CN111931330A - Generalized calculation method for pipe network drainage process of urban area without pipe network data - Google Patents

Generalized calculation method for pipe network drainage process of urban area without pipe network data Download PDF

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CN111931330A
CN111931330A CN202010565705.3A CN202010565705A CN111931330A CN 111931330 A CN111931330 A CN 111931330A CN 202010565705 A CN202010565705 A CN 202010565705A CN 111931330 A CN111931330 A CN 111931330A
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侯精明
李东来
杨东
李丙尧
马越
姬国强
王添
王峰
高徐军
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Abstract

The invention discloses a generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process of a non-pipe network data urban area, which specifically comprises the following steps: measuring the block number of a researched area, the number of catch basins of each block, the distribution position of the catch basins and the perimeter of the catch basins through actual reconnaissance; calculating the surface water depth of the whole research area by adopting a flood process numerical method based on a full-hydrodynamics method; preliminarily calculating the water quantity entering a single catch basin from the ground surface through a weir flow formula, namely the drainage water quantity of the single catch basin; calculating the total drainage water yield of catch basins belonging to the same block; according to the pipe diameter and gradient of the drainage pipeline, the total drainage water volume of the same block is limited and corrected, and the corrected drainage water is discharged from a single rainwater wellWater quantity; calculating the drainage water yield of all rainwater wells in K blocks of the researched area; calculating the net rain rate R of a single catch basin on a surface unit at the catch basin locationn. The invention can improve the simulation precision of the urban flood process without the management network data.

