1. A direct current fills electric pile, its characterized in that includes: an alternating current distribution circuit, at least one power conversion branch circuit, a power distribution circuit and at least one charging gun, wherein,
the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit is respectively connected with the input end of each power conversion branch circuit;
the output end of each power conversion branch circuit is connected with the input end of the power distribution circuit;
the output end of the power distribution circuit is connected with each charging gun;
a first controllable switch is arranged in the power conversion branch circuit, and a second controllable switch is arranged in the alternating current distribution circuit.
2. The dc charging pole according to claim 1, wherein the power conversion branch comprises: auxiliary switching circuit and power conversion circuit, in which,
the auxiliary switching circuit comprises the first controllable switch and a first driving circuit, wherein,
the input end of the first controllable switch is used as the input end of the power conversion branch circuit, and the output end of the first controllable switch is connected with the input end of the power conversion circuit;
the output end of the power conversion circuit is used as the output end of the power conversion branch circuit;
the first driving circuit is connected with the control end of the first controllable switch.
3. The dc charging post according to claim 2, wherein the power conversion circuit comprises: a rectifier and a DC/DC conversion circuit, wherein,
the alternating current input end of the rectifier is used as the input end of the power conversion circuit, and the direct current output end of the rectifier is connected with the input end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is used as an output end of the power conversion branch circuit;
and the second output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with a charging interface of a vehicle-mounted BMS integrated in the charging gun.
4. The direct current charging pile according to claim 3, wherein the DC/DC conversion circuit includes: a basic type isolation DC/DC converter and at least one extended type isolation DC/DC converter, wherein,
the input ends of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and each extended isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as the input ends of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and an output end of each expansion isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a second output terminal of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter is used as a second output terminal of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
a first output terminal of the basic isolation DC/DC converter and output terminals of the extended isolation DC/DC converters output charging voltages;
and the second output end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter outputs the working voltage of the vehicle BMS.
5. The DC charging post of claim 4, wherein the basic isolation DC/DC converter comprises: a primary side power conversion circuit, a secondary side high voltage power conversion circuit, a secondary side low voltage power conversion circuit and an isolation transformer, wherein,
the input end of the primary side power conversion circuit is used as the input end of the basic type isolation DC/DC converter;
the output end of the primary side power conversion circuit is connected with the primary side winding of the isolation transformer;
the secondary high-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit;
the output end of the secondary side high-voltage power conversion circuit is used as a first output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter;
the secondary low-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit;
and the output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit is used as a second output end of the basic isolation DC/DC converter.
6. The DC charging post of claim 5, wherein the primary power conversion circuit comprises one of a single-phase full-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase half-bridge conversion circuit, a three-phase interleaved half-bridge conversion circuit, a T-type three-level conversion circuit, an INPC three-level conversion circuit, and a five-level diode clamp conversion circuit.
7. The DC charging post according to claim 5, wherein the secondary high voltage power conversion circuit comprises an uncontrolled high voltage conversion circuit or a controlled high voltage conversion circuit.
8. The DC charging post of claim 5, wherein the secondary low voltage power converting circuit comprises an uncontrolled low voltage converting circuit and a voltage dropping circuit, wherein,
the input end of the uncontrolled low-voltage converting circuit is used as the input end of the secondary low-voltage power converting circuit, and the output end of the uncontrolled low-voltage converting circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage reducing circuit;
and the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is used as the output end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit.
9. The DC charging post of claim 5, wherein the secondary low voltage power conversion circuit comprises a controllable low voltage conversion circuit.
10. The direct-current charging pile according to claim 5, wherein the secondary high-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage power conversion circuit through a first decoupling capacitor;
and a secondary low-voltage winding of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary low-voltage power conversion circuit through a second decoupling capacitor.
11. The direct current charging pile according to claim 3, wherein the DC/DC conversion circuit includes: a low voltage isolation DC/DC converter and at least one high voltage isolation DC/DC converter, wherein,
the input ends of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter and each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter are respectively used as the input ends of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter is respectively used as a first output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter is used as a second output end of the DC/DC conversion circuit;
the output end of each high-voltage isolation DC/DC converter outputs charging voltage;
and the output end of the low-voltage isolation DC/DC converter outputs the working voltage of the vehicle-mounted BMS.
