CN111928294B - Method for apportioning thermoelectric cost of gas-steam combined cycle unit - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for apportioning thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit, which comprises the steps of fitting a function curve of power supply power and natural gas flow by using a least square method according to historical natural gas flow and corresponding historical power supply power, and bringing the function curve into the natural gas flow of the unit to obtain the power supply power which is supposed to be sent by the unit in a corresponding time period; calculating the flow rate of the generated natural gas consumed by real-time power supply by using the real-time power supply power and the power supply power, and calculating the real-time unit power supply cost according to the current natural gas price; and subtracting the real-time power supply natural gas flow calculated in the last step from the real-time natural gas flow to obtain the real-time heat supply natural gas flow, and obtaining the real-time unit heat supply cost by combining the natural gas price. According to verification, the heat supply cost calculation result obtained by the invention renegotiates the price with the heat supply demand party, so that the loss is reduced, and the profit is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a method for apportioning thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit.
Background
The cogeneration of gas turbine power station is a comprehensive production mode which burns primary energy natural gas to release heat, and utilizes the steam which does work in the steam turbine to supply heat to users while producing electric energy. Since the production of both heat and electricity products is carried out simultaneously, the costs of both heat and electricity products are naturally involved in the cost accounting, which creates a problem of how to share and rationalize the costs, which is currently still under general debate. The apportionment of the thermoelectric cost influences the reasonable pricing of heat and electricity to a great extent, the apportionment results obtained by adopting different apportionment methods and standards are greatly different, and the economic benefits of the heat products and the electric products obtained by taking the different apportionment methods as the basis are also greatly different.
The problem of unreasonable thermoelectric cost allocation always troubles thermoelectric enterprises, and the reason for the situation is manifold, policy and regulation, economic law, thermodynamics and theoretical method of thermoelectric cost allocation. The thermoelectric cost is not only related to the benefits of thermoelectric enterprises, but also related to the fairness of the heat users and the fairness of the electricity users in using the products, so that the selection of a scientific and accurate apportionment method for thermoelectric apportionment is the premise of reasonably customizing prices of the heat products and the electricity products.
At present, the heat method is a universal thermoelectric cost apportionment method legally used in China. The heat method is deduced based on the first law of thermodynamics, the method divides the total heat consumption of the thermal power plant according to the quantity proportion of the produced electric energy and the heat energy, and belongs to the 'benefit power return law', the electric energy and the heat energy are considered to be equivalent, the energy-quality difference is ignored, namely no matter new steam of a boiler or part of extracted steam used for heat supply is used, as long as the quantity of the heat is equal, the calculated heat consumption of heat supply is the same, therefore, the power supply coal consumption and the power supply cost during the co-production are greatly reduced compared with the single production, the method is simple, intuitive and convenient to examine, but the method does not reflect the difference of the heat energy and the electric energy quality, and does not reflect the difference of different parameters of the heat supply steam on the quality, and various irreversible losses in the process are finally calculated in the process of using heat energy to heat users, the heat accumulation polarity of the heat for the heat users is greatly reduced, the heat efficiency of the heat users is not fair, the benefit brought by the heat and the power generation is totally attributed to the power generation, the second law of the ideal heat efficiency under the same condition, and the law of the thermodynamic cycle is violated; and does not properly reflect the thermoelectric cost, therefore, this apportionment method has a serious drawback in theory.
The heat method, the apportionment method, goes to the extreme. Whether the apportionment method is based on the first law of thermodynamics, the second law of thermodynamics or the economic method, the artificial regulation is inevitable, and only the regulation has the basis of the regulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple, reasonable and more real method for sharing the thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit in engineering application aiming at the problems that the conventional heat method deviates from the real power generation cost and the heat supply cost is more.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for sharing thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit comprises the steps of fitting a function curve of power supply power and natural gas flow by using a least square method according to historical natural gas flow and corresponding historical power supply power, and bringing the function curve into the natural gas flow of the unit to obtain the power supply power which the unit should send in a corresponding time period; calculating the flow rate of the generated natural gas consumed by real-time power supply by using the real-time power supply power and the power supply power, and calculating the real-time unit power supply cost according to the current natural gas price; and subtracting the real-time power supply natural gas flow calculated in the last step from the real-time natural gas flow to obtain the real-time heat supply natural gas flow, and obtaining the real-time unit heat supply cost by combining the natural gas price.
