CN111929107A

CN111929107A - Sampling smear method of brush and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111929107A
Application number: CN202011075266.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 浦洪杰
Original assignee: Pu Zhenxuan; Pu Zhenyue
Current assignee: Pu Zhenxuan; Pu Zhenyue
Priority date: 2019-11-15
Filing date: 2020-10-10
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Also published as: CN111366409A

Abstract

A method for sampling and smearing semisolid in a sputum specimen by a pen brush during clinical examination of the sputum specimen and application thereof, aiming at solving the problems of poor effect, difficult sampling and the like of the semisolid in the sputum specimen. The brush is used for semi-solid sampling smear application in the sputum specimen, and the brush with performance meeting the requirements is used for puncturing semi-solid in the sputum specimen to effectively separate the semi-solid from the sputum specimen for sampling and smearing, so that the detection rate of pathogens in the semi-solid in the sputum specimen is improved, and the brush has the advantages of improving the smear quality and being convenient to operate.

Description

Sampling smear method of brush and application thereof

Technical Field

A sampling smear method of a brush for clinical examination of a sputum specimen and application thereof, in particular to a sampling smear method of a brush for semisolid in the sputum specimen and application thereof.

Background

The clinical body fluid inspection is generally accomplished the sample through equipment such as bamboo stick, cotton swab, transfering loop, brush, burette, pipettor through dipping in and getting absorption, suction mode, these modes do not generally have the problem to the liquid sample that mobility is better, but often are difficult when sampling to the semi-solid (or called quasi-solid) form object in the phlegm sample, including the high viscosity object of blood sample, pus appearance, cheese appearance, purulent sticky phlegm appearance etc. very difficult separation proper amount sample and accomplish the sample. The clinical sampling method of the stubble breaking bamboo sticks has poor sampling effect due to poor stubble quality. The use of a brush to puncture and sample sputum specimens as proposed in patent application CN201210128735.3 is close to the present application, but for the following reasons: firstly, the sampling target comprises all contents such as liquid, semisolid and the like in the sputum specimen, and is lack of pertinence; secondly, the performance of the common brush is not required and has no pertinence; thirdly, the final sampling is mainly based on the adhesion of liquid and pathogen particles by means of capillary phenomenon, so that the method of the application cannot effectively separate and sample semisolid objects. The processes from bamboo stick sampling to pen brush replacing sampling, from finding that the pen brush has poor sampling effect on semisolid objects in a sputum specimen to analyzing the microscopic process and principle of pen brush sampling, finding out a solution, and from manufacturing pen brushes with various parameters to finishing verification and screening out pen brushes with proper performance are very long. For example, the manufacture of brushes with various parameters involves the development of molds, the modification and debugging of numerical control equipment, the supply of raw materials and the like, and takes much money and time to realize. Finally, the problems are solved for years, so that the tuberculosis laboratory is still using the stubble breaking bamboo sticks with poor use performance to sample smears at present.

Disclosure of Invention

A semisolid mixture including a gel network formed of proteins, proteins of other various sources, exfoliated cells and pus cells and their degradation products, a coagulation product of exudate, microorganisms, blood, clots, and the like in a sputum specimen is difficult to be sampled by a general sampling method, and is defined as "semisolid in a sputum specimen". The semi-solid is the low viscosity liquid such as the leakage liquid, the effusion liquid and the educt thereof, the saliva and the like in the sputum specimen, and the sampling is easier. In order to improve the problem of poor smear quality caused by poor sampling effect of semisolid in a sputum specimen during clinical examination of the sputum specimen, a method for sampling and smearing the semisolid in the sputum specimen by using a brush and the application of the brush are provided, so that the sampling and smearing quality is improved.

The invention solves the technical problem and provides a sampling smear method for semisolid in a sputum specimen during clinical examination, which is characterized in that bristles of a brush are used for puncturing the semisolid in the sputum specimen including a cheese sample, a pus sample, a bloody sample, a purulent mucus sample and the like, the separation and sampling of the semisolid in the sputum specimen are completed, and then the semisolid in the separated sputum specimen is coated on a glass sheet by the brush. The method includes performance requirements for a brush that must have the ability to penetrate and separate semi-solids and smears within sputum specimens in order to perform the above method.