12. The dc charging post of claim 3, wherein the rectifier comprises one of a two-level PWM rectifier, an I-type three-level PWM rectifier, a T-type three-level PWM rectifier, an ANPC three-level PWM rectifier, a flying capacitor type PWM rectifier, a five-level diode clamp PWM rectifier, a T-type VIENNA rectifier, a I-type VIENNA rectifier, and a diode rectifier.
13. The dc charging post according to claim 2, wherein said auxiliary switching circuit further comprises: a first EMC filter circuit, wherein,
the first EMC filter circuit is connected in series between the output of the first controllable switch and the input of the power conversion circuit.
14. The dc charging post according to claim 13, wherein the ac distribution circuit comprises: a circuit breaker, a main switching circuit and a second EMC filter circuit, wherein,
the main switching circuit comprises a second driving circuit and the second controllable switch;
the input end of the circuit breaker is used as the input end of the alternating current distribution circuit, and the output end of the circuit breaker is connected with the input end of the second controllable switch;
the output end of the second controllable switch is connected with the input end of the second EMC filter circuit;
the output end of the second EMC filter circuit is used as the output end of the alternating current distribution circuit;
the second driving circuit is connected with the control end of the second controllable switch.
15. The dc charging post according to claim 2, further comprising: a control circuit, wherein,
the control circuit is respectively connected with the alternating current distribution circuit, the auxiliary switching circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power distribution circuit and the charging gun;
the control circuit is used for controlling the charging process of the direct current charging pile.
16. The dc charging post of claim 15, wherein the control circuit comprises: a main controller, at least one power conversion controller, at least one charging gun controller, and a communication bus, wherein,
the main controller is respectively connected with the alternating current distribution circuit and the power distribution circuit;
the main controller is respectively in communication connection with each power conversion controller and each charging gun controller through the communication bus;
the power converter is connected with the power conversion circuit;
and the charging gun controller is respectively connected with the auxiliary switching circuit and the charging gun.
17. A charging control method applied to the dc charging pile according to any one of claims 1 to 16, the method comprising:
under the condition that a charging gun is connected with a charging vehicle, controlling the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch to be disconnected;
judging whether the voltage at two sides of the second controllable switch is greater than a first voltage threshold value or not;
if the voltages on the two sides of the second controllable switch are greater than the first voltage threshold, controlling the second controllable switch to be closed, and judging whether the voltages on the two sides of each first controllable switch are greater than a second voltage threshold;
and if the voltages at the two sides of each first controllable switch are greater than the second voltage threshold value, controlling the direct current charging pile to charge the charging vehicle.
18. The charge control method according to claim 17, wherein the dc charging pile includes a charging gun controller, and the charging gun controller is connected to the first controllable switch;
a process for controlling the opening of any of said first controllable switches, comprising:
sending a disconnection instruction to a charging gun controller corresponding to the first controllable switch, wherein the disconnection instruction is used for controlling the charging gun controller to disconnect the first controllable switch;
if the confirmation information is not received within the preset time length, repeatedly sending the disconnection instruction to the charging gun controller until the confirmation information is received or a preset exit condition is reached;
wherein the confirmation information characterizes the charging gun controller receiving the disconnection command.
19. The charge control method according to claim 17, wherein the controlling the dc charging pole to charge the charging vehicle includes:
controlling the second controllable switch to be switched off;
controlling a target first controllable switch to close, wherein the target first controllable switch comprises a first controllable switch in a power conversion branch that charges the charging vehicle;
and controlling the second controllable switch to be closed to charge the charging vehicle.
20. A charging station, comprising: a transformer and at least one direct current charging pole according to any one of claims 1 to 16, and which performs the charging control method according to any one of claims 17 to 19,
the primary side of the transformer is connected with an alternating current power grid;
and the secondary side of the transformer is respectively connected with each direct current charging pile.
CN202110698765.7A 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Direct-current charging pile, charging control method and charging station Pending CN113212215A (en)

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