CN111934066B - Broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint and design method - Google Patents
Broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111934066B CN111934066B CN202010623123.6A CN202010623123A CN111934066B CN 111934066 B CN111934066 B CN 111934066B CN 202010623123 A CN202010623123 A CN 202010623123A CN 111934066 B CN111934066 B CN 111934066B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
- H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
- H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband non-contact type circular waveguide rotary joint and a design method thereof, wherein the broadband non-contact type circular waveguide rotary joint comprises: the device comprises a first circular waveguide, a cylindrical surface metal convex body array, a bearing, a second circular waveguide, a shielding cavity and a bearing fixing cavity; the tail end of the first circular waveguide is provided with a metal convex body array; the tail end of the second circular waveguide is sequentially provided with a shielding cavity and a bearing fixing cavity; the tail end of the first circular waveguide is inserted into the shielding cavity, and the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide; the metal convex body array and the shielding cavity jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure to realize broadband electromagnetic shielding, and a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint is formed by matching with a bearing. The invention ensures the broadband characteristic of the rotary joint by constructing the rotatable broadband non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure at the rotary part, avoids abrasion by the non-contact structure, ensures more stable rotation and longer service life, and can be widely applied to various communication, radar and antenna feed systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint and a design method thereof.
Background
Rotary joints are important components in communication and radar antenna systems. In order to continuously search, track and measure a target, a radiation mechanism of an antenna is generally required to continuously rotate by 360 degrees, and meanwhile, uninterrupted transmission of electromagnetic signals in the rotation process is required to be ensured. Therefore, a rotary joint must be adopted in the antenna feeding system to realize the connection between the fixed part and the rotary part so as to ensure that the microwave signal can be continuously and effectively transmitted during the rotation of the antenna.
The rotary joint comprises a waveguide rotary joint and a coaxial rotary joint. The waveguide transmission line has the advantages of low loss, high power capacity and the like, so that a waveguide rotary joint is mainly adopted in a high-power antenna system.
In various high-power waveguide rotary joints, a rotary part mostly adopts a circular waveguide structure, and the uninterrupted transmission of electromagnetic signals in the rotary process is realized by using a central symmetry TM01 mode of the circular waveguide or other modes after polarization conversion. The input and output ports are designed with corresponding conversion structures according to different requirements so as to realize different types of waveguide rotary joints, for example, a rectangular waveguide rotary joint is realized through rectangular-circular waveguide conversion. Therefore, the circular waveguide rotary joint structure is a core mechanism in many waveguide rotary joints.
The existing circular waveguide rotary joint comprises three types of common non-contact type, choke groove non-contact type and contact type structures in a summary mode. The common non-contact structure causes electromagnetic leakage due to gaps, so that standing wave and insertion loss performance are poor, a choke groove structure is usually added to reduce standing wave ratio and insertion loss, but the choke groove is a narrow-band structure, so that the working bandwidth of a rotary joint is limited to a great extent, once the working frequency is changed, electrical performance indexes are reduced, the structural size needs to be changed according to different working frequency band designs, and the choke groove size needs to be determined in a test mode usually, so that high design and manufacturing cost can be caused.
The existing contact type waveguide rotary joint structure mainly focuses on realizing contact type rotation similar to a spring plate contact or electric brush structure through various structural design improvements, and further improves standing wave and insertion loss performance, for example, patents such as a contact type gapless waveguide rotary joint 201710367048.X, a waveguide rotary joint 201710368810.6 capable of rapidly adjusting a gap, a waveguide rotary joint 201710367047.5 capable of adjusting a gap and the like belong to the same type, but the contact type rotary joint has the problems of abrasion and unstable rotation due to friction of a contact surface.