The sampling smear method may include the steps of: the brush bristles of the brush penetrate into the semisolid in the sputum specimen once or for multiple times, so that the semisolid in the sputum specimen is embedded into the brush bristle gaps of the brush, the low-viscosity liquid adsorbed by the brush bristles due to capillary phenomenon is squeezed, the liquid in the semisolid in the sputum specimen is diluted by the liquid, the brush bristles of the brush can impact the bottom of a container when penetrating into the semisolid in the sputum specimen, the brush bristles completely penetrate through the semisolid in the sputum specimen, the semisolid in the sputum specimen is better embedded into the brush bristle gaps of the brush, the brush bristles are greatly deformed, the twisting, tearing, clamping and adhering effects on the semisolid are enhanced, and the fixing and separating effects of the brush bristles on the semisolid in the sputum specimen are enhanced; withdrawing the brush, wherein the brush has the function of enabling the resilience of the brush hairs to wrap and adhere the semi-solid in the sputum specimen and tearing the semi-solid to separate and sample the semi-solid in the sputum specimen; and thirdly, coating the semisolid in the separated sputum specimen on a glass slide after sampling.

The sampling smear method can be used for sputum smear detection of tuberculosis. Because the quantity of the tubercle bacillus in the sputum specimen of the open tuberculosis patient is often small and most of the tubercle bacillus is distributed in the semisolid in the sputum specimen, the sputum specimen of the tuberculosis patient can effectively separate the semisolid in the sputum specimen by the method, and the better pathogen detection rate in the semisolid in the sputum specimen is obtained.

The sampling smear method comprises the performance requirements of a brush, namely the brush has the performance of puncturing and separating the semi-solid in the sputum specimen and smearing the semi-solid in the sputum specimen, and the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, the brush hair of the brush can pierce or pierce the sputum specimen during sampling and rebound after withdrawing or colliding the bottom of the container and withdrawing and the like to withdraw external force, so that the mechanical effects of embedding, fixing, twisting, adhering, wrapping, tearing and the like of semisolid in the sputum specimen can be realized, and the capability of separating and sampling is completed; secondly, the brush hair can coat the specimen on the glass slide to make smear after sampling, and the brush with the performance is generally provided. However, if a common brush is used, the brush hair is generally thin and soft, the semi-solid in the sputum specimen cannot be effectively separated even if the same operation method is adopted, and the amount of the semi-solid in the sputum specimen in the smear is small due to the capillary phenomenon caused by dipping and absorbing the liquid specimen, so that the detection rate of pathogens contained in the sputum specimen is reduced. The brushes with different performances can be manufactured by combining the material, thickness and length of the brush hair, and can be judged whether to have the performance of the semisolid separation sampling smear in the sputum specimen or not by actually operating the brushes according to the semisolid separation sampling smear method in the sputum specimen by related professionals in a tuberculosis laboratory, and the performance cannot be described by quantitative indexes such as structures or parameters, but can be easily judged by actual operation.

The brush mainly comprises a rod body 1 and brush bristles 2 at the end part, when the brush bristles are made of plastic materials, the length of the brush bristles can be 3-20 mm, and the diameter of the brush bristles can be 0.13-0.4 mm, so that the performance of the brush can better meet the requirements. The material of the brush may be various materials including metal, composite materials, animal hair, plant fibers, and the like.

The invention solves the technical problem and provides a sampling smear application of a brush, which is characterized by being used for a semisolid sampling smear in a sputum specimen. The use of the brush for this purpose includes both the performance requirements for the brush and the method requirements for sampling: firstly, the brush inevitably has the performance of puncturing and separating semisolid and smear in the sputum specimen, otherwise, the use cannot be finished; secondly, the brush inevitably adopts the method for sampling and smearing the semisolid in the sputum specimen, otherwise, only one method for dipping and absorbing the sampling smear on the liquid in the sputum specimen is adopted, but the method cannot separate the semisolid in the sputum specimen and cannot finish the purpose.

The sampling smear of the brush can be used for detecting tuberculosis sputum smear, and the use of the sampling smear can improve the detection rate of tubercle bacillus mostly distributed in semisolid in a sputum specimen.