Description

Generalized calculation method for pipe network drainage process of urban area without pipe network data
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of municipal water supply and drainage and urban water disaster prevention, and relates to a generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process in an urban area without pipe network data.
Background
Urban flood is surface water caused by strong precipitation, flood and tide jacking in the outer river, insufficient flood storage capacity in cities, unsmooth drainage and the like, so that rainwater is accumulated before entering a drainage system or cannot enter the drainage system to generate water because the rainwater exceeds the drainage capacity of cities. With the influence of global climate change and urban 'heat island effect', repeated invasion of continuous heavy rain and extra heavy rain causes adverse effect on the normal operation of an urban drainage system, causes urban waterlogging, seriously influences the orderly operation of the city, and causes the extreme rise of the probability of natural disasters of the city. In order to relieve the increasingly serious urban flood problem, China starts to push the concept of sponge cities from 2013, and vigorously builds sponge measures, including building a rainwater garden, a green roof, paving a permeable pavement, distributing rainwater and sewage and the like.
The urban drainage pipe network system is an important infrastructure for draining rainwater in the rainfall period of modern urban areas, plays roles in rainwater collection and transportation when flooding occurs, and is very important for simulating the urban flooding process by calculating the drainage capacity of the pipe network. However, in some urban areas, especially old urban areas, it is very difficult to obtain complete drainage network data, mainly because the urban network data is often lost due to the long time of the year, even the original network data is not saved from the beginning; sometimes, even if a pipe network design drawing exists, due to the fact that a plurality of design units and large coordination difficulty exist during construction, a large number of pipeline cross relations exist, and the problem that the actual layout situation is inconsistent with the design drawing can occur; the situation of pipe network blockage can also happen in some areas because the actual pipe network is not effectively cleaned in time after long-term operation. In recent years, the pipe network arrangement condition can be actually measured by a pipeline unmanned aerial vehicle, but the method is high in cost and low in efficiency, and common projects are difficult to bear large-range actual pipe network measurement. In addition, the building of a pipe network model of a large-scale pipe network dense area is difficult. The method is characterized in that the method is used for evaluating the urban rainfall flood simulation influence, and the method is used for evaluating the urban rainfall flood simulation influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process in a non-pipe network data urban area, which can improve the simulation precision of the non-pipe network data urban flood process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the generalized calculation method for the pipe network drainage process of the urban area without the pipe network data specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, measuring the block number K of a research area, the number of catch basins of each block, the distribution position of the catch basins and the perimeter l of the catch basins through actual reconnaissanceI；
Step 2, calculating the surface water depth of the whole research area by adopting a flood process numerical method based on a full-hydropower method;
step 3, based on the surface water depth obtained in the step 2, preliminarily calculating the water quantity entering a single rainwater well from the surface through a weir flow formula, namely the drainage water quantity q of the single rainwater wellI；
Step 4, calculating the total drainage water yield Q of catch basins belonging to the same blockm；
Step 5, according to the pipe diameter and the gradient of the drainage pipeline, limiting and correcting the total drainage water volume of the same block calculated in the step 4 to obtain the drainage water volume of a single rainwater well after correction;
step 6, repeating the steps 4-5 until the drainage water amount of all the rainwater wells of K blocks in the researched area determined in the step 1 is calculated;
step 7, calculating the net rain rate R of a single rainwater well calculation unit on the surface unit at the position of the rainwater welln。
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the specific process of the step 2 is as follows: the surface water depth h is calculated by solving the following two-dimensional shallow water equation set:
Figure BDA0002547758330000031
wherein t is time in units of s; r is the net rain rate; q is a variable vector comprising water depth h and single wide flow q in two directionsxAnd q isy(ii) a u and v are flow velocities in the x and y directions; f. g is a flux vector in the x and y directions; s is a source item vector which comprises a rainfall or infiltration source item i, a bottom slope source item and a frictional resistance source item; z is a radical ofbIs the riverbed bottom elevation, m; cfTo be the number of talents of decline, Cf＝gn2/h1 /3Wherein n is a Manning coefficient, wherein R is i-f, i is rainfall intensity, and f is infiltration intensity.
The specific process of the step 3 is as follows: calculating the water quantity entering the single rainwater well from the surface by the following formula (2), namely the water discharge q of the single rainwater wellIUnit is m3/s：
Figure BDA0002547758330000041
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002547758330000042
is the weir flow coefficient; lIIs the perimeter of the catch basin, and the unit m, h isSurface water depth, unit m.
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows: calculating the total water discharge Q of the rainwater wells belonging to the same block by the following formula (3)m：
Figure BDA0002547758330000043
Wherein m is the ID of the pipe network, N is the number of rainwater wells of the block, and j is the ID of the rainwater well of the block.
The specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
step 5.1, determining the pipe diameter d of the drainage pipelinepSlope ipipeDetermining the roughness n of the pipe according to the material of the drainage pipep；
Step 5.2, calculating the maximum pipeline flow Q when the drainage pipeline is full through the following formula (4)Pmax：
Figure BDA0002547758330000044
Step 5.3, the maximum pipeline flow obtained in the step 5.2 and the total drainage water quantity Q obtained in the step 4 are mixedmComparing, specifically:
if Qm＜QPmaxmStep 6 can be directly carried out without correcting the inflow on the surface of the rain inlet of the pipe network;
if Qm＞QPmaxmCorrecting inflow of the rainwater inlet of the pipe network, and implementing the step 5.4;
step 5.4, according to the single rainwater well drainage water amount preliminarily calculated by the weir flow formula in the step 3, reducing according to the ratio of the maximum pipeline flow and the pipeline preliminary drainage water amount, and correcting by the following formula (5):
Figure BDA0002547758330000051
wherein q isInletFor corrected rainwaterWell discharge.
The specific process of the step 7 is as follows: calculating a net rain rate R of a single rainwater well by the following formula (6)n：
Figure BDA0002547758330000052
Wherein A issAnd n is the number of the catch basin.