In summary, most of the existing circular waveguide rotary joints adopt choke groove structures, the working bandwidth is narrow, the requirement of flexible frequency change in a broadband range cannot be met, and the circular waveguide rotary joints realized by adopting contact structures have the problems of abrasion and unstable rotation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem of the invention is solved: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint and a design method are provided.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, which comprises: the device comprises a first circular waveguide, a cylindrical surface metal convex body array, a bearing, a second circular waveguide, a shielding cavity and a bearing fixing cavity; the central axes of the first circular waveguide and the second circular waveguide are coincided;
the tail end of one side of the first circular waveguide, which is close to the bearing, is provided with a cylindrical surface metal convex body array;
the tail end of one side, close to the bearing, of the second circular waveguide is sequentially provided with a shielding cavity and a bearing fixing cavity;
the bearing is placed in the bearing fixing cavity, and an outer ring of the bearing is fixed with the bearing fixing cavity holding structure;
the tail end of one side, close to the bearing, of the first circular waveguide is inserted into the shielding cavity, and the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide;
the cylindrical surface metal convex array and the shielding cavity jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure;
the outer wall of the first circular waveguide and the inner ring of the bearing are fixed with each other to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the bearing is a mechanical rolling bearing.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the inner diameters of the first circular waveguide and the second circular waveguide are the same;
the material of the first circular waveguide and the second circular waveguide is metal or the material of a surface plating metal layer.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the cylindrical surface metal convex body array is formed by periodically and regularly arranging a plurality of metal convex bodies along the circumference and the axial direction of the outer wall of the tail end of the first circular waveguide;
each metal convex body is a cylindrical surface convex body structure with equal radius, and the arc surface of the metal convex body and the first circular waveguide form a concentric circle relationship.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the plurality of metal convex bodies are arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide for M circles at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first circular waveguide; wherein M is more than or equal to 1;
the metal convex bodies in the same circle are positioned in the same axial section of the first circular waveguide and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the outer wall of the first circular waveguide.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the shielding cavity is of a cylindrical cavity structure, is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide and is communicated with the interior of the waveguide cavity of the second circular waveguide;
the diameter of the shielding cavity is larger than the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array, and the difference value between the diameter of the shielding cavity and the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array is smaller than one half of the working wavelength of the rotary joint; the depth of the shielding cavity is greater than the length of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array along the axial direction of the waveguide;
and an equidistant structure gap with the working wavelength less than one fourth is formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array and the inner wall of the shielding cavity and is not contacted.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
the bearing fixing cavity is positioned at the tail end of the second circular waveguide, is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide and is communicated with the shielding cavity;
the height and diameter of the bearing fixing cavity are matched with those of the bearing, and the bearing fixing cavity is used for fixing the bearing.
In the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint,
a structural gap is reserved between the bearing fixing cavity and the shielding cavity, so that the lower surface of the assembled bearing is not in contact with the upper surface of the shielding cavity, and the normal rotation of the bearing is ensured.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a design method of the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, which comprises the following steps:
arranging a cylindrical surface metal convex body array at the tail end of the first circular waveguide;
a shielding cavity and a bearing fixing cavity are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the second circular waveguide;
placing the bearing in the bearing fixing cavity to fix the outer ring of the bearing and the bearing fixing cavity maintaining structure;
inserting the tail end of the first circular waveguide into the shielding cavity, so that the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide; equidistant structure gaps smaller than one fourth of working wavelength are formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array and the inner wall of the shielding cavity and are not contacted;
the cylindrical surface metal convex array and the shielding cavity jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure;
and fixing the outer wall of the first circular waveguide and the inner ring of the bearing mutually to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
In the method for designing a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, the method further includes:
firstly, determining the inner wall radius r of a first circular waveguide and a second circular waveguide according to the working frequency of a rotary joint, and selecting the waveguide wall thickness as t;
secondly, establishing a simulation model of the non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure, and setting initial values of all sizes, wherein the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe initial value is one fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the rotary joint, the initial value of the axial thickness w and the axial distance g of the metal convex body and the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe same number N of metal convex bodies in a single circle and the radian of the cambered surface of the metal convex body are equal1And the tangential radian angle between convex bodies2Satisfies the relation angle1+angle 22 pi/N; air gap h between outer cambered surface of cylindrical surface metal convex body array and inner wall of shielding cavityaLess than one quarter of the operating wavelength, haIs less than the radial height h of the metal convex bodypOne fifth of;
thirdly, calculating to obtain electromagnetic forbidden band characteristics through intrinsic solution of an electromagnetic field;
fourthly, according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic forbidden band, the radial height h of the metal convex body is adjustedpAir gap haAxial thickness w of metal convex body, axial distance g of metal convex body, number N of metal convex body in single ring and arc angle of metal convex body arc surface1The tangential radian angle between convex bodies2Adjusting the value of (A);
fifthly, repeating the third step to the fourth step until the electromagnetic forbidden band completely covers the working frequency range of the rotary joint;
and sixthly, setting the transmission power of the rotary joint, and selecting the number M of the metal convex body circles along the axial direction according to the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic under the maximum transmission power so as to meet the electromagnetic shielding performance.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. compared with the existing common non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, the electromagnetic shielding between waveguides is realized by the electromagnetic band gap structure at the rotary part, and the good standing wave and insertion loss performance of the rotary joint is ensured.