Compared with the stubble breaking bamboo stick sampling method, the method has the advantages of good separation and sampling effects on the semi-solid in the sputum specimen and good smear quality. The method overcomes the defects that the prior sampling method of the brush can not realize the effective separation and sampling of the semisolid in the sputum specimen because the capillary phenomenon of the brush hair of the brush adsorbs the liquid with low viscosity and the pathogens in the liquid. The difference between the two is: firstly, sampling objects are different, the sampling objects of the original method comprise all contents such as liquid, semisolid and the like in the sputum specimen, and the application aims at the semisolid in the sputum specimen; secondly, sampling tools are different, the original method has no requirement on the performance of the brush, the brush has certain rigidity requirement on the brush, and the brush can penetrate into semisolid in the sputum specimen and can separate the semisolid in the sputum specimen; the sampling principle is different, former method uses ordinary brush sample, mainly rely on capillary phenomenon and the liquid and the pathogen granule of adhesion, its puncture ability is not enough, probably only can pierce in the liquid, thereby can't effectively separate semi-solid, and this application method is the brush hair that leads to and relies on improvement intensity, can pierce the semi-solid in the phlegm sample, make semi-solid embedding brush hair clearance, rely on the mechanical action realization of the brush hair that has suitable intensity to the semi-solid effective separation in the phlegm sample, minimize brush capillary phenomenon adhesion liquid, it is enough to guarantee the amount of semi-solid in the smear in the phlegm sample, thereby improve wherein the relevance ratio of pathogen.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brush. The mark 1 is a rod body, and the mark 2 is brush hair.

Detailed Description

In the first embodiment, the end of a plastic rod body 1 with an implanted pore is implanted with bristles 2 by a numerical control bristle implanting machine, the bristles 2 are 0.13mm PBT brush wires, and the bristles 2 are trimmed to 3mm length by a hair shearing machine to form a pen brush. The brush is used for sampling and smearing the sputum specimen of a tuberculosis patient by the following method, and brush hair of the brush is used for pricking semi-solids in the specimen to separate a proper amount of semi-solids in the sputum specimen and then coating the semi-solids on a glass slide.

Example two, a pen brush was produced with a PP brush filament having 0.18mm thick bristles and 10mm long bristles. The following sampling and smearing steps are adopted for the sputum specimen by using the brush: firstly, repeatedly penetrating brush hair into semisolid in a sputum specimen, and simultaneously impacting the brush hair to the bottom of a container; withdrawing the brush to finish sampling the semi-solid in the sputum specimen; and thirdly, coating the specimen on a glass slide.

Example three, a pen brush was produced with PA brush filaments having bristles of 0.4mm thick and 20mm long. The following sampling and smearing steps are adopted for the sputum specimen by using the brush: brush bristles of a pen brush repeatedly penetrate into semisolid in a sputum specimen; withdrawing the brush to finish sampling the semi-solid in the sputum specimen; and thirdly, coating the specimen on a glass slide.

Claims

1. A method for sampling and smearing semi-solid in sputum specimen for clinical examination features that the semi-solid in sputum specimen, such as cheese, pus, blood and purulent mucus, is pierced by the brush of pen brush to separate the semi-solid from the sputum specimen and coated on a slide glass.

2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of: firstly, the brush hair of the brush is used for penetrating into semisolid in a sputum specimen once or for multiple times, and the brush hair of the brush can impact the bottom of a container or does not impact the bottom of the container; withdrawing the brush to separate and sample the semi-solid in the sputum specimen; thirdly, coating the semi-solid in the separated sputum specimen on a glass slide by using brush hair.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, which is used for sputum smear detection of tuberculosis.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the brush has the ability to penetrate and separate the semi-solid in the sputum specimen and smear the semi-solid in the sputum specimen.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the brush has the ability to penetrate and separate the semi-solid from the sputum specimen and smear the semi-solid from the sputum specimen.

6. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bristles of the brush are plastic and have a length of 3 to 20mm and a diameter of 0.13 to 0.4 mm.

7. A method according to claim 3, wherein the bristles of the brush are plastic and have a length of 3 to 20mm and a diameter of 0.13 to 0.4 mm.

8. The utility model relates to a sampling smear application of a brush, which is characterized in that the utility model is used for the sampling smear of semisolid in sputum specimens.

9. Use according to claim 8, characterized by a sputum smear test for tuberculosis.

10. Use according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the brush has the ability to penetrate and detach a semi-solid from a sputum specimen and smear the semi-solid from the sputum specimen.