The method has the advantages that the generalized calculation method for the pipe network drainage process of the urban area without the pipe network data realizes generalized simulation calculation of the pipe network process by only adding pipe network entries in the rainwater well calculation unit, can correct the drainage water volume according to the street pipe network drainage standard, is simple and convenient to realize, and can accurately and generally simulate the flooding process of the urban area without the pipe network data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison graph of actually measured accumulated water in the Xixi New Feng City at 2016, 8 and 25 days of rainfall in the Xixi New City, compared with the accumulated water process calculated by the method, in an embodiment of a generalized calculation method for the drainage process of a pipe network in an urban area without pipe network data according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a comparison graph of a coupling model of the New Fengxi city under rainfall design and a water accumulation process of the method in an embodiment of a generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process in a non-pipe network data urban area of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process of a non-pipe network data urban area, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, generalizing the block number K, the rainwater well number of each block, the distribution position of the rainwater well and the perimeter l of the rainwater well of the researched area by actually surveying, measuring or referring to relevant specifications and documentsI；
The rainwater well information can be obtained through actual investigation, and can also be valued through relevant specifications or documents, for example, the rainwater well opening distance is preferably 25 m-50 m, and when the longitudinal slope of the road is more than 0.02, the rainwater well opening distance can be more than 50 m.
Step 2, calculating the surface water depth of the whole research area by adopting a flood process numerical method based on a full-hydropower method;
the method for calculating the water depth through the flood process numerical model of the full-hydropower method in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the model calculates the regional water depth by simultaneously solving a two-dimensional Shallow Water Equation Set (SWEs). In the solving process, a motion viscosity term, a turbulence viscosity term, wind stress and Coriolis force are ignored, and the conservation format of the two-dimensional nonlinear shallow water equation can be shown as a formula 1 by the following vector form:
Figure RE-GDA0002680092620000061
wherein t is time, s; r is the net rain rate which is equal to the rainfall intensity minus the infiltration rate and the water discharge and discharge amount of the pipe network; q is a variable vector and comprises water depth h and single wide flow q in two directionsxAnd q isy(ii) a u and v are flow velocities in the x and y directions; f. g is a flux vector in the x and y directions; s is a source item vector which comprises a rainfall or infiltration source item R, a bottom slope source item and a frictional resistance source item; z is a radical ofbIs the riverbed bottom elevation, m; cfTo decline the competence coefficient, Cf＝gn2/h1/3Wherein n is the Manning coefficient. And calculating the surface convergence evolution process by the method to obtain the water depth of the surface calculation unit. The invention mainly realizes generalized simulation of the drainage process of a pipe network by adding a rainwater well convergence item in R.
Step 3, based on the surface water depth obtained in the step 2, preliminarily calculating the water quantity entering a single rainwater well from the surface through a weir flow formula, namely the drainage water quantity q of the single rainwater wellI；
The specific process of the step 3 is as follows: calculating the water quantity entering the single rainwater well from the ground surface by the following formula (2), namely the water discharge quantity of the single rainwater wellqIUnit is m3/s：
Figure BDA0002547758330000073
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002547758330000074
is the weir flow coefficient; lIThe unit is the perimeter of the catch basin, and the unit is m; h is the surface water depth, unit m.
Step 4, calculating the total drainage water yield Q of catch basins belonging to the same blockm；
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows: calculating the total water discharge Q of the rainwater wells belonging to the same block by the following formula (3)m：
Figure BDA0002547758330000081
Wherein m is the ID of the pipe network, N is the number of rainwater wells of the block, and j is the ID of the rainwater well of the block.
Step 5, according to the pipe diameter and the gradient of the drainage pipeline, limiting and correcting the total drainage water volume of the same block calculated in the step 4 to obtain the drainage water volume of a single rainwater well after correction; the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
step 5.1, determining the pipe diameter d of the drainage pipeline by referring to relevant specificationspSlope ipipeDetermining the roughness n of the pipe according to the material of the drainage pipep；
The roughness coefficient of the pipeline is different according to different materials, the roughness coefficient of the steel pipe is 0.012, the roughness coefficients of the clay pipe and the cast iron pipe are 0.013, the roughness coefficient of the concrete pipeline is 0.013-0.014, and the roughness coefficient of the pipeline can be 0.012-0.014 in conclusion.
Step 5.2, calculating the maximum pipeline flow Q when the drainage pipeline is full through the following formula (4)Pmax：
Figure BDA0002547758330000082
Step 5.3, the maximum pipeline flow obtained in the step 5.2 and the total drainage water quantity Q obtained in the step 4 are mixedmComparing, specifically:
if Qm＜QPmaxmStep 6 can be directly carried out without correcting the inflow on the surface of the rain inlet of the pipe network;
if Qm＞QPmaxmCorrecting inflow of the rainwater inlet of the pipe network, and implementing the step 5.4;
step 5.4, according to the single rainwater well drainage water amount preliminarily calculated by the weir flow formula in the step 3, reducing according to the ratio of the maximum pipeline flow and the pipeline preliminary drainage water amount, and correcting by the following formula (5):
Figure BDA0002547758330000091
wherein q isInletThe corrected drainage quantity of the catch basin is obtained.
Step 6, repeating the steps 4-5 until the drainage water amount of all the rainwater wells of K blocks in the researched area determined in the step 1 is calculated;
step 7, calculating the net rain rate R of a single rainwater well on the surface unit at the position of the rainwater welln。
The specific process of the step 7 is as follows: calculating a net rain rate R of a single rainwater well by the following formula (6)n：
Figure BDA0002547758330000092
Wherein A issAnd n is the number of the catch basin.
When the maximum drainage capacity of the pipe network is calculated, the method mainly carries out generalized calculation by using one block or one block, and does not need to correct the area with only a few catch basins.
The west area, the west, the salty area, the west, is used as a first national sponge city construction test point in China, perfect monitoring equipment is arranged in a research area, waterlogging monitoring is mature, and the method takes the area as an example and calculates the waterlogging process in the area.
The rainwater well and the pipe network in the region are generalized, the rainwater well and the pipe network in the region have 81 rainwater nodes, 4 outlets and 81 pipes, and the pipe diameter of each pipe is 0.8 m. And selecting actual rainfall measured in 2016, 8, 25 and 25 days to calibrate the parameters, wherein the total rainfall amount accounts for 66mm, and the maximum rainfall intensity is 65.4 mm/h. The rainfall of the field is calculated to be a 50-year first-chance recurrence period, and the water accumulation area of a water accumulation point is measured to be 1600m in the fifth hour2. The rainfall runoff process of the field is simulated by adopting the method, the surface water accumulation process and the actually measured data are shown in figure 1, and the method has higher goodness of fit with the actually measured water accumulation.
As shown in fig. 2, the error of the final accumulated water area compared with the coupling model is only 6.52% by comparing the accumulated water process under rainfall in the 2-year recurrence period with the coupling model calculation result considering the complete pipe network, and the calculation accuracy of the method is verified again.