2. Compared with a circular waveguide rotary joint realized by adopting a choke groove, the rotary part of the invention is a rotatable broadband non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure, which can realize very wide working bandwidth and overcome the defects that the choke groove structure has narrower working bandwidth and can not flexibly configure frequency.
3. Compared with the circular waveguide rotary joint with the existing contact structure, the rotary part of the rotary joint is of a non-contact structure, so that the rotary joint has no abrasion problem in the rotating process, can realize more stable rotation, and has longer service life.
4. The invention is a universal circular waveguide rotary joint structure and is suitable for any frequency band application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiment will be briefly described below. Of course, the drawings described below are only examples of the present invention and are not limiting, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is an exploded structural schematic view of a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of critical dimension parameters of a rotatable non-contact electromagnetic bandgap structure formed by rotating portions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the calculation of the electromagnetic forbidden band of the rotatable non-contact electromagnetic bandgap structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an actually measured S parameter result of a Ku frequency band rectangular waveguide rotary joint implemented based on a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
One of the core ideas of the invention is that: the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint is characterized in that a plurality of arc surface metal convex bodies with equal radiuses are periodically and regularly arranged on the outer wall of a first circular waveguide to form a metal convex body array structure, a corresponding shielding cavity structure is arranged at the tail end of a second circular waveguide, and on the premise that the central axes of the two waveguides are overlapped, the metal convex body array part of the first circular waveguide is inserted into a shielding cavity of the second circular waveguide, the surface of the metal convex body array is not in contact with the inner wall of the shielding cavity, a rotatable non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure is formed under a proper size, broadband electromagnetic shielding between the two waveguides is achieved, normal electromagnetic signal transmission of the two circular waveguides in a mutual rotation process is guaranteed, and the circular waveguide rotary joint is achieved by matching with a bearing. According to the choke groove structure, the cylindrical surface metal convex body array structure is matched with the shielding cavity to construct a rotatable non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure at a rotating part, so that the broadband characteristic of a rotating joint is guaranteed, the problems that the choke groove structure is narrow in bandwidth and inflexible in frequency configuration are solved, the non-contact structure is prevented from being abraded, the rotation is more stable, the service life is longer, and the choke groove structure can be widely applied to various communication, radar and antenna feed systems.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint includes: the device comprises a first circular waveguide 1, a cylindrical metal convex body array 11, a bearing 2, a second circular waveguide 3, a shielding cavity 31 and a bearing fixing cavity 32. The central axes of the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 are overlapped, and the tail end of the first circular waveguide 1 close to one side of the bearing 2 is provided with a cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11; the tail end of the second circular waveguide 3 close to one side of the bearing 2 is sequentially provided with a shielding cavity 31 and a bearing fixing cavity 32; the bearing 2 is placed in the bearing fixing cavity 32, and the outer ring of the bearing 2 is structurally fixed with the bearing fixing cavity 32; the tail end of the first circular waveguide 1 close to one side of the bearing 2 is inserted into the shielding cavity 31, and the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide 1 is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide 3; the cylindrical surface metal convex array 11 and the shielding cavity 31 jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure; the outer wall of the first circular waveguide 1 and the inner ring of the bearing 2 are fixed with each other to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the bearing 2 may be a mechanical rolling bearing.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the inner diameters of the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 are the same, and may be specifically determined according to the working frequency of the rotary joint. The material of the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 is metal or any other material with a metal layer plated on the surface. It should be noted that the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 also include necessary impedance transformation, matching, and tuning structures inside.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the cylindrical metal bump array 11 may be formed by a plurality of metal bumps with a cylindrical surface having an equal radius, which are regularly arranged in a periodic manner along the circumference and the axial direction of the outer wall of the end of the first circular waveguide 1. Wherein, the arc surface of the metal convex body and the first circular waveguide 1 are in concentric relation.