A further improvement of the invention is that the method comprises in particular:
the measured values and some calculated values of the desired measuring points are collected, as shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 measurement points to be collected
TABLE 2 quantities to be metered
| Name of survey point | Unit of | (symbol) |
| Natural gas flow rate for power supply | Nm 3 /h | N1 |
| Flow of heating natural gas | Nm 3 /h | N2 |
| Unit cost of power supply | yuan/(kW h) | E1 |
| Unit cost of heat supply | Yuan/GJ | E2 |
1) The pure condensing power supply consumption curve is obtained by fitting two real-time measuring point data of the unit power supply and the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation by using a least square method, namely the formula (1):
X＝d+c·N+b·N 2 +a·N 3 (1)
n is the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation, and X is the power supply power when the natural gas flow is N;
2) Calculating the unit cost of power supply
Assuming that the power supply power of the unit is X1 at this moment, the power supply cost per watt hour is
3) Calculating unit cost of heat supply
At the moment, the unit heat supply gas consumption N2= N-N1, and the unit heat supply cost per GJ
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for sharing the thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit, which is characterized in that the method for sharing the thermoelectric cost is to scientifically divide the cost of producing electricity and heat by a certain method, calculate the proportion of the cost of an electric product to the total expenditure cost or the proportion of the cost of a heat product to the total expenditure cost, and carry out the cost accounting of a cogeneration enterprise, wherein the general requirement of the cogeneration enterprise on the method for sharing the total cost is as follows: the research of the heat and power cost sharing theory of the cogeneration unit has important theoretical and practical significance as the basis of the performance analysis of the cogeneration unit, and the rationality and the accuracy of the research directly influence the ordered development of the cogeneration enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for apportioning the thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the method for apportioning the thermoelectric cost of the gas-steam combined cycle unit, firstly, according to historical natural gas flow and corresponding historical power supply power, a function curve of the power supply power and the natural gas flow is fitted by using a least square method, and the natural gas flow is brought into the unit, so that the power supply power which the unit should send in a corresponding period is obtained; calculating the flow rate of the generated natural gas consumed by real-time power supply by using the real-time power supply power and the power supply power, and calculating the real-time unit power supply cost according to the current natural gas price; and subtracting the real-time power supply natural gas flow calculated in the last step from the real-time natural gas flow to obtain the real-time heat supply natural gas flow, and obtaining the real-time unit heat supply cost by combining the natural gas price.
First, the measured values and some calculated values of the required measuring points are collected, as shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 measurement points to be collected
| Name of survey point | Unit of | (symbol) |
| Price of natural gas | Yuan/Nm 3 | p |
| Natural gas flow | Nm 3 /h | N |
| Power supply of machine set | MW | X |
| Heat supply power of machine set | GJ | m |
TABLE 2 quantities to be calculated
1) The pure condensing power supply gas consumption curve is obtained by fitting two real-time measuring point data of the unit power supply and the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation by using a least square method, namely the formula (1):
X＝d+c·N+b·N 2 +a·N 3 (1)
n is the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation, and X is the power supply when the natural gas flow is N;
2) Calculating power supply unit cost
Assuming that the power supply power of the unit is X1 at this moment, the power supply cost per watt hour is
3) Calculating unit cost of heat supply
At the moment, the unit heat supply gas consumption N2= N-N1, and the unit heat supply cost per GJ
The examples are as follows, and the collected measurement points are as shown in Table 3.
Table 3 example stations
| Name of survey point | Unit of | Numerical value | (symbol) |
| Price of natural gas | Element/t | 2806 | p |
| Flow of natural gas | t/h | 47.47 | N |
| Natural gas flow rate for power supply | t/h | 41.98 | N1 |
| Flow of heating natural gas | t/h | 5.49 | N2 |
| Power supply of machine set | MW | 329 | X |
| Heat supply of the unit | GJ | 158.173 | m |
| Unit cost of power supply | yuan/(kW h) | 0.487 | E1 |
| Unit cost of heat supply | Yuan/GJ | 97.34 | E2 |
1, fitting two real-time measuring point data of unit power supply and natural gas flow during pure condensing operation by using a least square method to obtain a pure condensing power supply and gas consumption curve which is as follows:
X＝22.98+1.296·N+0.2306·N 2 -0.002168·N 3
at this time N =47.47t/h, so X =372MW.
2 calculating the unit cost of power supply
At this time, the natural gas flow rate of the power supply is N1= N · (X1/X) =41.98t/h.
The power supply cost per degree of electricity
3 calculating the unit cost of heat supply
At this time, the heating natural gas flow rate N2= N-N1= (47.47-41.98) t/h =5.49t/h.
Heating cost per GJ
In a certain combustion engine thermal power plant applied by the method, because the heat supply unit cost of the unit is not clear before a manager, when the manager negotiates with a hot user, the price is determined to be about 83 yuan/GJ, and after the manager is put into the system, the statistical average value of the heat supply unit cost of the unit is about 97 yuan/GJ, which is equivalent to buying and selling under the condition of loss all the time. Therefore, the combustion engine thermal power plant manager renegotiates the price with the heat supply demand party according to the heat supply cost calculation result obtained by the invention, thereby reducing the loss and obtaining the profit.
Claims (1)
1. A method for apportioning thermoelectric cost of a gas-steam combined cycle unit is characterized by comprising the steps of fitting a function curve of power supply power and natural gas flow by using a least square method according to historical natural gas flow and corresponding historical power supply power, and bringing the function curve into the natural gas flow of the unit to obtain the power supply power which should be sent by the unit in a corresponding time period; calculating the flow rate of the generated natural gas consumed by real-time power supply by using the real-time power supply power and the power supply power, and calculating the real-time unit power supply cost according to the current natural gas price; subtracting the real-time power supply natural gas flow calculated in the last step from the real-time natural gas flow to obtain the real-time heat supply natural gas flow, and obtaining the real-time unit heat supply cost by combining the natural gas price; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the measured values and some calculated values of the required measuring points are collected, as shown in the following tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 points to be collected
TABLE 2 quantities to be calculated
1) The pure condensing power supply gas consumption curve is obtained by fitting two real-time measuring point data of the unit power supply and the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation by using a least square method, namely the formula (1):
X＝d+c·N+b·N 2 +a·N 3 (1)
n is the natural gas flow during pure condensing operation, and X is the power supply power when the natural gas flow is N;
2) Calculating power supply unit cost
Assuming that the unit supplies power and supplies heat at the moment, and the power supply power measurement value at the moment is X1, the power supply cost of each degree of electricity
3) Calculating unit cost of heat supply
At the moment, the unit heat supply gas consumption N2= N-N1, and the unit heat supply cost per GJ
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