Claims (6)

1. A generalized calculation method for a pipe network drainage process in a non-pipe network data urban area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, measuring the block number K of a research area, the number of catch basins of each block, the distribution position of the catch basin and the perimeter l of the catch basin through actual reconnaissanceI；
Step 2, calculating the surface water depth of the whole research area by adopting a flood process numerical method based on a full-hydropower method;
step 3, based on the surface water depth obtained in the step 2, preliminarily calculating the water quantity entering a single rainwater well from the surface through a weir flow formula, namely the drainage water quantity q of the single rainwater wellI；
Step 4, calculating the total drainage water yield Q of catch basins belonging to the same blockm；
Step 5, according to the pipe diameter and the gradient of the drainage pipeline, limiting and correcting the total drainage water volume of the same block calculated in the step 4 to obtain the drainage water volume of a single rainwater well after correction;
step 6, repeating the steps 4-5 until the drainage water amount of all the rainwater wells of K blocks in the researched area determined in the step 1 is calculated;
step 7, calculating the net rain rate R of a single rainwater well on the surface unit at the position of the rainwater welln。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step 2 is as follows: calculating the surface water depth h by solving the following two-dimensional shallow water equation:
Figure FDA0002547758320000021
wherein t is time in units of s; r is the net rain rate; q is a variable vector and comprises water depth h and single wide flow q in two directionsxAnd q isy(ii) a u and v are flow velocities in the x and y directions; f. g is a flux vector in the x and y directions; s is a source term vector which comprises a rainfall or infiltration source term i, a bottom slope source term and a frictional resistance source term; z is a radical ofbIs the riverbed bottom elevation, m; cfTo decline the competence coefficient, Cf＝gn2/h1/3Wherein n is a Manning coefficient, wherein R is i-f, i is rainfall intensity, and f is infiltration intensity.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step 3 is as follows: calculating the water quantity entering the single rainwater well from the ground surface by the following formula (2), namely the water discharge q of the single rainwater wellIUnit is m3/s：
Figure FDA0002547758320000022
Wherein,
Figure FDA0002547758320000023
is the weir flow coefficient; lIThe unit m is the perimeter of the catch basin, and the unit h is the surface water depth and the unit m.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step 4 is as follows: calculating the total water discharge Q of the catch basin belonging to the same block by the following formula (3)m：
Figure FDA0002547758320000024
Wherein m is the ID of the pipe network, N is the number of catch basins of the block, and j is the ID of the catch basin of the block.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step 5 is as follows:
step 5.1, determining the pipe diameter d of the drainage pipelinepSlope ipipeDetermining the roughness n of the pipe according to the material of the drainage pipep；
Step 5.2, calculating the maximum pipeline flow Q when the drainage pipeline is full through the following formula (4)Pmax：
Figure FDA0002547758320000031
Step 5.3, the maximum pipeline flow obtained in the step 5.2 and the total drainage water quantity Q obtained in the step 4 are mixedmComparing, specifically:
if Qm＜QPmaxmStep 6 can be directly carried out without correcting the inflow on the surface of the rain inlet of the pipe network;
if Qm＞QPmaxmThen need to be applied to the gutter inlet of the pipe networkInflow correction, step 5.4 is needed;
step 5.4, according to the single rainwater well drainage water yield preliminarily calculated by the weir flow formula in the step 3, reducing according to the ratio of the maximum pipeline flow and the preliminary drainage water yield of the pipeline, and specifically correcting by the following formula (5):
Figure FDA0002547758320000032
wherein q isInletThe corrected drainage quantity of the catch basin is obtained.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific process of the step 7 is as follows: calculating a net rain rate R of a single rainwater well by the following formula (6)n：
Figure FDA0002547758320000033
Wherein A issAnd n is the number of the catch basin.
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CN113591196A (en) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-02 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 Drainage design method for basin-pool effect perforated drainage pipe
CN113591196B (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-09-26 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 Basin effect perforated drain pipe drainage design method
CN113863464A (en) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-31 中铁二十一局集团路桥工程有限公司 Urban underpass tunnel drainage system optimization method

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