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the ordering form of the metal convex bodies at the end of the first circular waveguide 1 may be various. For example, an optimal structure and arrangement may be: the structures and the sizes of the metal convex bodies are the same. When the metal convex bodies are arranged, the metal convex bodies are arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide 1 along the axial direction of the first circular waveguide 1 at equal intervals, and M is more than or equal to 1 circle; the metal convex bodies in the same circle are positioned in the same axial section of the first circular waveguide 1 and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the outer wall of the first circular waveguide 1. In this embodiment, the metal protrusions having different structures and sizes may be arranged in a staggered manner, as long as a certain periodicity rule is satisfied, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the shielding cavity 31 is a cylindrical cavity structure, and is in concentric relation with the second circular waveguide 3 and communicated with the inside of the waveguide cavity of the second circular waveguide 3. The diameter of the shielding cavity 31 is larger than the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11, and the difference between the diameter of the shielding cavity 31 and the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 is smaller than one half of the working wavelength of the rotary joint; the depth of the shielding cavity 31 is greater than the length of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 along the axial direction of the waveguide; an equidistant structure gap with the working wavelength less than one fourth is formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 and the inner wall of the shielding cavity 31 and is not contacted.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the bearing fixing cavity 32 is located at the extreme end of the second circular waveguide 3, in concentric relation with the second circular waveguide, and communicates with the shield cavity 31. The height and diameter of the bearing fixing cavity 32 are matched with the height and diameter of the bearing 2, and the bearing fixing cavity is used for fixing the bearing 2.
Preferably, in this embodiment, a structural gap is reserved between the bearing fixing cavity 32 and the shielding cavity 31, so that the lower surface of the bearing 2 is not in contact with the upper surface of the shielding cavity 31 after assembly, and the bearing 2 can rotate normally.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the metal structure of each portion may be a suitable metal material or a surface treatment process according to specific requirements (such as strength, wear resistance, and the like). Besides the above-mentioned necessary structures, additional mechanical fixing, supporting and lubricating mechanisms may be added according to actual requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the following description will be made with reference to the design flow of the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint.
In this embodiment, the design method of the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint may specifically include the following steps: a cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 is arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide 1; a shielding cavity 31 and a bearing fixing cavity 32 are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the second circular waveguide 3; placing the bearing 2 in the bearing fixing cavity 32, and keeping the structure of the outer ring of the bearing 2 and the bearing fixing cavity 32 fixed; inserting the tail end of the first circular waveguide 1 into the shielding cavity 31 to ensure that the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide 1 is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide 3; an equidistant structure gap with the working wavelength less than one fourth is formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 and the inner wall of the shielding cavity 31 and is not contacted. The cylindrical surface metal convex array 11 and the shielding cavity 31 jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure; the outer wall of the first circular waveguide 1 and the inner ring of the bearing 2 are fixed with each other to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
Preferably, in the design process of the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, the setting of the key dimension parameters of each structural part can be determined in the following way:
firstly, determining the inner wall radius r of the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 according to the working frequency of the rotary joint, and selecting the waveguide wall thickness as t.
Secondly, establishing a simulation model of the non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure, and setting initial values of all sizes, wherein the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe initial value is one fourth of the corresponding wavelength of the center frequency of the rotary joint, and the metal convex body shaftInitial value of thickness w and axial distance g and radial height h of metal convex bodypThe same number N of metal convex bodies in a single circle and the radian of the cambered surface of the metal convex body are equal1And the tangential radian angle between convex bodies2Satisfies the relation angle1+angle 22 pi/N; air gap h between outer arc surface of cylindrical surface metal convex body array 11 and inner wall of shielding cavity 31aLess than one quarter of the operating wavelength, haIs generally less than the radial height h of the metal projectionpOne fifth of the total.
And thirdly, calculating to obtain the electromagnetic forbidden band characteristic through intrinsic solution of an electromagnetic field.
Fourthly, according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic forbidden band, the radial height h of the metal convex body is adjustedpAir gap haAxial thickness w of metal convex body, axial distance g of metal convex body, number N of metal convex body in single ring and arc angle of metal convex body arc surface1The tangential radian angle between convex bodies2The value of (a) is adjusted.
And fifthly, repeating the third step to the fourth step until the electromagnetic forbidden band completely covers the working frequency range of the rotary joint.
And sixthly, setting the transmission power of the rotary joint, and selecting the number M of the metal convex body circles along the axial direction according to the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic under the maximum transmission power so as to meet the electromagnetic shielding performance.
In this embodiment, an overall rotary joint model may be established according to the dimensional parameters obtained in the above steps, and in practice, a specific value of the waveguide port surface distance d between the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 is selected according to the precision and the error of machining and assembling, so as to complete the overall design of the rotary joint.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with simulation and testing.
Taking a circular waveguide rotary joint for realizing a Ku frequency band and a center frequency of 15GHz as an example, the specific implementation process of the invention is described as follows:
1) the specifications of the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 2 are selected.
TM using circular waveguide01The mode realizes rotation to determine circular waveguideThe radius of the inner wall r. To suppress higher order TE21The mould needs to satisfy:
r＜c/2.06f0and r > c/2.62f0
Wherein c is the vacuum light velocity, f0Is the rotational joint center frequency. Calculated r is 8.8 mm. According to practical conditions, the wall thickness t of the waveguide is 1 mm.
2) A minimum period unit simulation model of a rotatable non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure shown in FIG. 3 is established in an electromagnetic simulation program, periodic boundary conditions along the axial direction are set, and an intrinsic solution mode is set.
3) Setting the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe distance h between the outer arc surface of the metal convex body and the inner wall of the shielding cavityaAxial thickness w of the metal convex body, axial periodic arrangement interval g, number N of the metal convex bodies in a single circle, and arc angle of the arc surface of the metal convex body1Angle of tangential radian between convex bodies2And (5) waiting for the initial value of the size parameter. Angle was selected in this example1＝angle2. The result of the electromagnetic forbidden band is obtained by solving the eigenvalue, and each size parameter is adjusted to obtain a proper range of the electromagnetic forbidden band, as shown in fig. 4, the electromagnetic forbidden band completely covers the required range of the working frequency band, and at this time, each size parameter obtained is: r is 8.8mm, hp＝3mm，ha＝0.1mm，w＝3mm，g＝3mm，N＝8。
4) According to the obtained dimensions, specific mechanical rolling bearing specifications are selected, and the structural and dimensional parameters of the bearing fixing cavity 32 are determined according to the bearing specifications.
5) According to the initial structures and the dimensional parameters obtained above, an overall simulation model of the circular waveguide rotary joint of the present embodiment is established in an electromagnetic simulation program, and according to the actual machining assembly error conditions, the waveguide port distance d between the first circular waveguide 1 and the second circular waveguide 3 is selected to be 0.1 mm. And setting electromagnetic field simulation conditions, simulating to obtain the insertion loss and the standing wave performance of the waveguide rotary joint, and finely adjusting or optimizing corresponding dimensional parameters according to requirements to obtain the insertion loss and the standing wave performance which are met. In this embodiment, the transmission power of the rotary joint is set to 100W, and 3 cycles of cylindrical periodic metal convex bodies in the axial direction are selected, so that sufficient electromagnetic shielding performance is obtained after simulation.
6) For the convenience of test verification, according to the round waveguide rotary joint, by adding rectangular waveguide TE10Mode-to-circular waveguide TM01A waveguide rotary joint with a Ku frequency band and a center frequency of 15GHz is designed and manufactured by a mode conversion structure, and the measured S parameter performance is as shown in figure 5, so that good electromagnetic transmission performance is obtained within a working bandwidth of more than 5%.
It should be noted that the working bandwidth of the rotary joint object made in the embodiment is limited by the rectangular waveguide TE10Mode-to-circular waveguide TM01The working bandwidth of the mode conversion structure, but the rotating part of the circular waveguide is the broadband structure of the invention, and the actual measurement result of the embodiment is affected by the actual processing and assembling error, and the actual measurement result does not represent the actual performance obtained by the invention. The embodiment is only a specific example realized by convenient experimental tests and is not used as a limitation to the content of the invention.
Compared with the existing circular waveguide rotary joint, the circular waveguide rotary joint provided by the invention has the advantages that a non-contact structure is realized, meanwhile, the circular waveguide rotary joint has good electromagnetic transmission performance, the broadband rotation characteristic can be realized, the frequency configuration is more flexible, meanwhile, the non-contact structure ensures stable rotation, and the abrasion problem does not exist. The structure provided by the invention is a universal structure and is suitable for any frequency band application.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (5)
1. A broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint, comprising: the device comprises a first circular waveguide (1), a cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11), a bearing (2), a second circular waveguide (3), a shielding cavity (31) and a bearing fixing cavity (32); the central axes of the first circular waveguide (1) and the second circular waveguide (3) are coincident;
the tail end of one side of the first circular waveguide (1) close to the bearing (2) is provided with a cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11); the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) is formed by a plurality of metal convex bodies which are periodically and regularly arranged along the circumference and the axial direction of the outer wall of the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1); each metal convex body is of a cylindrical surface convex body structure with equal radius, and the arc surface of each metal convex body and the first circular waveguide (1) are in a concentric circle relation; the plurality of metal convex bodies are arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1) for M circles at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first circular waveguide (1); the metal convex bodies in the same circle are positioned in the same axial section of the first circular waveguide (1) and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the outer wall of the first circular waveguide (1); wherein M is more than or equal to 1;
the tail end of one side, close to the bearing (2), of the second circular waveguide (3) is sequentially provided with a shielding cavity (31) and a bearing fixing cavity (32); the bearing fixing cavity (32) is positioned at the tail end of the second circular waveguide (3), is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide and is communicated with the shielding cavity (31); the height and diameter of the bearing fixing cavity (32) are matched with those of the bearing (2) and used for fixing the bearing (2); a structural gap is reserved between the bearing fixing cavity (32) and the shielding cavity (31), so that the lower surface of the bearing (2) is not contacted with the upper surface of the shielding cavity (31) after assembly, and the bearing (2) is ensured to normally rotate;
the bearing (2) is placed in the bearing fixing cavity (32), and the outer ring of the bearing (2) is structurally fixed with the bearing fixing cavity (32);
the tail end of one side, close to the bearing (2), of the first circular waveguide (1) is inserted into the shielding cavity (31), and the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide (1) is not in contact with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide (3); the shielding cavity (31) is of a cylindrical cavity structure, is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide (3), and is communicated with the interior of the waveguide cavity of the second circular waveguide (3); the diameter of the shielding cavity (31) is larger than the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11), and the difference value between the diameter of the shielding cavity (31) and the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) is smaller than one half of the working wavelength of the rotary joint; the depth of the shielding cavity (31) is greater than the length of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) along the axial direction of the waveguide; equidistant structure gaps smaller than one fourth of working wavelength are formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) and the inner wall of the shielding cavity (31) and are not contacted;
the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) and the shielding cavity (31) jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure;
the outer wall of the first circular waveguide (1) and the inner ring of the bearing (2) are fixed with each other to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
2. The broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint according to claim 1,
the bearing (2) is a mechanical rolling bearing.
3. The broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint according to claim 1,
the inner diameters of the first circular waveguide (1) and the second circular waveguide (3) are the same;
the materials of the first circular waveguide (1) and the second circular waveguide (3) are metals or materials with metal layers plated on the surfaces.
4. A design method of a broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) is arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1); the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) is formed by a plurality of metal convex bodies which are periodically and regularly arranged along the circumference and the axial direction of the outer wall of the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1); each metal convex body is of a cylindrical surface convex body structure with equal radius, and the arc surface of each metal convex body and the first circular waveguide (1) are in a concentric circle relation; the plurality of metal convex bodies are arranged at the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1) for M circles at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first circular waveguide (1); the metal convex bodies in the same circle are positioned in the same axial section of the first circular waveguide (1) and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the outer wall of the first circular waveguide (1); wherein M is more than or equal to 1;
a shielding cavity (31) and a bearing fixing cavity (32) are sequentially arranged at the tail end of the second circular waveguide (3); the bearing fixing cavity (32) is positioned at the tail end of the second circular waveguide (3), is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide and is communicated with the shielding cavity (31); the height and diameter of the bearing fixing cavity (32) are matched with those of the bearing (2) and used for fixing the bearing (2); a structural gap is reserved between the bearing fixing cavity (32) and the shielding cavity (31), so that the lower surface of the bearing (2) is not contacted with the upper surface of the shielding cavity (31) after assembly, and the bearing (2) is ensured to normally rotate;
placing the bearing (2) in the bearing fixing cavity (32) to ensure that the outer ring of the bearing (2) is structurally fixed with the bearing fixing cavity (32);
inserting the tail end of the first circular waveguide (1) into the shielding cavity (31) to ensure that the waveguide port surface of the first circular waveguide (1) is not contacted with the waveguide port surface of the second circular waveguide (3); equidistant structure gaps smaller than one fourth of working wavelength are formed between the arc surface of each metal convex body in the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) and the inner wall of the shielding cavity (31) and are not contacted; the shielding cavity (31) is of a cylindrical cavity structure, is in concentric circle relation with the second circular waveguide (3), and is communicated with the interior of the waveguide cavity of the second circular waveguide (3); the diameter of the shielding cavity (31) is larger than the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11), and the difference value between the diameter of the shielding cavity (31) and the diameter of the outer arc of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) is smaller than one half of the working wavelength of the rotary joint; the depth of the shielding cavity (31) is greater than the length of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) along the axial direction of the waveguide;
the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) and the shielding cavity (31) jointly form a non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure;
the outer wall of the first circular waveguide (1) and the inner ring of the bearing (2) are mutually fixed to form a circular waveguide rotary joint.
5. The design method of the broadband non-contact circular waveguide rotary joint according to claim 4, further comprising:
firstly, determining the inner wall radius r of a first circular waveguide (1) and a second circular waveguide (3) according to the working frequency of a rotary joint, and selecting the waveguide wall thickness as t;
secondly, establishing a simulation model of the non-contact electromagnetic band gap structure, and setting initial values of all sizes, wherein the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe initial value is one fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the rotary joint, the initial value of the axial thickness w and the axial distance g of the metal convex body and the radial height h of the metal convex bodypThe same number N of metal convex bodies in a single circle and the radian of the cambered surface of the metal convex body are equal1And the tangential radian angle between convex bodies2Satisfies the relation angle1+angle22 pi/N; an air gap h between the outer cambered surface of the cylindrical surface metal convex body array (11) and the inner wall of the shielding cavity (31)aLess than one quarter of the operating wavelength, haIs less than the radial height h of the metal convex bodypOne fifth of;
thirdly, calculating to obtain electromagnetic forbidden band characteristics through intrinsic solution of an electromagnetic field;
fourthly, according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic forbidden band, the radial height h of the metal convex body is adjustedpAir gap haAxial thickness w of metal convex body, axial distance g of metal convex body, number N of metal convex body in single ring and arc angle of metal convex body arc surface1The tangential radian angle between convex bodies2Adjusting the value of (A);
fifthly, repeating the third step to the fourth step until the electromagnetic forbidden band completely covers the working frequency range of the rotary joint;
and sixthly, setting the transmission power of the rotary joint, and selecting the number M of the metal convex body circles along the axial direction according to the electromagnetic field distribution characteristic under the maximum transmission power so as to meet the electromagnetic shielding performance.
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| CN114069181B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-01-03 | 西安电子科技大学 | Miniaturized non-contact waveguide transmission line and application |
| CN114256568B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 电子科技大学 | High-power multimode broadband rotary joint |
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| US8917149B2 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-12-23 | Sony Corporation | Rotary joint for switchably rotating between a jointed and non-jointed state to provide for polarization rotation |
| CN102394323B (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2014-04-23 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Millimeter-wave wideband TE01-mode rotating joint |
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| CN206116566U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-04-19 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Waveguide rotary joint |
| CN206878146U (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-01-12 | 星展测控科技股份有限公司 | The gapless waveguide junction of contact |
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